222 lines
20 KiB
XML
222 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.701.13261" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a9b15909-ea61-40d7-ba04-325b8af91669" ID-PMC="PMC5674090" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-701-1" ID-PubMed="29118596" ID-ZBK="23BDD7CE1C7E4D2092A8ED47267579FD" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1313-2970-701-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 701" ModsDocTitle="Revision of torrent mites (Parasitengona, Torrenticolidae, Torrenticola) of the United States and Canada: 90 descriptions, molecular phylogenetics, and a key to species" checkinTime="1506095869158" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Fisher, J. Ray, Fisher, Danielle M., Skvarla, Michael J., Nelson, Whitney A. & Dowling, Ashley P. G." docDate="2017" docId="9C4F7DD6DD4CBF79B95D64B295346E81" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 701: 1-496" docOrigin="ZooKeys 701" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.701.13261" docTitle="Torrenticola daemon Fisher & Dowling, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="5ACD786A-B621-48B1-9480-CB7B58CE3438" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="3D440132FFABFFFC1505FFA0FFDDEA09" masterDocTitle="Revision of torrent mites (Parasitengona, Torrenticolidae, Torrenticola) of the United States and Canada: 90 descriptions, molecular phylogenetics, and a key to species" masterLastPageNumber="496" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668164828938" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Revision of torrent mites (Parasitengona, Torrenticolidae, Torrenticola) of the United States and Canada: 90 descriptions, molecular phylogenetics, and a key to species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Fisher, J. Ray</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Fisher, Danielle M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Skvarla, Michael J.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Nelson, Whitney A.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Dowling, Ashley P. G.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>701</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>496</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.701.13261</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.701.13261</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-701-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">23BDD7CE1C7E4D2092A8ED47267579FD</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">23BDD7CE1C7E4D2092A8ED47267579FD</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="134839640" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:5ACD786A-B621-48B1-9480-CB7B58CE3438" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9C4F7DD6DD4CBF79B95D64B295346E81" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/5ACD786A-B621-48B1-9480-CB7B58CE3438" authority="Fisher & Dowling" class="Arachnida" family="Torrenticolidae" genus="Torrenticola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Torrenticola daemon" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="daemon">Torrenticola daemon Fisher & Dowling</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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HOLOTYPE (♀): from USA, Alabama, Clay County, beside Forest Route 649, 0.8 km northeast of road from Campbell Springs to Forest Route 600, (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="33.372776">33°22'22"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-85.88111">85°52'52"W</geoCoordinate>
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), 3 July 1990, by IM Smith, IMS900075A.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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PARATYPES (4 ♀; 4 ♂): Alabama, USA: 1 ♂ (ALLOTYPE) from Clay County, beside Forest Route 649, 0.8 km northeast of road from Campbell Springs to Forest Route 600, (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="33.372776">33°22'22"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-85.88111">85°52'52"W</geoCoordinate>
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), 3 July 1990, by IM Smith, IMS900075A
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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4 ♀ and 3 ♂ from Clay County, beside Forest Route 649, 0.8 km northeast of road from Campbell Springs to Forest Route 600, (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="33.372776">33°22'22"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-85.88111">85°52'52"W</geoCoordinate>
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), 3 July 1990, by IM Smith, IMS900075A
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type deposition">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type deposition.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype (♀), allotype (♂), and some paratypes (2 ♀; 2 ♂) deposited in the CNC; other paratypes (2 ♀; 1 ♂) deposited in the ACUA.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Torrenticolidae" genus="Torrenticola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Torrenticola daemon" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="daemon">Torrenticola daemon</taxonomicName>
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are similar to other members of the Raptor Group (
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. danielleae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="danielleae">T. danielleae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. elusiva" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="elusiva">T. elusiva</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. gnoma" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="gnoma">T. gnoma</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. irapalpa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="irapalpa">T. irapalpa</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. ivyae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ivyae">T. ivyae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. longitibia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="longitibia">T. longitibia</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. mjolniri" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="mjolniri">T. mjolniri</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. racupalpa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="racupalpa">T. racupalpa</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. raptor" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="raptor">T. raptor</taxonomicName>
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) in having round bodies; Dgl-4 close to muscles scars; long, thin subcapitular rostra; and long, thin pedipalp tibiae.
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. daemon" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="daemon">T. daemon</taxonomicName>
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can be differentiated from all other Raptor Group by having Dgl-4 closer to the edge of the dorsum (dorsum width/distance between Dgl-4 ♀ = 1.59-1.67 in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. daemon" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="daemon">T. daemon</taxonomicName>
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, 1.80-3.29 in others; ♂ = 1.45-1.65 in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. daemon" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="daemon">T. daemon</taxonomicName>
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, 1.66-2.73 in others), except
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. irapalpa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="irapalpa">T. irapalpa</taxonomicName>
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(♀ = 1.81-2.09, ♂ = 1.58-1.86) and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. danielleae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="danielleae">T. danielleae</taxonomicName>
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(♀ = 1.57-1.70, ♂ = 1.42-1.52).
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. daemon" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="daemon">T. daemon</taxonomicName>
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can be differentiated from
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. longitibia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="longitibia">T. longitibia</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. mjolniri" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="mjolniri">T. mjolniri</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. elusiva" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="elusiva">T. elusiva</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. racupalpa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="racupalpa">T. racupalpa</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. raptor" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="raptor">T. raptor</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. danielleae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="danielleae">T. danielleae</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. ivyae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ivyae">T. ivyae</taxonomicName>
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by having a less elongate rostrum (length/width = 2.91-3.31 in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. daemon" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="daemon">T. daemon</taxonomicName>
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, 3.43-4.40 in others). Female
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. daemon" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="daemon">T. daemon</taxonomicName>
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can be differentiated from female
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. irapalpa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="irapalpa">T. irapalpa</taxonomicName>
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by having Dgl-4 closer to the dorsal edge (dorsal width/distance between Dgl-4 ♀ = 1.59-1.67 in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. daemon" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="daemon">T. daemon</taxonomicName>
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, 1.81-2.09 in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. irapalpa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="irapalpa">T. irapalpa</taxonomicName>
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) and a more elongate gnathosomal bay (length/width ♀ = 1.95-2.42 in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. daemon" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="daemon">T. daemon</taxonomicName>
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, 1.35-1.86 in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. irapalpa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="irapalpa">T. irapalpa</taxonomicName>
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). Additionally,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. daemon" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="daemon">T. daemon</taxonomicName>
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can be differentiated from
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. irapalpa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="irapalpa">T. irapalpa</taxonomicName>
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by dorsal coloration and pattern.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Female (Figure 45) (n = 5) (holotype measurements in parentheses when available) with characters of the genus with following specifications.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dorsum - (590-655 (640) long; 460-500 (490) wide) circular with faint reddish-purple coloration separated into anterior and posterior portions, with bright reddish-purple coloration on the anterior-medial platelets, occasionally extending onto the dorsal plate. Anterio-medial platelets (127.5-147.5 (145) long; 57.5-67.5 (65) wide). Anterio-lateral platelets (182.5-210 (210) long; 72.5-82.5 (82.5) wide) free from dorsal plate. Dgl-4 approximately halfway between the edge of the dorsum and the muscle scars (distance between Dgl-4 285-300 (300)). Dorsal plate proportions: dorsum length/width 1.26-1.34 (1.31); dorsal width/distance between Dgl-4 1.59-1.67 (1.63); anterio-medial platelet length/width 2.04-2.28 (2.23); anterio-lateral platelet length/width 2.28-2.66 (2.55); anterio-lateral/anterio-medial length 1.29-1.51 (1.45).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gnathosoma - Subcapitulum (370-395 (395) long (ventral); 285-300 (300) long (dorsal); 145-157.5 (157.5) tall) colorless, occasionally with faint reddish-purple coloration. Rostrum (155-165 (165) long; 50-55 (55) wide). Chelicerae (375-390 (390) long) with curved fangs (65-75 (75) long). Subcapitular proportions: ventral length/height 2.39-2.57 (2.51); rostrum length/width 2.91-3.20 (3.00). Pedipalps with tuberculate ventral extensions on femora and genua. Palpomeres: trochanter (50-52.5 (50) long); femur (137.5-146.25 (145) long); genu (75-80 (80) long); tibia (97.5-105 (105) long; 22.5-25 (25) wide); tarsus (20-22.5 (20) long). Palpomere proportions: femur/genu 1.81-1.90 (1.81); tibia/femur 0.67-0.72 (0.72); tibia length/width 4.05-4.33 (4.20).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Venter - (710-800 (800) long; 515-570 (545) wide) colorless. Gnathosomal bay (182.5-200 (190) long; 80-97.5 (97.5) wide). Cxgl-4 subapical. Medial suture (10-15 (15) long). Genital plates (160-175 (175) long; 145-150 (150) wide). Additional measurements: Cx-1 (310-345 (345) long (total); 125-155 (155) long (medial)); Cx-3 (350-375 (375) wide); anterior venter (155-185 (185) long). Ventral proportions: gnathosomal bay length/width 1.95-2.42 (1.95); anterior venter/genital field length 0.97-1.09 (1.06); anterior venter length/genital field width 1.07-1.23 (1.23); anterior venter/medial suture 10.33-17.50 (12.33).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Male (Figure 46) (n = 4) (allotypic measurements in parentheses when available) with characters of the genus with following specifications.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dorsum - (545-570 (570) long; 410-425 (425) wide) circular with faint reddish-purple coloration separated into anterior and posterior portions. Anterio-medial platelets (115-125 (122.5) long; 52.5-58.75 (58.75) wide). Anterio-lateral platelets (175-188.75 (188.75) long; 67.5-75 (75) wide) free from dorsal plate. Dgl-4 approximately halfway between the edge of the dorsum and the muscle scars (distance between Dgl-4 255-290 (275)). Dorsal plate proportions: dorsum length/width 1.31-1.34 (1.34); dorsal width/distance between Dgl-4 1.45-1.65 (1.55); anterio-medial platelet length/width 2.09-2.22 (2.09); anterio-lateral platelet length/width 2.50-2.78 (2.52); anterio-lateral/anterio-medial length 1.40-1.63 (1.54).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gnathosoma - Subcapitulum (320-335 (335) long (ventral); 247.5-255 (255) long (dorsal); 120-122.5 (120) tall) colorless, occasionally with faint reddish-purple coloration. Rostrum (132.5-137.5 (137.5) long; 40-45 (45) wide). Chelicerae (310-330 (330) long) with curved fangs (60-65 (60) long). Subcapitular proportions: ventral length/height 2.67-2.79 (2.79); rostrum length/width 3.06-3.31 (3.06). Pedipalps with tuberculate ventral extensions on femora and genua. Palpomeres: trochanter (42.5-46.25 (45) long); femur (117.5-122.5 (120) long); genu (67.5-70 (67.5) long); tibia (90-92.5 (91.25) long; 21.25-22.5 (22.5) wide); tarsus (20-20 (20) long). Palpomere proportions: femur/genu 1.74-1.78 (1.78); tibia/femur 0.76-0.77 (0.76); tibia length/width 4.00-4.35 (4.06).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Venter - (655-705 (705) long; 460-470 (470) wide) colorless. Gnathosomal bay (165-165 (165) long; 70-80 (75) wide). Cxgl-4 subapical. Medial suture (50-55 (55) long). Genital plates (145-155 (155) long; 115-120 (120) wide). Additional measurements: Cx-1 (290-315 (290) long (total); 130-150 (130) long (medial)); Cx-3 (320-340 (340) wide); anterior venter (210-225 (225) long). Ventral proportions: gnathosomal bay length/width 2.06-2.36 (2.20); anterior venter/genital field length 1.42-1.55 (1.45); anterior venter length/genital field width 1.75-1.91 (1.88); anterior venter/medial suture 4.00-4.20 (4.09).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Immatures unknown.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Specific epithet (
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Arrenuridae" genus="Lebertioidea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lebertioidea daemon" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="daemon">daemon</taxonomicName>
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) refers to the diagnostic red coloration on the anterio-medial platelets, which resemble the red eyes of an evil demon (daemon, L. originally benevolent or benign nature spirits, but were characterized as dangerous or evil by the writings of Plato and later used in Christian literature, popularizing the idea of demons as evil; noun in apposition).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Alabama (Figure 44).</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Figure 44.
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Torrenticolidae" genus="Torrenticola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Torrenticola daemon" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="daemon">Torrenticola daemon</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. distribution.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Figure 45.
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Torrenticolidae" genus="Torrenticola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Torrenticola daemon" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="daemon">Torrenticola daemon</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. female: A dorsal plates B venter (legs removed) C subcapitulum D pedipalp (setae not accurately depicted). Scale = 100
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Figure 46.
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Torrenticolidae" genus="Torrenticola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Torrenticola daemon" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="daemon">Torrenticola daemon</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. male: A dorsal plates B venter (legs removed) C subcapitulum D pedipalp (setae not accurately depicted). Scale = 100
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Unfortunately, we were unable to acquire fresh material of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Torrenticolidae" genus="Torrenticola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Torrenticola daemon" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="daemon">Torrenticola daemon</taxonomicName>
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and therefore this species is not included in our phylogenetic analyses. However, we were able to examine morphology with material preserved in GAW. The overall appearance, elongate subcapitular rostra, elongate pedipalpal tibiae, and Dgl-4 close to the muscle scars, are consistent with placing this species in the Raptor Complex and Raptor Identification Group.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |