810 lines
112 KiB
XML
810 lines
112 KiB
XML
<document id="6A30BE7EEF0E5593ED1D28EF8BB4C8B0" ID-CLB-Dataset="9320" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4894.3.6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e86e0a02-f2f1-4975-a4c4-58f87926b471" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4315926" ID-ZooBank="E38ECAF6-C41A-4BF3-8F00-7166E0A61FA1" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1607646459559" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Tsuyuki, Aoi, Oya, Yuki, Jimi, Naoto & Kajihara, Hiroshi" docDate="2020" docId="03E287BEC060934AFF27CAF2FB37D8AB" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4894.3.6.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4894 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Pericelis flavomarginata Tsuyuki & Oya & Jimi & Kajihara 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="411" masterDocId="FFDBFFC6C0639342FFB0C920FF90D906" masterDocTitle="Description of Pericelis flavomarginata sp. nov. (Polycladida: Cotylea) and its predatory behavior on a scaleworm" masterLastPageNumber="412" masterPageNumber="403" pageNumber="406" updateTime="1698847426206" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="5F0246F806756D3BE476FFA78B9DBDEE">Description of Pericelis flavomarginata sp. nov. (Polycladida: Cotylea) and its predatory behavior on a scaleworm</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="E734A575188D9C204D78BE35D0539E1F" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="A7404749C71DA25A206675C4A51940B9">Tsuyuki, Aoi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C1DA383D5FAAAEE27B5C7792D9207626">Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060 - 0810, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3FE07D86159E0B19D263B43468FF2B4E">Oya, Yuki</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="83A207B06C4D02DA8DE21F4C97D6DBAB">Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060 - 0810, Japan & yoya @ eis. hokudai. ac. jp; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6862 - 6868</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="013766927767E3F73B66857D0A7DFC10">Jimi, Naoto</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="AAC07D421876CCA041D212176FD19DC8">Bioscience group, National Institute of Polar Research, Tokyo 190 - 8518, Japan.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="7D093ABC7C5F5F319281B055372C4157">Kajihara, Hiroshi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2FC6387C2E8F03E845B1A602F6112704">Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060 - 0810, Japan.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="21814B32A50CA82CC36A9F7D73949607">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="A70037531163946A2A64AC58B7EB2DDB">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="1EC5678616AC750F26115C5BEB8D8B02">2020-12-10</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="7AFA3D764EA1BA3B9638FF3DD223884A">4894</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03E287BEC060934AFF27CAF2FB37D8AB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4323927" ID-GBIF-Taxon="176085062" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4323927" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E287BEC060934AFF27CAF2FB37D8AB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287BEC060934AFF27CAF2FB37D8AB" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="411" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">
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<subSubSection id="C3516523C0609341FF27CAF2FDEBDD17" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF436A8C0609341FF27CAF2FDB5DAEB" blockId="3.[151,635,978,1077]" box="[151,549,978,1005]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">
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<heading id="D0BC81C4C0609341FF27CAF2FDB5DAEB" bold="true" box="[151,549,978,1005]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0609341FF27CAF2FDB5DAEB" bold="true" box="[151,549,978,1005]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0609341FF27CAF2FE51DAEB" authority="Tsuyuki & Oya & Jimi & Kajihara, 2020" authorityName="Tsuyuki & Oya & Jimi & Kajihara" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,449,978,1005]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="flavomarginata" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0609341FF27CAF2FE51DAEB" bold="true" box="[151,449,978,1005]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Pericelis flavomarginata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20C57C1C0609341FE78CAF3FDB5DAEB" box="[456,549,979,1005]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF436A8C0609341FF27CAD7FDEBDD17" blockId="3.[151,635,978,1077]" box="[151,635,1014,1041]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">[New Japanese name: ĿŦẏǺṷ̕ṷx]</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3516523C0609341FF27CD3BFC54DD7B" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BF436A8C0609341FF27CD3BFE9BDD33" blockId="3.[151,635,978,1077]" box="[151,267,1051,1077]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13702A2DC0609341FF2FCD3BFE93DD33" box="[159,259,1051,1077]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStart-2="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="4.[151,250,1630,1654]" captionStartId-1="5.[151,250,1854,1878]" captionStartId-2="6.[151,250,1854,1878]" captionTargetBox-0="[153,1434,741,1607]" captionTargetBox-1="[166,1420,182,1829]" captionTargetBox-2="[154,1433,922,1830]" captionTargetId-0="figure-272@4.[153,1434,741,1607]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@5.[166,1421,181,1829]" captionTargetId-2="figure-367@6.[154,1433,921,1830]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionTargetPageId-2="6" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Pericelis flavomarginata sp. nov. Photographs of a living specimen (A–C) and a specimen after being cleared in xylene (D); sketch of eyespot distribution (E). A. ICHUM 6116 (holotype), entire animal, dorsal view. B. ICHUM 6116 (holotype), entire animal, ventral view. C. ICHUM 6122 (paratype), magnification of tentacles. D. ICHUM 6122 (paratype), magnification of anterior body. E. Cerebral, frontal, marginal, and tentacular eyespots distribution.Abbreviations: ce, cerebral eyespots; cg, cement glands; fe, frontal eyespots; me, marginal eyespots; ph, pharynx; t, marginal tentacles; te, tentacular eyespots. Scale bars: A, B, 5 mm; C–E, 1 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Pericelis flavomarginata sp. nov., ICHUM 6116 (holotype), schematic diagram (A) and photomicrographs of sagittal sections (B–F). A. Copulatory complex. B. Common gonopore of male and female atriums. C. Seminal vesicle. D. Penis papilla and female copulatory apparatus. E. Uterine vesicle. F. Sucker.Abbreviations: cg, cement glands; cog, common gonopore; cp, cement pouch; ed, ejaculatory duct; fa, female atrium; ma, male atrium; pp, penis papilla; spd, sperm duct; su, sucker; sv, seminal vesicle; uv, uterine vesicle; va, vagina. Scale bars: 300 μm." captionText-2="FIGURE 4. A. Freshly dead specimen of Iphione muricata (Savigny in Lamarck, 1818) (ICHUM 6123); arrowhead indicates a feeding scar made by P. flavomarginata sp. nov. B. Pericelis flavomarginata sp. nov. (ICHUM 6121, paratype), dorsal view, with an almost empty intestine. Scale bars: 1 cm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4315930" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4315932" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4315934" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4315930/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4315932/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/4315934/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Figs 2–4</figureCitation>
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)
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BF436A8C0609341FF27CD43FC54DD7B" blockId="3.[151,964,1122,1149]" box="[151,964,1122,1149]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">
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?
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<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0609341FF14CD43FE98DD7B" authorityName="Laidlaw" authorityYear="1902" box="[164,264,1123,1149]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0609341FF14CD43FE98DD7B" box="[164,264,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Pericelis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. 6
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B59C0609341FEFACD43FE5EDD7B" author="Ono, A." box="[330,462,1122,1149]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" refId="ref6192" refString="Ono, A. (2015) Flatworms Illustrated. Seibundoshinkosha, Tokyo, 223 pp. [in Japanese]" type="book" year="2015">Ono (2015)</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 71 [the Kerama Islands,
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<collectingRegion id="498FF84AC0609341FCB8CD43FCE0DD7B" box="[776,880,1123,1149]" country="Japan" name="Okinawa" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F35C7638C0609341FCCBCD42FC2EDD7B" box="[891,958,1122,1149]" name="Japan" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Japan</collectingCountry>
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]
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3516523C0609341FF27CD8BFEEFDC0B" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BF436A8C0609341FF27CD8BFEEFDC0B" blockId="3.[151,1437,1195,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">
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||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0609341FF27CD8BFE8EDDC3" bold="true" box="[151,286,1195,1221]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Etymology.</emphasis>
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The new specific name
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<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0609341FD82CD8BFD4EDDC3" authorityName="Tsuyuki & Oya & Jimi & Kajihara" authorityYear="2020" box="[562,734,1195,1221]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="flavomarginata">
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<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0609341FD82CD8BFD4EDDC3" box="[562,734,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">flavomarginata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0609341FD5FCD8BFC81DDC2" box="[751,785,1195,1220]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">-us</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0609341FC90CD8BFCE2DDC2" box="[800,882,1195,1220]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">-a, -um</emphasis>
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) is a compound adjective derived from the Latin
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<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0609341FF27CDEFFF4ADDEF" box="[151,218,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">flavus</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0609341FEA0CDEFFE1FDDEE" box="[272,399,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">marginatus</emphasis>
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, meaning “yellow-margined”. It was named after the dorsal surface of the body fringed with a lemon-yellow line.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3516523C0609341FF77CC36FF4FDE03" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BF436A8C0609341FF77CC36FDFFDFBB" blockId="3.[151,1437,1195,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">
|
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<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0609341FF77CC36FE24DC36" bold="true" box="[199,436,1302,1328]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
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<materialsCitation id="3B233CF5C0609341FE0FCC37FA8BDC7F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2995026314" collectingDate="2019-07-13" collectionCode="ICHUM" collectorName="D. Uyeno" country="Japan" elevation="15" latitude="31.4343" location="Nomaike" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="130.1212" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" specimenCode="ICHUM 6116" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kagoshima" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F0880AC0609341FE0FCC37FDBCDC37" box="[447,556,1303,1329]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBED9ED3C0609341FD8ACC37FD4CDC37" box="[570,732,1303,1329]" collectionCode="ICHUM" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/dk9x-54ca" name="Invertebrate Collection of the Hokkaido University Museum" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">ICHUM 6116</specimenCode>
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||
, sagittal sections of the reproductive organs (18 slides), and the rest of the body, unsectioned, preserved in 70% ethanol, collected by
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<collectorName id="26BE537EC0609341FC60CC1BFBAEDC53" box="[976,1086,1339,1365]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">D. Uyeno</collectorName>
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at
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<elevation id="0066D19BC0609341FBD1CC1BFA9ADC53" box="[1121,1290,1339,1365]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" unit="m" value="15.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="10.0">
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<quantity id="4CB39B4DC0609341FBD1CC1BFB54DC53" box="[1121,1220,1339,1365]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" unit="m" value="15.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="10.0">10–20 m</quantity>
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depth
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</elevation>
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||
off the coast of Kome-jima (or Yone-jima) (
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<geoCoordinate id="EE7F506FC0609341FE49CC7FFDE7DC7F" box="[505,631,1375,1401]" degrees="31.4343" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" precision="5" value="31.4343">31.4343°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE7F506FC0609341FD35CC7FFC9FDC7F" box="[645,783,1375,1401]" degrees="130.1212" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" precision="5" value="130.1212">130.1212°E</geoCoordinate>
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),
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<location id="8E946073C0609341FC94CC7FFC1EDC7F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E287BEC060934AFF27CAF2FB37D8AB:8E946073C0609341FC94CC7FFC1EDC7F" box="[804,910,1375,1401]" country="Japan" latitude="31.4343" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="130.1212" name="Nomaike" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" stateProvince="Kagoshima">Nomaike</location>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="498FF84AC0609341FC2BCC7FFB8DDC7F" box="[923,1053,1375,1401]" country="Japan" name="Kagoshima" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Kagoshima</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F35C7638C0609341FB9BCC7FFBFEDC7F" box="[1067,1134,1375,1401]" name="Japan" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Japan</collectingCountry>
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,
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<date id="FFF51068C0609341FBCBCC7FFA8BDC7F" box="[1147,1307,1375,1401]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" value="2019-07-13">
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<collectingDate id="EFB1E980C0609341FBCBCC7FFA8BDC7F" box="[1147,1307,1375,1401]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" value="2019-07-13">July 13, 2019</collectingDate>
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</date>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B233CF5C0609341FA98CC7FFBC9DCC7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2995026305" collectingDate="2016-09-06" collectionCode="ICHUM" collectorName="Y. Oya & Omura Beach" country="Japan" elevation="2" latitude="27.0934" location="Chichi-jima Island" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="142.1942" municipality="Ogasawara Islands" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" specimenCode="ICHUM 6117" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
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||
<typeStatus id="54F0880AC0609341FA98CC7FFA09DC7F" box="[1320,1433,1375,1401]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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:
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBED9ED3C0609341FF27CCA3FEAADC9B" box="[151,314,1411,1437]" collectionCode="ICHUM" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/dk9x-54ca" name="Invertebrate Collection of the Hokkaido University Museum" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">ICHUM 6117</specimenCode>
|
||
, sagittal sections (16 slides), collected by
|
||
<collectorName id="26BE537EC0609341FC9BCCA3FCEDDC9B" box="[811,893,1411,1437]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Y. Oya</collectorName>
|
||
at
|
||
<elevation id="0066D19BC0609341FC16CCA3FBAADC9B" box="[934,1082,1411,1437]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" unit="m" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">
|
||
<quantity id="4CB39B4DC0609341FC16CCA3FC61DC9B" box="[934,1009,1411,1437]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" unit="m" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2 m</quantity>
|
||
depth
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
of
|
||
<collectorName id="26BE537EC0609341FBD8CCA3FA97DC9B" box="[1128,1287,1411,1437]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Omura Beach</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7F506FC0609341FAA9CCA3FA08DC9B" box="[1305,1432,1411,1437]" degrees="27.0934" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" precision="5" value="27.0934">27.0934°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7F506FC0609341FF27CC87FEB1DCC7" box="[151,289,1447,1473]" degrees="142.1942" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" precision="5" value="142.1942">142.1942°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<location id="8E946073C0609341FE86CC87FD9DDCC7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E287BEC060934AFF27CAF2FB37D8AB:8E946073C0609341FE86CC87FD9DDCC7" box="[310,525,1447,1473]" country="Japan" latitude="27.0934" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="142.1942" municipality="Ogasawara Islands" name="Chichi-jima Island" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Chichi-jima Island</location>
|
||
, the
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B90ACD2C0609341FDF7CC87FC8FDCC7" box="[583,799,1447,1473]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Ogasawara Islands</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35C7638C0609341FC9DCC87FCE0DCC7" box="[813,880,1447,1473]" name="Japan" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFF51068C0609341FCCDCC87FBC9DCC7" box="[893,1113,1447,1473]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" value="2016-09-06">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFB1E980C0609341FCCDCC87FBC9DCC7" box="[893,1113,1447,1473]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" value="2016-09-06">September 6, 2016</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B233CF5C0609341FBD6CC87FC8BDF0F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2995026304" collectingDate="2018-07-26" collectionCode="ICHUM" collectorName="Y. Oya & A. Tsuyuki" country="Japan" elevation="13" latitude="31.2541" location="Bonotsu" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="130.215" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" specimenCode="ICHUM 6118" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kagoshima" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBED9ED3C0609341FBD6CC87FA97DCC7" box="[1126,1287,1447,1473]" collectionCode="ICHUM" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/dk9x-54ca" name="Invertebrate Collection of the Hokkaido University Museum" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">ICHUM 6118</specimenCode>
|
||
, sagittal sections (8 slides), collected by
|
||
<collectorName id="26BE537EC0609341FE54CCEBFDA4DCE3" box="[484,564,1483,1509]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Y. Oya</collectorName>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectorName id="26BE537EC0609341FDDDCCEBFD7BDCE3" box="[621,747,1483,1509]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">A. Tsuyuki</collectorName>
|
||
at
|
||
<elevation id="0066D19BC0609341FCA2CCEAFC2EDCE3" box="[786,958,1482,1509]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" unit="m" value="12.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="10.0">
|
||
<quantity id="4CB39B4DC0609341FCA2CCEAFCE7DCE3" box="[786,887,1482,1509]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" unit="m" value="12.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="10.0">10–15 m</quantity>
|
||
depth
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
off the coast of
|
||
<collectorName id="26BE537EC0609341FB31CCEBFA98DCE3" box="[1153,1288,1483,1509]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Bonomisaki</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7F506FC0609341FAA9CCEAFA08DCE3" box="[1305,1432,1482,1509]" degrees="31.2541" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" precision="5" value="31.2541">31.2541°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7F506FC0609341FF27CCCEFEB1DF0F" box="[151,289,1518,1545]" degrees="130.2150" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" precision="5" value="130.215">130.2150°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<location id="8E946073C0609341FE85CCCFFE05DF0F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E287BEC060934AFF27CAF2FB37D8AB:8E946073C0609341FE85CCCFFE05DF0F" box="[309,405,1519,1545]" country="Japan" latitude="31.2541" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="130.215" name="Bonotsu" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" stateProvince="Kagoshima">Bonotsu</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498FF84AC0609341FE11CCCFFDB3DF0F" box="[417,547,1519,1545]" country="Japan" name="Kagoshima" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Kagoshima</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35C7638C0609341FD80CCCFFDE3DF0F" box="[560,627,1519,1545]" name="Japan" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFF51068C0609341FDCECCCFFC8BDF0F" box="[638,795,1519,1545]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" value="2018-07-26">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFB1E980C0609341FDCECCCFFC8BDF0F" box="[638,795,1519,1545]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" value="2018-07-26">July 26, 2018</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B233CF5C0609341FC98CCCFFF43DF57" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2995026301" collectingDate="2020-01-26" collectionCode="ICHUM" collectorName="N. Jimi & Koganezaki Beach" country="Japan" elevation="12" latitude="34.8431" location="Koganezaki" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="138.7625" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" specimenCode="ICHUM 6119" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Shizuoka" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBED9ED3C0609341FC98CCCFFC57DF0F" box="[808,967,1519,1545]" collectionCode="ICHUM" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/dk9x-54ca" name="Invertebrate Collection of the Hokkaido University Museum" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">ICHUM 6119</specimenCode>
|
||
, sagittal sections (14 slides), collected by
|
||
<collectorName id="26BE537EC0609341FF27CF33FF7ADF2B" box="[151,234,1555,1581]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">N. Jimi</collectorName>
|
||
at
|
||
<elevation id="0066D19BC0609341FEBECF33FE1EDF2B" box="[270,398,1555,1581]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" unit="m" value="12.0">
|
||
<quantity id="4CB39B4DC0609341FEBECF33FED8DF2B" box="[270,328,1555,1581]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" unit="m" value="12.0">12 m</quantity>
|
||
depth
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
of
|
||
<collectorName id="26BE537EC0609341FE05CF33FD18DF2B" box="[437,648,1555,1581]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Koganezaki Beach</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7F506FC0609341FD28CF33FC87DF2B" box="[664,791,1555,1581]" degrees="34.8431" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" precision="5" value="34.8431">34.8431°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7F506FC0609341FC93CF32FC3CDF2B" box="[803,940,1554,1581]" degrees="138.7625" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" precision="5" value="138.7625">138.7625°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<location id="8E946073C0609341FC70CF33FBD9DF2B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E287BEC060934AFF27CAF2FB37D8AB:8E946073C0609341FC70CF33FBD9DF2B" box="[960,1097,1555,1581]" country="Japan" latitude="34.8431" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="138.7625" name="Koganezaki" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" stateProvince="Shizuoka">Koganezaki</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498FF84AC0609341FBE5CF33FB50DF2B" box="[1109,1216,1555,1581]" country="Japan" name="Shizuoka" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Shizuoka</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35C7638C0609341FB7CCF33FA9FDF2B" box="[1228,1295,1555,1581]" name="Japan" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFF51068C0609341FAAACF33FF43DF57" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" value="2020-01-26">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFB1E980C0609341FAAACF33FF43DF57" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" value="2020-01-26">January 26, 2020</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B233CF5C0609341FF52CF17FDEDDF73" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2995026312" collectingDate="2019-07-12" collectionCode="ICHUM" collectorName="Shiogaura" country="Japan" latitude="31.2547" location="Bonotsu" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="130.233" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" specimenCode="ICHUM 6120" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kagoshima" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBED9ED3C0609341FF52CF17FE15DF57" box="[226,389,1591,1617]" collectionCode="ICHUM" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/dk9x-54ca" name="Invertebrate Collection of the Hokkaido University Museum" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">ICHUM 6120</specimenCode>
|
||
, unsectioned, preserved in 70% ethanol, collected in
|
||
<collectorName id="26BE537EC0609341FC45CF17FBF7DF57" box="[1013,1127,1591,1617]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Shiogaura</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7F506FC0609341FBC9CF16FB67DF57" box="[1145,1271,1590,1617]" degrees="31.2547" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" precision="5" value="31.2547">31.2547°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7F506FC0609341FAB7CF17FA00DF57" box="[1287,1424,1591,1617]" degrees="130.2330" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" precision="5" value="130.233">130.2330°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<location id="8E946073C0609341FF27CF7BFF67DF73" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E287BEC060934AFF27CAF2FB37D8AB:8E946073C0609341FF27CF7BFF67DF73" box="[151,247,1627,1653]" country="Japan" latitude="31.2547" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="130.233" name="Bonotsu" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" stateProvince="Kagoshima">Bonotsu</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498FF84AC0609341FEB4CF7BFE16DF73" box="[260,390,1627,1653]" country="Japan" name="Kagoshima" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Kagoshima</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35C7638C0609341FE22CF7BFE45DF73" box="[402,469,1627,1653]" name="Japan" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFF51068C0609341FE51CF7BFDEDDF73" box="[481,637,1627,1653]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" value="2019-07-12">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFB1E980C0609341FE51CF7BFDEDDF73" box="[481,637,1627,1653]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" value="2019-07-12">July 12, 2019</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B233CF5C0609341FD3ACF7BFF71DF9F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2995026309" collectingDate="2019-07-13" collectionCode="ICHUM" collectorName="D. Uyeno" country="Japan" elevation="15" latitude="31.4343" location="Nomaike" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="130.1212" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" specimenCode="ICHUM 6121" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kagoshima" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBED9ED3C0609341FD3ACF7BFCBBDF73" box="[650,811,1627,1653]" collectionCode="ICHUM" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/dk9x-54ca" name="Invertebrate Collection of the Hokkaido University Museum" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">ICHUM 6121</specimenCode>
|
||
, sagittal sections (9 slides), collection data same as holotype
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B233CF5C0609341FF5ECF5FFDFCDFBB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2995026306" collectingDate="2019-07-06" collectionCode="ICHUM" collectorName="Shiogaura" country="Japan" latitude="31.2547" location="Bonotsu" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="130.233" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" specimenCode="ICHUM 6122" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kagoshima" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBED9ED3C0609341FF5ECF5FFE00DF9F" box="[238,400,1663,1689]" collectionCode="ICHUM" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/dk9x-54ca" name="Invertebrate Collection of the Hokkaido University Museum" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">ICHUM 6122</specimenCode>
|
||
, unsectioned, preserved in 70% ethanol, collected in
|
||
<collectorName id="26BE537EC0609341FC47CF5FFBF9DF9F" box="[1015,1129,1663,1689]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Shiogaura</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7F506FC0609341FBCACF5EFB68DF9F" box="[1146,1272,1662,1689]" degrees="31.2547" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" precision="5" value="31.2547">31.2547°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7F506FC0609341FAB7CF5FFA00DF9F" box="[1287,1424,1663,1689]" degrees="130.2330" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" precision="5" value="130.233">130.2330°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<location id="8E946073C0609341FF27CF83FF67DFBB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E287BEC060934AFF27CAF2FB37D8AB:8E946073C0609341FF27CF83FF67DFBB" box="[151,247,1699,1725]" country="Japan" latitude="31.2547" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="130.233" name="Bonotsu" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" stateProvince="Kagoshima">Bonotsu</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498FF84AC0609341FEB3CF83FE15DFBB" box="[259,389,1699,1725]" country="Japan" name="Kagoshima" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Kagoshima</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35C7638C0609341FE20CF83FE43DFBB" box="[400,467,1699,1725]" name="Japan" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFF51068C0609341FE6ECF83FDFCDFBB" box="[478,620,1699,1725]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" value="2019-07-06">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFB1E980C0609341FE6ECF83FDFCDFBB" box="[478,620,1699,1725]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" value="2019-07-06">July 6, 2019</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF436A8C0609341FF77CFE7FF4FDE03" blockId="3.[151,1437,1195,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B233CF5C0609341FF77CFE7FF4ADE03" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2995026307" country="Japan" latitude="31.4343" location="Nomaike" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="130.1212" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kagoshima" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0609341FF77CFE7FEF8DFE6" bold="true" box="[199,360,1734,1761]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F0880AC0609341FF77CFE7FE92DFE7" box="[199,258,1735,1761]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Off the coast of Kome-jima (or Yone-jima) (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7F506FC0609341FCC3CFE7FC61DFE7" box="[883,1009,1735,1761]" degrees="31.4343" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" precision="5" value="31.4343">31.4343°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7F506FC0609341FC4FCFE7FB19DFE7" box="[1023,1161,1735,1761]" degrees="130.1212" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" precision="5" value="130.1212">130.1212°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<location id="8E946073C0609341FB2FCFE7FA99DFE7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E287BEC060934AFF27CAF2FB37D8AB:8E946073C0609341FB2FCFE7FA99DFE7" box="[1183,1289,1735,1761]" country="Japan" latitude="31.4343" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="130.1212" name="Nomaike" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" stateProvince="Kagoshima">Nomaike</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498FF84AC0609341FAA6CFE7FA08DFE7" box="[1302,1432,1735,1761]" country="Japan" name="Kagoshima" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Kagoshima</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35C7638C0609341FF27CFCBFF4ADE03" box="[151,218,1771,1797]" name="Japan" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3516523C0609346FF77CE2EFE92DBCB" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="407" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF436A8C0609346FF77CE2EFE92DBCB" blockId="3.[151,1437,1195,2013]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,151,717]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="407" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0609341FF77CE2EFEC9DE2E" bold="true" box="[199,345,1806,1832]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Body elongated oval, slightly tapered posteriorly,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB39B4DC0609341FC14CE2FFBB0DE2F" box="[932,1056,1807,1833]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" metricValueMax="4.8" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" unit="mm" value="39.0" valueMax="48.0" valueMin="30.0">30–48 mm</quantity>
|
||
long (
|
||
<quantity id="4CB39B4DC0609341FBDDCE2EFB45DE2F" box="[1133,1237,1806,1833]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" unit="mm" value="32.5">32.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F0880AC0609341FB4FCE2FFAF3DE2C" box="[1279,1379,1807,1834]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
) and
|
||
<quantity id="4CB39B4DC0609341FF27CE12FE81DE4B" box="[151,273,1842,1869]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.35" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" unit="mm" value="23.5" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="12.0">12–35 mm</quantity>
|
||
maximum wide (
|
||
<quantity id="4CB39B4DC0609341FE6ACE12FDBBDE4B" box="[474,555,1842,1869]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F0880AC0609341FDE0CE13FD24DE48" box="[592,692,1843,1870]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
) in living state (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13702A2DC0609341FCDFCE13FC7BDE4B" box="[879,1003,1843,1869]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1630,1654]" captionTargetBox="[153,1434,741,1607]" captionTargetId="figure-272@4.[153,1434,741,1607]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Pericelis flavomarginata sp. nov. Photographs of a living specimen (A–C) and a specimen after being cleared in xylene (D); sketch of eyespot distribution (E). A. ICHUM 6116 (holotype), entire animal, dorsal view. B. ICHUM 6116 (holotype), entire animal, ventral view. C. ICHUM 6122 (paratype), magnification of tentacles. D. ICHUM 6122 (paratype), magnification of anterior body. E. Cerebral, frontal, marginal, and tentacular eyespots distribution.Abbreviations: ce, cerebral eyespots; cg, cement glands; fe, frontal eyespots; me, marginal eyespots; ph, pharynx; t, marginal tentacles; te, tentacular eyespots. Scale bars: A, B, 5 mm; C–E, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4315930" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4315930/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Fig. 2A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
); body margin slightly ruffled. Pair of marginal tentacles apparent; tip of tentacles extending and tapering (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13702A2DC0609341FC2FCE77FC69DE77" box="[927,1017,1879,1905]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1630,1654]" captionTargetBox="[153,1434,741,1607]" captionTargetId="figure-272@4.[153,1434,741,1607]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Pericelis flavomarginata sp. nov. Photographs of a living specimen (A–C) and a specimen after being cleared in xylene (D); sketch of eyespot distribution (E). A. ICHUM 6116 (holotype), entire animal, dorsal view. B. ICHUM 6116 (holotype), entire animal, ventral view. C. ICHUM 6122 (paratype), magnification of tentacles. D. ICHUM 6122 (paratype), magnification of anterior body. E. Cerebral, frontal, marginal, and tentacular eyespots distribution.Abbreviations: ce, cerebral eyespots; cg, cement glands; fe, frontal eyespots; me, marginal eyespots; ph, pharynx; t, marginal tentacles; te, tentacular eyespots. Scale bars: A, B, 5 mm; C–E, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4315930" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4315930/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Dorsal surface smooth, translucent, fringed with lemon-yellow line except for translucent tip of marginal tentacle; narrow brown midline extending from anterior edge of body to posterior end of pharynx. Ventral surface translucent, without color pattern. Cerebral eyespots in two elongated clusters, lateral to middorsal brown band (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13702A2DC0609341FC52CEE3FBF0DEDB" box="[994,1120,1987,2013]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1630,1654]" captionTargetBox="[153,1434,741,1607]" captionTargetId="figure-272@4.[153,1434,741,1607]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Pericelis flavomarginata sp. nov. Photographs of a living specimen (A–C) and a specimen after being cleared in xylene (D); sketch of eyespot distribution (E). A. ICHUM 6116 (holotype), entire animal, dorsal view. B. ICHUM 6116 (holotype), entire animal, ventral view. C. ICHUM 6122 (paratype), magnification of tentacles. D. ICHUM 6122 (paratype), magnification of anterior body. E. Cerebral, frontal, marginal, and tentacular eyespots distribution.Abbreviations: ce, cerebral eyespots; cg, cement glands; fe, frontal eyespots; me, marginal eyespots; ph, pharynx; t, marginal tentacles; te, tentacular eyespots. Scale bars: A, B, 5 mm; C–E, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4315930" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4315930/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Fig. 2D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Frontal eyespots scattered between tentacles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13702A2DC0679346FEC2C9B7FE60D9B7" box="[370,496,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1630,1654]" captionTargetBox="[153,1434,741,1607]" captionTargetId="figure-272@4.[153,1434,741,1607]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Pericelis flavomarginata sp. nov. Photographs of a living specimen (A–C) and a specimen after being cleared in xylene (D); sketch of eyespot distribution (E). A. ICHUM 6116 (holotype), entire animal, dorsal view. B. ICHUM 6116 (holotype), entire animal, ventral view. C. ICHUM 6122 (paratype), magnification of tentacles. D. ICHUM 6122 (paratype), magnification of anterior body. E. Cerebral, frontal, marginal, and tentacular eyespots distribution.Abbreviations: ce, cerebral eyespots; cg, cement glands; fe, frontal eyespots; me, marginal eyespots; ph, pharynx; t, marginal tentacles; te, tentacular eyespots. Scale bars: A, B, 5 mm; C–E, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4315930" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4315930/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="407">Fig. 2D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Tentacular eyespots abundant at tip, scattered posteriorly (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13702A2DC0679346FB12C9B7FAB0D9B7" box="[1186,1312,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1630,1654]" captionTargetBox="[153,1434,741,1607]" captionTargetId="figure-272@4.[153,1434,741,1607]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Pericelis flavomarginata sp. nov. Photographs of a living specimen (A–C) and a specimen after being cleared in xylene (D); sketch of eyespot distribution (E). A. ICHUM 6116 (holotype), entire animal, dorsal view. B. ICHUM 6116 (holotype), entire animal, ventral view. C. ICHUM 6122 (paratype), magnification of tentacles. D. ICHUM 6122 (paratype), magnification of anterior body. E. Cerebral, frontal, marginal, and tentacular eyespots distribution.Abbreviations: ce, cerebral eyespots; cg, cement glands; fe, frontal eyespots; me, marginal eyespots; ph, pharynx; t, marginal tentacles; te, tentacular eyespots. Scale bars: A, B, 5 mm; C–E, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4315930" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4315930/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="407">Fig. 2D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Marginal eyespots in single band, completely encircling body. Intestine highly branched, not anastomosing. Pharynx ruffled, elongated, half of body length, situated on body center (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13702A2DC0679346FCBEC9FFFCF6D9FF" box="[782,870,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1630,1654]" captionTargetBox="[153,1434,741,1607]" captionTargetId="figure-272@4.[153,1434,741,1607]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Pericelis flavomarginata sp. nov. Photographs of a living specimen (A–C) and a specimen after being cleared in xylene (D); sketch of eyespot distribution (E). A. ICHUM 6116 (holotype), entire animal, dorsal view. B. ICHUM 6116 (holotype), entire animal, ventral view. C. ICHUM 6122 (paratype), magnification of tentacles. D. ICHUM 6122 (paratype), magnification of anterior body. E. Cerebral, frontal, marginal, and tentacular eyespots distribution.Abbreviations: ce, cerebral eyespots; cg, cement glands; fe, frontal eyespots; me, marginal eyespots; ph, pharynx; t, marginal tentacles; te, tentacular eyespots. Scale bars: A, B, 5 mm; C–E, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4315930" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4315930/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="407">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498FF84AC0679346FCCBC9FFFC25D9FF" box="[891,949,223,249]" country="Maldives" name="Maale" pageId="4" pageNumber="407">Male</collectingRegion>
|
||
and female gonopores opening in common behind posterior end of pharynx (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13702A2DC0679346FDA7C823FD04D81B" box="[535,660,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1854,1878]" captionTargetBox="[166,1420,182,1829]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[166,1421,181,1829]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Pericelis flavomarginata sp. nov., ICHUM 6116 (holotype), schematic diagram (A) and photomicrographs of sagittal sections (B–F). A. Copulatory complex. B. Common gonopore of male and female atriums. C. Seminal vesicle. D. Penis papilla and female copulatory apparatus. E. Uterine vesicle. F. Sucker.Abbreviations: cg, cement glands; cog, common gonopore; cp, cement pouch; ed, ejaculatory duct; fa, female atrium; ma, male atrium; pp, penis papilla; spd, sperm duct; su, sucker; sv, seminal vesicle; uv, uterine vesicle; va, vagina. Scale bars: 300 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4315932" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4315932/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="407">Fig. 3A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498FF84AC0679346FD1BC823FD75D81B" box="[683,741,259,285]" country="Maldives" name="Maale" pageId="4" pageNumber="407">Male</collectingRegion>
|
||
copulatory apparatus consisting of large seminal vesicle and unarmed penis papilla (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13702A2DC0679346FE10C807FE6BD847" box="[416,507,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1854,1878]" captionTargetBox="[166,1420,182,1829]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[166,1421,181,1829]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Pericelis flavomarginata sp. nov., ICHUM 6116 (holotype), schematic diagram (A) and photomicrographs of sagittal sections (B–F). A. Copulatory complex. B. Common gonopore of male and female atriums. C. Seminal vesicle. D. Penis papilla and female copulatory apparatus. E. Uterine vesicle. F. Sucker.Abbreviations: cg, cement glands; cog, common gonopore; cp, cement pouch; ed, ejaculatory duct; fa, female atrium; ma, male atrium; pp, penis papilla; spd, sperm duct; su, sucker; sv, seminal vesicle; uv, uterine vesicle; va, vagina. Scale bars: 300 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4315932" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4315932/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="407">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pair of sperm ducts entering laterally into seminal vesicle at point being close to proximal end of ejaculatory duct. Spermiducal bulb absent. Seminal vesicle oval, coated with thick muscular wall, narrowing posteriorly and opening into ejaculatory duct (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13702A2DC0679346FCA3C84FFC1DD88F" box="[787,909,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1854,1878]" captionTargetBox="[166,1420,182,1829]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[166,1421,181,1829]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Pericelis flavomarginata sp. nov., ICHUM 6116 (holotype), schematic diagram (A) and photomicrographs of sagittal sections (B–F). A. Copulatory complex. B. Common gonopore of male and female atriums. C. Seminal vesicle. D. Penis papilla and female copulatory apparatus. E. Uterine vesicle. F. Sucker.Abbreviations: cg, cement glands; cog, common gonopore; cp, cement pouch; ed, ejaculatory duct; fa, female atrium; ma, male atrium; pp, penis papilla; spd, sperm duct; su, sucker; sv, seminal vesicle; uv, uterine vesicle; va, vagina. Scale bars: 300 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4315932" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4315932/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="407">Fig. 3A, C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Without prostatoid organs or prostatic glands. Ejaculatory duct narrow, curving downward before entering penis papilla (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13702A2DC0679346FC6FC8B3FBA9D8AB" box="[991,1081,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1854,1878]" captionTargetBox="[166,1420,182,1829]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[166,1421,181,1829]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Pericelis flavomarginata sp. nov., ICHUM 6116 (holotype), schematic diagram (A) and photomicrographs of sagittal sections (B–F). A. Copulatory complex. B. Common gonopore of male and female atriums. C. Seminal vesicle. D. Penis papilla and female copulatory apparatus. E. Uterine vesicle. F. Sucker.Abbreviations: cg, cement glands; cog, common gonopore; cp, cement pouch; ed, ejaculatory duct; fa, female atrium; ma, male atrium; pp, penis papilla; spd, sperm duct; su, sucker; sv, seminal vesicle; uv, uterine vesicle; va, vagina. Scale bars: 300 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4315932" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4315932/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="407">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Penis papilla elongate conical unarmed, protruding into long narrow male atrium; former occupying about half of length of latter; both lined with muscularized epithelium (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13702A2DC0679346FE0CC8FBFDCDD8F3" box="[444,605,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1854,1878]" captionTargetBox="[166,1420,182,1829]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[166,1421,181,1829]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Pericelis flavomarginata sp. nov., ICHUM 6116 (holotype), schematic diagram (A) and photomicrographs of sagittal sections (B–F). A. Copulatory complex. B. Common gonopore of male and female atriums. C. Seminal vesicle. D. Penis papilla and female copulatory apparatus. E. Uterine vesicle. F. Sucker.Abbreviations: cg, cement glands; cog, common gonopore; cp, cement pouch; ed, ejaculatory duct; fa, female atrium; ma, male atrium; pp, penis papilla; spd, sperm duct; su, sucker; sv, seminal vesicle; uv, uterine vesicle; va, vagina. Scale bars: 300 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4315932" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4315932/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="407">Fig. 3A, B, D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498FF84AC0679346FDC1C8FBFD3BD8F3" box="[625,683,475,501]" country="Maldives" name="Maale" pageId="4" pageNumber="407">Male</collectingRegion>
|
||
and female atriums opening to short common atrium and to broad common gonopore (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13702A2DC0679346FEC7C8DFFE7DDB1F" box="[375,493,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1854,1878]" captionTargetBox="[166,1420,182,1829]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[166,1421,181,1829]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Pericelis flavomarginata sp. nov., ICHUM 6116 (holotype), schematic diagram (A) and photomicrographs of sagittal sections (B–F). A. Copulatory complex. B. Common gonopore of male and female atriums. C. Seminal vesicle. D. Penis papilla and female copulatory apparatus. E. Uterine vesicle. F. Sucker.Abbreviations: cg, cement glands; cog, common gonopore; cp, cement pouch; ed, ejaculatory duct; fa, female atrium; ma, male atrium; pp, penis papilla; spd, sperm duct; su, sucker; sv, seminal vesicle; uv, uterine vesicle; va, vagina. Scale bars: 300 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4315932" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4315932/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="407">Fig. 3A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Female copulatory apparatus behind level of male atrium. Cement glands surrounding female copulatory apparatus and extending anterior up to level of seminal vesicle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13702A2DC0679346FBD8CB03FB39DB3B" box="[1128,1193,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1854,1878]" captionTargetBox="[166,1420,182,1829]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[166,1421,181,1829]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Pericelis flavomarginata sp. nov., ICHUM 6116 (holotype), schematic diagram (A) and photomicrographs of sagittal sections (B–F). A. Copulatory complex. B. Common gonopore of male and female atriums. C. Seminal vesicle. D. Penis papilla and female copulatory apparatus. E. Uterine vesicle. F. Sucker.Abbreviations: cg, cement glands; cog, common gonopore; cp, cement pouch; ed, ejaculatory duct; fa, female atrium; ma, male atrium; pp, penis papilla; spd, sperm duct; su, sucker; sv, seminal vesicle; uv, uterine vesicle; va, vagina. Scale bars: 300 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4315932" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4315932/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="407">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
A–D). Cement pouch apparent (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13702A2DC0679346FEB8CB67FE39DB67" box="[264,425,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1854,1878]" captionTargetBox="[166,1420,182,1829]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[166,1421,181,1829]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Pericelis flavomarginata sp. nov., ICHUM 6116 (holotype), schematic diagram (A) and photomicrographs of sagittal sections (B–F). A. Copulatory complex. B. Common gonopore of male and female atriums. C. Seminal vesicle. D. Penis papilla and female copulatory apparatus. E. Uterine vesicle. F. Sucker.Abbreviations: cg, cement glands; cog, common gonopore; cp, cement pouch; ed, ejaculatory duct; fa, female atrium; ma, male atrium; pp, penis papilla; spd, sperm duct; su, sucker; sv, seminal vesicle; uv, uterine vesicle; va, vagina. Scale bars: 300 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4315932" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4315932/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="407">Fig. 3A, B, D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Vagina curving posteriorly, leading to pair of oviducts; each oviduct running anteriorly, with 4–5 uterine vesicles; posterior-most being largest, arranged posterior to female gonopore (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13702A2DC0679346FB50CB4BFAAADB83" box="[1248,1338,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1854,1878]" captionTargetBox="[166,1420,182,1829]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[166,1421,181,1829]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Pericelis flavomarginata sp. nov., ICHUM 6116 (holotype), schematic diagram (A) and photomicrographs of sagittal sections (B–F). A. Copulatory complex. B. Common gonopore of male and female atriums. C. Seminal vesicle. D. Penis papilla and female copulatory apparatus. E. Uterine vesicle. F. Sucker.Abbreviations: cg, cement glands; cog, common gonopore; cp, cement pouch; ed, ejaculatory duct; fa, female atrium; ma, male atrium; pp, penis papilla; spd, sperm duct; su, sucker; sv, seminal vesicle; uv, uterine vesicle; va, vagina. Scale bars: 300 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4315932" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4315932/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="407">Fig. 3E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Lang’s vesicle absent. Sucker well developed, situated in posterior to female copulatory apparatus, near distal end of body (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13702A2DC0679346FF10CB93FF65DBCB" box="[160,245,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1854,1878]" captionTargetBox="[166,1420,182,1829]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[166,1421,181,1829]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Pericelis flavomarginata sp. nov., ICHUM 6116 (holotype), schematic diagram (A) and photomicrographs of sagittal sections (B–F). A. Copulatory complex. B. Common gonopore of male and female atriums. C. Seminal vesicle. D. Penis papilla and female copulatory apparatus. E. Uterine vesicle. F. Sucker.Abbreviations: cg, cement glands; cog, common gonopore; cp, cement pouch; ed, ejaculatory duct; fa, female atrium; ma, male atrium; pp, penis papilla; spd, sperm duct; su, sucker; sv, seminal vesicle; uv, uterine vesicle; va, vagina. Scale bars: 300 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4315932" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4315932/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="407">Fig. 3F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF346620C0679346FF27CF7EFE5DDE2C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4315930" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4315930" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4315930/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="407" startId="4.[151,250,1630,1654]" targetBox="[153,1434,741,1607]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF436A8C0679346FF27CF7EFE5DDE2C" blockId="4.[151,1436,1630,1835]" pageId="4" pageNumber="407">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0679346FF27CF7EFE84DF70" bold="true" box="[151,276,1630,1654]" pageId="4" pageNumber="407">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0679346FEABCF7EFD87DF70" authority="Tsuyuki & Oya & Jimi & Kajihara, 2020" authorityName="Tsuyuki & Oya & Jimi & Kajihara" authorityYear="2020" box="[283,535,1630,1654]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="4" pageNumber="407" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="flavomarginata" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0679346FEABCF7EFD87DF70" box="[283,535,1630,1654]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="407">Pericelis flavomarginata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0679346FDAFCF7EFDE0DF70" bold="true" box="[543,624,1630,1654]" pageId="4" pageNumber="407">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20C57C1C0679346FDAFCF7EFDE0DF70" box="[543,624,1630,1654]" pageId="4" pageNumber="407" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Photographs of a living specimen (A–C) and a specimen after being cleared in xylene (D); sketch of eyespot distribution (E). A. ICHUM 6116 (holotype), entire animal, dorsal view. B. ICHUM 6116 (holotype), entire animal, ventral view. C. ICHUM 6122 (paratype), magnification of tentacles. D. ICHUM 6122 (paratype), magnification of anterior body. E. Cerebral, frontal, marginal, and tentacular eyespots distribution. Abbreviations: ce, cerebral eyespots; cg, cement glands; fe, frontal eyespots; me, marginal eyespots; ph, pharynx; t, marginal tentacles; te, tentacular eyespots. Scale bars: A, B, 5 mm; C–E, 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3516523C0679346FF77CE78FB60DED8" pageId="4" pageNumber="407" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF436A8C0679346FF77CE78FE0FDEBD" blockId="4.[151,1436,1880,1979]" pageId="4" pageNumber="407">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0679346FF77CE78FEF1DE74" bold="true" box="[199,353,1880,1906]" pageId="4" pageNumber="407">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Our materials were distributed in Koganezaki (
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498FF84AC0679346FCCCCE78FC7ADE75" box="[892,1002,1880,1907]" country="Japan" name="Shizuoka" pageId="4" pageNumber="407">Shizuoka</collectingRegion>
|
||
), Nomaike and Bonotsu (
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498FF84AC0679346FABBCE78FA01DE75" box="[1291,1425,1880,1907]" country="Japan" name="Kagoshima" pageId="4" pageNumber="407">Kagoshima</collectingRegion>
|
||
), Chichi-jima Island (Ogasawara,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498FF84AC0679346FDB4CE5CFDC0DE91" box="[516,592,1916,1943]" country="Japan" name="Tokyo" pageId="4" pageNumber="407">Tokyo</collectingRegion>
|
||
). A similar-looking specimen has been confirmed from the Kerama Islands (
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498FF84AC0679346FF2FCE80FE98DEBD" box="[159,264,1952,1979]" country="Japan" name="Okinawa" pageId="4" pageNumber="407">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B59C0679346FEAECE81FE03DEBD" author="Ono, A." box="[286,403,1952,1979]" pageId="4" pageNumber="407" refId="ref6192" refString="Ono, A. (2015) Flatworms Illustrated. Seibundoshinkosha, Tokyo, 223 pp. [in Japanese]" type="book" year="2015">Ono 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF436A8C0679346FF77CEE4FB60DED8" blockId="4.[199,1264,1988,2015]" box="[199,1264,1988,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="407">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0679346FF77CEE4FEBADED8" bold="true" box="[199,298,1988,2014]" pageId="4" pageNumber="407">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
So far confirmed under rocks in the intertidal and subtidal zones down to
|
||
<quantity id="4CB39B4DC0679346FBDACEE5FB33DED9" box="[1130,1187,1989,2015]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="407" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
|
||
depth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF346620C0669347FF27CE1EFCD3DEE0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4315932" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4315932" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4315932/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="408" startId="5.[151,250,1854,1878]" targetBox="[166,1420,182,1829]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF436A8C0669347FF27CE1EFCD3DEE0" blockId="5.[151,1436,1854,2022]" pageId="5" pageNumber="408">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0669347FF27CE1EFE82DE50" bold="true" box="[151,274,1854,1878]" pageId="5" pageNumber="408">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0669347FEA7CE1EFD81DE50" authority="Tsuyuki & Oya & Jimi & Kajihara, 2020" authorityName="Tsuyuki & Oya & Jimi & Kajihara" authorityYear="2020" box="[279,529,1854,1878]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="408" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="flavomarginata" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0669347FEA7CE1EFD81DE50" box="[279,529,1854,1878]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="408">Pericelis flavomarginata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0669347FDA7CE1EFDF6DE50" bold="true" box="[535,614,1854,1878]" pageId="5" pageNumber="408">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20C57C1C0669347FDA7CE1EFDF6DE50" box="[535,614,1854,1878]" pageId="5" pageNumber="408" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, ICHUM 6116 (holotype), schematic diagram (A) and photomicrographs of sagittal sections (B–F). A. Copulatory complex. B. Common gonopore of male and female atriums. C. Seminal vesicle. D. Penis papilla and female copulatory apparatus. E. Uterine vesicle. F. Sucker. Abbreviations: cg, cement glands; cog, common gonopore; cp, cement pouch; ed, ejaculatory duct; fa, female atrium; ma, male atrium; pp, penis papilla; spd, sperm duct; su, sucker; sv, seminal vesicle; uv, uterine vesicle; va, vagina. Scale bars: 300 μm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3516523C0659345FF77C9B6FB9CD9FF" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="410" pageId="6" pageNumber="409" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF436A8C0659344FF77C9B6FAA7D847" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,897]" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0659344FF77C9B6FED2D9B6" bold="true" box="[199,322,150,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Body elongated oval; body margin slightly ruffled; pair of marginal tentacles with tips extending and tapering; dorsal surface translucent, fringed by lemon-yellow line except for tip of tentacles; narrow brown midline running from anterior edge of body to posterior end of pharynx; pair of cerebral-eyespot clusters anteroposteriorly elongated along brown midline; male and female atriums opening to short common atrium and single gonopore; elongate penis papilla half as long as narrow male atrium; 4–5 uterine vesicles in each oviduct.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF436A8C0659344FF77C86AFB07DBAF" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,897]" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0659344FF77C86AFE0AD862" bold="true" box="[199,410,330,356]" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">Feeding behavior.</emphasis>
|
||
We observed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0659344FD84C86BFD6AD863" authority="Tsuyuki & Oya & Jimi & Kajihara, 2020" authorityName="Tsuyuki & Oya & Jimi & Kajihara" authorityYear="2020" box="[564,762,331,357]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="6" pageNumber="409" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="flavomarginata" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0659344FD84C86BFD6AD863" box="[564,762,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">P. flavomarginata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0659344FCB0C86BFCC8D863" bold="true" box="[768,856,331,357]" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20C57C1C0659344FCB0C86BFCC8D863" box="[768,856,331,357]" pageId="6" pageNumber="409" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
prey on the scaleworm
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0659344FBEDC86BFA8DD862" baseAuthorityName="Savigny in Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1818" box="[1117,1309,331,357]" class="Polychaeta" family="Iphionidae" genus="Iphione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="6" pageNumber="409" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="muricata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0659344FBEDC86BFA8DD862" box="[1117,1309,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">Iphione muricata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. While one individual each of the two species was put together in a plastic bag, we noticed that the flatworm firmly attached to the dorsal side of the scale worm, with its expanded pharynx almost engulfing the prey’s entire body. After violently wiggling, the scaleworm gradually became inactive. We interpreted this behavior as an attempt to escape the polyclad attack. While the scaleworm was still active, the flatworm started sucking out of the scaleworm’s internal tissue. After 1–2 h since we noticed that the flatworm mounted on the scaleworm, the former left the carcass of the latter. Doing the whole process, we were able to observe how the flatworm’s intestinal branches gradually became reddish. After the flatworm left the prey behind, we observed a reddish wound on the dorsal surface of the dead scaleworm (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13702A2DC0659344FE91CB4BFEEDDB83" box="[289,381,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1854,1878]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,922,1830]" captionTargetId="figure-367@6.[154,1433,921,1830]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. A. Freshly dead specimen of Iphione muricata (Savigny in Lamarck, 1818) (ICHUM 6123); arrowhead indicates a feeding scar made by P. flavomarginata sp. nov. B. Pericelis flavomarginata sp. nov. (ICHUM 6121, paratype), dorsal view, with an almost empty intestine. Scale bars: 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4315934" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4315934/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
|
||
). We compared the freshly fed exemplar with a starving one, and we noticed that the reddish intestinal contents made the gut branches of the polyclad worm more visible (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13702A2DC0659344FC4DCBAFFBCADBAF" box="[1021,1114,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1630,1654]" captionTargetBox="[153,1434,741,1607]" captionTargetId="figure-272@4.[153,1434,741,1607]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Pericelis flavomarginata sp. nov. Photographs of a living specimen (A–C) and a specimen after being cleared in xylene (D); sketch of eyespot distribution (E). A. ICHUM 6116 (holotype), entire animal, dorsal view. B. ICHUM 6116 (holotype), entire animal, ventral view. C. ICHUM 6122 (paratype), magnification of tentacles. D. ICHUM 6122 (paratype), magnification of anterior body. E. Cerebral, frontal, marginal, and tentacular eyespots distribution.Abbreviations: ce, cerebral eyespots; cg, cement glands; fe, frontal eyespots; me, marginal eyespots; ph, pharynx; t, marginal tentacles; te, tentacular eyespots. Scale bars: A, B, 5 mm; C–E, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4315930" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4315930/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">Figs 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13702A2DC0659344FBD6CBAFFB1ADBAF" box="[1126,1162,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1854,1878]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,922,1830]" captionTargetId="figure-367@6.[154,1433,921,1830]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. A. Freshly dead specimen of Iphione muricata (Savigny in Lamarck, 1818) (ICHUM 6123); arrowhead indicates a feeding scar made by P. flavomarginata sp. nov. B. Pericelis flavomarginata sp. nov. (ICHUM 6121, paratype), dorsal view, with an almost empty intestine. Scale bars: 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4315934" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4315934/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">4B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF436A8C0659344FF77CB92FEADDA87" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,897]" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0659344FF77CB92FED9DBCA" bold="true" box="[199,329,690,716]" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">Sequences.</emphasis>
|
||
Partial COI (712 bp) and 28S rDNA sequences from four individuals:
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B233CF5C0659344FBE7CB92FA8ADBCB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2995026308" accessionNumber="LC568540" box="[1111,1306,690,717]" pageId="6" pageNumber="409" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9418AB4BC0659344FBE7CB92FB5EDBCB" box="[1111,1230,690,717]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/LC568540" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">LC568540</accessionNumber>
|
||
(COI)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B233CF5C0659344FA94CB92FD6DDBF4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2995026302" accessionNumber="LC568536" collectionCode="ICHUM" pageId="6" pageNumber="409" specimenCode="ICHUM 6116" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9418AB4BC0659344FA94CB92FA0CDBCB" box="[1316,1436,690,717]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/LC568536" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">LC568536</accessionNumber>
|
||
(28S rDNA, 1008 bp) from
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBED9ED3C0659344FE6DCBF7FDEBDBF7" box="[477,635,727,753]" collectionCode="ICHUM" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/dk9x-54ca" name="Invertebrate Collection of the Hokkaido University Museum" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">ICHUM 6116</specimenCode>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F0880AC0659344FD3CCBF7FD64DBF4" box="[652,756,727,754]" pageId="6" pageNumber="409" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B233CF5C0659344FCBBCBF6FC41DBF7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2995026313" accessionNumber="LC568538" box="[779,977,726,753]" pageId="6" pageNumber="409" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9418AB4BC0659344FCBBCBF6FC12DBF7" box="[779,898,726,753]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/LC568538" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">LC568538</accessionNumber>
|
||
(COI)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B233CF5C0659344FC50CBF6FE29DA13" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2995026310" accessionNumber="LC568535" collectionCode="ICHUM" pageId="6" pageNumber="409" specimenCode="ICHUM 6117" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9418AB4BC0659344FC50CBF6FBC7DBF7" box="[992,1111,726,753]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/LC568535" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">LC568535</accessionNumber>
|
||
(28S rDNA, 2117 bp) from
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBED9ED3C0659344FF27CBDBFEA7DA13" box="[151,311,763,789]" collectionCode="ICHUM" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/dk9x-54ca" name="Invertebrate Collection of the Hokkaido University Museum" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">ICHUM 6117</specimenCode>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F0880AC0659344FEFACBDBFE21DA13" box="[330,433,763,789]" pageId="6" pageNumber="409" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B233CF5C0659344FE78CBDAFC6DDA13" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2995026303" accessionNumber="LC568539" box="[456,1021,762,789]" collectionCode="ICHUM" pageId="6" pageNumber="409" specimenCode="ICHUM 6118" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9418AB4BC0659344FE78CBDAFDD0DA13" box="[456,576,762,789]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/LC568539" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">LC568539</accessionNumber>
|
||
(COI) from
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBED9ED3C0659344FD6BCBDBFCEBDA13" box="[731,891,763,789]" collectionCode="ICHUM" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/dk9x-54ca" name="Invertebrate Collection of the Hokkaido University Museum" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">ICHUM 6118</specimenCode>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F0880AC0659344FC3ECBDBFC65DA13" box="[910,1013,763,789]" pageId="6" pageNumber="409" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B233CF5C0659344FBBCCBDAFB44DA13" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2995026315" accessionNumber="LC568541" box="[1036,1236,762,789]" pageId="6" pageNumber="409" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9418AB4BC0659344FBBCCBDAFB14DA13" box="[1036,1156,762,789]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/LC568541" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">LC568541</accessionNumber>
|
||
(COI)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B233CF5C0659344FB54CBDAFD21DA3F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2995026311" accessionNumber="LC568537" collectionCode="ICHUM" pageId="6" pageNumber="409" specimenCode="ICHUM 6119" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9418AB4BC0659344FB54CBDAFACCDA13" box="[1252,1372,762,789]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/LC568537" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">LC568537</accessionNumber>
|
||
(28S rDNA, 1008 bp) from
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBED9ED3C0659344FE26CA3FFDA2DA3F" box="[406,562,799,825]" collectionCode="ICHUM" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/dk9x-54ca" name="Invertebrate Collection of the Hokkaido University Museum" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">ICHUM 6119</specimenCode>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F0880AC0659344FDF2CA3FFD39DA3F" box="[578,681,799,825]" pageId="6" pageNumber="409" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
. There were six variable sites in 712-bp COI sequences; the translated protein sequences were identical. The overlapping 1008 bp of 28S rDNA sequences from the three specimens were identical.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF346620C0659344FF27CE1EFD19DE9B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4315934" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4315934" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4315934/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="409" startId="6.[151,250,1854,1878]" targetBox="[154,1433,922,1830]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF436A8C0659344FF27CE1EFD19DE9B" blockId="6.[151,1436,1854,1950]" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0659344FF27CE1EFE84DE50" bold="true" box="[151,276,1854,1878]" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
A. Freshly dead specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0659344FDF6CE1EFB8CDE50" authority="(Savigny in Lamarck, 1818)" baseAuthorityName="Savigny in Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1818" box="[582,1052,1854,1878]" class="Polychaeta" family="Iphionidae" genus="Iphione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="6" pageNumber="409" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="muricata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0659344FDF6CE1EFD65DE50" box="[582,757,1854,1878]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">Iphione muricata</emphasis>
|
||
(Savigny in Lamarck, 1818)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(ICHUM 6123); arrowhead indicates a feeding scar made by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0659344FE37CE43FDAEDE7C" authority="Tsuyuki & Oya & Jimi & Kajihara, 2020" authorityName="Tsuyuki & Oya & Jimi & Kajihara" authorityYear="2020" box="[391,574,1890,1914]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="6" pageNumber="409" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="flavomarginata" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0659344FE37CE43FE06DE7C" box="[391,406,1891,1914]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0659344FE13CE42FDAEDE7C" box="[419,574,1890,1914]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">flavomarginata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0659344FDF5CE42FD05DE7C" bold="true" box="[581,661,1890,1914]" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20C57C1C0659344FDF5CE42FD05DE7C" box="[581,661,1890,1914]" pageId="6" pageNumber="409" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
B.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0659344FD0ACE42FC25DE7C" authority="Tsuyuki & Oya & Jimi & Kajihara, 2020" authorityName="Tsuyuki & Oya & Jimi & Kajihara" authorityYear="2020" box="[698,949,1890,1914]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="6" pageNumber="409" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="flavomarginata" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0659344FD0ACE42FC25DE7C" box="[698,949,1890,1914]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">Pericelis flavomarginata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0659344FC0CCE42FB9CDE7C" bold="true" box="[956,1036,1890,1914]" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20C57C1C0659344FC0CCE42FB9CDE7C" box="[956,1036,1890,1914]" pageId="6" pageNumber="409" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(ICHUM 6121, paratype), dorsal view, with an almost empty intestine. Scale bars: 1 cm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF436A8C0649345FF77C9B7FB9CD9FF" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1185]" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FF77C9B7FE5CD9B7" bold="true" box="[199,460,151,177]" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">Molecular phylogeny.</emphasis>
|
||
In the phylogenetic tree,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0649345FD47C9B7FC55D9B7" authority="Tsuyuki & Oya & Jimi & Kajihara, 2020" authorityName="Tsuyuki & Oya & Jimi & Kajihara" authorityYear="2020" box="[759,965,151,177]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="flavomarginata" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FD47C9B7FC98D9B6" box="[759,776,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FCA9C9B7FC55D9B7" box="[793,965,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">flavomarginata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FC7EC9B7FBBAD9B7" bold="true" box="[974,1066,151,177]" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20C57C1C0649345FC7EC9B7FBBAD9B7" box="[974,1066,151,177]" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
was nested with other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0649345FA89C9B7FA0DD9B7" authorityName="Laidlaw" authorityYear="1902" box="[1337,1437,151,177]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FA89C9B7FA0DD9B7" box="[1337,1437,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">Pericelis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13702A2DC0649345FF4CC99BFED4D9D3" box="[252,324,186,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1974,1998]" captionTargetBox="[171,1418,1213,1946]" captionTargetId="figure-525@7.[166,1422,1209,1951]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree based on partial sequences (967 bp) of the 28S rDNA. Numbers near nodes are the posterior probability and bootstrap values, respectively." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4315936" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4315936/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
). In addition, this species was more closely related to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0649345FC7CC99BFBC1D9D3" authorityName="Poulter" authorityYear="1974" box="[972,1105,187,213]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="hymanae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FC7CC99BFBC1D9D3" box="[972,1105,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">P. hymanae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0649345FB3FC99BFB63D9D3" authorityName="Laidlaw" authorityYear="1902" box="[1167,1267,187,213]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FB3FC99BFB63D9D3" box="[1167,1267,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">Pericelis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. (GenBank
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9418AB4BC0649345FF27C9FEFE8AD9FF" box="[151,282,222,249]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MK299354" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">MK299354</accessionNumber>
|
||
) than to the other four species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0649345FD22C9FFFD66D9FF" authorityName="Laidlaw" authorityYear="1902" box="[658,758,223,249]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FD22C9FFFD66D9FF" box="[658,758,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">Pericelis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
included in the analysis.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3516523C064934AFF77C823FB37D8AB" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="411" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF436A8C0649345FF77C823FDDFDBCB" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1185]" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FF77C823FEABD81B" bold="true" box="[199,315,259,285]" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Our specimens belong to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0649345FDEEC823FD52D81B" authorityName="Laidlaw" authorityYear="1902" box="[606,706,259,285]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FDEEC823FD52D81B" box="[606,706,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">Pericelis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because they conform to the generic diagnosis by having
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FAF6C823FADED81A" box="[1350,1358,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">i</emphasis>
|
||
) a pair of folded marginal tentacles with eyespots,
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FD34C807FD04D846" box="[644,660,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">ii</emphasis>
|
||
) marginal eyespots that encircle the body margin,
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FB63C807FB7AD846" box="[1235,1258,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">iii</emphasis>
|
||
) a long, ruffled pharynx situated centrally, and
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FE4CC86BFD80D862" box="[508,528,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">iv</emphasis>
|
||
) a male copulatory apparatus without distinct prostatic organs (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B59C0649345FB56C86BFE87D88F" author="Ramos-Sanchez, M. & Bahia, J. & Bastida-Zavala, J. R." pageId="7" pageNumber="410" pagination="49 - 83" refId="ref6445" refString="Ramos-Sanchez, M., Bahia, J. & Bastida-Zavala, J. R. (2020) Five new species of cotylean flatworms (Platyhelminthes: Polycladida: Cotylea) from Oaxaca, southern Mexican Pacific. Zootaxa, 4849 (1), 49 - 83. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4819.1.3" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||
Ramos-Sánchez
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FF27C84FFF5AD88F" box="[151,202,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2020
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0649345FE9CC84FFDD4D88F" authority="Tsuyuki & Oya & Jimi & Kajihara, 2020" authorityName="Tsuyuki & Oya & Jimi & Kajihara" authorityYear="2020" box="[300,580,367,393]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="flavomarginata" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FE9CC84FFDD4D88F" box="[300,580,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">Pericelis flavomarginata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FDFDC84FFD39D88F" bold="true" box="[589,681,367,393]" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20C57C1C0649345FDFDC84FFD39D88F" box="[589,681,367,393]" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is easily distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0649345FC46C84FFB1FD88F" baseAuthorityName="Collingwood" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[1014,1167,367,393]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="byerleyana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FC46C84FFB1FD88F" box="[1014,1167,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">P. byerleyana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0649345FB10C84FFB7DD88E" authorityName="Du Bois-Reymond Marcus & Marcus" authorityYear="1968" box="[1184,1261,367,392]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="cata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FB10C84FFB7DD88E" box="[1184,1261,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">P. cata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0649345FB4EC84FFAE4D88F" authorityName="Ramos-Sanchez, Bahia & Bastida-Zavala" authorityYear="2020" box="[1278,1396,367,393]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="nazahui">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FB4EC84FFAE4D88F" box="[1278,1396,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">P. nazahui</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0649345FA34C84FFE83D8AB" baseAuthorityName="Schmarda" baseAuthorityYear="1859" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="orbicularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FA34C84FFA05D88E" box="[1412,1429,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FF27C8B3FE83D8AB" box="[151,275,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">orbicularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0649345FE93C8B3FE05D8AA" authorityName="Ramos-Sanchez, Bahia & Bastida-Zavala" authorityYear="2020" box="[291,405,403,428]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="sigmeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FE93C8B3FE05D8AA" box="[291,405,403,428]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">P. sigmeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0649345FE66C8B3FDFBD8AA" box="[470,619,403,428]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="tectivorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FE66C8B3FDFBD8AA" box="[470,619,403,428]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">P. tectivorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by their brown coloration (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B59C0649345FC16C8B3FB08D8AB" author="Dittmann, I. L. & Dibiasi, W. & Norena, C. & Egger, B." box="[934,1176,403,429]" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" pagination="383 - 397" refId="ref5266" refString="Dittmann, I. L., Dibiasi, W., Norena, C. & Egger, B. (2019) Description of the snail-eating flatworm in marine aquaria, Pericelis tectivorum sp. nov. (Polycladida, Platyhelminthes). Zootaxa, 4565 (3), 383 - 397. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4565.3.5" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Dittmann
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FBAAC8B3FBDDD8AB" box="[1050,1101,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2019
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B59C0649345FB15C8B3FF43D8D7" author="Ramos-Sanchez, M. & Bahia, J. & Bastida-Zavala, J. R." pageId="7" pageNumber="410" pagination="49 - 83" refId="ref6445" refString="Ramos-Sanchez, M., Bahia, J. & Bastida-Zavala, J. R. (2020) Five new species of cotylean flatworms (Platyhelminthes: Polycladida: Cotylea) from Oaxaca, southern Mexican Pacific. Zootaxa, 4849 (1), 49 - 83. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4819.1.3" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||
Ramos-Sánchez
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FAD2C8B3FA05D8AB" box="[1378,1429,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2020
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), which is in contrast to the lemon-yellow marginal rim and the dorsal narrow brown midline of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0649345FAA2C897FF4FD8F2" authority="Tsuyuki & Oya & Jimi & Kajihara, 2020" authorityName="Tsuyuki & Oya & Jimi & Kajihara" authorityYear="2020" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="flavomarginata" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FAA2C897FF4FD8F2" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">P. flavomarginata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FF57C8FBFED1D8F3" bold="true" box="[231,321,475,501]" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20C57C1C0649345FF57C8FBFED1D8F3" box="[231,321,475,501]" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Our new species is similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0649345FD2BC8FBFC8CD8F3" authorityName="Poulter" authorityYear="1974" box="[667,796,475,501]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="hymanae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FD2BC8FBFC8CD8F3" box="[667,796,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">P. hymanae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in that both species have a narrow brown midline in the dorsal surface of the body. However,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0649345FD85C8DFFD6CDB1F" authority="Tsuyuki & Oya & Jimi & Kajihara, 2020" authorityName="Tsuyuki & Oya & Jimi & Kajihara" authorityYear="2020" box="[565,764,511,537]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="flavomarginata" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FD85C8DFFD6CDB1F" box="[565,764,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">P. flavomarginata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FCB2C8DFFCCBDB1F" bold="true" box="[770,859,511,537]" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20C57C1C0649345FCB2C8DFFCCBDB1F" box="[770,859,511,537]" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0649345FB37C8DFFA97DB1F" authorityName="Poulter" authorityYear="1974" box="[1159,1287,511,537]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="hymanae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FB37C8DFFA97DB1F" box="[1159,1287,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">P. hymanae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the dorsal marginal coloration (lemon yellow in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0649345FD8BCB03FC91DB3B" authority="Tsuyuki & Oya & Jimi & Kajihara, 2020" authorityName="Tsuyuki & Oya & Jimi & Kajihara" authorityYear="2020" box="[571,769,547,573]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="flavomarginata" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FD8BCB03FC91DB3B" box="[571,769,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">P. flavomarginata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FCB7CB03FCF0DB3B" bold="true" box="[775,864,547,573]" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20C57C1C0649345FCB7CB03FCF0DB3B" box="[775,864,547,573]" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FCD5CB03FC14DB3A" box="[869,900,547,572]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
translucent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0649345FB96CB03FB36DB3B" authorityName="Poulter" authorityYear="1974" box="[1062,1190,547,573]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="hymanae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FB96CB03FB36DB3B" box="[1062,1190,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">P. hymanae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). In addition, our new species is distinguishable from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0649345FE44CB67FDE4DB67" authorityName="Poulter" authorityYear="1974" box="[500,628,583,609]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="hymanae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FE44CB67FDE4DB67" box="[500,628,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">P. hymanae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the presence of common gonopore; according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B59C0649345FB0DCB67FAFDDB67" author="Meixner, A." box="[1213,1389,583,609]" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" pagination="368 - 498" refId="ref6073" refString="Meixner, A. (1907) Polycladen von der Somalik ʾ ste, nebst einer Revision der Stylochinen. Zeitschrift f ʾ r wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 88, 368 - 498." type="journal article" year="1907">Meixner (1907)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B59C0649345FF27CB4BFD06DB80" author="Du Bois-Reymond Marcus, E. & Marcus, E." box="[151,662,619,646]" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" pagination="1 - 133" refId="ref5334" refString="Du Bois-Reymond Marcus, E. & Marcus, E. (1968) Polycladida from Curacao and faunistically related regions. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands, 101, 1 - 133." type="journal article" year="1968">Du Bois-Reymond Marcus & Marcus (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, the interpretation of whether or not the male and female gonopores are separated may depend on the fixation state. Therefore, this feature should be reexamined based on specimens with or without careful anesthetization.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF436A8C0649345FF77CBF7FE45DA3F" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1185]" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0649345FF77CBF7FEBBDBF7" authorityName="Laidlaw" authorityYear="1902" box="[199,299,727,753]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FF77CBF7FEBBDBF7" box="[199,299,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">Pericelis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.
|
||
<quantity id="4CB39B4DC0649345FEEACBF7FE15DBF7" box="[346,389,727,753]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" unit="in" value="6.0">6 in</quantity>
|
||
the Kerama Islands,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498FF84AC0649345FDC4CBF7FD49DBF7" box="[628,729,727,753]" country="Japan" name="Okinawa" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B59C0649345FD58CBF7FCCCDBF7" author="Ono, A." box="[744,860,726,753]" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" refId="ref6192" refString="Ono, A. (2015) Flatworms Illustrated. Seibundoshinkosha, Tokyo, 223 pp. [in Japanese]" type="book" year="2015">Ono 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) may be identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0649345FBE6CBF7FA8EDBF7" authority="Tsuyuki & Oya & Jimi & Kajihara, 2020" authorityName="Tsuyuki & Oya & Jimi & Kajihara" authorityYear="2020" box="[1110,1310,727,753]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="flavomarginata" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FBE6CBF7FA8EDBF7" box="[1110,1310,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">P. flavomarginata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FA95CBF7FAEFDBF7" bold="true" box="[1317,1407,727,753]" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20C57C1C0649345FA95CBF7FAEFDBF7" box="[1317,1407,727,753]" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
in terms of its similar dorsal coloration. However, more examination is required with observation of internal morphology and molecular analyses.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF436A8C0649345FF77CA63FC6FDDA7" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1185]" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">
|
||
The phylogenetic closeness among
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0649345FDE4CA63FD28DA5B" authorityName="Laidlaw" authorityYear="1902" box="[596,696,835,861]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FDE4CA63FD28DA5B" box="[596,696,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">Pericelis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species may reflect similarity in dorsal coloration. In the resulting tree, the seven species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0649345FE70CA47FDB4DA87" authorityName="Laidlaw" authorityYear="1902" box="[448,548,871,897]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FE70CA47FDB4DA87" box="[448,548,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">Pericelis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were gathered in two clades; the first consists of four species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0649345FB4BCA47FA05DA87" baseAuthorityName="Collingwood" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[1275,1429,871,897]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="byerleyana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FB4BCA47FA05DA87" box="[1275,1429,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">P. byerleyana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0649345FF27CAABFF73DAA2" authorityName="Du Bois-Reymond Marcus & Marcus" authorityYear="1968" box="[151,227,907,932]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="cata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FF27CAABFF73DAA2" box="[151,227,907,932]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">P. cata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0649345FF42CAABFE1BDAA3" baseAuthorityName="Schmarda" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[242,395,907,933]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="orbicularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FF42CAABFE1BDAA3" box="[242,395,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">P. orbicularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0649345FE7ACAABFDCEDAA2" box="[458,606,907,932]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="tectivorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FE7ACAABFDCEDAA2" box="[458,606,907,932]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">P. tectivorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and the second of three species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0649345FC6BCAABFB33DAA3" authority="Tsuyuki & Oya & Jimi & Kajihara, 2020" authorityName="Tsuyuki & Oya & Jimi & Kajihara" authorityYear="2020" box="[987,1187,907,933]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="flavomarginata" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FC6BCAABFB33DAA3" box="[987,1187,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">P. flavomarginata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FB1BCAABFA95DAA3" bold="true" box="[1195,1285,907,933]" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20C57C1C0649345FB1BCAABFA95DAA3" box="[1195,1285,907,933]" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0649345FAA4CAABFA05DAA3" authorityName="Poulter" authorityYear="1974" box="[1300,1429,907,933]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="hymanae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FAA4CAABFA05DAA3" box="[1300,1429,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">P. hymanae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0649345FF77CA8FFEBBDACF" authorityName="Laidlaw" authorityYear="1902" box="[199,299,943,969]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FF77CA8FFEBBDACF" box="[199,299,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">Pericelis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13702A2DC0649345FED1CA8FFE36DACF" box="[353,422,942,969]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1974,1998]" captionTargetBox="[171,1418,1213,1946]" captionTargetId="figure-525@7.[166,1422,1209,1951]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree based on partial sequences (967 bp) of the 28S rDNA. Numbers near nodes are the posterior probability and bootstrap values, respectively." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4315936" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4315936/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
). The constituents of each clade share a similar dorsal color pattern:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0649345FB1ACA8FFAD2DACF" baseAuthorityName="Collingwood" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[1194,1346,943,969]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="byerleyana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FB1ACA8FFAD2DACF" box="[1194,1346,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">P. byerleyana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0649345FAE1CA8FFA05DACE" authorityName="Du Bois-Reymond Marcus & Marcus" authorityYear="1968" box="[1361,1429,943,968]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="cata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FAE1CA8FFA05DACE" box="[1361,1429,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">P.cata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0649345FF27CAF3FEA1DAEB" baseAuthorityName="Schmarda" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[151,305,979,1005]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="orbicularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FF27CAF3FEA1DAEB" box="[151,305,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">P. orbicularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0649345FEC3CAF3FD98DAEA" box="[371,520,979,1004]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="tectivorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FEC3CAF3FD98DAEA" box="[371,520,979,1004]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">P. tectivorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are characterized by cream or beige coloration with a reticulated brown pattern (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B59C0649345FF2FCAD7FE1FDD17" author="Dittmann, I. L. & Dibiasi, W. & Norena, C. & Egger, B." box="[159,399,1015,1041]" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" pagination="383 - 397" refId="ref5266" refString="Dittmann, I. L., Dibiasi, W., Norena, C. & Egger, B. (2019) Description of the snail-eating flatworm in marine aquaria, Pericelis tectivorum sp. nov. (Polycladida, Platyhelminthes). Zootaxa, 4565 (3), 383 - 397. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4565.3.5" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Dittmann
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FEA3CAD7FED6DD17" box="[275,326,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2019
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0649345FDB4CAD7FD5DDD17" authority="Tsuyuki & Oya & Jimi & Kajihara, 2020" authorityName="Tsuyuki & Oya & Jimi & Kajihara" authorityYear="2020" box="[516,717,1015,1041]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="flavomarginata" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FDB4CAD7FD5DDD17" box="[516,717,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">P. flavomarginata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FD65CAD7FCA1DD17" bold="true" box="[725,817,1015,1041]" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20C57C1C0649345FD65CAD7FCA1DD17" box="[725,817,1015,1041]" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0649345FCDACAD7FC7DDD17" authorityName="Poulter" authorityYear="1974" box="[874,1005,1015,1041]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="hymanae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FCDACAD7FC7DDD17" box="[874,1005,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">P. hymanae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
share a brown midline on translucent background (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B59C0649345FE99CD3BFE2EDD33" author="Poulter, J. L." box="[297,446,1051,1077]" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" pagination="93 - 107" refId="ref6364" refString="Poulter, J. L. (1974) A new species of the genus Pericelis, a polyclad flatworm from Hawaii. In: Riser, N. W. & Morse, M. P. (Eds.), Biology of the Turbellaria. McGraw-Hill, New York, pp. 93 - 107." type="book chapter" year="1974">Poulter 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). We predict that the unidentified
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0649345FC84CD3BFC08DD33" authorityName="Laidlaw" authorityYear="1902" box="[820,920,1051,1077]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FC84CD3BFC08DD33" box="[820,920,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">Pericelis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. of Cuadrado
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FBE4CD3BFB14DD33" box="[1108,1156,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (unpubl.) from S„o Vincente (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35C7638C0649345FF51CD1FFEF5DD5C" box="[225,357,1087,1114]" name="Cape Verde" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">Cape Verde</collectingCountry>
|
||
) would also display a colored dorsal midline on a uniform background, although no information is currently available to us as to its coloration and morphology. Also, the phylogenetic positions of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0649345FB47CD43FAFCDD7B" authorityName="Ramos-Sanchez, Bahia & Bastida-Zavala" authorityYear="2020" box="[1271,1388,1123,1149]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="nazahui">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FB47CD43FAFCDD7B" box="[1271,1388,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">P. nazahui</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC0649345FF27CDA7FE97DDA6" authorityName="Ramos-Sanchez, Bahia & Bastida-Zavala" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,263,1159,1184]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="sigmeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FF27CDA7FE97DDA6" box="[151,263,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">P. sigmeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which have brown coloration, should be revealed in future studies.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF346620C0649345FF27CE96FC85DEF4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4315936" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4315936" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4315936/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" startId="7.[151,250,1974,1998]" targetBox="[171,1418,1213,1946]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF436A8C0649345FF27CE96FC85DEF4" blockId="7.[151,1436,1974,2034]" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC0649345FF27CE96FE82DEC9" bold="true" box="[151,274,1974,1999]" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree based on partial sequences (967 bp) of the 28S rDNA. Numbers near nodes are the posterior probability and bootstrap values, respectively.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF436A8C06B934AFF77C9B7FB37D8AB" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,429]" pageId="8" pageNumber="411">
|
||
Our study is the first report of a polyclad flatworm feeding on a scaleworm, although some more experimentation is needed to evaluate if
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC06B934AFE63C99BFD0BD9D3" authority="Tsuyuki & Oya & Jimi & Kajihara, 2020" authorityName="Tsuyuki & Oya & Jimi & Kajihara" authorityYear="2020" box="[467,667,187,213]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="8" pageNumber="411" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="flavomarginata" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC06B934AFE63C99BFD0BD9D3" box="[467,667,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="411">P. flavomarginata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC06B934AFD11C99BFD6BD9D3" bold="true" box="[673,763,187,213]" pageId="8" pageNumber="411">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20C57C1C06B934AFD11C99BFD6BD9D3" box="[673,763,187,213]" pageId="8" pageNumber="411" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
displays the same diet preferences in its habitat. Among the polyclad species with the ruffled pharynx, predatory behavior and mechanisms have been observed and proposed for several species. Some feed on ascidians, crustaceans, and gastropods, with their pharyngeal glandular epithelium secreting enzymes that help predigesting the prey’s tissue before sucking them (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B59C06B934AFBA1C807FB21D847" author="Prudhoe, S." box="[1041,1201,294,321]" pageId="8" pageNumber="411" refId="ref6423" refString="Prudhoe, S. (1985) A Monograph on Polyclad Turbellaria. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 259 pp." type="book" year="1985">Prudhoe 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B59C06B934AFB0DC807FF42D863" author="Newman, L. J. & Cannon, L. R. G." pageId="8" pageNumber="411" refId="ref6106" refString="Newman, L. J. & Cannon, L. R. G. (2003) Marine Flatworms: The World of Polyclads. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, 97 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / 9780643101197" type="book" year="2003">Newman & Cannon 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B59C06B934AFF6FC86BFE13D863" author="Jie, W. B. & Kuo, S. C. & Wu, S. C. & Lee, K. S." box="[223,387,331,357]" pageId="8" pageNumber="411" pagination="57 - 71" refId="ref5763" refString="Jie, W. B., Kuo, S. C., Wu, S. C. & Lee, K. S. (2013) Unreported predatory behavior on crustaceans by Ilyella gigas (Schmarda, 1859) (Polycladida: Ilyplanidae), a newly-recorded flatworm from Taiwan. Platax, 10, 57 - 71." type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Jie
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC06B934AFEB6C86BFEA8D863" box="[262,312,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="411">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC06B934AFE26C86BFD3ED863" authority="Tsuyuki & Oya & Jimi & Kajihara, 2020" authorityName="Tsuyuki & Oya & Jimi & Kajihara" authorityYear="2020" box="[406,686,331,357]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Pericelidae" genus="Pericelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="8" pageNumber="411" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="flavomarginata" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC06B934AFE26C86BFD3ED863" box="[406,686,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="411">Pericelis flavomarginata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC06B934AFD05C86BFC80D863" bold="true" box="[693,784,331,357]" pageId="8" pageNumber="411">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20C57C1C06B934AFD05C86BFC80D863" box="[693,784,331,357]" pageId="8" pageNumber="411" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
seemed to feed on the scaleworm
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC06B934AFB28C86BFA85D862" baseAuthorityName="Savigny in Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1818" box="[1176,1301,331,356]" class="Polychaeta" family="Iphionidae" genus="Iphione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="8" pageNumber="411" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="muricata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC06B934AFB28C86BFA85D862" box="[1176,1301,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="411">I. muricata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in a similar way. In our observation, the polyclad flatworm held firmly the dorsal body of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D2BC06B934AFC45C84FFBE1D88E" baseAuthorityName="Savigny in Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1818" box="[1013,1137,367,392]" class="Polychaeta" family="Iphionidae" genus="Iphione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="8" pageNumber="411" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="muricata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEABAC06B934AFC45C84FFBE1D88E" box="[1013,1137,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="411">I. muricata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with its expanded pharynx and appeared to suck the digested internal tissue of the prey through dorsal wound (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13702A2DC06B934AFBF0C8B3FB0BD8AB" box="[1088,1179,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1854,1878]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,922,1830]" captionTargetId="figure-367@6.[154,1433,921,1830]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. A. Freshly dead specimen of Iphione muricata (Savigny in Lamarck, 1818) (ICHUM 6123); arrowhead indicates a feeding scar made by P. flavomarginata sp. nov. B. Pericelis flavomarginata sp. nov. (ICHUM 6121, paratype), dorsal view, with an almost empty intestine. Scale bars: 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4315934" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4315934/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="411">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |