353 lines
40 KiB
XML
353 lines
40 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="D88BE2CC5632C059C7F2FB3DFA4C9177">Morphology and infraciliature of two new earthworm ciliates, Hoplitophrya polymorphus sp. nov. and Anoplophrya simplex sp. nov. (Ciliophora: Oligohymenophorea: Astomatia)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="CDFEFDD3B3796659AB6632CC417CB9CB">Nana, Paul Alain</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E06303834C47E26E0D1DF07AC0C01953">Fokam, Zéphyrin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8529C471B345FEECE1FE1591E5179CD5">Viguès, Bernard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="997669499DADFF6F5FCC94ABD7A7C01C">Bricheux, Geneviève</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="130D026D9740DE4F92B0196A375AF092">Aghaindum, Gidéon Ajeagah</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6E3E909C3B432B0D7FC5B946A776A0CA">Ngassam, Pierre</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="58CA068C727809CC54A12D44B3368D17">Nola, Moïse</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="19D1C3943616D3BC23DF14BF8665B11C">Sime-Ngando, Télesphore</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="36BC074A57C8D892AEA9C129FAF96E5F">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="D2464806C4439C800ED23839169B262A">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D522DE24CEA1C0F6BB400AC97BAC63DB">2018-03-08</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="C93CA2828C30851F9FFE17F78E6186F5">4392</mods:number>
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<treatment id="F77487E0FFDFFFE168CD63C7FDB1FE7E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5946715" ID-GBIF-Taxon="142211766" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5946715" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F77487E0FFDFFFE168CD63C7FDB1FE7E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F77487E0FFDFFFE168CD63C7FDB1FE7E" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="173" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">
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<subSubSection id="37C7657DFFDFFFE768CD63C7FCB6FD56" box="[151,821,706,732]" pageId="2" pageNumber="171" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="7F6236F6FFDFFFE768CD63C7FCB6FD56" blockId="2.[151,821,706,732]" box="[151,821,706,732]" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">
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<heading id="242A819AFFDFFFE768CD63C7FCB6FD56" bold="true" box="[151,821,706,732]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="171" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="4DA9EAE4FFDFFFE768CD63C7FCB6FD56" bold="true" box="[151,821,706,732]" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">
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<taxonomicName id="B8DD4D75FFDFFFE768CD63C7FD4CFD56" authority="Nana, Fokam et al." authorityName="Nana & Fokam & Viguès & Bricheux & Aghaindum & Ngassam & Nola & Sime-Ngando" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,719,706,732]" class="Oligohymenophorea" family="Hoplitophryidae" genus="Hoplitophrya" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Astomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="171" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="polymorphus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="4DA9EAE4FFDFFFE768CD63C7FE5EFD56" bold="true" box="[151,477,706,732]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">Hoplitophrya polymorphus</emphasis>
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Nana, Fokam
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<emphasis id="4DA9EAE4FFDFFFE76ACF63C7FD4AFD56" bold="true" box="[661,713,706,732]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">et al</emphasis>
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.
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="569A579FFFDFFFE76A8D63C7FCB6FD56" box="[727,821,706,732]" pageId="2" pageNumber="171" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="37C7657DFFDFFFE668CD620CFCD8FECA" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="172" pageId="2" pageNumber="171" type="description">
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<paragraph id="7F6236F6FFDFFFE768CD620CFE9DFCE3" blockId="2.[151,1436,777,1234]" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">
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<emphasis id="4DA9EAE4FFDFFFE768CD620CFEAAFCA8" bold="true" box="[151,297,777,802]" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">Description.</emphasis>
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This ciliate cohabits with other species of astome ciliates such as those of the genera:
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<taxonomicName id="B8DD4D75FFDFFFE76D42620CFA17FCAB" authorityName="de Puytorac & Dragesco" authorityYear="1968" box="[1304,1428,777,801]" class="Oligohymenophorea" family="Anoplophryidae" genus="Almophrya" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Astomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="171" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="4DA9EAE4FFDFFFE76D42620CFA17FCAB" box="[1304,1428,777,801]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">Almophrya</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="B8DD4D75FFDFFFE768CD6228FE98FCCF" authorityName="de Puytorac & Dragesco" authorityYear="1968" box="[151,283,813,837]" class="Oligohymenophorea" family="Radiophryidae" genus="Coelophrya" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Astomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="171" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="4DA9EAE4FFDFFFE768CD6228FE98FCCF" box="[151,283,813,837]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">Coelophrya</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="B8DD4D75FFDFFFE769746228FE7DFCCF" authorityName="de Puytorac & Dragesco" authorityYear="1968" box="[302,510,813,837]" class="Oligohymenophorea" family="Radiophryidae" genus="Metaracoelophrya" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Astomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="171" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="4DA9EAE4FFDFFFE769746228FE7DFCCF" box="[302,510,813,837]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">Metaracoelophrya</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="B8DD4D75FFDFFFE76A4B6228FD28FCCF" authorityName="de Puytorac & Dragesco" authorityYear="1968" box="[529,683,813,837]" class="Oligohymenophorea" family="Radiophryidae" genus="Dicoelophrya" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Astomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="171" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="4DA9EAE4FFDFFFE76A4B6228FD28FCCF" box="[529,683,813,837]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">Dicoelophrya</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the foregut and midgut of the earthworms
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<taxonomicName id="B8DD4D75FFDFFFE76C976228FAEBFCCF" authorityName="Grube" authorityYear="1855" box="[1229,1384,813,837]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossoscolecidae" genus="Alma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="2" pageNumber="171" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="nilotica">
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<emphasis id="4DA9EAE4FFDFFFE76C976228FAEBFCCF" box="[1229,1384,813,837]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">Alma nilotica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="B8DD4D75FFDFFFE768CD6254FE94FCE3" baseAuthorityName="Michaelsen" baseAuthorityYear="1892" box="[151,279,849,873]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossoscolecidae" genus="Alma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="2" pageNumber="171" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="emini">
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<emphasis id="4DA9EAE4FFDFFFE768CD6254FE94FCE3" box="[151,279,849,873]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">Alma emini</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7F6236F6FFDFFFE7689D6270FEE5FB58" blockId="2.[151,1436,777,1234]" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">
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<emphasis id="4DA9EAE4FFDFFFE7689D6270FE44FC04" bold="true" box="[199,455,885,910]" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">General morphology.</emphasis>
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This species displays two main forms: the elongated form measuring 150–247 µm in length and 40–87 µm in width (
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<figureCitation id="E7E62A73FFDFFFE769A6629CFD2BFC38" box="[508,680,921,946]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1865,1887]" captionTargetBox="[237,1413,461,1739]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[147,1439,389,1829]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Hoplitophrya polymorphus sp. nov. A–C. elongated form (drawing after silver staining); B–C. elongated forms. B. double staining by DAPI (blue) and immunofluorescence microscopy (IF) using FITC-conjugated anti-tubulin antibody (green); C. DAPI staining and bright field microscopy merge; D. stocky form (drawing after silver staining); E. stocky form stained by DAPI and FITC-conjugated anti-tubulin antibody (green); F. Bright field microscopy of a silver stained stocky form; Ma. macronucleus; Mi. micronucleus; Sb. skeletal branch; Sf. skeletal fibres; Vp. pulsatile vacuoles. Scale bar: 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1195222/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">Figures 2 A–C</figureCitation>
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), and the stocky form measuring 140–170 µm in length and 70–98 µm in width (
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<figureCitation id="E7E62A73FFDFFFE7696E62B8FE5CFC5C" box="[308,479,957,982]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1865,1887]" captionTargetBox="[237,1413,461,1739]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[147,1439,389,1829]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Hoplitophrya polymorphus sp. nov. A–C. elongated form (drawing after silver staining); B–C. elongated forms. B. double staining by DAPI (blue) and immunofluorescence microscopy (IF) using FITC-conjugated anti-tubulin antibody (green); C. DAPI staining and bright field microscopy merge; D. stocky form (drawing after silver staining); E. stocky form stained by DAPI and FITC-conjugated anti-tubulin antibody (green); F. Bright field microscopy of a silver stained stocky form; Ma. macronucleus; Mi. micronucleus; Sb. skeletal branch; Sf. skeletal fibres; Vp. pulsatile vacuoles. Scale bar: 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1195222/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">Figures 2 D–F</figureCitation>
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). The general morphology of the two forms is characterized by a curved cylindrical body shape with a rounded anterior pole and a narrower posterior pole. The macronucleus is 140 µm long and 12 µm wide on average (
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<tableCitation id="325F034DFFDFFFE769D56500FE67FB94" box="[399,484,1029,1054]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,239,1277,1300]" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphometric characterisation of Hoplitophrya polymorphus sp. nov. after silver staining" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">Table 1</tableCitation>
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). It displays a somewhat looser appearance in the squat forms. Staining with DAPI reveals a transverse periodicity along the macronucleus of each form suggesting alternation of zones differing in chromatin compaction. In each form the macronucleus occupies an axial position and extends from one end to the other end of the ciliate. The macronucleus is flanked on one side with a median micronucleus that is ovoid or spherical in shape (7 µm in diameter; average value), and on the other side with a longitudinal row of two to nine pulsatile vacuoles.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="2BA2667EFFDFFFE768CD65F8FB4CFA9E" box="[151,1231,1276,1300]" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">
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<paragraph id="7F6236F6FFDFFFE768CD65F8FB4CFA9E" blockId="2.[151,1231,1276,1300]" box="[151,1231,1276,1300]" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">
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<emphasis id="4DA9EAE4FFDFFFE768CD65F8FE89FA9E" bold="true" box="[151,266,1277,1300]" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
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Morphometric characterisation of
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<taxonomicName id="B8DD4D75FFDFFFE76A2765F9FC1CFA9E" authority="Nana & Fokam & Viguès & Bricheux & Aghaindum & Ngassam & Nola & Sime-Ngando, 2018" authorityName="Nana & Fokam & Viguès & Bricheux & Aghaindum & Ngassam & Nola & Sime-Ngando" authorityYear="2018" box="[637,927,1276,1300]" class="Oligohymenophorea" family="Hoplitophryidae" genus="Hoplitophrya" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Astomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="171" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="polymorphus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="4DA9EAE4FFDFFFE76A2765F9FC1CFA9E" box="[637,927,1276,1300]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">Hoplitophrya polymorphus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="4DA9EAE4FFDFFFE76BFF65F8FC78FA9E" bold="true" box="[933,1019,1277,1300]" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="569A579FFFDFFFE76BFF65F8FC78FA9E" box="[933,1019,1277,1300]" pageId="2" pageNumber="171" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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after silver staining
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="7F6236F6FFDFFFE768A66435FAFAF980" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">
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<table id="0DDDC456FFDF001A68C56435FA05F980" box="[159,1414,1328,1546]" gridcols="10" gridrows="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">
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<tr id="C1ED34B4FFDF001A68C56435FA05FAEE" box="[159,1414,1328,1380]" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="171" rowspan-0="1">
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<th id="823C5DC8FFDF001A68A66435FE26FAEE" box="[252,421,1328,1380]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">Cell length (µm)</th>
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<th id="823C5DC8FFDF001A69EC6435FD98FAEE" box="[438,539,1328,1380]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">cell width (µm)</th>
|
||
<th id="823C5DC8FFDF001A6A196435FD29FAEE" box="[579,682,1328,1380]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">Ma length (µm)</th>
|
||
<th id="823C5DC8FFDF001A6A886435FCB6FAEE" box="[722,821,1328,1380]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">Ma width (µm)</th>
|
||
<th id="823C5DC8FFDF001A6B3E6435FC7AFAEE" box="[868,1017,1328,1380]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">Mi Diam (µm)</th>
|
||
<th id="823C5DC8FFDF001A6C566435FBCDFAEE" box="[1036,1102,1328,1380]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">Kin df</th>
|
||
<th id="823C5DC8FFDF001A6C396435FB26FAEE" box="[1123,1189,1328,1380]" gridcol="7" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">Kin vf</th>
|
||
<th id="823C5DC8FFDF001A6C906435FAD8FAEE" box="[1226,1371,1328,1380]" gridcol="8" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">Number of SF</th>
|
||
<th id="823C5DC8FFDF001A6D316435FA05FAEE" box="[1387,1414,1328,1380]" gridcol="9" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">Pv</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="C1ED34B4FFDF001A68C5647DFA05FA04" box="[159,1414,1400,1422]" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">
|
||
<th id="823C5DC8FFDF001A68C5647DFF5AFA04" box="[159,217,1400,1422]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">Max</th>
|
||
<td id="823C5DC8FFDF001A68A6647DFE26FA04" box="[252,421,1400,1422]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">247</td>
|
||
<td id="823C5DC8FFDF001A69EC647DFD98FA04" box="[438,539,1400,1422]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">98</td>
|
||
<td id="823C5DC8FFDF001A6A19647DFD29FA04" box="[579,682,1400,1422]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">165</td>
|
||
<td id="823C5DC8FFDF001A6A88647DFCB6FA04" box="[722,821,1400,1422]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">20</td>
|
||
<td id="823C5DC8FFDF001A6B3E647DFC7AFA04" box="[868,1017,1400,1422]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">9</td>
|
||
<td id="823C5DC8FFDF001A6C56647DFBCDFA04" box="[1036,1102,1400,1422]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">43</td>
|
||
<td id="823C5DC8FFDF001A6C39647DFB26FA04" box="[1123,1189,1400,1422]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">44</td>
|
||
<td id="823C5DC8FFDF001A6C90647DFAD8FA04" box="[1226,1371,1400,1422]" gridcol="8" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">28</td>
|
||
<td id="823C5DC8FFDF001A6D31647DFA05FA04" box="[1387,1414,1400,1422]" gridcol="9" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">9</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="C1ED34B4FFDF001A68C564A4FA05FA3D" box="[159,1414,1441,1463]" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">
|
||
<th id="823C5DC8FFDF001A68C564A4FF5AFA3D" box="[159,217,1441,1463]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">Mean</th>
|
||
<td id="823C5DC8FFDF001A68A664A4FE26FA3D" box="[252,421,1441,1463]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">160</td>
|
||
<td id="823C5DC8FFDF001A69EC64A4FD98FA3D" box="[438,539,1441,1463]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">62</td>
|
||
<td id="823C5DC8FFDF001A6A1964A4FD29FA3D" box="[579,682,1441,1463]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">140</td>
|
||
<td id="823C5DC8FFDF001A6A8864A4FCB6FA3D" box="[722,821,1441,1463]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">12</td>
|
||
<td id="823C5DC8FFDF001A6B3E64A4FC7AFA3D" box="[868,1017,1441,1463]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">7</td>
|
||
<td id="823C5DC8FFDF001A6C5664A4FBCDFA3D" box="[1036,1102,1441,1463]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">42</td>
|
||
<td id="823C5DC8FFDF001A6C3964A4FB26FA3D" box="[1123,1189,1441,1463]" gridcol="7" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">43</td>
|
||
<td id="823C5DC8FFDF001A6C9064A4FAD8FA3D" box="[1226,1371,1441,1463]" gridcol="8" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">25</td>
|
||
<td id="823C5DC8FFDF001A6D3164A4FA05FA3D" box="[1387,1414,1441,1463]" gridcol="9" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="C1ED34B4FFDF001A68C564CFFA05FA6A" box="[159,1414,1482,1504]" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">
|
||
<th id="823C5DC8FFDF001A68C564CFFF5AFA6A" box="[159,217,1482,1504]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">Min</th>
|
||
<td id="823C5DC8FFDF001A68A664CFFE26FA6A" box="[252,421,1482,1504]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">140</td>
|
||
<td id="823C5DC8FFDF001A69EC64CFFD98FA6A" box="[438,539,1482,1504]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">40</td>
|
||
<td id="823C5DC8FFDF001A6A1964CFFD29FA6A" box="[579,682,1482,1504]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">110</td>
|
||
<td id="823C5DC8FFDF001A6A8864CFFCB6FA6A" box="[722,821,1482,1504]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">11</td>
|
||
<td id="823C5DC8FFDF001A6B3E64CFFC7AFA6A" box="[868,1017,1482,1504]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">5</td>
|
||
<td id="823C5DC8FFDF001A6C5664CFFBCDFA6A" box="[1036,1102,1482,1504]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">41</td>
|
||
<td id="823C5DC8FFDF001A6C3964CFFB26FA6A" box="[1123,1189,1482,1504]" gridcol="7" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">40</td>
|
||
<td id="823C5DC8FFDF001A6C9064CFFAD8FA6A" box="[1226,1371,1482,1504]" gridcol="8" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">23</td>
|
||
<td id="823C5DC8FFDF001A6D3164CFFA05FA6A" box="[1387,1414,1482,1504]" gridcol="9" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="C1ED34B4FFDF001A68C564F1FA05F980" box="[159,1414,1524,1546]" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">
|
||
<th id="823C5DC8FFDF001A68C564F1FF5AF980" box="[159,217,1524,1546]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">SD</th>
|
||
<td id="823C5DC8FFDF001A68A664F1FE26F980" box="[252,421,1524,1546]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">11</td>
|
||
<td id="823C5DC8FFDF001A69EC64F1FD98F980" box="[438,539,1524,1546]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">4</td>
|
||
<td id="823C5DC8FFDF001A6A1964F1FD29F980" box="[579,682,1524,1546]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">10</td>
|
||
<td id="823C5DC8FFDF001A6A8864F1FCB6F980" box="[722,821,1524,1546]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">2</td>
|
||
<td id="823C5DC8FFDF001A6B3E64F1FC7AF980" box="[868,1017,1524,1546]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">1</td>
|
||
<td id="823C5DC8FFDF001A6C5664F1FBCDF980" box="[1036,1102,1524,1546]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">3</td>
|
||
<td id="823C5DC8FFDF001A6C3964F1FB26F980" box="[1123,1189,1524,1546]" gridcol="7" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">5</td>
|
||
<td id="823C5DC8FFDF001A6C9064F1FAD8F980" box="[1226,1371,1524,1546]" gridcol="8" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">9</td>
|
||
<td id="823C5DC8FFDF001A6D3164F1FA05F980" box="[1387,1414,1524,1546]" gridcol="9" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7F6236F6FFDFFFE768C56718FDACF9FA" blockId="2.[159,1393,1565,1648]" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">Kin: Kineties; Kin df: Kineties of dorsal face; Kin vf: Kineties of ventral face; Ma: Macronucleus; Max: maximum; Mi: Micronucleus; Min: minimum; Mi Diam: Micronucleus diameter; Pv: Pulsatile vacuoles; SD: Standard Deviation; SF: Skeletal Fibers; µm: micrometer; N=30</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7F6236F6FFDFFFE7689D67B4FE06F8F4" blockId="2.[151,1436,1713,2026]" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">
|
||
<emphasis id="4DA9EAE4FFDFFFE7689D67B4FEB1F940" bold="true" box="[199,306,1713,1738]" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">Ciliature</emphasis>
|
||
. Ciliature topography is regular with an average of 85 meridional kineties homogenously covering the whole cell body (
|
||
<figureCitation id="E7E62A73FFDFFFE769CC67D0FE7EF964" box="[406,509,1749,1774]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1472,1494]" captionTargetBox="[250,1324,566,1363]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[177,1406,537,1459]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Hoplitophrya polymorphus sp. nov. A. ciliature of the ventral face with the skeletal apparatus in elongated form; B. ciliature of the ventral face in stocky form; C. ciliature of the dorsal face of elongated form; D. details of the skeletal apparatus; Fk. folding of kineties; Sl. suture line; Ss. Secant system. Scale bar: 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1195224/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Kineties from each side are separated by two laterals secant systems. These intersecting systems are not marked in the squat forms, but are well developed in elongated forms. A subset of adjacent kineties become folded at a distance below the skeletal apparatus the formingone (elongated forms) or two (stocky forms) sets of grooves in theanterior half and, sometimes, a series at the posterior two thirds of the cell (
|
||
<figureCitation id="E7E62A73FFDFFFE768C46660FEF4F8F4" box="[158,375,1893,1918]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1472,1494]" captionTargetBox="[250,1324,566,1363]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[177,1406,537,1459]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Hoplitophrya polymorphus sp. nov. A. ciliature of the ventral face with the skeletal apparatus in elongated form; B. ciliature of the ventral face in stocky form; C. ciliature of the dorsal face of elongated form; D. details of the skeletal apparatus; Fk. folding of kineties; Sl. suture line; Ss. Secant system. Scale bar: 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1195224/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">Figures 3A and 3B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7F6236F6FFDFFFE6689D668CFCD8FECA" blockId="2.[151,1436,1713,2026]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1436,151,320]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="172" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">
|
||
<emphasis id="4DA9EAE4FFDFFFE7689D668CFE26F828" bold="true" box="[199,421,1929,1954]" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">Skeletal apparatus</emphasis>
|
||
. The skeletal apparatus is located in an apical depression of the cell body. (
|
||
<figureCitation id="E7E62A73FFDFFFE76CB4668CFF39F84C" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1472,1494]" captionTargetBox="[250,1324,566,1363]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[177,1406,537,1459]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Hoplitophrya polymorphus sp. nov. A. ciliature of the ventral face with the skeletal apparatus in elongated form; B. ciliature of the ventral face in stocky form; C. ciliature of the dorsal face of elongated form; D. details of the skeletal apparatus; Fk. folding of kineties; Sl. suture line; Ss. Secant system. Scale bar: 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1195224/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="171">Figures 3A and 3B</figureCitation>
|
||
). In the elongated forms, it comprises V-shaped element whose extended branches widen in the transversal plan to the main axis of the cell. The two branches of the V-shaped element are unequal; the left branch is longer and more slender than the right branch (
|
||
<figureCitation id="E7E62A73FFDEFFE66A706192FD1EFF3A" box="[554,669,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1472,1494]" captionTargetBox="[250,1324,566,1363]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[177,1406,537,1459]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Hoplitophrya polymorphus sp. nov. A. ciliature of the ventral face with the skeletal apparatus in elongated form; B. ciliature of the ventral face in stocky form; C. ciliature of the dorsal face of elongated form; D. details of the skeletal apparatus; Fk. folding of kineties; Sl. suture line; Ss. Secant system. Scale bar: 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1195224/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="172">Figure 3D</figureCitation>
|
||
).These branches unite in a thickened top forming the salient part of the V-shaped element. Twenty fife skeletal fibres (average value) arise from the branches. These fibers extend on a short distance toward the posterior pole of the ciliate. Importantly, the skeletal fibres project from each of the branches. From the left arm, we can observe 6 to 11 thin and short fibres. In the squat forms, the structure of the skeletal apparatus is comparable to that of the elongated forms.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="2BA2667EFFDEFFE668CD664CFAD2F850" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1195222/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="172" startId="3.[151,250,1865,1887]" targetBox="[237,1413,461,1739]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="7F6236F6FFDEFFE668CD664CFAD2F850" blockId="3.[151,1437,1865,2010]" pageId="3" pageNumber="172">
|
||
<emphasis id="4DA9EAE4FFDEFFE668CD664CFE97F8D4" bold="true" box="[151,276,1865,1887]" pageId="3" pageNumber="172">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B8DD4D75FFDEFFE66941664CFDACF8D5" authority="Nana & Fokam & Viguès & Bricheux & Aghaindum & Ngassam & Nola & Sime-Ngando, 2018" authorityName="Nana & Fokam & Viguès & Bricheux & Aghaindum & Ngassam & Nola & Sime-Ngando" authorityYear="2018" box="[283,559,1865,1887]" class="Oligohymenophorea" family="Hoplitophryidae" genus="Hoplitophrya" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Astomatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="172" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="polymorphus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="4DA9EAE4FFDEFFE66941664CFDACF8D5" box="[283,559,1865,1887]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="172">Hoplitophrya polymorphus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="4DA9EAE4FFDEFFE66A6D664CFD41F8D5" bold="true" box="[567,706,1865,1887]" pageId="3" pageNumber="172">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="569A579FFFDEFFE66A6D664CFD0AF8D4" box="[567,649,1865,1886]" pageId="3" pageNumber="172" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
A–C
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. elongated form (drawing after silver staining);
|
||
<emphasis id="4DA9EAE4FFDEFFE66CE9664CFB61F8D5" bold="true" box="[1203,1250,1865,1887]" pageId="3" pageNumber="172">B–C</emphasis>
|
||
. elongated forms.
|
||
<emphasis id="4DA9EAE4FFDEFFE668CD666DFF2BF8F7" bold="true" box="[151,168,1896,1917]" pageId="3" pageNumber="172">B</emphasis>
|
||
. double staining by DAPI (blue) and immunofluorescence microscopy (IF) using FITC-conjugated anti-tubulin antibody (green);
|
||
<emphasis id="4DA9EAE4FFDEFFE668B46683FE83F816" bold="true" box="[238,256,1926,1948]" pageId="3" pageNumber="172">C</emphasis>
|
||
. DAPI staining and bright field microscopy merge;
|
||
<emphasis id="4DA9EAE4FFDEFFE66B7B6682FCB0F816" bold="true" box="[801,819,1927,1948]" pageId="3" pageNumber="172">D</emphasis>
|
||
. stocky form (drawing after silver staining);
|
||
<emphasis id="4DA9EAE4FFDEFFE66D586682FA90F816" bold="true" box="[1282,1299,1927,1948]" pageId="3" pageNumber="172">E</emphasis>
|
||
. stocky form stained by DAPI and FITC-conjugated anti-tubulin antibody (green);
|
||
<emphasis id="4DA9EAE4FFDEFFE66B0E66A3FCE2F831" bold="true" box="[852,865,1958,1979]" pageId="3" pageNumber="172">F</emphasis>
|
||
. Bright field microscopy of a silver stained stocky form;
|
||
<emphasis id="4DA9EAE4FFDEFFE668CD66C1FF38F853" bold="true" box="[151,187,1988,2009]" pageId="3" pageNumber="172">Ma</emphasis>
|
||
. macronucleus;
|
||
<emphasis id="4DA9EAE4FFDEFFE6693866C1FE02F850" bold="true" box="[354,385,1988,2010]" pageId="3" pageNumber="172">Mi</emphasis>
|
||
. micronucleus;
|
||
<emphasis id="4DA9EAE4FFDEFFE66A7966C6FDBCF850" bold="true" box="[547,575,1987,2010]" pageId="3" pageNumber="172">Sb</emphasis>
|
||
. skeletal branch;
|
||
<emphasis id="4DA9EAE4FFDEFFE66AA866C6FC8BF850" bold="true" box="[754,776,1987,2010]" pageId="3" pageNumber="172">Sf</emphasis>
|
||
. skeletal fibres;
|
||
<emphasis id="4DA9EAE4FFDEFFE66BEA66C1FC53F853" bold="true" box="[944,976,1988,2009]" pageId="3" pageNumber="172">Vp</emphasis>
|
||
. pulsatile vacuoles. Scale bar: 20 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="37C7657DFFD9FFE1689D6192FB27FF72" pageId="4" pageNumber="173" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="7F6236F6FFD9FFE1689D6192FB27FF72" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,501]" pageId="4" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<emphasis id="4DA9EAE4FFD9FFE1689D6192FEC2FF3A" bold="true" box="[199,321,151,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="173">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Commensal of the digestive tract of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B8DD4D75FFD9FFE16AB7619DFC04FF3A" authorityName="Grube" authorityYear="1855" box="[749,903,152,176]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossoscolecidae" genus="Alma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="173" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="nilotica">
|
||
<emphasis id="4DA9EAE4FFD9FFE16AB7619DFC04FF3A" box="[749,903,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="173">Alma nilotica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B8DD4D75FFD9FFE16B9A619DFBC1FF25" baseAuthorityName="Michaelsen" baseAuthorityYear="1892" box="[960,1090,152,176]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossoscolecidae" genus="Alma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="173" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="emini">
|
||
<emphasis id="4DA9EAE4FFD9FFE16B9A619DFBC1FF25" box="[960,1090,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="173">Alma emini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Shape cylindroid, 140–247
|
||
<date id="0B631036FFD9FFE16DD4619DFF30FF5E" pageId="4" pageNumber="173" value="1940-10">x 40</date>
|
||
–98 µm. A single row of 2 to 9 pulsatile vacuoles. 40–44 kineties on each side of the cell. The skeletal apparatus comprises 23–28 skeletal fibers which project from the two branches of a V-shaped element.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="37C7657DFFD9FFE1689D6001FE39FEEE" pageId="4" pageNumber="173" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="7F6236F6FFD9FFE1689D6001FBC6FE96" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,501]" box="[199,1093,260,285]" pageId="4" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<emphasis id="4DA9EAE4FFD9FFE1689D6001FEC0FE97" bold="true" box="[199,323,260,285]" pageId="4" pageNumber="173">Type host:</emphasis>
|
||
Foregut and midgut, in earthworms (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B8DD4D75FFD9FFE16ABC6001FCFDFE96" authorityName="Grube" authorityYear="1855" box="[742,894,260,284]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossoscolecidae" genus="Alma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="173" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="nilotica">
|
||
<emphasis id="4DA9EAE4FFD9FFE16ABC6001FCFDFE96" box="[742,894,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="173">Alma nilotica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B8DD4D75FFD9FFE16BEE6001FBB7FE96" baseAuthorityName="Michaelsen" baseAuthorityYear="1892" box="[948,1076,260,284]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossoscolecidae" genus="Alma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="173" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="emini">
|
||
<emphasis id="4DA9EAE4FFD9FFE16BEE6001FBB7FE96" box="[948,1076,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="173">Alma emini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7F6236F6FFD9FFE1689D6022FE39FEEE" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,501]" pageId="4" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="CFB53CABFFD9FFE1689D6022FE39FEEE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1834883371" country="Cameroon" latitude="4.5" location="Nkolbikogo" longLatPrecision="1306" longitude="11.833333" pageId="4" pageNumber="173" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Center" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="4DA9EAE4FFD9FFE1689D6022FEF1FECA" bold="true" box="[199,370,295,320]" pageId="4" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<typeStatus id="A0668854FFD9FFE1689D6022FE81FECA" box="[199,258,295,320]" pageId="4" pageNumber="173">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Ebebda (4°00’–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="1AE95031FFD9FFE16A67602DFD12FECA" box="[573,657,296,320]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="173" precision="925" value="4.5">4°30’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; 11°30’–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="1AE95031FFD9FFE16B5A6022FCDEFECA" box="[768,861,295,320]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="173" precision="925" value="11.833333">11°50’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) and
|
||
<location id="7A02602DFFD9FFE16BF46022FBB7FECA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F77487E0FFDFFFE168CD63C7FDB1FE7E:7A02602DFFD9FFE16BF46022FBB7FECA" box="[942,1076,295,320]" country="Cameroon" latitude="4.5" longLatPrecision="1306" longitude="11.833333" name="Nkolbikogo" pageId="4" pageNumber="173" stateProvince="Center">Nkolbikogo</location>
|
||
(3°65–4°N; 11°30’–11°70’E),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="BD19F814FFD9FFE168CD6049FF61FEEE" box="[151,226,332,356]" country="France" name="Centre" pageId="4" pageNumber="173">Center</collectingRegion>
|
||
region,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="07CA7666FFD9FFE169646049FE35FEEE" box="[318,438,332,356]" name="Cameroon" pageId="4" pageNumber="173">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="37C7657DFFD9FFE1689D606AFA87FE02" box="[199,1284,367,392]" pageId="4" pageNumber="173" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="7F6236F6FFD9FFE1689D606AFA87FE02" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,501]" box="[199,1284,367,392]" pageId="4" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<emphasis id="4DA9EAE4FFD9FFE1689D606AFED2FE02" bold="true" box="[199,337,367,392]" pageId="4" pageNumber="173">Etymology:</emphasis>
|
||
The species is named "
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B8DD4D75FFD9FFE16A036075FD68FE02" authorityName="Nana & Fokam & Viguès & Bricheux & Aghaindum & Ngassam & Nola & Sime-Ngando" authorityYear="2018" box="[601,747,368,392]" class="Oligohymenophorea" family="Hoplitophryidae" genus="Hoplitophrya" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Astomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="173" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="polymorphus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4DA9EAE4FFD9FFE16A036075FD68FE02" box="[601,747,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="173">polymorphus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
" in reference to the diversity of cellular shapes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="37C7657DFFD9FFE1689D6091FDB1FE7E" pageId="4" pageNumber="173" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="7F6236F6FFD9FFE1689D6091FD58FE45" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,501]" pageId="4" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="CFB53CABFFD9FFE1689D6091FD58FE45" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1834883486" country="France" location="National Museum of Natural History" municipality="Paris" pageId="4" pageNumber="173" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="4DA9EAE4FFD9FFE1689D6091FEF3FE27" bold="true" box="[199,368,404,429]" pageId="4" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<typeStatus id="A0668854FFD9FFE1689D6091FE81FE27" box="[199,258,404,429]" pageId="4" pageNumber="173">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
material
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Slides of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="A0668854FFD9FFE16A476091FDFCFE27" box="[541,639,404,429]" pageId="4" pageNumber="173" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(MNHN-IR-2017-0001) are deposited to the protist collection of the
|
||
<location id="7A02602DFFD9FFE168CD60B2FDB6FE5A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F77487E0FFDFFFE168CD63C7FDB1FE7E:7A02602DFFD9FFE168CD60B2FDB6FE5A" box="[151,565,439,464]" country="France" municipality="Paris" name="National Museum of Natural History" pageId="4" pageNumber="173">National Museum of Natural History</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="9F06AC8CFFD9FFE16A1B60B2FDFFFE5A" box="[577,636,439,464]" pageId="4" pageNumber="173">Paris</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="07CA7666FFD9FFE16ADD60BDFD54FE45" box="[647,727,440,463]" name="France" pageId="4" pageNumber="173">France</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7F6236F6FFD9FFE1689D60D9FDB1FE7E" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,501]" box="[199,562,476,501]" pageId="4" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<emphasis id="4DA9EAE4FFD9FFE1689D60D9FEFBFE7F" bold="true" box="[199,376,476,501]" pageId="4" pageNumber="173">Deposited date</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<date id="0B631036FFD9FFE169DC60D9FDADFE7E" box="[390,558,476,501]" pageId="4" pageNumber="173" value="2017-02">February 2017</date>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |