treatments-xml/data/7A/A9/8D/7AA98D52E640857CE965D3D288E4E23E.xml
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.283.3277" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6a38a926-79f8-4366-a2e0-6c81017da681" ID-PMC="PMC3677361" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-283-7" ID-PubMed="23794839" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2013" ModsDocID="1313-2970-283-7" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 283" ModsDocTitle="Bellisotoma, a new genus of Isotomidae from North America (Hexapoda, Collembola)" checkinTime="1451247476954" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Soto-Adames, Felipe N., Giordano, Rosanna &amp; Christiansen, Kenneth" docDate="2013" docId="7AA98D52E640857CE965D3D288E4E23E" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 283: 7-13" docOrigin="ZooKeys 283" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.283.3277" docTitle="Bellisotoma Soto-Adames, Giordano &amp; Christiansen, gen. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="9" masterDocId="FFE4FFA7FFE2D5521529A770FFA92D46" masterDocTitle="Bellisotoma, a new genus of Isotomidae from North America (Hexapoda, Collembola)" masterLastPageNumber="13" masterPageNumber="7" pageNumber="8" updateTime="1668155583637" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Bellisotoma, a new genus of Isotomidae from North America (Hexapoda, Collembola)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Soto-Adames, Felipe N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Giordano, Rosanna</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Christiansen, Kenneth</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>283</mods:number>
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<mods:start>7</mods:start>
<mods:end>13</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.283.3277</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.283.3277</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-283-7</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152042217" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AFA4345E-D38F-4D33-8FC4-881181109D23" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7AA98D52E640857CE965D3D288E4E23E" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="1" pageNumber="8">
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="8" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AFA4345E-D38F-4D33-8FC4-881181109D23" authority="Soto-Adames, Giordano &amp; Christiansen" class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Bellisotoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bellisotoma" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Bellisotoma Soto-Adames, Giordano &amp; Christiansen</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="1" pageNumber="8">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="8" type="type species">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="8">Type species.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Subisotoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Subisotoma joycei" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="joycei">Subisotoma joycei</taxonomicName>
Soto-Adames &amp; Giordano, 2011.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="8" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="8">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="8">The new genus is dedicated to Ross and Joyce Bell, in celebration of their contributions to the study of the entomological fauna of Vermont.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="8" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="8">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="8">
General body shape short and stout, with sudden bend between abdominal segments 4-5 as in
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Folsomides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Folsomides" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Folsomides</taxonomicName>
. Cuticle smooth, granular complex formed by single light granules surrounded by 4-7 darker granules (Fig. 1), granular complexes irregular. Basal microsensilla on antennal segments 3-4 not differentiated; second antennal segment with 3 basal microsensilla; first antennal segment with 17-18 setae, 2 basal microsensilla, 3 basal ventral sensilla and 2 other distal sensilla. Prelabral setae 2; outer maxillary lobe with apical seta simple, sublobal plate with four appendages; labial palp with three proximal setae, all papilla present, guard seta e7 absent. Tergal microsensilla formula 10//101; number of tergal sensilla variable, but adults always with more than eight sensilla on each segment; medial abdominal sensilla inserted either on or just anterior to posterior row (Figs 7-8). Ventral thoracic setae absent. Sterna of second abdominal segment without isolated field of setae. All legs with more than 21 setae; legs with 1-3 weakly capitate or acuminate tenent hairs; setae B4 and B5 present, B5 longer than B4; adult males with setae B5 and x modified. Manubrium without ventral setae. Dens smooth, cylindrical, and shorter than manubrium; dorsal setae long and abundant, distributed throughout dens length; ventral setae few and restricted to distal half of dens. Mucro bidentate (Fig. 2), about half as long as dens, fused to dens dorsally, articulated ventrally; with wide dorsal lamellae that join clearly before the end of mucronal axis without forming a tooth (Fig. 3), and a ventral rib with basal notch that articulates with dens (Fig. 4).
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="1" pageNumber="8">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="8">
Figure 1-10.
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Bellisotoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bellisotoma joycei" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="joycei">Bellisotoma joycei</taxonomicName>
. 1 Ornamentation of dorsal cuticle of head 2 Lateral view of mucro, holotype 3 Oblique view of mucro, specimen from Quebec, hatched lines represent ventral rib and mucronal articulation 4 Ventral mucronal rib and articulation 5 Lateral view of fronto-clipeal region (Ant. 1-2 are 1st and 2nd antennal segments) and labrum (Lm) showing relative placement of prelabral setae 6 Dorsal view of prelabral region, only the inner setae are inserted just basal to labral suture, arrows point at corresponding seta on lateral view of head 7 Chaetotaxy of thorax 2- abdomen 3, asterisks identify microsensilla 8 Chaetotaxy of abdomen 4-5 (from
<bibRefCitation author="Soto-Adames, FN" journalOrPublisher="Zookeys" pageId="4" pageNumber="11" pagination="19 - 37" title="New species of springtails in the Proisotoma genus complex from Vermont and New York, USA with descriptive notes on Ballistura alpa Christiansen &amp; Bellinger 1980 (Hexapoda, Collembola, Isotomidae)." url="10.3897/zookeys.147.2093" volume="147" year="2011">Soto-Adames and Giordano 2011</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Bellisotoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bellisotoma ewingi" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ewingi">Bellisotoma ewingi</taxonomicName>
, lectotype 9 Structure of mucro (phase/contrast), dorsal and lateral views 10 Scan of lectotype slide and detail of habitus (DIC) showing general condition of specimen.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="1" pageNumber="8" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="8">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="1" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Bellisotoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bellisotoma" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Bellisotoma</taxonomicName>
gen. n. belongs to the
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Isotopenola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Isotopenola" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Isotopenola</taxonomicName>
-
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Subisotoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Subisotoma" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Subisotoma</taxonomicName>
genera complex, but unlike these genera, the new genus shows a furcula adapted to a neustonic mode of life, as evidenced by the thick polychaetotic dens and lamellate mucro.
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Bellisotoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bellisotoma" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Bellisotoma</taxonomicName>
gen. n. differs from all other genera by the combination of having a mucro with lamellae that join subapically without forming a tooth, by the presence of a large number of dorsal setae on dens, presence of sensillar polychaetosis, smooth cuticle and second abdominal sternum segment without isolated setae field. The new genus is similar
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Isotopenola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Isotopenola" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Isotopenola</taxonomicName>
Potapov, Babenko, Fjellberg and Greenslade and
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Subisotoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Subisotoma" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Subisotoma</taxonomicName>
, as
<pageBreakToken pageId="2" pageNumber="9" start="start">circumscribed</pageBreakToken>
by
<bibRefCitation author="Potapov, M" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="4" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 40" title="Taxonomy of the Proisotoma complex II. A revision of the genus Subisotoma and a description of Isotopenola gen. nov. (Collembola: Isotomidae)." volume="2314" year="2009">Potapov et al. (2009)</bibRefCitation>
, in having reduced number of prelabral setae, simple outer maxillary palp, reduced number of guard setae on labial papilla E, reduced microsensillar chaetotaxy, absence of tibiotarsal seta B4/5 and smooth dens (Table 1). The three main characters given above distinguish the new genus from
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Subisotoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Subisotoma" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Subisotoma</taxonomicName>
, whereas the new genus additionally differs from
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Isotopenola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Isotopenola" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Isotopenola</taxonomicName>
in the number of guard setae on labial papilla E (6 in
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Bellisotoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bellisotoma" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Bellisotoma</taxonomicName>
, 4-5 in
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Isotopenola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Isotopenola" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Isotopenola</taxonomicName>
).
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Bellisotoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bellisotoma joycei" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="joycei">Bellisotoma joycei</taxonomicName>
keys out to
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Ballistura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ballistura" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ballistura</taxonomicName>
in
<bibRefCitation author="Potapov, M" journalOrPublisher="Abhandlungen und Berichte des Naturkundemuseums, Goerlitz" pageId="4" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 603" title="Synopses on Palaearctic Collembola, Volume 3, Isotomidae." volume="73" year="2001">Potapov (2001)</bibRefCitation>
, but the two genera are clearly distinguished by maxillary palp structure, sensillar and microsensillar formulae, absence of tibiotarsal seta B4/5 and dens sculpturing. Additional differences between the new genus and other genera in the
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Proisotoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Proisotoma" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Proisotoma</taxonomicName>
complex (
<bibRefCitation author="Potapov, M" journalOrPublisher="Abhandlungen und Berichte des Naturkundemuseums, Goerlitz" pageId="4" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 603" title="Synopses on Palaearctic Collembola, Volume 3, Isotomidae." volume="73" year="2001">Potapov 2001</bibRefCitation>
, Fjellberg 2007,
<bibRefCitation author="Potapov, M" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="4" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 74" title="Taxonomy of the Proisotoma complex. Redefinition of genera and description of new species of Scutisotoma and Webercantha (Collembola, Isotomidae)." volume="1382" year="2006">Potapov et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Potapov, M" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="4" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 40" title="Taxonomy of the Proisotoma complex II. A revision of the genus Subisotoma and a description of Isotopenola gen. nov. (Collembola: Isotomidae)." volume="2314" year="2009">2009</bibRefCitation>
) are listed in Table 1. One other North American species,
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Ballistura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ballistura ewingi" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ewingi">Ballistura ewingi</taxonomicName>
(see below), belongs in the new genus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="9">
Members of the new genus may be either psammophilous and/or acidophilus. The individuals of
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Ballistura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ballistura joycei" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="joycei">Ballistura joycei</taxonomicName>
from Vermont were collected on sandy shores of Lake Champlain and the individuals from Quebec on acidic sandy soils (pH 3.75;
<bibRefCitation author="Therrien, F" journalOrPublisher="The Canadian Entomologist" pageId="4" pageNumber="11" pagination="613 - 628" title="Biodiversity of Collembola in sugar maple (Aceracea) forests." url="10.4039/Ent131613-5" volume="131" year="1999">Therrien et al. 1996</bibRefCitation>
) in a sugar maple grove ≈28Km east of the St. Lawrence River. The exact topotypical locality of
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Ballistura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ballistura ewingi" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ewingi">Ballistura ewingi</taxonomicName>
is not clear, but the soils around Vicksburg, Mississippi are also acidic, sometimes sandy.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="2" pageNumber="9">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="9">
Table 1. Diagnostic characters for selected genera in the
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Proisotoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Proisotoma" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Proisotoma</taxonomicName>
genera complex in comparison with
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Bellisotoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bellisotoma" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Bellisotoma</taxonomicName>
gen. n. Characters based on
<bibRefCitation author="Potapov, M" journalOrPublisher="Abhandlungen und Berichte des Naturkundemuseums, Goerlitz" pageId="4" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 603" title="Synopses on Palaearctic Collembola, Volume 3, Isotomidae." volume="73" year="2001">Potapov (2001)</bibRefCitation>
or
<bibRefCitation author="Potapov, M" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="4" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 74" title="Taxonomy of the Proisotoma complex. Redefinition of genera and description of new species of Scutisotoma and Webercantha (Collembola, Isotomidae)." volume="1382" year="2006">Potapov et al. (2006</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Potapov, M" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="4" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 40" title="Taxonomy of the Proisotoma complex II. A revision of the genus Subisotoma and a description of Isotopenola gen. nov. (Collembola: Isotomidae)." volume="2314" year="2009">2009</bibRefCitation>
). Modified from
<bibRefCitation author="Soto-Adames, FN" journalOrPublisher="Zookeys" pageId="4" pageNumber="11" pagination="19 - 37" title="New species of springtails in the Proisotoma genus complex from Vermont and New York, USA with descriptive notes on Ballistura alpa Christiansen &amp; Bellinger 1980 (Hexapoda, Collembola, Isotomidae)." url="10.3897/zookeys.147.2093" volume="147" year="2011">Soto-Adames and Giordano (2011)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="9">
<table pageId="2" pageNumber="9">
<tr pageId="2" pageNumber="9">
<th colspan="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">Genus&lt;br/&gt; Character</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Scutisotoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scutisotoma" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Scutisotoma</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Proisotoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Proisotoma" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Proisotoma</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Folsomides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Folsomides" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Folsomides</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Ballistura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ballistura" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ballistura</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Isotopenola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Isotopenola" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Isotopenola</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Subisotoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Subisotoma" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Subisotoma</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Bellisotoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bellisotoma" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Bellisotoma</taxonomicName>
gen. n.
</th>
</tr>
<tr pageId="2" pageNumber="9">
<td colspan="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">a</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>