157 lines
20 KiB
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157 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="E84608CF9B5FB2F612F93F794FEA04D3" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.542.5975" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b53aa92a-b9ac-43bd-a9b9-f468d62f0bdc" ID-PMC="PMC4714360" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-542-1" ID-PubMed="26798285" ID-ZooBank="026407877355425BAB10BF1674510F12" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-542-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 542" ModsDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of Afrotropical Laccophilus Leach, 1815 (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae)" checkinTime="1451243652205" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Bistroem, Olof, Nilsson, Anders N. & Bergsten, Johannes" docDate="2015" docId="9CC117D89746B4991CD5079DFCAABE22" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 542: 1-379" docOrigin="ZooKeys 542" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.542.5975" docTitle="Laccophilus livingstoni Omer-Cooper 1958" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="238" masterDocId="E3118410B56DFF839B32FF89FFCCFFB0" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of Afrotropical Laccophilus Leach, 1815 (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae)" masterLastPageNumber="379" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="237" updateTime="1701314941532" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="226ACC59BC6E1B56EE66CB43C17C399D">
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<mods:title id="7D957267BFA1D6ED0CB22C1CA3BE529D">Taxonomic revision of Afrotropical Laccophilus Leach, 1815 (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B2B955C57DF0A2BD016F1F236CBA602B">Bistroem, Olof</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1D820CFA788800728866E60BF18F3888">Nilsson, Anders N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="EB9770AA498CDD3E97D20019807A8404">Bergsten, Johannes</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="517199A1C2073AAEC766CE806AF3A6B0">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="E716027BCBE13548BDF14B867927C7E6">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="956480EDEDC1901BFA8838B58FDA95FD">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="8E0835A70A3E03EC233176655E6FE370" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="CE80CB27A16F89CDC61C7A25B50AE425">542</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="6B5D17B5FD308BC2814BB9D20E473407">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.542.5975</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="14EA0104AA138FC5E4856F5C205D8126">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="FBDF2CACA45426ADAEFE0CBB1057EE8B" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.542.5975</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D7D8167555739E33D0D3F14B9EA12064" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-542-1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="9CC117D89746B4991CD5079DFCAABE22" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127862724" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9CC117D89746B4991CD5079DFCAABE22" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9CC117D89746B4991CD5079DFCAABE22" lastPageId="237" lastPageNumber="238" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">
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<subSubSection id="01732EDEB4AB3185EE11208CDFFADC45" pageId="236" pageNumber="237" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="5602624CA26CDECE55983DBD7AD89BCA" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">Taxon classification Animalia Coleoptera Dytiscidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="343B690B3CD52D4CFBAB2EA662427A36" pageId="236" pageNumber="237" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="1DEE2B238BA5297E18A2CF870FCAFC51" pageId="236" pageNumber="237">
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<taxonomicName id="87799A2C13BCEE494848BF1D5AF47F8B" ID-CoL="8LZ6F" authority="Omer-Cooper, 1958" authorityName="Omer-Cooper" authorityYear="1958" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Laccophilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laccophilus livingstoni" order="Coleoptera" pageId="236" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="livingstoni">Laccophilus livingstoni Omer-Cooper, 1958</taxonomicName>
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Figs 196-197, 368, 519, 576
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EF842F83E098E469CE8AEAA9D4E3BDA9" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="F9D3B2A7A30E2F37BDA03A85647F93CF" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">
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<taxonomicName id="8E51ED35FF50B27BCD64E685ABDB5C08" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Laccophilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laccophilus livingstoni" order="Coleoptera" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="livingstoni">
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<pageBreakToken id="37D5409A4F219FA4A1B9D2E19C275F09" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" start="start">Laccophilus</pageBreakToken>
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livingstoni
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</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation id="7472020076265C68B7999FBAAD7D50B0" author="Omer-Cooper, Joyce" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa" pageId="260" pageNumber="261" pagination="36 - 55" title="Dytiscidae from Nyasaland and Southern Rhodesia. III. Laccophilinae." volume="21" year="1958 b">Omer-Cooper 1958b</bibRefCitation>
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: 37, 41, 45 (original description, faunistics, biology);
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<bibRefCitation id="97610DAB7AB377B72BBA94057908B8AD" author="Omer-Cooper, Joyce" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa" pageId="261" pageNumber="262" pagination="48 - 63" title="Dytiscidae (Coleoptera) of Nyasaland and Southern Rhodesia. X. Cybisterini and addenda." volume="29" year="1967">Omer-Cooper 1967</bibRefCitation>
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: 60 (discussion,
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<taxonomicName id="49A6D6623F55C0BC7A88E032CDA99615" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Laccophilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laccophilus livingstoni" order="Coleoptera" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="livingstoni">Laccophilus livingstoni</taxonomicName>
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, junior synonym
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<taxonomicName id="D316D08B1052666F44F4701A75DF7869" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Laccophilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laccophilus inornatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inornatus">Laccophilus inornatus</taxonomicName>
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Zimmermann);
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<bibRefCitation id="96E176C9173822D0014AC7B45FCF528A" author="Medler, JT" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute" pageId="259" pageNumber="260" pagination="1 - 919" title="Insects of Nigeria - Check list and bibliography." volume="30" year="1980">Medler 1980</bibRefCitation>
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: 155 (faunistics, list);
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<bibRefCitation id="1C6DF54F4BF7F1DAC25556BF5F01B7D2" author="Nilsson, AN" journalOrPublisher="World catalogue of Insects" pageId="260" pageNumber="261" pagination="1 - 395" title="Dytiscidae." volume="3" year="2001">Nilsson 2001</bibRefCitation>
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: 245 (catalogue, faunistics); Nilsson 2012: 212 (catalogue, faunistics, list, synonymy,
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<taxonomicName id="9D346CDB7A971C1181EFB1538DDBFB5B" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Laccophilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laccophilus inornatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inornatus">Laccophilus inornatus</taxonomicName>
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). Restored species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="2A4158B1F757A0CCC1739704246868E0" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" type="type locality">
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<paragraph id="F9FE6B228E166DBEADD5D70B471665B4" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="ACB4ED65A206397DE1947279D1B11927" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Malawi: Monkey Bay, Dambo.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C2D185A937F62AFCFF22F140FF1F44D3" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" type="type material">
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<paragraph id="A6F6ED927AC20377C6D6FBC696919F0D" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Type material studied</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="84DEFBC54AA30EAD5877C82CA61F687E" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">
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(6 exs.). Holotype: male: "Paratype / Nyasaland, swamp, Monkey Bay 28.1. 1948 /
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<taxonomicName id="E0D3722F8257EF2233E1AED359B5E83B" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Laccophilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laccophilus livingstoni" order="Coleoptera" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="livingstoni">Laccophilus livingstoni</taxonomicName>
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O-C. (AMGS; by mistake labelled as paratype)." - Paratypes: "Holotype / Nyasaland Livingstonia, stream by homestead 22.10. 1948 J.O.C. /
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<taxonomicName id="D5514659B4A041E1A7F6A19A52262A7A" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Laccophilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laccophilus livingstoni" order="Coleoptera" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="livingstoni">Laccophilus livingstoni</taxonomicName>
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O-C. / Brit. Mus. 1957-660 /
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<taxonomicName id="83A5BDA0276E230214A110BE791ECFC3" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Laccophilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laccophilus livingstoni" order="Coleoptera" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="livingstoni">Laccophilus livingstoni</taxonomicName>
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J. O.C., M.E Bacchus det. 1978, Holotype/Brit. Mus. 1978-308" (1 ex. BMNH); same, but labelled as
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<normalizedToken id="3E89A9F4E44B597C58E296B7C19CD5DE" originalValue="“Allotype”">"Allotype"</normalizedToken>
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(1 ex. BMNH). [Comment: The specimens are pinned together. Label information fits with paratypes, but does not fit with what is given for the holotype in the original description.]; "Paratype / Nyasaland stream 20 mi. From Dedza on lower Lilongwe rd. 30.9. 1948 /
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<taxonomicName id="91215C2757AFB94FD4A0F511EC9BAEDF" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Laccophilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laccophilus livingstoni" order="Coleoptera" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="livingstoni">Laccophilus livingstoni</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. Det. J. Omer-Cooper" (2 exs. AMGS); (Tanzania)"Zanzibar Pemba 6. September 1955 J.R. Fowler" (1 ex. AMGS).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D82FD695173A1639D2AEA6739BBCC542" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8E3BA1DA3ADF6B8E0C7BC86282995A9E" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Additional material studied</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1F77B719C3E604A5DDEA0842D0226B8A" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">
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(13 exs.): Tanzania: "Lake Malawi Matema 1.7. 1979 M. Stoltze leg. /
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<taxonomicName id="2DE5D386431CD85924F3015392CDB07C" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Laccophilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laccophilus bergeri" order="Coleoptera" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bergeri">Laccophilus bergeri</taxonomicName>
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Guignot Holmen det." (2 exx. ZMUC); "Zanzibar, Manganpwani Rd. 13.9. 1955 JOC." (2 exs. AMGS). - Malawi: "Mulanje Mnts env. 22-28.12. 2001 Kantner" (3 exs. NHMB, 1 ex. MZH; habitus in Fig. 519); "Selima env. 5-6.1. 2002 60 km E of Lilongwe Kantner" (3 exs. NHMB, 1 ex. MZH). - Mozambique: "Prov. Manica 20 km NW Chimoio 21-23.12. 2003 Kudrna jr. lgt." (1 ex. CFP).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C90A6D923E8F83C284654B3C6E8343FA" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" type="comments on synonymy">
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<paragraph id="90D9CFBEAD8E60F6FAAC2BF69FC1A406" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Comments on synonymy.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A6AA29A55C29C66419FC1B6016626D7F" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">
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Examination of holotype reveals that
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<taxonomicName id="D98E1CDFB1B2A72A0F265D8355653215" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Laccophilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laccophilus livingstoni" order="Coleoptera" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="livingstoni">Laccophilus livingstoni</taxonomicName>
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is a good species and not a junior synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="1F7FEF534AE724E404CEDCF91677FF83" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Laccophilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laccophilus inornatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inornatus">Laccophilus inornatus</taxonomicName>
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Zimmermann.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9063365081F636AD6BAB85BD4C0CB810" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="789A066EA95D11B4076518A372941D63" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="56125D68A17E7AF97C4E134EC273B1E6" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">
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<taxonomicName id="5A1611079BD00350CDF3D21EA1D51BAC" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Laccophilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laccophilus livingstoni" order="Coleoptera" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="livingstoni">Laccophilus livingstoni</taxonomicName>
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is closest related to
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<taxonomicName id="D2107A656E1ADD217DF383909D1D3AD7" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Laccophilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laccophilus insularum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insularum">Laccophilus insularum</taxonomicName>
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. There are, however, some differences in shape of apex of penis; anterior outline of it being almost straight in
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<taxonomicName id="2025C18BA15A80401026D4B58641B954" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Laccophilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laccophilus livingstoni" order="Coleoptera" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="livingstoni">Laccophilus livingstoni</taxonomicName>
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and clearly curved in
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<taxonomicName id="B3B693DF70E8E7BFFA455B7C52532E38" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Laccophilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laccophilus insularum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insularum">Laccophilus insularum</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="D25AFFAE278590928652E256ABF7584B" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Laccophilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laccophilus livingstoni" order="Coleoptera" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="livingstoni">Laccophilus livingstoni</taxonomicName>
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also resembles quite much of
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<taxonomicName id="CEF71668D7B041558887BF747A751DBE" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Laccophilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laccophilus garambanus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="garambanus">Laccophilus garambanus</taxonomicName>
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regarding colour pattern of body.
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<taxonomicName id="B84E15680EADADE9874A712A85F88E30" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Laccophilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laccophilus garambanus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="garambanus">Laccophilus garambanus</taxonomicName>
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is, however, smaller and have more extensive pale colour on posterior half of elytra.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8E043C5881398DE3440B865718075E12" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" type="description">
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<paragraph id="403BAF8579A151EB20C671F0E234FDF8" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="51D0E835975D3CBAA9625CFB8CABD75A" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Body length 3.3-3.6 mm, width 1.8-2.0 mm. Dorsal colour pattern quite uniform, exhibits only some variation (Fig. 519).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4B10B820F0FCFCCBD41719E8B734924F" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Head: Pale ferrugineous; posteriorly at pronotum narrowly, slightly darker. Discally, with two, small, dark spots which sometimes are vague. Punctation slightly irregularly distributed, at eyes and from there towards central part, fine to very fine. Submat, finely microsculptured. Reticulation double, but in part this is rather indistinct. Large meshes contain 2-6 finer meshes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6DE433C05DC71B7E6A4495525209D34E" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Pronotum: Pale ferrugineous to dark ferrugineous, with vague darker areas. At margins with fine to very fine, irregularly distributed punctures. Reticulation double; large meshes in part lack small meshes, and in part, contain 2 to 5 small meshes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="79AD73FA4D4A92AD617069E6F3294CA5" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Elytra: Blackish ferrugineous to dark ferrugineous. Anteriorly with an irregular, subbasal series of pale spots which often are in part confluent. Posteriorly, with vague, pale and irregular stripes (Fig. 519). Rather shiny, although densely microsculptured. Reticulation frontally double; towards apex division into two kinds of reticulation becomes indistinct. Three, (a discal, a dorsolateral and a lateral one) sparse and irregular rows of punctures (or narrow punctured areas) discernible.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="54AC4971C9AA3B3AB86268705CF55358" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Ventral aspect: Pale ferrugineous to ferrugineous; ventrites laterally somewhat darker. Rather shiny, although very finely reticulated. Ventrites with sparse but distinct striae pointing inwards and backwards. Almost impunctate. Ventrite posterior to apex of abdomen with a few rather irregular punctures; on one side provided with a sharp knob (Fig. 196). Metacoxal plates with about 10 almost transversely located, shallow furrows. Prosternal process narrow and pointed.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2803B69501D0399205498920332DBC85" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Legs: Pro- and mesotarsus slightly enlarged, provided with suckers.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BB484566F86FCD2121FAFB0A1B37082D" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Male genitalia: Penis angled (not evenly curved); external outline apically extended and sharp (Fig. 368).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1CB18DE134D527BCA34346D0C4BE1E7B" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Female: Externally as male but pro- and mesotarsus fairly long and slender. Apical ventrite lacks sharp knob (Fig. 197).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E2CA8230929431FE084FB98497A6247B" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="94C755818CFF6198CF228CC104542D41" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="066A129BA37C0699DB2580F5B343CC8F" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Malawi, Tanzania, Mozambique (Fig. 576). Record from Nigeria is incorrect, and refers to earlier accepted synonymy.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B478371CB3AAB4A5DAC8DEDC10FCCFE4" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" type="collecting circumstances">
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<paragraph id="6EC6E8786653AD2399381536F351A305" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Collecting circumstances.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DCD997A00C446F60692A67AC54F824F5" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Insufficiently known. The species has been collected from both running and standing waters.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |