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<document id="FC0D683CEA7115C26AB6649A6E3291C7" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4037.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0dd60c86-99b2-43f8-a06e-18d012818103" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="233519" ID-ZooBank="670819B1-3840-4C0A-ABFF-4D5AE3A263C0" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461308665603" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Kaczmarek, Łukasz, Bartels, Paul J., Roszkowska, Milena &amp; Nelson, Diane R." docDate="2015" docId="A5435063FFE9FFE9FF18FADAFCE6FCF5" docLanguage="en" docName="zt04037p189.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4037 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Actinarctus physophorus Grimaldi" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="121" masterDocId="597A281BFF9EFF91FF8FFFBCFFFFFFCD" masterDocTitle="The Zoogeography of Marine Tardigrada" masterLastPageNumber="189" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="120" updateTime="1698618093469" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="4D78F0D8720CAFCEC15382C62E8C2C6F" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="4EAA3D74459CB456EA5B5F4002492BFD">
<mods:title id="01774AFE3074727BC721339DD3AD9155">The Zoogeography of Marine Tardigrada</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9D4470E89F7D93DDEE37F5DCB3A56723">Kaczmarek, Łukasz</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="91B610F364D3E1778364C70F9BC70CF1">Roszkowska, Milena</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="CB2F613D9EBD445E4A4637335370896B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="345D42A8FD255D374647CA4394816376">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="649609DFED313355CEF118ACBE04DC19" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4037.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="A5435063FFE9FFE9FF18FADAFCE6FCF5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5632636" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119643768" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5632636" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A5435063FFE9FFE9FF18FADAFCE6FCF5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A5435063FFE9FFE9FF18FADAFCE6FCF5" lastPageId="120" lastPageNumber="121" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
<subSubSection id="65F0B2FEFFE9FFE6FF18FADAFA63FAB2" box="[151,1436,1382,1407]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="2D55E175FFE9FFE6FF18FADAFA63FAB2" blockId="119.[151,1436,1382,2016]" box="[151,1436,1382,1407]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
<heading id="761D5619FFE9FFE6FF18FADAFA63FAB2" bold="true" box="[151,1436,1382,1407]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" reason="2">
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE9FFE6FF18FADAFA63FAB2" bold="true" box="[151,1436,1382,1407]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
128.
<taxonomicName id="EAEA9AF6FFE9FFE6FF41FADAFD9CFAB2" ID-CoL="9SVZ" authority="Grimaldi" authorityName="Grimaldi" box="[206,611,1382,1407]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Actinarctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="physophorus">
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE9FFE6FF41FADAFE10FAB2" bold="true" box="[206,495,1382,1407]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Actinarctus physophorus</emphasis>
Grimaldi
</taxonomicName>
de Zio, D’Addabbo Gallo, Morone
<collectingCountry id="55FDA1E5FFE9FFE6FB86FADAFBD5FAB2" box="[1033,1066,1382,1407]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">De</collectingCountry>
Lucia, Vaccarella &amp; Grimaldi,
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="65F0B2FEFFE9FFE6FF18FA37FC7DFA0A" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" type="description">
<paragraph id="2D55E175FFE9FFE6FF18FA37FEA7FA69" blockId="119.[151,1436,1382,2016]" box="[151,344,1419,1444]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE9FFE6FF18FA37FEA7FA69" bold="true" box="[151,344,1419,1444]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
1982a
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE9FFE6FF6BFA37FEA7FA69" bold="true" box="[228,344,1419,1444]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">sensu lato</emphasis>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2D55E175FFE9FFE6FF40FA0CFC7DFA0A" blockId="119.[151,1436,1382,2016]" box="[207,898,1455,1480]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
<taxonomicName id="EAEA9AF6FFE9FFE6FF40FA0CFE18FA05" box="[207,487,1455,1480]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Actinarctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="physophorus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE9FFE6FF40FA0CFE18FA05" box="[207,487,1455,1480]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Actinarctus physophorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="04AD801CFFE9FFE6FE61FA0CFDD5FA0A" box="[494,554,1456,1479]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(Grimaldi de Zio
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE9FFE6FD7AFA0CFCD2FA05" box="[757,813,1455,1480]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">et al.</emphasis>
1982a)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="65F0B2FEFFE9FFE9FF40FA68FC46FD48" lastPageId="120" lastPageNumber="121" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="2D55E175FFE9FFE6FF40FA68FD1EF96F" blockId="119.[151,1436,1382,2016]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
<taxonomicName id="EAEA9AF6FFE9FFE6FF40FA68FE0EFA21" ID-CoL="9SVZ" authority="Grimaldi" authorityName="Grimaldi" box="[207,497,1491,1516]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Actinarctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="physophorus">
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE9FFE6FF40FA68FE7AFA21" box="[207,389,1491,1516]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">A. physophorus,</emphasis>
Grimaldi
</taxonomicName>
de Zio et alii 1982 (Grimaldi de Zio
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE9FFE6FC1EFA69FC36FA21" box="[913,969,1491,1516]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">et al.</emphasis>
1983b)
<taxonomicName id="EAEA9AF6FFE9FFE6FF40FA44FDA5F9DD" ID-CoL="9SVZ" authority="Grimaldi" authorityName="Grimaldi" box="[207,602,1527,1552]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Actinarctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="physophorus">
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE9FFE6FF40FA44FE14F9DD" box="[207,491,1527,1552]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Actinarctus physophorus</emphasis>
Grimaldi
</taxonomicName>
de Zio
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE9FFE6FD33FA45FD06F9DD" box="[700,761,1527,1552]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">et al.</emphasis>
, 1982 (D’Addabbo
<bibRefCitation id="497B9C84FFE9FFE6FC6AFA4BFB4FF9DD" author="Gallo" box="[997,1200,1527,1552]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" refString="D'Addabbo Gallo, M., Morone de Lucia, M. R. &amp; Grimaldi de Zio, S. (1987) Heterotardigrada of the Amendolara Shoal, High Ionian Sea. In: R. Bertolani, editor. Biology of Tardigrades. Selected Symposia and Monographs U. Z I., 1. Mucchi, Modena, Italy, pp. 93 - 101." type="journal article" year="1987">
Gallo
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE9FFE6FBA1FA45FB94F9DD" box="[1070,1131,1527,1552]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">et al.</emphasis>
1987
</bibRefCitation>
, Grimaldi de Zio &amp; D’Addabbo
<bibRefCitation id="497B9C84FFE9FFE6FED4F9A0FE24F9F8" author="Gallo" box="[347,475,1564,1589]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" refString="D'Addabbo Gallo, M., Morone de Lucia, M. R. &amp; Grimaldi de Zio, S. (1987) Heterotardigrada of the Amendolara Shoal, High Ionian Sea. In: R. Bertolani, editor. Biology of Tardigrades. Selected Symposia and Monographs U. Z I., 1. Mucchi, Modena, Italy, pp. 93 - 101." type="journal article" year="1987">Gallo 1987</bibRefCitation>
, Villora-Moreno &amp; Grimaldi de
<bibRefCitation id="497B9C84FFE9FFE6FCC6F9A0FC4EF9F8" author="Zio" box="[841,945,1564,1589]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" refString="Villora-Moreno, S. &amp; Grimaldi de Zio, S. (1996) New records of marine Tardigrada in the Mediterranean Sea. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 116, 149 - 166. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1996. tb 02340. x" type="journal article" year="1996">Zio 1996</bibRefCitation>
, D’Addabbo Gallo
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE9FFE6FB03F9A1FB3AF9F8" box="[1164,1221,1564,1589]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">et al.</emphasis>
2007)
<taxonomicName id="EAEA9AF6FFE9FFE6FF40F9FDFD89F994" ID-CoL="9SVZ" authority="Grimaldi" authorityName="Grimaldi" box="[207,630,1600,1625]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Actinarctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="physophorus">
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE9FFE6FF40F9FDFEAFF995" box="[207,336,1601,1624]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Actinarctus</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE9FFE6FEF4F9FCFDF5F994" box="[379,522,1600,1625]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">physophorus</emphasis>
Grimaldi
</taxonomicName>
de Zio, 1982 (
<bibRefCitation id="497B9C84FFE9FFE6FC95F9FCFBA5F994" author="Kristensen" box="[794,1114,1600,1625]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" refString="Kristensen, R. M. &amp; Neuhaus, B. (1999) The ultrastructure of the tardigrade cuticle with special attention to marine species. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 238, 261 - 281." type="journal article" year="1999">Kristensen &amp; Neuhaus 1999</bibRefCitation>
)
<taxonomicName id="EAEA9AF6FFE9FFE6FF40F9D9FD89F9B0" ID-CoL="9SVZ" authority="Grimaldi" authorityName="Grimaldi" box="[207,630,1636,1661]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Actinarctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="physophorus">
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE9FFE6FF40F9D9FEAFF9B1" box="[207,336,1637,1660]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Actinarctus</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE9FFE6FEF4F9D8FDF5F9B0" box="[379,522,1636,1661]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">physophorus</emphasis>
Grimaldi
</taxonomicName>
de
<bibRefCitation id="497B9C84FFE9FFE6FD10F9D8FCF3F9B0" author="Zio" box="[671,780,1636,1661]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" refString="D'Addabbo Gallo, M., Grimaldi de Zio, S. &amp; Morone de Lucia, M. R. (1984) Styraconyx testudo n. sp., a new Styraconyxinae of the Mediterranean Sea (Arthrotardigrada: Halechiniscidae). Oebalia, 10, 95 - 103." type="journal article" year="1984">Zio, 1984</bibRefCitation>
(
<bibRefCitation id="497B9C84FFE9FFE6FC95F9D9FC10F9B0" author="Hansen" box="[794,1007,1636,1661]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" refString="Hansen, J. G., Jorgensen, A. &amp; Kristensen, R. M. (2001) Preliminary studies of the tardigrade fauna of the Faroe Bank. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 240, 385 - 393. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1078 / 0044 - 5231 - 00046" type="journal article" year="2001">
Hansen
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE9FFE6FCF8F9DAFC50F9B0" box="[887,943,1636,1661]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">et al.</emphasis>
2001
</bibRefCitation>
)
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE9FFE6FF40F935FD1EF96F" bold="true" box="[207,737,1673,1698]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
<taxonomicName id="EAEA9AF6FFE9FFE6FF40F935FDD7F96F" authority="Tyrrhenian Sea" authorityName="Tyrrhenian Sea" box="[207,552,1673,1698]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Terra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="typica">
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE9FFE6FF40F935FEA3F96F" bold="true" box="[207,348,1673,1698]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Terra typica</emphasis>
: Tyrrhenian Sea
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectingCountry id="55FDA1E5FFE9FFE6FDB8F935FD8DF96F" box="[567,626,1673,1698]" name="Italy" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Italy</collectingCountry>
, Europe)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2D55E175FFE9FFE6FF18F911FEABF90B" blockId="119.[151,1436,1382,2016]" box="[151,340,1709,1734]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE9FFE6FF18F911FEABF90B" bold="true" box="[151,340,1709,1734]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Atlantic Ocean:</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2D55E175FFE9FFE6FF18F970FB8FF8C5" blockId="119.[151,1436,1382,2016]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
•
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE9FFE6FF48F977FD3EF929" bold="true" box="[199,705,1739,1764]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
<geoCoordinate id="48DE87B2FFE9FFE6FF48F977FEADF929" box="[199,338,1739,1764]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" precision="15" value="61.295">61°17′42′′N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="48DE87B2FFE9FFE6FEECF977FE07F929" box="[355,504,1739,1764]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" precision="15" value="-8.538334">08°32′18′′W</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="EA124C90FFE9FFE6FD87F977FD74F929" box="[520,651,1739,1764]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8199999999999998" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="1.04" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" unit="m" value="182.0" valueMax="260.0" valueMin="104.0">104–260 m</quantity>
bsl:
</emphasis>
[
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE9FFE6FD5AF977FCCEF929" bold="true" box="[725,817,1739,1764]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">FAO27]</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="55FDA1E5FFE9FFE6FCB1F970FC25F929" box="[830,986,1739,1764]" name="Faroe Islands" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Faroe Islands</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="55FDA1E5FFE9FFE6FC67F970FBD7F92E" box="[1000,1064,1740,1763]" name="Faroe Islands" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Faroe</collectingCountry>
Bank, shell gravel, coarse shell gravel, fine carbonate sand, carbonate sand, or fine shell sand.
<bibRefCitation id="497B9C84FFE9FFE6FC0AF953FB8FF8C5" box="[901,1136,1775,1800]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" refString="Hansen, J. G., Jorgensen, A. &amp; Kristensen, R. M. (2001) Preliminary studies of the tardigrade fauna of the Faroe Bank. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 240, 385 - 393. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1078 / 0044 - 5231 - 00046" type="journal article">
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE9FFE6FC0AF953FC20F8C5" bold="true" box="[901,991,1775,1800]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Hansen</emphasis>
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE9FFE6FC68F94CFBE0F8C5" box="[999,1055,1775,1800]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">et al.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE9FFE6FBA9F953FB8FF8C5" bold="true" box="[1062,1136,1775,1800]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">(2001)</emphasis>
</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2D55E175FFE9FFE6FF18F8A8FD4EF89D" blockId="119.[151,1436,1382,2016]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
•
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE9FFE6FF48F8AFFE11F8E1" bold="true" box="[199,494,1811,1836]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
<geoCoordinate id="48DE87B2FFE9FFE6FF48F8AFFEB5F8E1" box="[199,330,1811,1836]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" precision="9" value="61.0935">61°05.61′N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="48DE87B2FFE9FFE6FED4F8AFFE1CF8E1" box="[347,483,1811,1836]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" precision="9" value="-8.5928335">08°35.57′W</geoCoordinate>
/
</emphasis>
<geoCoordinate id="48DE87B2FFE9FFE6FE77F8AFFDA7F8E1" box="[504,600,1811,1836]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" precision="925" value="61.1">61°06′N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="48DE87B2FFE9FFE6FDE7F8AFFD31F8E1" box="[616,718,1811,1836]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" precision="925" value="-8.6">08°36′W</geoCoordinate>
;
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE9FFE6FD52F8AFFC8AF8E1" bold="true" box="[733,885,1811,1836]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
<quantity id="EA124C90FFE9FFE6FD52F8AFFCC1F8E1" box="[733,830,1811,1836]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.033" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" unit="m" value="103.3">103.3 m</quantity>
bsl:
</emphasis>
[
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE9FFE6FC05F8AFFC17F8E1" bold="true" box="[906,1000,1811,1836]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">FAO27]</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="55FDA1E5FFE9FFE6FC7CF8A8FB70F8E1" box="[1011,1167,1811,1836]" name="Faroe Islands" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Faroe Islands</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="55FDA1E5FFE9FFE6FB10F8A8FB20F8E6" box="[1183,1247,1812,1835]" name="Faroe Islands" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Faroe</collectingCountry>
Bank, BIOFAR station 787.
<bibRefCitation id="497B9C84FFE9FFE6FEDFF88BFD4EF89D" author="Kristensen" box="[336,689,1847,1872]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" refString="Kristensen, R. M. &amp; Neuhaus, B. (1999) The ultrastructure of the tardigrade cuticle with special attention to marine species. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 238, 261 - 281." type="journal article" year="1999">
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE9FFE6FEDFF88BFD4EF89D" bold="true" box="[336,689,1847,1872]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Kristensen &amp; Neuhaus (1999)</emphasis>
</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2D55E175FFE9FFE6FF18F8E7FECBF8B9" blockId="119.[151,1436,1382,2016]" box="[151,308,1883,1908]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE9FFE6FF18F8E7FECBF8B9" bold="true" box="[151,308,1883,1908]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Alboran Sea:</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2D55E175FFE9FFE6FF18F83CFAADF871" blockId="119.[151,1436,1382,2016]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
•
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE9FFE6FF48F8C3FDEEF855" box="[199,529,1919,1944]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
<geoCoordinate id="48DE87B2FFE9FFE6FF48F8C3FEDCF855" box="[199,291,1919,1944]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" precision="925" value="35.183334">35°11′N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="48DE87B2FFE9FFE6FEBAF8C3FE68F855" box="[309,407,1919,1944]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" precision="925" value="-2.4333334">02°26′W</geoCoordinate>
; 0 m bsl:
</emphasis>
[
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE9FFE6FDA8F8C3FD7CF855" bold="true" box="[551,643,1919,1944]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">FAO37]</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="55FDA1E5FFE9FFE6FD1CF83CFD04F85A" box="[659,763,1920,1943]" name="Morocco" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Morocco</collectingCountry>
, Chafarinas Islands, Congreso
<collectingCountry id="55FDA1E5FFE9FFE6FBE1F8C3FB4DF855" box="[1134,1202,1919,1944]" name="Iceland" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Island</collectingCountry>
[
<collectingCountry id="55FDA1E5FFE9FFE6FB49F8C3FB0EF855" box="[1222,1265,1919,1944]" name="Iceland" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Isla</collectingCountry>
del Congres], sublittoral mixed environment,
<taxonomicName id="EAEA9AF6FFE9FFE6FDA7F81FFD5BF871" box="[552,676,1955,1980]" class="Leptocardii" family="Branchiostomatidae" genus="Amphioxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE9FFE6FDA7F81FFD5BF871" box="[552,676,1955,1980]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Amphioxus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gravel (2 sites).
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE9FFE6FCEFF81FFAADF871" bold="true" box="[864,1362,1955,1980]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
Villora-Moreno &amp; Grimaldi de
<bibRefCitation id="497B9C84FFE9FFE6FB57F81FFAADF871" author="Zio" box="[1240,1362,1955,1980]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" refString="Villora-Moreno, S. &amp; Grimaldi de Zio, S. (1996) New records of marine Tardigrada in the Mediterranean Sea. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 116, 149 - 166. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1996. tb 02340. x" type="journal article" year="1996">Zio (1996)</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2D55E175FFE9FFE6FF18F874FEA3F82D" blockId="119.[151,1436,1382,2016]" box="[151,348,1991,2016]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">• Balearic Sea:</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2D55E175FFE6FFE9FF18FF24FD92FF18" blockId="120.[151,1437,151,824]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
•
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE6FFE9FF48FF2BFE6AFF7D" box="[199,405,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
<geoCoordinate id="48DE87B2FFE6FFE9FF48FF2BFED9FF7D" box="[199,294,151,176]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" precision="925" value="40.333332">40°20′N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="48DE87B2FFE6FFE9FEBEFF2BFE71FF7D" box="[305,398,151,176]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" precision="925" value="8.366667">08°22′E</geoCoordinate>
;
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE6FFE9FE13FF2BFDF5FF7D" bold="true" box="[412,522,151,176]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
<quantity id="EA124C90FFE6FFE9FE13FF2BFE28FF7D" box="[412,471,151,176]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
bsl:
</emphasis>
[
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE6FFE9FD94FF2BFD85FF7D" bold="true" box="[539,634,151,176]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">FAO37]</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="55FDA1E5FFE6FFE9FD0EFF2BFD4AFF7D" box="[641,693,151,176]" name="Italy" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">Italy</collectingCountry>
, Sardinia, Sassari or Oristano Province, Gulf of Alghero, medium sand.
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE6FFE9FE87FF00FE23FF18" bold="true" box="[264,476,188,213]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">D’Addabbo Gallo</emphasis>
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE6FFE9FE6BFF01FDE3FF18" box="[484,540,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">et al.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE6FFE9FDACFF00FD92FF18" bold="true" box="[547,621,188,213]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">(2007)</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2D55E175FFE6FFE9FF18FF63FEE0FF35" blockId="120.[151,1437,151,824]" box="[151,287,223,248]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE6FFE9FF18FF63FEE0FF35" bold="true" box="[151,287,223,248]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">Ionian Sea:</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2D55E175FFE6FFE9FF18FEB9FD46FE45" blockId="120.[151,1437,151,824]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
•
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE6FFE9FF48FEB8FD46FED0" bold="true" box="[199,697,260,285]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
<geoCoordinate id="48DE87B2FFE6FFE9FF48FEB8FEACFED0" box="[199,339,260,285]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" precision="15" value="39.866665">39°52′00′′N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="48DE87B2FFE6FFE9FEE9FEB8FE0BFED0" box="[358,500,260,285]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" precision="15" value="16.708334">16°42′30′′E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="EA124C90FFE6FFE9FD88FEB8FD80FED0" box="[519,639,260,285]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.2" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" unit="m" value="110.0" valueMax="200.0" valueMin="20.0">20–200 m</quantity>
bsl:
</emphasis>
[
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE6FFE9FD5FFEB8FCD3FED0" bold="true" box="[720,812,260,285]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">FAO37]</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="55FDA1E5FFE6FFE9FCB3FEB8FC8FFED0" box="[828,880,260,285]" name="Italy" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">Italy</collectingCountry>
, Cosenza Province, High Ionian Sea offshore, Calabrian Coast, Amendolara Shoal, coralligenous sand, coralligenous sand mixed with debris, coarse medium or fine coralligenous sand (few samples).
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE6FFE9FD29FEF0FC83FEA8" bold="true" box="[678,892,332,357]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
D’Addabbo
<bibRefCitation id="497B9C84FFE6FFE9FCB4FEF0FC83FEA8" box="[827,892,332,357]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" refString="D'Addabbo Gallo, M., Morone de Lucia, M. R. &amp; Grimaldi de Zio, S. (1987) Heterotardigrada of the Amendolara Shoal, High Ionian Sea. In: R. Bertolani, editor. Biology of Tardigrades. Selected Symposia and Monographs U. Z I., 1. Mucchi, Modena, Italy, pp. 93 - 101." type="journal article">Gallo</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE6FFE9FC0AFEF1FC3FFEA8" box="[901,960,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">et al.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE6FFE9FC47FEF0FDD7FE45" bold="true" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
(1987), Grimaldi de Zio &amp; D’Addabbo
<bibRefCitation id="497B9C84FFE6FFE9FF48FED3FEA4FE45" author="Gallo" box="[199,347,367,392]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" refString="D'Addabbo Gallo, M., Morone de Lucia, M. R. &amp; Grimaldi de Zio, S. (1987) Heterotardigrada of the Amendolara Shoal, High Ionian Sea. In: R. Bertolani, editor. Biology of Tardigrades. Selected Symposia and Monographs U. Z I., 1. Mucchi, Modena, Italy, pp. 93 - 101." type="journal article" year="1987">Gallo (1987)</bibRefCitation>
, Grimaldi de
<bibRefCitation id="497B9C84FFE6FFE9FD8FFED3FDD7FE45" box="[512,552,367,392]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" refString="Hansen, J. G., D'Addabbo Gallo, M. &amp; Grimaldi De Zio, S. (2003) A comparison of morphological characters within the genus Rhomboarctus (Tardigrada: Heterotardigrada) with the description of two new species. Zoologischer Anzeiger, (242) 1, 83 - 96. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1078 / 0044 - 5231 - 00089" type="journal article">Zio</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE6FFE9FDBFFECDFD97FE45" box="[560,616,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">et al.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE6FFE9FDE0FED3FD46FE45" bold="true" box="[623,697,367,392]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">(2003)</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2D55E175FFE6FFE9FF18FE28FEA6FE60" blockId="120.[151,1437,151,824]" box="[151,345,404,429]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE6FFE9FF18FE28FEA6FE60" bold="true" box="[151,345,404,429]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">Tyrrhenian Sea:</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2D55E175FFE6FFE9FF18FE04FD83FDD5" blockId="120.[151,1437,151,824]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
•
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE6FFE9FF48FE0BFD95FE1D" bold="true" box="[199,618,439,464]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
<geoCoordinate id="48DE87B2FFE6FFE9FF48FE0BFEACFE1D" box="[199,339,439,464]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" precision="15" value="40.58611">40°35′10′′N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="48DE87B2FFE6FFE9FEEEFE0BFE11FE1D" box="[353,494,439,464]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" precision="15" value="14.327222">14°19′38′′E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="EA124C90FFE6FFE9FE73FE0BFDC9FE1D" box="[508,566,439,464]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" unit="m" value="12.0">12 m</quantity>
bsl:
</emphasis>
[
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE6FFE9FDF3FE0BFC6FFE1D" bold="true" box="[636,912,439,464]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
FAO37]
<typeStatus id="F2515FD7FFE6FFE9FD6DFE0BFCE2FE1D" box="[738,797,439,464]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">Type</typeStatus>
Locality:
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="55FDA1E5FFE6FFE9FC17FE0BFC33FE1D" box="[920,972,439,464]" name="Italy" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">Italy</collectingCountry>
, Province of Naples, Sorrento Peninsula, Massa Lubrense, Cala di Mitigliano, cave (Grotta di Mitigliano), subtidal, organic detritus and 33% gravel.
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE6FFE9FF48FE43FE78FDD5" bold="true" box="[199,391,511,536]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">Grimaldi de Zio</emphasis>
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE6FFE9FE00FDBDFE38FDD5" box="[399,455,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">et al.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE6FFE9FE41FE43FD83FDD5" bold="true" box="[462,636,511,536]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">(1982a, 1983b)</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2D55E175FFE6FFE9FF18FD98FE07FDAD" blockId="120.[151,1437,151,824]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE6FFE9FF18FD98FD59FDF0" bold="true" box="[151,678,548,573]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">Record numbers (Sea/Ocean classification):</emphasis>
Atlantic Ocean: 2, Alboran Sea: 1, Balearic Sea: 1, Ionian Sea: 1, Tyrrhenian Sea: 1;
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE6FFE9FE13FDFBFE07FDAD" bold="true" box="[412,504,583,608]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">total: 6.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2D55E175FFE6FFE9FF18FDD0FC46FD48" blockId="120.[151,1437,151,824]" box="[151,953,620,645]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE6FFE9FF18FDD0FDA3FD48" bold="true" box="[151,604,620,645]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">Record numbers (FAO classification):</emphasis>
FAO27: 2, FAO37: 4;
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE6FFE9FCD2FDD0FC46FD48" bold="true" box="[861,953,620,645]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">total: 6.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="65F0B2FEFFE6FFE9FF18FD33FCE6FCF5" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="2D55E175FFE6FFE9FF18FD33FCE6FCF5" blockId="120.[151,1437,151,824]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE6FFE9FF18FD33FEF2FD65" bold="true" box="[151,269,655,680]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">Remarks:</emphasis>
This intertidal-subtidal species is known mainly from the Mediterranean region although it has also been reported from the deep subtidal zone in the Atlantic Ocean. However, the deep water specimens of both
<bibRefCitation id="497B9C84FFE6FFE9FF48FD6BFDD5FD3D" author="Kristensen" box="[199,554,727,752]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" refString="Kristensen, R. M. &amp; Neuhaus, B. (1999) The ultrastructure of the tardigrade cuticle with special attention to marine species. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 238, 261 - 281." type="journal article" year="1999">Kristensen &amp; Neuhaus (1999)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="497B9C84FFE6FFE9FDE2FD64FC9AFD3D" box="[621,869,727,752]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" refString="Hansen, J. G., Jorgensen, A. &amp; Kristensen, R. M. (2001) Preliminary studies of the tardigrade fauna of the Faroe Bank. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 240, 385 - 393. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1078 / 0044 - 5231 - 00046" type="journal article">
Hansen
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE6FFE9FD40FD65FCF2FD3D" box="[719,781,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">et al.</emphasis>
(2001)
</bibRefCitation>
were reported as
<taxonomicName id="EAEA9AF6FFE6FFE9FBC8FD64FAD9FD3D" box="[1095,1318,727,752]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Actinarctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="physophorus">
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE6FFE9FBC8FD64FBA0FD22" box="[1095,1119,728,751]" italics="true" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">A.</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="1F9E3D67FFE6FFE9FB18FD6BFAD9FD3D" box="[1175,1318,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">physophorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with the suggestion that these specimens from the
<collectingCountry id="55FDA1E5FFE6FFE9FD10FD41FD20FCD9" box="[671,735,765,788]" name="Faroe Islands" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">Faroe</collectingCountry>
Bank (Atlantic Ocean) could belong to a new species. This is an interstitial species found mainly in sand or gravel.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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