162 lines
20 KiB
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162 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="CF73DCD69DBFBF9F80CAC1D1B66F9609" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.513.9958" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0e4b9da4-f70c-41f5-b58f-962e144c88ac" ID-PMC="PMC4524275" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-513-13" ID-PubMed="26257566" ID-ZooBank="1DC74C27F986484E9C81BF69A9AC31AC" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-513-13" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 513" ModsDocTitle="Termitotroxvenus sp. n. (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae), a new blind, flightless termitophilous scarab from Cambodia" checkinTime="1451244329305" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Kakizoe, Showtaro & Maruyama, Munetoshi" docDate="2015" docId="CB0D16E7C66972E9B7790AB3DC5E0C8B" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 513: 13-21" docOrigin="ZooKeys 513" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.513.9958" docTitle="Termitotrox venus Kakizoe & Maruyama, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="8174A036-4FCC-4957-B788-2541A6CA13D1" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="18" masterDocId="FFAE5D48FFC2FF89FFED196CAE4F615C" masterDocTitle="Termitotroxvenus sp. n. (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae), a new blind, flightless termitophilous scarab from Cambodia" masterLastPageNumber="21" masterPageNumber="13" pageNumber="14" updateTime="1701315982841" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="CAB3D2D849FB45AAE01688E0799487B3" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="62BB52D2D20869493239614C7722BF15">
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<mods:title id="FF5A6BC66468DB062CEB852F73585F95">Termitotroxvenus sp. n. (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae), a new blind, flightless termitophilous scarab from Cambodia</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="E1B071D62225CC7C4596F1F9A649201C" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="6D1AF1A5B3CF4770A8FC262345CADA90">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="04CD3C98DB9BCB8C67C7C7CBE7D77FC3">Kakizoe, Showtaro</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="97AB8FDD276A1112C0272868E46DE44B" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="42BB4F3B749983E06754F06BBB38B167">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="A87AFE815A0378C31586CFB8B768C898">Maruyama, Munetoshi</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="61083E85466C19A0B86E667820B5482E">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem id="0D3732C00AE41C127709E93B0312BA8C" type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo id="28781C340836F4DCAB7AFB2193146C1C">
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<mods:title id="CB498E99C3D082C44775F11A3CF609D9">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="7BE36BC7140A1543EB4397C5DA3ECCF1">
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<mods:date id="A9E249171CCDE0C9252A527D951548E1">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="95DCD1D3B3D693D077560D1902BB66E0" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="D20950F5AA1E48F5B289456B08B3F681">513</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:start id="57C8FE1431313F4AD6ADBB993876B83C">13</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="0E5B1848179055AD8ACCB9E598E1F58D">21</mods:end>
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<mods:location id="B2E5563042B9B39AE1EF5FAB51F7ADF7">
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<mods:url id="9C17658941AFD8A8584C8141F9AFB573">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.513.9958</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="101A19BBCAEA21750F242BEDADA86C46">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="7B8019F820E23842EF115FC29634ACA1" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.513.9958</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="A3D30DF968DAD2751AA55D8102286A50" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-513-13</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="79524CE87194929CD9FDFAA4735B7BAB" type="ZooBank">1DC74C27F986484E9C81BF69A9AC31AC</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="CB0D16E7C66972E9B7790AB3DC5E0C8B" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152060689" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8174A036-4FCC-4957-B788-2541A6CA13D1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CB0D16E7C66972E9B7790AB3DC5E0C8B" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">
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<subSubSection id="B5906F4B87417518ECE73A2321D64A9B" pageId="1" pageNumber="14" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="34F571E4AC8630C8B0B5823A63DD1B4B" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">Taxon classification Animalia Coleoptera Scarabaeidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CCBB04B18525FFB815F26719920F431B" pageId="1" pageNumber="14" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="1EA2C8EBD79BFC580E7242A997A551E2" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">
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<taxonomicName id="31D10C8A4A6545470C3858E5CB3D6ABC" ID-CoL="55GZR" LSID="http://zoobank.org/8174A036-4FCC-4957-B788-2541A6CA13D1" authority="Kakizoe & Maruyama" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Termitotrox" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termitotrox venus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="venus">Termitotrox venus Kakizoe & Maruyama</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="23404B203803802582420B86D2C2CC71" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 1-4, 5-10, 11-13
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="646B2039A19CCDD976C65DF9BDC86507" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" type="type material">
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<paragraph id="AD899D2551FACFB53957C35E475A48DA" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">
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<pageBreakToken id="FD5B47DC325D5B38D70E3947D2D340ED" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" start="start">Type</pageBreakToken>
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materials.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="97AA0D3EBDF6BFA1C69CAAD4343F6E62" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">
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Holotype, male, deposited in Maruyama collection in the Kyushu University Museum: 1.0 km south of Angkor Wat, Angkor, Siem Reap, Cambodia, 22 VIII 2014, S. Kakizoe leg. Paratypes, deposited in Maruyama collection in the Kyushu University Museum: 1 female, 1.6 km southwest of Angkor Wat, Angkor, Siem Reap, Cambodia, 20 VIII 2014, S. Kakizoe leg.; 1 male, 1.0 km south of Angkor Wat, Angkor, Siem Reap, Cambodia, 24 VIII 2014, S. Kakizoe leg.; 2 males, 2 females, 0.77 km east of Angkor Wat, Angkor, Siem Reap, Cambodia, 24 VIII 2014, M. Maruyama & S. Kakizoe leg. (In fungus garden cells of
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<taxonomicName id="237332B4B8473757652B00A5B71134CD" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Macrotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Macrotermes gilvus" order="Blattodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gilvus">Macrotermes cf. gilvus</taxonomicName>
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); 1 female, 1.7 km east of Neak Pean, Angkor, Siem Reap, Cambodia, 25 VIII 2014, S. Kakizoe leg. (In fungus garden cell of
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<taxonomicName id="ECB9E35F59C71A1F99ECAC580AD066F3" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Hypotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hypotermes makhamensis" order="Blattodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makhamensis">Hypotermes makhamensis</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0F32AD4A435F1A1680C4C03FB0F88748" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="6A605FC4410AEB665ACFB1DE8F42C380" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0FA9DC847B8DF38E7B16A4EAC3C57F39" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">Northwestern Cambodia.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8E52C6E8702D997FA7D14962D41683BE" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="D2F915C2E76B89D8FED201E0E8FEA664" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F0254CF58CCCFF3BFAD84975749B77C3" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">
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<taxonomicName id="7D998EDD549B0BBBB21697E5F0FF828E" class="Bivalvia" family="Veneridae" genus="Venus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Venus" order="Venerida" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Venus</taxonomicName>
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is the goddess of fertility, beauty and love in ancient Roman mythology and is often illustrated together with
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<taxonomicName id="253D4C02F4CECF79A3D50D6E56F75FBB" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Cupido" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cupido" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cupido</taxonomicName>
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. The new species was found in the area where
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<taxonomicName id="8C1ED50C43ADC3C56664353F3A122668" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Termitotrox" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termitotrox cupido" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupido">Termitotrox cupido</taxonomicName>
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was also found. Therefore, this species is named
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<taxonomicName id="2A6A672F2F2754A34E31887FC403427D" class="Bivalvia" family="Veneridae" genus="Venus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Venus" order="Venerida" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Venus</taxonomicName>
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. Noun in apposition.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="27CEECF7A1439D0CC7FFA3D037199861" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="3761E9A2FAD2D63D963FC50B421CD232" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E995994ABD6D11E82507F2E4FF770F2A" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">
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This species is similar to
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<taxonomicName id="1F149DAA678B52EC0FCEA68F89E4EF2D" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Termitotrox" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termitotrox cupido" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupido">Termitotrox cupido</taxonomicName>
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in having the wing-shaped trichomes on the elytra but easily distinguished from it by the larger body and the development of the pronotal basomedian section and the elytral median projection.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="18B61CD51A08C79F44919BBC0918AE7B" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" type="description of holotype male">
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<paragraph id="1EFF76F54F92F51858E39185737A7C31" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">Description of holotype male.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6E8630C0AC212F47324E00406072AF7F" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">
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General color (Figs 1-4, 11-13) uniformly dark brown, matt, body length 2.46 mm. Head (Figs 1-4). Surface generally evenly convex, only with a slight callosity at clypeofrontal transition. Lateral margin of head entirely, finely marginate. Clypeal outline evenly rounded. Clypeofrons brown, glabrous, dis
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<pageBreakToken id="F3A70DF9E1AE11AC29697FD23478EC78" pageId="3" pageNumber="16" start="start">tinctly</pageBreakToken>
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, moderately punctate, and 9 elongate deep punctures. Genal tip obtusely angular (in dorsal view); genal surface depressed with deep groove medially. Antennae (Fig. 3) yellowish brown with setate club. Prothorax (Figs 1-4). Prothorax dark brown, narrower than elytra, sides (in dorsal view) evenly rounded over anterior half. Anterolateral lobe rounded, edge slightly projecting downward (forming side of anterolateral
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<pageBreakToken id="663BD54F4D6BD8ECE4D0813BE197D4D7" pageId="4" pageNumber="17" start="start">propectoral</pageBreakToken>
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ridge). Pronotal sides steeply declivous. Posterolateral section of pronotum rounded. Base of pronotum evenly rounded, immarginate; basolateral area with 1 fine ridge and numerous grooves around base. Pronotal surface glabrous. Costae densely punctate, intercostal sulci with distinctly wrinkled. Discal depression deep; surface, apart from some local micropunctation, smooth. Pronotal pattern of longitudinal costae as follows: median costa broad, becoming indistinct around apical 1/5; basomedian section triangular, surface deplanate, flattened except a longitudinal wrinkled furrow at middle. Central depression posterolaterally delimited by depressed area of paramedian costa. Paramedian costa broad, distinct, continuing to about 2/3 of pronotal length. Sublateral costa anteriorly broad, distinct, tapering posteriad to about 1/5 of pronotal length, reaching paramedian costa. Lateral costa anteriorly broad, distinct, extending from anterolateral lobe caudad, tapering to base of pronotum. Marginal costa posteriorly broad, ending at depressed basolateral area. Anterolateral part of propectus deeply excavate. Preprosternal apophysis distinct, with several setae. Propectus glabrous, brown. Posterolateral area of propectus with some ridges and grooves. Postprosternal surface with small, shallow, median impression. Elytra (Figs 1-2, 4). Semi-elliptical, strongly convex dorsally, as high as pronotum, dark brown, matt, with 7 interstrial costae and intervening striae, and with short adpressed trichomes at base of costae 2-5 forming wing-shaped patches. Humeral and apical elytral umbones absent; apicosutural edge nearly rectangular, strongly protruding above. Epipleuron wide. Elytral striae distinct, deeply impressed, with transverse weak costae from base to apex forming quadrate cells; striae 1 and 2 reaching basal half. Discal interstrial costae broadly trapezoidal (in cross-section), surface with dense, scattered punctures. Elytral pattern of interstrial costae as follows: costa 1 (next to suture) narrow, almost rectilinear; costa 2 tapering in front, stopping at basal half. Costa 3 complete, strongly developed, stoutly protruding in front to form median projection. Costae 4-8 complete, strongly developed. Costae 9 and 10 apparently fused together. Mesosternum (Fig. 3). Transverse mesometasternal groove between posterior edges of mesocoxae distinct, straight, not completely reaching mesocoxae. Mesosternum with fine peridiscal grooves arising from this transverse groove and two diagonal grooves, except in front; mesosternal surface dark brown, glabrous, flattened, moderately micropunctate. Metasternum (Fig. 3). Metasternum with very shallow median impression, glabrous, and with fine perimarginal groove all around; dark brown. Abdomen (Fig. 3). Venter with 5 visible fairly sclerotized sternites, all dark brown, matt, glabrous, without grooves, sparsely micropunctate. Pygidium dark brown, glabrous, base broadly margined; surface generally convex, densely micropunctate. Legs (Figs 1-4). Procoxa protuberant. Profemur brown, underside glabrous, densely micropunctate; outline broadly elliptical, emarginate distally. Protibia pale brown, broad, with sparse short setae, microsculpture poorly pronounced; shape strongly complanate with 2 external denticles, no basal serration; apex oblique-sinuate, transverse, with distinct apico-internal spine; internal side strongly dilated from slender base. Protarsus twice longer than width of tibial apex, slender, yellowish brown; segment 1 inserted in fine groove, as long as segments 2-4 combined. Mesocoxa dark brown, widely separated, slightly divergent anteriad. Mes
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<pageBreakToken id="28F28851CE95ABC109B79B5B2919A869" pageId="5" pageNumber="18" start="start">ofemur</pageBreakToken>
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dark brown, broadly elliptic in outline, distally emarginate, surface moderately micropunctate, glabrous. Mesotibia dark brown, with several setae, broad, dilated near base, nearly parallel-sided from apex, edges entire; tibial apex deeply emarginate, with pair of acuminate apico-internal spurs, external one long, slightly curved, internal one short, straight; upper side of mesotibia with fine longitudinal ridge near outer edge, weak costa at basal half, underside with fine sinuate ridge from base to apico-internal section; with long setae around apical quarter. Metatibia similar to mesotibia, but gently dilated apicad, with apex shallowly emarginate. Meso- and metatarsi dark brown, compacted-complanate, segments 1-4 short. Length of outer apical spur of metatibia 1/4 of metatibia, reaching base of tarsal segment 5. Aedeagus (Figs 9, 10).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="F862D444343556107EB7D710DEA305FD" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">
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<paragraph id="BED398C4E6DC230535CC77A171CA19F8" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">
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Figures 1-4. Male habitus of
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<taxonomicName id="21ADA142B353C34DB285FC85431BC76D" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Termitotrox" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termitotrox venus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="venus">Termitotrox venus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. 1 dorsal view 2 lateral view 3 ventral view 4 antero-lateral view
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="808F306A415839E3C1ABA4933E51D7AA" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">
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<paragraph id="44E8A5815807DDE0C07034F1667CC36E" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">
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Figures 5-10. Body parts of
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<taxonomicName id="CC92308A55EFA7D603751E3905C6764D" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Termitotrox" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termitotrox venus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="venus">Termitotrox venus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. 5 maxilla (without cardo) 6, 7 right mandible, in ventral and lateral view 8 epipharynx 9, 10 aedeagus in lateral and dorsal views.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="BD64D867959D589FB88FD3470884A554" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">
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<paragraph id="0CF31D0F765D99BC38D2FC4A75C564BC" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">
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Figures 11-13. Living
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<taxonomicName id="5B21A615488A9F5A9BBDDD195516F948" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Termitotrox" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termitotrox venus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="venus">Termitotrox venus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. walking on a wall of the host termite nest inside.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1744E3727872D791F15309D12E30BA62" pageId="5" pageNumber="18" type="female">
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<paragraph id="6818F22E75BF491A5C38154ADAE93DA5" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">Female.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1F022DCB625B55B5EF0D5BFF3FF6356A" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">No significant sexual dimorphism is detected.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9D67BEC638322659EB265F822EFD5488" pageId="5" pageNumber="18" type="measurements">
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<paragraph id="9E60702689BD200364D7E3B655697715" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">Measurements.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="59DF5AE094D3F2536C4F377BB69D98F5" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">
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Body length 2.26-2.70 (2.48
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<normalizedToken id="0AED723CCCF1FD6A3BE496C4AB4BF378" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.124); maximum width of head 0.84-0.93 (0.88
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<normalizedToken id="82054A7ACA1A17DECE5114D6477B98D7" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.031); median dorsal length of pronotum 0.92-1.14 (1.01
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<normalizedToken id="526A08BE765CD9E26D84549EAF62DE10" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.064), maximum width 0.98-1.12 (1.04
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<normalizedToken id="2D7DCABA269D9C9EDB71F4C0698162BD" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.053); sutural length of elytra 1.12-1.53 (1.35
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<normalizedToken id="3AD7DFCDEC8E9DCEEB616C6BDB665156" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.115), maximum width 1.14-1.34 (1.24
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<normalizedToken id="01925C638A962EBD8A79EFFA10D9B367" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.067). N = 7.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F07E6B0BF577C94061A33DAA5097BDEF" pageId="5" pageNumber="18" type="symbiotic host">
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<paragraph id="B50EDBE6DD928EDBA918F36E70055860" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">Symbiotic host.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="28CB07B8F6A86A2C348E70E378D3FB82" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">
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<taxonomicName id="BF552880527AE81D9735A117282A663C" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Macrotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Macrotermes gilvus" order="Blattodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gilvus">Macrotermes cf. gilvus</taxonomicName>
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(see Discussion).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1C915F8B24D2450ED4FFCF9C43198861" pageId="5" pageNumber="18" type="remarks">
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<paragraph id="E2C6C7E59C5DF0C378D02E05E893BBE2" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B68496483A805E15A0F4155E98670A11" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">
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Male aedeagus size ratio is the same rate as
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<taxonomicName id="5B5F85A07ED315B5C35A063E2C5ECDDC" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Termitotrox" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termitotrox cupido" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupido">Termitotrox cupido</taxonomicName>
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, i.e. 44% of body length.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |