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<document id="F64AD4840C436CA31DFE69F73C64C524" ID-CLB-Dataset="31941" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4324.3.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="24a2ebdb-c5cb-46ef-9302-e491aceb8802" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="998318" ID-ZooBank="8135023D-Ab89-4B5A-Ae7D-A67189C7Cbe7" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1506581424350" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sprick, Peter" docDate="2017" docId="03E287D6FFD7A24EFF24CD22FB18F83E" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4324.3.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4324 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Sitona hispidulus" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="410" masterDocId="FFDBFFAEFFD2A247FFB3CA23FFB3FFD5" masterDocTitle="Description of the larvae and pupae of eight species of the tribe Sitonini Gistel, 1848 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) from Central Europe" masterLastPageNumber="435" masterPageNumber="401" pageNumber="406" updateTime="1698469109929" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="C804562228EA693FD6673CC3CC748C43">Description of the larvae and pupae of eight species of the tribe Sitonini Gistel, 1848 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) from Central Europe</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03E287D6FFD7A24EFF24CD22FB18F83E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6017680" ID-GBIF-Taxon="134860710" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6017680" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E287D6FFD7A24EFF24CD22FB18F83E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287D6FFD7A24EFF24CD22FB18F83E" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="410" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">
<subSubSection id="C351654BFFD7A242FF24CD22FEA7F8E9" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BF436C0FFD7A242FF24CD22FDF7F8CE" blockId="5.[151,580,1793,1852]" box="[151,580,1793,1819]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">
<heading id="D0BC81ACFFD7A242FF24CD22FDF7F8CE" bold="true" box="[151,580,1793,1819]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D43FFD7A242FF24CD22FDF7F8CE" ID-CoL="4XTJK" authority="(Fabricius, 1776)" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1776" box="[151,580,1793,1819]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Sitona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hispidulus">
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFD7A242FF24CD22FDF7F8CE" bold="true" box="[151,580,1793,1819]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFD7A242FF24CD22FED9F8CE" bold="true" box="[151,362,1793,1819]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">Sitona hispidulus</emphasis>
(Fabricius, 1776)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF436C0FFD7A242FF24CD07FEA7F8E9" blockId="5.[151,580,1793,1852]" box="[151,276,1828,1852]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">
(
<figureCitation id="13702A45FFD7A242FF2DCD07FEBFF8E9" box="[158,268,1828,1852]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 2 4" captionStart-1="FIGURES 5" captionStart-2="FIGURES 6" captionStart-3="FIGURES 7" captionStart-4="FIGURES 8" captionStartId-0="6.[151,264,1900,1922]" captionStartId-1="8.[151,264,1939,1961]" captionStartId-2="9.[151,264,1545,1567]" captionStartId-3="10.[151,264,1947,1969]" captionStartId-4="11.[151,264,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox-0="[367,1224,218,1862]" captionTargetBox-1="[347,1252,193,1921]" captionTargetBox-2="[340,1247,193,1524]" captionTargetBox-3="[290,1298,231,1910]" captionTargetBox-4="[149,1437,175,1909]" captionTargetId-0="figure@6.[353,1240,193,1894]" captionTargetId-1="figure@8.[347,1252,193,1921]" captionTargetId-2="figure@9.[340,1247,193,1524]" captionTargetId-3="figure@10.[259,1331,195,1927]" captionTargetId-4="figure@11.[149,1437,175,1909]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="8" captionTargetPageId-2="9" captionTargetPageId-3="10" captionTargetPageId-4="11" captionText-0="FIGURES 2 4 (a d). 2 — Mature larva, chaetotaxy of thoracic segments, 3 — chaetotaxy of first abdominal segment, 4 — chaetotaxy of the 7 th — 10 th abdominal segments. a—Andrion regensteinense, b—Charagmus gressorius, c— Sitona cylindricollis, d—S. hispidulus. Setae: as — alar, ds — dorsal, eps — epipleural, eus — eusternal, lsts — laterosternal, pda — pedal, pds — postdorsal, prns — pronotal, prs — prodorsal, ps — pleural, sps — spiracular, sts — sternal, ts— terminal." captionText-1="FIGURES 5 (a h). 5 — Mature larva, head. a—Andrion regensteinense, b—Charagmus gressorius, c— Sitona cylindricollis, d—S. hispidulus, e—S. lineatus, f—S. macularius, g—S. obsoletus, h—S. waterhousei. Setae: des — dorsoepicranial, fs — frontal, les — lateroepicranial, pes — postepicranial, ves — ventral." captionText-2="FIGURES 6 (a h). 6 — Larval mouthparts, labrum and clypeus. a—Andrion regensteinense, b—Charagmus gressorius, c— Sitona cylindricollis, d—S. hispidulus, e—S. lineatus, f—S. macularius, g—S. obsoletus, h—S. waterhousei. Setae: cls— clypeal, lrs— labral, clss — clypeal sensorium." captionText-3="FIGURES 7 (a h). 7 — Larval mouthparts, epipharynx. a—Andrion regensteinense, b—Charagmus gressorius, c— Sitona cylindricollis, d—S. hispidulus, e—S. lineatus, f—S. macularius, g—S. obsoletus, h—S. waterhousei. Setae: als— anterolateral, ams— anteromedial, mes— median." captionText-4="FIGURES 8 (a h). 8 — Larval mouthparts, maxillolabial complex, ventral aspect. a—Andrion regensteinense, b—Charagmus gressorius, c— Sitona cylindricollis, d—S. hispidulus, e—S. lineatus, f—S. macularius, g—S. obsoletus, h—S. waterhousei. Setae: dms— dorsomalar, ligs— ligular, mxps— maxillary palp, mbs— malar basiventral, pfs— palpiferal, plbs— prelabial, pslbspostlabial, stps— stipal, vms— ventromalar." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/998322/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/998324/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/998326/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/998328/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/998330/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">FIgS 2-8D</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C351654BFFD7A24EFF24CD45FB18F83E" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="410" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF436C0FFD7A242FF24CD45FD3DF83E" blockId="5.[151,1436,1894,2027]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFD7A242FF24CD45FF60F8AA" bold="true" box="[151,211,1894,1919]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">Body</emphasis>
. LeNgTH 4.04.8 MM, WIDTH 1.21.5 MM. SeTAe MeDIUM lONg TO VeRY SHORT. PROTHORAX (
<figureCitation id="13702A45FFD7A242FB02CD44FAB0F8AA" box="[1201,1283,1895,1919]" captionStart="FIGURES 2 4" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1900,1922]" captionTargetBox="[367,1224,218,1862]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[353,1240,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 2 4 (a d). 2 — Mature larva, chaetotaxy of thoracic segments, 3 — chaetotaxy of first abdominal segment, 4 — chaetotaxy of the 7 th — 10 th abdominal segments. a—Andrion regensteinense, b—Charagmus gressorius, c— Sitona cylindricollis, d—S. hispidulus. Setae: as — alar, ds — dorsal, eps — epipleural, eus — eusternal, lsts — laterosternal, pda — pedal, pds — postdorsal, prns — pronotal, prs — prodorsal, ps — pleural, sps — spiracular, sts — sternal, ts— terminal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/998322/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">FIg. 2c</figureCitation>
) WITH 8
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFD7A242FAD0CD44FA27F8AB" box="[1379,1428,1895,1918]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">prns</emphasis>
, ONe SeTA PlAceD clOSe TO SPIRAcle. MeSO- AND MeTATHORAX (
<figureCitation id="13702A45FFD7A242FC99CDA8FCCEF876" box="[810,893,1931,1955]" captionStart="FIGURES 2 4" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1900,1922]" captionTargetBox="[367,1224,218,1862]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[353,1240,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 2 4 (a d). 2 — Mature larva, chaetotaxy of thoracic segments, 3 — chaetotaxy of first abdominal segment, 4 — chaetotaxy of the 7 th — 10 th abdominal segments. a—Andrion regensteinense, b—Charagmus gressorius, c— Sitona cylindricollis, d—S. hispidulus. Setae: as — alar, ds — dorsal, eps — epipleural, eus — eusternal, lsts — laterosternal, pda — pedal, pds — postdorsal, prns — pronotal, prs — prodorsal, ps — pleural, sps — spiracular, sts — sternal, ts— terminal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/998322/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">FIg. 2c</figureCitation>
) eAcH WITH 1 VeRY SHORT
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFD7A242FB2ACDA8FB0EF877" box="[1177,1213,1931,1954]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">prs</emphasis>
AND 4
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFD7A242FABDCDA9FA87F876" box="[1294,1332,1930,1955]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">pds</emphasis>
: THe TWO APIcAl SeTAe MeDIUM lONg, THe NeXT TWO VeRY lONg. EAcH PeDAl AReA WITH 6
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFD7A242FC6FCD8DFBB5F812" box="[988,1030,1966,1991]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">pda</emphasis>
, DIFFeReNT IN leNgTH. AbD. VIII (
<figureCitation id="13702A45FFD7A242FADDCD8CFF06F83E" captionStart="FIGURES 2 4" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1900,1922]" captionTargetBox="[367,1224,218,1862]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[353,1240,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 2 4 (a d). 2 — Mature larva, chaetotaxy of thoracic segments, 3 — chaetotaxy of first abdominal segment, 4 — chaetotaxy of the 7 th — 10 th abdominal segments. a—Andrion regensteinense, b—Charagmus gressorius, c— Sitona cylindricollis, d—S. hispidulus. Setae: as — alar, ds — dorsal, eps — epipleural, eus — eusternal, lsts — laterosternal, pda — pedal, pds — postdorsal, prns — pronotal, prs — prodorsal, ps — pleural, sps — spiracular, sts — sternal, ts— terminal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/998322/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">FIg. 4D</figureCitation>
) WITH 1 SHORT
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFD7A242FEE3CDF0FEC7F83F" box="[336,372,2003,2026]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">prs</emphasis>
AND 3
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFD7A242FE0CCDF1FDBAF83F" box="[447,521,2002,2027]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">pds; ts</emphasis>
VeRY SMAll.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF346648FFD4A241FF24CD4FFB7BF834" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/998322/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" targetBox="[367,1224,218,1862]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8BF436C0FFD4A241FF24CD4FFB7BF834" blockId="6.[151,1436,1900,2017]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFD4A241FF24CD4FFEC4F857" bold="true" box="[151,375,1900,1922]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">FIGURES 24(ad).</emphasis>
2—Mature larva, chaetotaxy of thoracic segments, 3—chaetotaxy of first abdominal segment, 4— chaetotaxy of the 7th—10th abdominal segments.
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFD4A241FD63CDAEFAADF871" box="[720,1310,1933,1956]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
a—Andrion
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D43FFD4A241FCEACDACFC42F871" baseAuthorityName="Herbst" baseAuthorityYear="1794" box="[857,1009,1935,1956]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Andrion" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="regensteinense">regensteinense</taxonomicName>
, b—Charagmus
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D43FFD4A241FB06CDACFAADF871" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1792" box="[1205,1310,1935,1956]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Charagmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gressorius">gressorius</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, c—
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFD4A241FAE8CDADFE6AF817" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D43FFD4A241FAE8CDADFEACF817" authorityName="Fahraeus" authorityYear="1840" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Sitona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cylindricollis">Sitona cylindricollis</taxonomicName>
, d—S.
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D43FFD4A241FEDACD8FFE67F817" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1776" box="[361,468,1964,1986]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Sitona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hispidulus">hispidulus</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Setae:
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFD4A241FD95CD8EFD8FF817" box="[550,572,1965,1986]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">as</emphasis>
—alar,
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFD4A241FD3ACD8FFD2CF817" box="[649,671,1964,1986]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">ds</emphasis>
—dorsal,
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFD4A241FCB6CD8EFC94F817" box="[773,807,1965,1986]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">eps</emphasis>
—epipleural,
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFD4A241FC07CD8EFC65F817" box="[948,982,1965,1986]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">eus</emphasis>
—eusternal,
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFD4A241FBEACD8FFBC8F817" box="[1113,1147,1964,1986]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">lsts</emphasis>
—laterosternal,
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFD4A241FAACCD8FFAF6F817" box="[1311,1349,1964,1986]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">pda</emphasis>
—pedal,
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFD4A241FF24CDE8FF09F834" box="[151,186,1995,2017]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">pds</emphasis>
—postdorsal,
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFD4A241FEFBCDEFFEC6F834" box="[328,373,1996,2017]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">prns</emphasis>
—pronotal,
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFD4A241FE5CCDEFFDBCF834" box="[495,527,1996,2017]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">prs</emphasis>
—prodorsal,
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFD4A241FD26CDEFFD18F834" box="[661,683,1996,2017]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">ps</emphasis>
—pleural,
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFD4A241FCABCDEFFC8BF834" box="[792,824,1996,2017]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">sps</emphasis>
—spiracular,
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFD4A241FC72CDEFFC6FF834" box="[961,988,1996,2017]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">sts</emphasis>
—sternal,
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFD4A241FBF6CDEFFBDFF834" box="[1093,1132,1996,2017]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">ts—</emphasis>
terminal.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF436C0FFD5A240FF24CD5EFC85F824" blockId="7.[151,1437,1917,2033]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFD5A240FF24CD5EFEC5F846" bold="true" box="[151,374,1917,1939]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">
<figureCitation id="13702A45FFD5A240FF24CD5EFE88F846" box="[151,315,1917,1939]" captionStart="FIGURES 2 4" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1900,1922]" captionTargetBox="[367,1224,218,1862]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[353,1240,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 2 4 (a d). 2 — Mature larva, chaetotaxy of thoracic segments, 3 — chaetotaxy of first abdominal segment, 4 — chaetotaxy of the 7 th — 10 th abdominal segments. a—Andrion regensteinense, b—Charagmus gressorius, c— Sitona cylindricollis, d—S. hispidulus. Setae: as — alar, ds — dorsal, eps — epipleural, eus — eusternal, lsts — laterosternal, pda — pedal, pds — postdorsal, prns — pronotal, prs — prodorsal, ps — pleural, sps — spiracular, sts — sternal, ts— terminal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/998322/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">FIGURES 24</figureCitation>
(eh).
</emphasis>
2—Mature larva, chaetotaxy of thoracic segments, 3—chaetotaxy of first abdominal segment, 4— chaetotaxy of the 7th—10th abdominal segments.
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFD5A240FD39CDBCFAE5F861" box="[650,1366,1950,1972]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">
e—S.
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D43FFD5A240FD7ACDBDFCAFF861" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[713,796,1950,1972]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Sitona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lineatus">lineatus</taxonomicName>
, f—S.
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D43FFD5A240FCD0CDBDFC6BF861" baseAuthorityName="Marsham" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[867,984,1950,1972]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Sitona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macularius">macularius</taxonomicName>
, g—S.
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D43FFD5A240FB97CDBDFB35F861" baseAuthorityName="Gmelin" baseAuthorityYear="1790" box="[1060,1158,1950,1972]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Sitona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obsoletus">obsoletus</taxonomicName>
, h—S.
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D43FFD5A240FB60CDBDFAE1F861" authorityName="Walton" authorityYear="1846" box="[1235,1362,1950,1972]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Sitona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="waterhousei">waterhousei</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Setae:
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFD5A240FF24CD9DFF1EF806" box="[151,173,1982,2003]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">as</emphasis>
—alar,
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFD5A240FF4BCD9FFEBCF807" box="[248,271,1980,2002]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">ds</emphasis>
—dorsal,
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFD5A240FEC0CD9DFE26F806" box="[371,405,1982,2003]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">eps</emphasis>
—epipleural,
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFD5A240FDACCD9DFDF2F806" box="[543,577,1982,2003]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">eus</emphasis>
—eusternal,
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFD5A240FD71CD9FFD57F807" box="[706,740,1980,2002]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">lsts</emphasis>
—laterosternal,
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFD5A240FC34CD9FFC1EF807" box="[903,941,1980,2002]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">pda</emphasis>
—pedal,
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFD5A240FBB9CD9FFB9EF807" box="[1034,1069,1980,2002]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">pds</emphasis>
—postdorsal,
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFD5A240FB08CD9DFB5BF806" box="[1211,1256,1982,2003]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">prns</emphasis>
—pronotal,
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFD5A240FAD1CD9DFA31F806" box="[1378,1410,1982,2003]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">prs</emphasis>
— prodorsal,
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFD5A240FEB0CDFFFEA9F824" box="[259,282,2012,2033]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">ps</emphasis>
—pleural,
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFD5A240FE35CDFFFE15F824" box="[390,422,2012,2033]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">sps</emphasis>
—spiracular,
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFD5A240FD9CCDFFFDFAF824" box="[559,585,2012,2033]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">sts</emphasis>
—sternal,
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFD5A240FD00CDFFFD69F824" box="[691,730,2012,2033]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">ts—</emphasis>
terminal.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF346648FFDAA24FFF24CDB0FD60F833" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/998324/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" targetBox="[347,1252,193,1921]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="8BF436C0FFDAA24FFF24CDB0FD60F833" blockId="8.[151,1436,1939,2022]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFDAA24FFF24CDB0FEEFF87C" bold="true" box="[151,348,1939,1961]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">FIGURES 5(ah).</emphasis>
5—Mature larva, head.
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFDAA24FFDD2CDB0FB21F87C" box="[609,1170,1939,1961]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">
a—Andrion
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D43FFDAA24FFD53CDB7FCCBF87C" baseAuthorityName="Herbst" baseAuthorityYear="1794" box="[736,888,1940,1961]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Andrion" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="regensteinense">regensteinense</taxonomicName>
, b—Charagmus
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D43FFDAA24FFB9ACDB7FB21F87C" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1792" box="[1065,1170,1940,1961]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Charagmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gressorius">gressorius</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, c—
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFDAA24FFB75CDB7FC48F812" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D43FFDAA24FFB75CDB7FA2BF87C" authorityName="Fahraeus" authorityYear="1840" box="[1222,1432,1939,1961]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Sitona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cylindricollis">Sitona cylindricollis</taxonomicName>
, d—S.
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D43FFDAA24FFF60CD92FE8DF812" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1776" box="[211,318,1969,1991]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Sitona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hispidulus">hispidulus</taxonomicName>
, e—S.
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D43FFDAA24FFE30CD92FE65F812" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[387,470,1969,1991]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Sitona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lineatus">lineatus</taxonomicName>
, f—S.
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D43FFDAA24FFDA5CD92FD39F812" baseAuthorityName="Marsham" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[534,650,1969,1991]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Sitona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macularius">macularius</taxonomicName>
, g—S.
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D43FFDAA24FFD63CD92FC81F812" baseAuthorityName="Gmelin" baseAuthorityYear="1790" box="[720,818,1969,1991]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Sitona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obsoletus">obsoletus</taxonomicName>
, h—S.
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D43FFDAA24FFCCACD92FC4BF812" authorityName="Walton" authorityYear="1846" box="[889,1016,1969,1991]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Sitona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="waterhousei">waterhousei</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Setae:
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFDAA24FFBF7CD92FBD6F812" box="[1092,1125,1969,1991]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">des</emphasis>
—dorsoepicranial,
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFDAA24FFA9BCD92FA8AF812" box="[1320,1337,1969,1991]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">fs</emphasis>
—frontal,
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFDAA24FFF24CDF3FF00F833" box="[151,179,2000,2022]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">les</emphasis>
—lateroepicranial,
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFDAA24FFEC5CDF2FE24F833" box="[374,407,2001,2022]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">pes</emphasis>
—postepicranial,
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFDAA24FFDFFCDF2FDDFF833" box="[588,620,2001,2022]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">ves</emphasis>
—ventral.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF346648FFDBA24EFF24CC2AFDBEF989" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/998326/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="410" targetBox="[340,1247,193,1524]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="8BF436C0FFDBA24EFF24CC2AFDBEF989" blockId="9.[151,1436,1545,1628]" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFDBA24EFF24CC2AFEEFF9CA" bold="true" box="[151,348,1545,1567]" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">FIGURES 6(ah).</emphasis>
6—Larval mouthparts, labrum and clypeus.
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFDBA24EFC85CC2AFADBF9CA" box="[822,1384,1545,1567]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">
a—Andrion
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D43FFDBA24EFC05CC29FBFDF9CA" baseAuthorityName="Herbst" baseAuthorityYear="1794" box="[950,1102,1546,1567]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Andrion" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="regensteinense">regensteinense</taxonomicName>
, b—Charagmus
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D43FFDBA24EFB4CCC29FADBF9CA" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1792" box="[1279,1384,1546,1567]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Charagmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gressorius">gressorius</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, c—
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFDBA24EFF24CC0AFB62F9EB" box="[151,1233,1576,1598]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D43FFDBA24EFF24CC0AFED6F9EB" authorityName="Fahraeus" authorityYear="1840" box="[151,357,1576,1598]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Sitona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cylindricollis">Sitona cylindricollis</taxonomicName>
, d—S.
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D43FFDBA24EFE18CC0BFDA5F9EB" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1776" box="[427,534,1576,1598]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Sitona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hispidulus">hispidulus</taxonomicName>
, e—S.
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D43FFDBA24EFDE9CC0BFD1EF9EB" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[602,685,1576,1598]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Sitona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lineatus">lineatus</taxonomicName>
, f—S.
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D43FFDBA24EFD5ECC0BFCD2F9EB" baseAuthorityName="Marsham" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[749,865,1576,1598]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Sitona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macularius">macularius</taxonomicName>
, g—S.
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D43FFDBA24EFC14CC0BFBBAF9EB" baseAuthorityName="Gmelin" baseAuthorityYear="1790" box="[935,1033,1576,1598]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Sitona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obsoletus">obsoletus</taxonomicName>
, h—S.
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D43FFDBA24EFBFCCC0BFB7DF9EB" authorityName="Walton" authorityYear="1846" box="[1103,1230,1576,1598]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Sitona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="waterhousei">waterhousei</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Setae:
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFDBA24EFAA9CC0BFAFEF9EB" box="[1306,1357,1576,1598]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">cls—</emphasis>
clypeal,
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFDBA24EFF24CC65FF7BF989" box="[151,200,1606,1628]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">lrs—</emphasis>
labral,
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFDBA24EFEBDCC65FE87F989" box="[270,308,1606,1628]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">clss</emphasis>
—clypeal sensorium.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF436C0FFDBA24EFF74CCAAFB18F83E" blockId="9.[151,1438,1673,2031]" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFDBA24EFF74CCAAFEB6F977" bold="true" box="[199,261,1673,1698]" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">Head</emphasis>
. LIgHT bROWN, clOSe TO SUbOVAl, WIDTH: 0.700.80 MM, leNgTH: 0.550.65 MM; eNDOcARINA ReAcHeS 1/5 THe leNgTH OF FRONS (
<figureCitation id="13702A45FFDBA24EFEF7CC8DFE24F913" box="[324,407,1709,1734]" captionStart="FIGURES 5" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1939,1961]" captionTargetBox="[347,1252,193,1921]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[347,1252,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 5 (a h). 5 — Mature larva, head. a—Andrion regensteinense, b—Charagmus gressorius, c— Sitona cylindricollis, d—S. hispidulus, e—S. lineatus, f—S. macularius, g—S. obsoletus, h—S. waterhousei. Setae: des — dorsoepicranial, fs — frontal, les — lateroepicranial, pes — postepicranial, ves — ventral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/998324/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">FIg. 5D</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFDBA24EFE1BCC8DFE77F910" box="[424,452,1710,1733]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">Fs</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFDBA24EFE70CC9FFE78F91F" bold="true" box="[451,459,1724,1738]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">1</emphasis>
AND
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFDBA24EFE4DCC8DFDA3F913" box="[510,528,1710,1734]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">fs</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFDBA24EFDA2CC9FFDAAF91F" bold="true" box="[529,537,1724,1738]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">3</emphasis>
VeRY SHORT,
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFDBA24EFD2BCC8DFD19F913" box="[664,682,1710,1734]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">fs</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFDBA24EFD19CC9FFD01F91F" bold="true" box="[682,690,1724,1738]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">4</emphasis>
SlIgHTlY SHORTeR THAN
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFDBA24EFC24CC8DFC1AF913" box="[919,937,1710,1734]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">fs</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFDBA24EFC1ACC9FFC02F91F" bold="true" box="[937,945,1724,1738]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">5</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFDBA24EFC0ECC8DFC50F910" box="[957,995,1710,1733]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">Les</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFDBA24EFC50CC9FFC58F91F" bold="true" box="[995,1003,1724,1738]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">1</emphasis>
AND
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFDBA24EFBACCC8EFB8EF913" box="[1055,1085,1709,1734]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">les</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFDBA24EFB8ECC9FFBF6F91F" bold="true" box="[1085,1093,1724,1738]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">2</emphasis>
eQUAl IN leNgTH, SlIgHTlY SHORTeR THAN
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFDBA24EFF60CCF7FF44F938" box="[211,247,1748,1773]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">des</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFDBA24EFF4BCCC0FEB3F924" bold="true" box="[248,256,1763,1777]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">1</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFDBA24EFEA7CCF6FE85F939" box="[276,310,1749,1772]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">Ves</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFDBA24EFE8BCCC0FEFFF924" bold="true" box="[312,332,1763,1777]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">1-2</emphasis>
SHORT, POORlY DeVelOPeD. POSTePIcRANIAl AReA WITH 6
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFDBA24EFC09CCF6FC6DF939" box="[954,990,1749,1772]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">pes</emphasis>
. STeMMATA DeVelOPeD. ANTeNNAl bASAl MeMbRANOUS ARTIcle WITH 4 bASIcONIc SeNSIllAe. LAbRUM (
<figureCitation id="13702A45FFDBA24EFCA3CCD8FCD0F8C6" box="[784,867,1786,1811]" captionStart="FIGURES 6" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1545,1567]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,193,1524]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[340,1247,193,1524]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 6 (a h). 6 — Larval mouthparts, labrum and clypeus. a—Andrion regensteinense, b—Charagmus gressorius, c— Sitona cylindricollis, d—S. hispidulus, e—S. lineatus, f—S. macularius, g—S. obsoletus, h—S. waterhousei. Setae: cls— clypeal, lrs— labral, clss — clypeal sensorium." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/998326/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">FIg. 6D</figureCitation>
) APPROXIMATelY 3.0 TIMeS
<collectingCountry id="F35C7650FFDBA24EFB3ACCD8FB13F8C6" box="[1161,1184,1787,1811]" name="American Samoa" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">AS</collectingCountry>
WIDe
<collectingCountry id="F35C7650FFDBA24EFB54CCD8FB4DF8C6" box="[1255,1278,1787,1811]" name="American Samoa" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">AS</collectingCountry>
lONg; ANTeRIOR MARgIN SINUOUSlY eMARgINATeD; 2 PAIRS OF
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFDBA24EFDE8CD03FD34F8E2" box="[603,647,1824,1847]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">ams</emphasis>
, DIFFeReNT IN leNgTH (MeDIAN PAIRS HAlF THe leNgHT THAN lATeRAl) AND 3 PAIRS OF
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFDBA24EFF07CD61FF67F88E" box="[180,212,1858,1883]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">als</emphasis>
. LAbRAl RODS AlMOST PARAllel. ClYPeUS (
<figureCitation id="13702A45FFDBA24EFDC9CD60FD79F88E" box="[634,714,1858,1883]" captionStart="FIGURES 6" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1545,1567]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,193,1524]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[340,1247,193,1524]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 6 (a h). 6 — Larval mouthparts, labrum and clypeus. a—Andrion regensteinense, b—Charagmus gressorius, c— Sitona cylindricollis, d—S. hispidulus, e—S. lineatus, f—S. macularius, g—S. obsoletus, h—S. waterhousei. Setae: cls— clypeal, lrs— labral, clss — clypeal sensorium." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/998326/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">FIg. 6D</figureCitation>
) 3.5 TIMeS
<collectingCountry id="F35C7650FFDBA24EFCF2CD60FCEBF88E" box="[833,856,1859,1883]" name="American Samoa" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">AS</collectingCountry>
WIDe
<collectingCountry id="F35C7650FFDBA24EFC29CD60FC02F88E" box="[922,945,1859,1883]" name="American Samoa" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">AS</collectingCountry>
lONg; ANTeRIOR MARgIN SlIgHTlY cONVeX, lATeRAl MARgINS SINUOUSlY eMARgINATeD; MeDIAN FURROW ReAcHeS 1/2 THe leNgTH OF clYPeUS. EPIPHARYNX (
<figureCitation id="13702A45FFDBA24EFB12CD44FB41F8AA" box="[1185,1266,1895,1919]" captionStart="FIGURES 7" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1947,1969]" captionTargetBox="[290,1298,231,1910]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[259,1331,195,1927]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 7 (a h). 7 — Larval mouthparts, epipharynx. a—Andrion regensteinense, b—Charagmus gressorius, c— Sitona cylindricollis, d—S. hispidulus, e—S. lineatus, f—S. macularius, g—S. obsoletus, h—S. waterhousei. Setae: als— anterolateral, ams— anteromedial, mes— median." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/998328/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">FIg. 7D</figureCitation>
) WITH 3 PAIRS OF
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFDBA24EFF24CDA9FF04F876" box="[151,183,1930,1955]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">als</emphasis>
, 2 PAIRS OF
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFDBA24EFE8ACDAFFED6F876" box="[313,357,1932,1955]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">ams</emphasis>
AND 2 PAIRS OF
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFDBA24EFDA3CDAFFD88F876" box="[528,571,1932,1955]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">mes</emphasis>
. MANDIble WITH 2 ADDITIONAl TeeTH, ONe clOSe TO APeX, NeXT IN MIDDle. MAXIllA (
<figureCitation id="13702A45FFDBA24EFF2CCD8CFF5CF812" box="[159,239,1967,1991]" captionStart="FIGURES 8" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[149,1437,175,1909]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[149,1437,175,1909]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 8 (a h). 8 — Larval mouthparts, maxillolabial complex, ventral aspect. a—Andrion regensteinense, b—Charagmus gressorius, c— Sitona cylindricollis, d—S. hispidulus, e—S. lineatus, f—S. macularius, g—S. obsoletus, h—S. waterhousei. Setae: dms— dorsomalar, ligs— ligular, mxps— maxillary palp, mbs— malar basiventral, pfs— palpiferal, plbs— prelabial, pslbspostlabial, stps— stipal, vms— ventromalar." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/998330/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">FIg. 8D</figureCitation>
) WITH SHORT
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFDBA24EFEC3CD8DFE2FF812" box="[368,412,1966,1991]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">mbs</emphasis>
; bOTH PAlPOMeReS eQUAl IN leNgTH, bUT bASAl DISTINcTlY WIDeR THAN DISTAl. PRAelAbIUM TRIANgUlAR, WITH TWO PAIRS OF
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFDBA24EFEE4CDF1FECDF83E" box="[343,382,2002,2027]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">ligs</emphasis>
; bASAl PAlPOMeRe WIDeR THAN DISTAl;
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFDBA24EFCB9CDF1FC84F83E" box="[778,823,2002,2027]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">pslb</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B93FEAD2FFDBA24EFC8BCDC2FCF3F83A" bold="true" box="[824,832,2017,2031]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">3</emphasis>
SHORTeR THAN THe ReMAININg SeTAe.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>