299 lines
32 KiB
XML
299 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="297059" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.7316535" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bb605a32-1722-403b-9e46-bac664e1a8e5" ID-ISBN="0-8018-8221-4" checkinTime="1670905143547" checkinUser="guido" docAuthor="Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn" docDate="2005" docId="D176A8CBBBC944BF97D0C6AE75BDC6B5" docLanguage="en" docName="MammalSpeciesofTheWorld.2005.Cricetidae.955-1189.xml" docOrigin="Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press" docTitle="Synaptomys Baird 1857" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="05F3D1847A4743C70A50558FE6B48509" lastPageNumber="1037" masterDocId="05F3D1847A4743C70A50558FE6B48509" masterDocTitle="Order Rodentia - Family Cricetidae" masterLastPageNumber="1189" masterPageNumber="955" pageNumber="1037" updateTime="1716773916032" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="9A4943B6DB248A4D74AC267B3993B791" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="A8139462272EB3052526859AB177350E">
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<mods:title id="3F2D6F8FE2E813BADD649AFB535A1A48">Order Rodentia - Family Cricetidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="94DC283EB2E8FA4304E586391BABC39D" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="39D7C6F682FC174FE365ED4F19CCBC0C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="630ADFCAAABAA10DB2B0159C9A03FA80">Wilson, Don E.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="2D6CDC5F68EF39AF858ED8FAE38EAD4A" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="BB18130297943BB0B24FED6F7FEA7586">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="FFCFD3BDD839A083A89D815CE7F725E1">Reeder, DeeAnn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="8F80B238F81D35518A96A1978D14B203">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:dateIssued id="763933D51A3A938C6E916869A3AC2E69">2005</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:publisher id="6298381F88BCDD76EF27D937026A04DF">The Johns Hopkins University Press</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place id="DA4C1CE060F3410E6DF476813B81E57E">
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<mods:placeTerm id="6B6D27E49A810ECAE2DB74612E81FF28">Baltimore</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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<mods:titleInfo id="5BB0EFA0C564A3F95EE1BBE8251FFBD7">
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<mods:title id="449D4256FAABB34D44C56B51F6F8CB03">Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="065F10F8A7AAD0FF0E8AA6C24F71082F">
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<mods:start id="8C2CDA6D51267670855998B6C873133F">955</mods:start>
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<mods:identifier id="0FE6B9D28D9CD9F8E4469F2834010A94" type="ISBN">0-8018-8221-4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="791F80EED9B71DDDB2CB952855890F9C" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.7316535</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="D176A8CBBBC944BF97D0C6AE75BDC6B5" ID-GBIF-Taxon="231522705" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D176A8CBBBC944BF97D0C6AE75BDC6B5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D176A8CBBBC944BF97D0C6AE75BDC6B5" lastPageNumber="1037" pageNumber="1037" sourceUrl="http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?id=13000340">
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<subSubSection id="91E23CA5906C14A505E5F6A89CDDE1A2" pageNumber="1037" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C5C208CE838908DA4A39B8318E8D3E44" pageNumber="1037">
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<taxonomicName id="9EB13755039FBD55991247CFDDABBC12" ID-CoL="7R2N" authority="Baird 1857" authorityName="Baird" authorityYear="1857" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Synaptomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1037" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="2953060BACD2D4CDAD8AE05DC7D363ED" italics="true" pageNumber="1037">Synaptomys</emphasis>
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Baird 1857
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="03539DFCEA11C9B49F62E643893872D5" pageNumber="1037" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="55B0C865EE73DE040EC055D59BA7DEFE" pageNumber="1037">
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<treatmentCitation id="55F0B9AEB0EEFE10BA071AF5468D7D06" author="Baird" authority="Baird 1857" authorityName="Baird" authorityYear="1857" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Synaptomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" page="558" pageNumber="1037" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" title="Synaptomys" volumeTitle="Mammalia, in: Repts. U. S. Expl. Surv., Vol. 8, 1" year="1857">
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<taxonomicName id="28908586923CD203C4FAA51D3B2EC5F8" ID-CoL="7R2N" authority="Baird 1857" authorityName="Baird" authorityYear="1857" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Synaptomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1037" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="7E431A76237A88A573CBCB81C2B3F6DD" italics="true" pageNumber="1037">Synaptomys</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="5E955B9A1C84D5EC81E2F4DAA36D6EA2" author="Baird, S. F." refId="ref17749" refString="Baird, S. F. 1857. Mammals: General report upon the zoology of the several Pacific railroad routes. Vol. 8, pt. 1, in Reports of explorations and surveys to ascertain the most practicable and economical route for a railroad from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean. Senate executive document no. 78, Washington, D. C., 757 pp." year="1857">Baird 1857</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<bibCitation id="9483D7BBE446F382005CDF70E0771681" author="Baird" pageNumber="1037" pagination="558" title="Synaptomys" volumeTitle="Mammalia, in: Repts. U. S. Expl. Surv., Vol. 8, 1" year="1857">
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<taxonomicName id="DFB89D9A4AEFA7CA4CF6BDA7FFE9B8E8" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="class">Mammalia</taxonomicName>
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, in: Repts.
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<collectingCountry id="3B7B304132F46223C356784FB8D8E85B" name="United States of America">U. S.</collectingCountry>
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Expl. Surv., Vol. 8, 1: 558
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</bibCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="7B2670D70B41382C9D4C002472AE998E" pageNumber="1037" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="291E33786E94AB215964521FF404945A" pageNumber="1037">
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<emphasis id="5AB4DE152BEDE32AA18FE888AD59695E" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="1037">Type Species:</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="2BCFAED5858A71620B57F7470C292480" authority="Baird 1857" authorityName="Baird" authorityYear="1857" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Synaptomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1037" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cooperi">
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<emphasis id="CE67A0E70BC914F8F72E221F1D28D963" italics="true" pageNumber="1037">Synaptomys cooperi</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="D4E117E6B4047142D9670673BAA7A0F3" author="Baird, S. F." refId="ref17749" refString="Baird, S. F. 1857. Mammals: General report upon the zoology of the several Pacific railroad routes. Vol. 8, pt. 1, in Reports of explorations and surveys to ascertain the most practicable and economical route for a railroad from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean. Senate executive document no. 78, Washington, D. C., 757 pp." year="1857">Baird 1857</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="19BE61F64D315F20DE59AB8CCBC1AED2" pageNumber="1037" type="synonym_list">
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<paragraph id="3AF88C9627AE4C5E85967C276F948603" pageNumber="1037">
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<emphasis id="AD73A9DD03C24529D48A7622B6A10564" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="1037">Synonyms:</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4FF0393484F28D8EB9039B1D933F40DA" authority="Koenigswald and L. D. Martin 1984" authorityName="Koenigswald and L. D. Martin" authorityYear="1984" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Kentuckomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1037" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="BE7007B5D482F08312E710DA0D78BCD4" italics="true" pageNumber="1037">Kentuckomys</emphasis>
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Koenigswald and L. D. Martin 1984
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="C97CE3F319D93A9833B2DEF24C7A8A0F" authority="Zakrzewski 1972" authorityName="Zakrzewski" authorityYear="1972" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Metaxyomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1037" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="843B966E568B7A61A3897C44B1A25E31" italics="true" pageNumber="1037">Metaxyomys</emphasis>
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Zakrzewski 1972
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="22E0438675B26D0818C0A99040E7341D" authority="Kowalski 1977" authorityName="Kowalski" authorityYear="1977" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Praesynaptomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1037" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="943A44866CD5A82640AC2571B3CFD2B1" italics="true" pageNumber="1037">Praesynaptomys</emphasis>
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Kowalski 1977
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1252BBCCB5826096258F61755B5298AF" pageNumber="1037" type="child_taxa">
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<paragraph id="33E3341EE1C3D5FA8F58F78B032C4FD5" pageNumber="1037">
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<emphasis id="467278272263D983F4F1843E2E1BCCAE" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="1037">Species and subspecies:</emphasis>
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2 species in 2 subgenera:
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D82E78F13B90F274978F36967FB7D1E1" pageNumber="1037">
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Subgenus
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<taxonomicName id="DCC0A041535C613757F9D4FD78633321" authority="Baird 1857" authorityName="Baird" authorityYear="1857" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Synaptomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1037" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Synaptomys">
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<emphasis id="AB529955CAA6F856E2FED86E80AF61A6" italics="true" pageNumber="1037">Synaptomys (Synaptomys)</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="4E944DF9FAFD64B0E9031EF13CCE7341" author="Baird, S. F." refId="ref17749" refString="Baird, S. F. 1857. Mammals: General report upon the zoology of the several Pacific railroad routes. Vol. 8, pt. 1, in Reports of explorations and surveys to ascertain the most practicable and economical route for a railroad from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean. Senate executive document no. 78, Washington, D. C., 757 pp." year="1857">Baird 1857</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AD6CACDFF18E0C1B97EB5A101FB34488" pageNumber="1037">
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Subgenus
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<taxonomicName id="55E1FB9E9F20B03E698A7166491BC8E3" authority="True 1894" authorityName="True" authorityYear="1894" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Synaptomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1037" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Mictomys">
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<emphasis id="7E0FA9C369B39BCD13A8901F9BE3AC45" italics="true" pageNumber="1037">Synaptomys (Mictomys)</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="E5E52DA266281E3466F552958C9039C3" author="True, F. W." refId="ref359983" refString="True, F. W. 1894. Notes on mammals of Baltistan and the Vale of Kashmir, presented to the National Museum by Dr. W. L. Abbott. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 17 (976): 1 - 16." year="1894">True 1894</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="67548574F05ADD3BC0520672DCE9666B" pageNumber="1037">
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Species
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<taxonomicName id="9AE22B0BDB02346AB292A3B9F284AC69" authority="(Richardson 1828)" baseAuthorityName="Richardson" baseAuthorityYear="1828" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Synaptomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1037" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="borealis" subGenus="Mictomys">
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<emphasis id="EE0270B89A0D5F65115FE32A63074287" italics="true" pageNumber="1037">Synaptomys (Mictomys) borealis</emphasis>
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(Richardson 1828)
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9791D6A6BEE7C1E62F84BB43F1A62174" pageNumber="1037">
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Species
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<taxonomicName id="B6712A63873C64816808FAB027C26C65" authority="Baird 1857" authorityName="Baird" authorityYear="1857" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Synaptomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1037" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cooperi" subGenus="Synaptomys">
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<emphasis id="D36A1A5B0FF7083F9AC2865FD8C8B950" italics="true" pageNumber="1037">Synaptomys (Synaptomys) cooperi</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="CC0C94488855C79C334395394F0C435B" author="Baird, S. F." refId="ref17749" refString="Baird, S. F. 1857. Mammals: General report upon the zoology of the several Pacific railroad routes. Vol. 8, pt. 1, in Reports of explorations and surveys to ascertain the most practicable and economical route for a railroad from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean. Senate executive document no. 78, Washington, D. C., 757 pp." year="1857">Baird 1857</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="4C2221E88FB7F97261836D4EEE9E2820" pageNumber="1037" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="6993E64B118081730BC1A1F1D5A5BD32" pageNumber="1037">
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<emphasis id="EDB924210825708F6C331E5A779718B0" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="1037">Discussion:</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="B24B5300B40E746ACE61CA8202197036" pageNumber="1037">
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Lemmini. Many taxonomic characters associate
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<taxonomicName id="01CE6E95976418EBC8C019FAB793C6C8" authorityName="Baird" authorityYear="1857" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Synaptomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="5A91B92E03E015F2D519BD7D04AB7B8C" italics="true" pageNumber="1037">Synaptomys</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with the true lemmings (
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<taxonomicName id="6EB76747DFC3619E531F122A47CC0F88" authorityName="Link" authorityYear="1795" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lemmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="0AA08B1DF17CADB7EE0025B38B16BF3C" italics="true" pageNumber="1037">Lemmus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="567ACA8E58AA9CA9A6669743C364AC4B" authorityName="Miller" authorityYear="1910" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Myopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="DE9AB2ED9543FFD2EC14CCDCEA647FD1" italics="true" pageNumber="1037">Myopus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) in a clade, usually regarded as Lemmini and believed to represent an early line of arvicoline evolution (
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<bibRefCitation id="FA27FC35779536E85DDE2FF5D89DA3C3" author="Carleton, M. D." refId="ref51433" refString="Carleton, M. D. 1981. A survey of gross stomach morphology in Microtinae (Rodentia, Muroidea). Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde, 46: 93 - 108." year="1981">Carleton, 1981</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="05A43DEE64C9BA097692862E53E93FAC" author="Chaline, J. & J. - D. Graf" refId="ref56950" refString="Chaline, J., and J. - D. Graf. 1988. Phylogeny of the Arvicolidae (Rodentia): Biochemical and paleontological evidence. Journal of Mammalogy, 69: 22 - 33." year="1988">Chaline and Graf, 1988</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="C9E1860C88DA3F95E3CF0901966AFA06" author="Conroy, C. J. & J. A. Cook" refId="ref64900" refString="Conroy, C. J., and J. A. Cook. 1999. MtDNA evidence for repeated pulses of speciation within arvicoline and murid rodents. Journal of Mammalian Evolution, 6: 221 - 245." year="1999">Conroy and Cook, 1999</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="413C05370CDF5314E9634F6AFC01EABC" author="Graf, J. - D." refId="ref126480" refString="Graf, J. - D. 1982. Genetique biochimique, zoogeographie et taxonomie des Arvicolidae (Mammalia, Rodentia). Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 89: 749 - 787." year="1982">Graf, 1982</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="57BC2B361CE0C0F03CA6089F91437883" author="Gromov, I. M. & I. Ya. Polyakov" refId="ref130339" refString="Gromov, I. M., and I. Ya. Polyakov. 1977. Fauna SSSR, Mlekopitayushchie, tom 3, vyp. 8 [Fauna of the USSR, vol. 3, pt. 8, Mammals]. Polevki [Voles (Microtinae)]. Nauka, Moscow-Leningrad, 504 pp. (in Russian)." year="1977">Gromov and Polyakov, 1977</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="BA07B12FE71B7B387FC5E57C4A9A088F" author="Hinton, M. A. C." refId="ref154024" refString="Hinton, M. A. C. 1926 a. Monograph of the voles and lemmings (Microtinae) living and extinct. Volume 1. British Museum (Natural History), London, 488 pp." year="1926">
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Hinton, 1926
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<emphasis id="DCC27749C3B75DDE1EEF3BCDF4A669DB" italics="true" pageNumber="1037">a</emphasis>
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="A3655297E3E985B5C222A4F90464B852" author="Hooper, E. T. & B. S. Hart" refId="ref158686" refString="Hooper, E. T., and B. S. Hart. 1962. A synopsis of Recent North American microtine rodents. Miscellaneous Publications, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 120: 1 - 68." year="1962">Hooper and Hart, 1962</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="75E5D766649945042FF426F98EA13E9D" author="Koenigswald, W. von" refId="ref191092" refString="Koenigswald, W. von. 1980. Schmelzstruktur und Morphologie in den Molaren der Arvicolidae (Rodentia). Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 539: 1 - 129." year="1980">Koenigswald, 1980</bibRefCitation>
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). Fossil history reviewed by Koenigswald and L. D. Martin (1984),
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<bibRefCitation id="77F5FD88120089C16F9EC80714EBA2AF" author="Abramson, N. I." refId="ref952" refString="Abramson, N. I. 1993. Evolutionary trends in the dentition of true lemmings (Lemmini, Cricetidae, Rodentia): Functional-adaptive analysis. Journal of Zoology, London, 230: 687 - 699." year="1993">Abramson (1993)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="6B06E2AFB58115DDC7734FBAC9C2F129" author="Fejfar, O. & C. A. Repenning" refId="ref99440" refString="Fejfar, O., and C. A. Repenning. 1998. The ancestors of lemmings (Lemmini, Arvicolinae, Cricetidae, Rodentia) in the early Pliocene of Wolfersheim near Frankfurt am Main; Germany. Senckenbergiana Lethaea, 77: 161 - 193." year="1998">Fejfar and Repenning (1998)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="8ECD83D3D26CCBD979AD015856A95AE7" author="Kowalski, K." refId="ref195964" refString="Kowalski, K. 2001. Pleistocene rodents of Europe. Folia Quaternaria, 72: 3 - 389." year="2001">Kowalski (2001)</bibRefCitation>
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, and
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<bibRefCitation id="81AE2ECEA4925281326FB857E6E986C6" author="Martin, R. A. & L. Duobinis-Gray & C. P. Crockett" refId="ref227331" refString="Martin, R. A., L. Duobinis-Gray, and C. P. Crockett. 2003. A new species of early Pleistocene Synaptomys (Mammalia, Rodentia) from Florida and its relevance to southern bog lemming origins. Journal of Vertebrate Zoology, 23 (4): 917 - 936." year="2003">Martin et al. (2003)</bibRefCitation>
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. The last authors segregated
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0ECD2DD2B31432E6839CA64E32DA66AA" authorityName="Baird" authorityYear="1857" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Synaptomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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|
<emphasis id="E56CFC54ABD7C2C1491F3963CDF8A410" italics="true" pageNumber="1037">Synaptomys</emphasis>
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|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="7882302D33BA1F591E956F82EE775E7F" authorityName="True" authorityYear="1894" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Synaptomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Mictomys">
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<emphasis id="B429849496EA59302BE7BF0DAB9C922C" italics="true" pageNumber="1037">Mictomys</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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|
as genus), together with a European fossil (
|
|
<taxonomicName id="9F9601A634961EDA6037977E0F0B8E8E" authorityName="Fejfar & Repenning" authorityYear="1998" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Tobienia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="5DB26AF09C884337FB2E84C95C22085E" italics="true" pageNumber="1037">Tobienia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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|
), as Synaptomyini, apart from Lemmini (
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|
<taxonomicName id="D4A12986C447738AEA1FFC54496BD628" authorityName="Link" authorityYear="1795" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lemmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D6740A4FD80B463AF087F59C95DB1065" italics="true" pageNumber="1037">Lemmus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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|
<taxonomicName id="24A594E86215C997509F2CBB51B9C51D" authorityName="Miller" authorityYear="1910" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Myopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F5C62A566ECC34256087B4C5AF27AABA" italics="true" pageNumber="1037">Myopus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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|
<taxonomicName id="05DC608FB61B0CB0DDB54E7CBEDCA269" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Plioctomys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="1A12145880CB87CB29D4DB44924D274C" italics="true" pageNumber="1037">Plioctomys</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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|
), both groups thought to be descendants from an ancestral
|
|
<taxonomicName id="40D33A46B7EFA88BA772C9F877034DE2" authorityName="Forstyth Mayor" authorityYear="1902" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mimomys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="0A9F2686EFA2AFA911A9BC7674F6CACC" italics="true" pageNumber="1037">Mimomys</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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stock in the early Pliocene.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F3A996D7C1EBEF8AA5B94FD11976767A" pageNumber="1037">
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Although described as a genus,
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A6FAF136DBA74DAE911095D3DF691BF8" author="Miller, G. S., Jr." refId="ref241718" refString="Miller, G. S., Jr. 1896. The genera and subgenera of voles and lemmings. North American Fauna, 12: 1 - 84." year="1896">Miller (1896)</bibRefCitation>
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arranged
|
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<taxonomicName id="AEAEA567D4D7C37E5C6E0EE0080F30C7" authorityName="True" authorityYear="1894" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Synaptomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Mictomys">
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|
<emphasis id="61FB1A4ACB7696C987AA55092674F1F1" italics="true" pageNumber="1037">Mictomys</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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|
as a subgenus of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="92381C6EC7FC01D3A558EE1AF130036F" authorityName="Baird" authorityYear="1857" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Synaptomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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|
<emphasis id="F34750732CF486229A91E72C6FB04774" italics="true" pageNumber="1037">Synaptomys</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
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|
, as conventionally recognized by neontologists in the 1900s (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="400EE33A012AE6ADDC2A0D3A8021729F" author="Hall, E. R." refId="ref137310" refString="Hall, E. R. 1981. The mammals of North America. Second ed. John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1: 1 - 600 + 90, 2: 601 - 1181 + 90." year="1981">Hall, 1981</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F6159A6C0F5731B3EBBBB16FF500BD36" author="Honacki, J. H. & K. E. Kinman & J. W. Koeppl" refId="ref157366" refString="Honacki, J. H., K. E. Kinman and J. W. Koeppl (eds.). 1982. Mammal species of the world, a taxonomic and geographic reference. Allen Press, Inc. and The Association of Systematics Collections, Lawrence, Kansas, 694 pp." year="1982">Honacki et al., 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="08D9D7D8419762530A3B6914F9922322" author="Howell, A. B." refId="ref159709" refString="Howell, A. B. 1927. Revision of the American lemming mice (genus Synaptomys). North American Fauna, 50: 1 - 37." year="1927">Howell, 1927</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="1C2034CDD78368F52CA048CAD905E4D8" author="Musser, G. G. & M. D. Carleton" refId="ref252333" refString="Musser, G. G., and M. D. Carleton. 1993. Family Muridae. Pp. 501 - 755, in: Mammal species of the world, a taxonomic and geographic reference, Second ed. (D. E. Wilson and D. M. Reeder, eds.). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D. C., xviii + 1206 pp." year="1993">Musser and Carleton, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
|
), albeit not uniformly (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="997B24BED1988ED9C2502683E1D0BCCB" author="Jarrell, G. H. & K. Fredga" refId="ref172504" refString="Jarrell, G. H., and K. Fredga. 1993. How many kinds of lemmings? A taxonomic overview. Pp. 46 - 57, in The biology of lemmings (N. C. Stenseth and R. A. Ims, eds.). Linnean Society Symposium Series 15, Academic Press, London, 683 pp." year="1993">Jarrell and Fredga, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). Paleontologists, on the other hand, have emphasized the dental contrasts of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="74BBFA0FF7497CDE41F3FCD970C96B50" authorityName="Baird" authorityYear="1857" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Synaptomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="08D2267B2FF4A551672A7A81E0E45C9F" italics="true" pageNumber="1037">Synaptomys</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C8DB825EC27279A64F69521262500923" authorityName="True" authorityYear="1894" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Synaptomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Mictomys">
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|
<emphasis id="2A54DFF8FE59F6022FB530251A099299" italics="true" pageNumber="1037">Mictomys</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
at the generic level (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9011C5D04E58EA908E520EECF3403DD5" author="Fejfar, O. & C. A. Repenning" refId="ref99440" refString="Fejfar, O., and C. A. Repenning. 1998. The ancestors of lemmings (Lemmini, Arvicolinae, Cricetidae, Rodentia) in the early Pliocene of Wolfersheim near Frankfurt am Main; Germany. Senckenbergiana Lethaea, 77: 161 - 193." year="1998">Fejfar and Repenning, 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
|
; Koenigswald and L. D. Martin, 1984;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="38252391C89BDEE010381EEBF9799D0E" author="Kretzoi, M." refId="ref198259" refString="Kretzoi, M. 1969. Skizze einer Arvicoliden-Phylogenie. Vertebrata Hungarica (Budapest), 11: 155 - 193." year="1969">Kretzoi, 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="3BF60CE28992CC5B058A21D4EF934348" author="Repenning, C. A. & F. M. Grady" refId="ref302166" refString="Repenning, C. A., and F. M. Grady. 1988. The microtine rodents of the Cheetah Room Fauna, Hamilton Cave, West Virginia, and the spontaneous origin of Synaptomys. United States Geological Survey Bulletin, 1853: 1 - 32." year="1988">Repenning and Grady, 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
|
), albeit not uniformly (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="3B2BAE621A430FFF71E1907F1C538781" author="Abramson, N. I." refId="ref952" refString="Abramson, N. I. 1993. Evolutionary trends in the dentition of true lemmings (Lemmini, Cricetidae, Rodentia): Functional-adaptive analysis. Journal of Zoology, London, 230: 687 - 699." year="1993">Abramson, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). While certain early Pliocene European taxa have been linked with the origin of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FAB09942E2211A6F23F09C57A191DFA3" authorityName="Edwards and Bradley" authorityYear="2002" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Synaptomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sensu">
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|
<emphasis id="EF06174CB6AE66B698B801C5B279C21A" italics="true" pageNumber="1037">
|
|
Synaptomys
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3C549F4BA45E110D9512F8CCE9E2AC0B" sensu="lato">sensu lato</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(see
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A64E450EAF4DDDB8471B2114878E4E94" author="Fejfar, O. & C. A. Repenning" refId="ref99440" refString="Fejfar, O., and C. A. Repenning. 1998. The ancestors of lemmings (Lemmini, Arvicolinae, Cricetidae, Rodentia) in the early Pliocene of Wolfersheim near Frankfurt am Main; Germany. Senckenbergiana Lethaea, 77: 161 - 193." year="1998">Fejfar and Repenning, 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D2744F6B7FF1EFBC68F64908B53F0D0D" author="Chaline, J. & P. Brunet-Lecomte & S. Montuire & L. Viriot & F. Courant" refId="ref57204" refString="Chaline, J., P. Brunet-Lecomte, S. Montuire, L. Viriot, and F. Courant. 1999. Anatomy of the arvicoline radiation (Rodentia): Palaeogeographical, palaeoecological history and evolutionary data. Annales Zoologici Fennici, 36: 239 - 267." year="1999">Chaline et al., 1999</bibRefCitation>
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, and
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="32C7C0E569D219104EA9C02876343333" author="Martin, R. A. & L. Duobinis-Gray & C. P. Crockett" refId="ref227331" refString="Martin, R. A., L. Duobinis-Gray, and C. P. Crockett. 2003. A new species of early Pleistocene Synaptomys (Mammalia, Rodentia) from Florida and its relevance to southern bog lemming origins. Journal of Vertebrate Zoology, 23 (4): 917 - 936." year="2003">Martin et al., 2003</bibRefCitation>
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|
for reviews), the divergence of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="BC6467263ACEA60F8AE018FB2D87A8E5" baseAuthorityName="Richardson" baseAuthorityYear="1828" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Synaptomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="borealis">
|
|
<emphasis id="3349D27568F165B2800586F286C158E2" italics="true" pageNumber="1037">borealis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D2D600F878D6F5EF9756433FA974366A" authorityName="Baird" authorityYear="1857" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Synaptomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cooperi">
|
|
<emphasis id="1962BC7799B8791897C9FCD76B0BB77F" italics="true" pageNumber="1037">cooperi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is thought to have occurred in North America, whether dated to a common ancestor in the late Pliocene (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="3C9FB6C94BABA6E9DE5B7140BECDF6D6" author="Repenning, C. A. & F. M. Grady" refId="ref302166" refString="Repenning, C. A., and F. M. Grady. 1988. The microtine rodents of the Cheetah Room Fauna, Hamilton Cave, West Virginia, and the spontaneous origin of Synaptomys. United States Geological Survey Bulletin, 1853: 1 - 32." year="1988">Repenning and Grady, 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
|
) or one in the middle Pleistocene (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2D08EC766E5F57362FD5B46590733C3F" author="Fejfar, O. & C. A. Repenning" refId="ref99440" refString="Fejfar, O., and C. A. Repenning. 1998. The ancestors of lemmings (Lemmini, Arvicolinae, Cricetidae, Rodentia) in the early Pliocene of Wolfersheim near Frankfurt am Main; Germany. Senckenbergiana Lethaea, 77: 161 - 193." year="1998">Fejfar and Repenning, 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). As understood, the cladistic dichotomy and its recency seem equivocal for treating
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2DFF7E54C64FD34C32A4324BD460DE" authorityName="True" authorityYear="1894" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Synaptomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Mictomys">
|
|
<emphasis id="D42CAEC703E1CEB99F83C8681A792F75" italics="true" pageNumber="1037">Mictomys</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FB145286DA529E676AECE44D4C259804" authorityName="Baird" authorityYear="1857" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Synaptomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="82CFF9697318CB4FA12BE24441EC2B26" italics="true" pageNumber="1037">Synaptomys</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
as separate genera; that possibility should be explored using other information and a broad sampling of New and Old World lemmings, one that includes other archaic forms outside of Lemmini, such as
|
|
<taxonomicName id="35E182FCEF73142C655D0EA9CE564C7F" authorityName="Lacepede" authorityYear="1799" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Arvicola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="74C943A1BBE51E1A6CE57AE112F21A13" italics="true" pageNumber="1037">Arvicola</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="ABE1AC4A175D834D147A2A03460C8320" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1955" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Dinaromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="05DC72640823C319AA00ACC4E1E8B552" italics="true" pageNumber="1037">Dinaromys</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="18F2C1A906D0AE2D09FB5D62E920BCA6" authorityName="Merriam" authorityYear="1889" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Phenacomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="E1BABCFFE8F8AB62383341D5F085114F" italics="true" pageNumber="1037">Phenacomys</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0B9A61459DEBEE3DB0882D8A48E03D37" authorityName="Satunin" authorityYear="1901" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Prometheomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="E77CFB88E1BE784A483B6813AC62BB37" italics="true" pageNumber="1037">Prometheomys</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. Current specific and subspecific classification (e.g.,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="38E714871A6B4118B0AB42C77B55833C" author="Hall, E. R." refId="ref137310" refString="Hall, E. R. 1981. The mammals of North America. Second ed. John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1: 1 - 600 + 90, 2: 601 - 1181 + 90." year="1981">Hall, 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
|
) essentially framed by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="675ABD8801E36EEC371CA30F1225D327" author="Howell, A. B." refId="ref159709" refString="Howell, A. B. 1927. Revision of the American lemming mice (genus Synaptomys). North American Fauna, 50: 1 - 37." year="1927">Howell (1927)</bibRefCitation>
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|
</paragraph>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |