350 lines
32 KiB
XML
350 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="297102" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.7316519" ID-GBIF-Dataset="38aee501-3c26-4686-9c32-a0991b651db7" ID-ISBN="0-8018-8221-4" checkinTime="1670905099958" checkinUser="guido" docAuthor="Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn" docDate="2005" docId="533DED9A9EAA37239E3E33DF626725C0" docLanguage="en" docName="MammalSpeciesofTheWorld.2005.Artiodactyla.637-722.xml" docOrigin="Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press" docTitle="Bos Linnaeus 1758" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="AB6A4FBA464988A6B3A53F4B8CD52B4B" lastPageNumber="690" masterDocId="AB6A4FBA464988A6B3A53F4B8CD52B4B" masterDocTitle="Order Artiodactyla" masterLastPageNumber="722" masterPageNumber="637" pageNumber="690" updateTime="1716783024384" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="4B7F5989F120EF778047D0CB902F61F3">Order Artiodactyla</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="96885016DAD872D08D17F5FA2C889430">Wilson, Don E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2DCE7D07D19CB711A19D667A76D98E4F">Reeder, DeeAnn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="109293010F9A8304BBF2678207EFF575">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:dateIssued id="4B13B2890061D3E5DA31E3533E9D2A85">2005</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:publisher id="A05FFAFF3C6A8785C3296D86DF7BDCB1">The Johns Hopkins University Press</mods:publisher>
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<mods:titleInfo id="6734F52AD574E5D4E07850F6D3D261F0">
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<mods:title id="1B795BFBD9B03697D0191AAE53D17EA2">Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="4E60876ED41542B88AA3F14D34684614">
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<mods:start id="2F8B3600CEF4BA368D71B182E11185B3">637</mods:start>
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<mods:identifier id="785FC5C50C4D5C25587C67FF5AA76900" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.7316519</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="533DED9A9EAA37239E3E33DF626725C0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11336719" ID-GBIF-Taxon="231541254" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11336719" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:533DED9A9EAA37239E3E33DF626725C0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/533DED9A9EAA37239E3E33DF626725C0" lastPageNumber="690" pageNumber="690" sourceUrl="http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?id=14200674">
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<subSubSection id="A6787F96DD17F0D3C2EE0A03CFDA5D00" pageNumber="690" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="64D4BFC993F78A6ACC907033F22F6932" pageNumber="690">
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<taxonomicName id="7D6B339E5A64B1AACA392FC055397825" ID-CoL="3BQW" authority="Linnaeus 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="690" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="DD8C7F9A6399D292EBBDE95F69540EC4" italics="true" pageNumber="690">Bos</emphasis>
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Linnaeus 1758
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="FC8B3AAC5491FD6CDD844420312BAB01" pageNumber="690" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="1601F714D7986EFAA725290F4A4C8F1F" pageNumber="690">
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<treatmentCitation id="9D7F604F468A8D919C34912AF44E7268" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3918256" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3918256" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E485CF66-E4EF-47B3-852D-9D46497FFD6C" author="Linnaeus" authority="Linnaeus 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bos" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FBF1F1B4E808095AD2DBD3641C42C475" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" page="71" pageNumber="690" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" title="Bos" volumeTitle="Syst. Nat., 10th ed., Vol. 1" year="1758">
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<taxonomicName id="457D776A70696C85F523897DA4C8DD51" ID-CoL="3BQW" authority="Linnaeus 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="690" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="18AD689310F02211C30A8217949EFEEC" italics="true" pageNumber="690">Bos</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="DF7A17EE825EDA03CFBE4337F4ED237D" author="Linnaeus, C." refId="ref213949" refString="Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classis, ordines, genera, species cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tenth ed. Vol. 1. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm, 824 pp." year="1758">Linnaeus 1758</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<bibCitation id="161C0E8910D3E7E256F3A86DD45E0DDA" author="Linnaeus" pageNumber="690" pagination="71" title="Bos" volumeTitle="Syst. Nat., 10th ed., Vol. 1" year="1758">Syst. Nat., 10th ed., Vol. 1: 71</bibCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0B691A14D2B6E6A33D2F10DC6545C2DA" pageNumber="690" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="A3C07D66274F225918584EE79C0B6455" pageNumber="690">
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<emphasis id="E315FB07AA17D417565137552CB4DEAC" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="690">Type Species:</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="FDD04D643439F285331DB263D0E2ACD2" authority="Linnaeus 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="690" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taurus">
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<emphasis id="BAD3E3A49C71C5D276F3BED1533CBCBC" italics="true" pageNumber="690">Bos taurus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="FF3B19DCD66E468DD606F4B99A37F95F" author="Linnaeus, C." refId="ref213949" refString="Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classis, ordines, genera, species cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tenth ed. Vol. 1. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm, 824 pp." year="1758">Linnaeus 1758</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F246E5267D3756F4464308F9F796C567" pageNumber="690" type="child_taxa">
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<paragraph id="4AFE38FE6F8C2EE7CAB84B50355431BF" pageNumber="690">
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<emphasis id="4989312FE597E6710D42DD3DFC56118B" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="690">Species and subspecies:</emphasis>
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5 species with 11 subspecies:
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E364D552953A7BB959B9F77DCA7DFF1C" pageNumber="690">
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Species
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<taxonomicName id="B45B382B9473CE93D15BAFD9107AB354" authority="Lambert 1804" authorityName="Lambert" authorityYear="1804" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="690" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="frontalis">
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<emphasis id="A942E2CE8A616D3B5DDB165011CBD415" italics="true" pageNumber="690">Bos frontalis</emphasis>
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Lambert 1804
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="321B2AC427EC383A56EDF106FF97A45A" pageNumber="690">
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Subspecies
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<taxonomicName id="B26D963DBC3F0439CADD0AF9F0461D54" authority="Lambert 1804" authorityName="Lambert" authorityYear="1804" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="690" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="frontalis" subSpecies="frontalis">
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<emphasis id="AE8A1C8DFA64AE4EF9AC8D8507B79D39" italics="true" pageNumber="690">Bos frontalis</emphasis>
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subsp.
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<emphasis id="D3E4B35CB8108755D2488B3793CF9DE8" italics="true" pageNumber="690">frontalis</emphasis>
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Lambert 1804
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6ABD5D1FDEBFC895D90A6D12810768DD" pageNumber="690">
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Subspecies
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<taxonomicName id="F5C23709152406FC064BFF7BA981DFA3" authority="Heude 1901" authorityName="Heude" authorityYear="1901" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="690" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="frontalis" subSpecies="laosiensis">
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<emphasis id="A3154FA5C2FE9D7243ACFA0F36A9B0D9" italics="true" pageNumber="690">Bos frontalis</emphasis>
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subsp.
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<emphasis id="62A6BE411E60763C2B300E4CEB7F6098" italics="true" pageNumber="690">laosiensis</emphasis>
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Heude 1901
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E0C6D593762222FEC79157C7FCDFC463" pageNumber="690">
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Subspecies
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<taxonomicName id="5708EA66EBB00C478B58DB09CD0227DB" authority="C. H. Smith 1827" authorityName="C. H. Smith" authorityYear="1827" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="690" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="frontalis" subSpecies="gaurus">
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<emphasis id="336E0C4913C2434AE65D96D3AC7A1568" italics="true" pageNumber="690">Bos frontalis</emphasis>
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subsp.
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<emphasis id="A49D2AF6B8459BF129197909C0675882" italics="true" pageNumber="690">gaurus</emphasis>
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C. H.
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<bibRefCitation id="30CFAF15D36FB50F100CDEAC9CFE17FA" author="Smith, C. H." refId="ref330696" refString="Smith, C. H. 1827. The seventh order of the Mammalia. The Ruminantia. Pp. 1 - 428, in The animal kingdom arranged in conformity with its organization, by the Baron Cuvier, member of the Institute of France, & c. & c. & c. with additional descriptions of all the species hitherto named, and of many not before noticed (E. Griffith, C. H. [amilton] Smith, and E. Pidgeon, eds.). G. B. Whitaker, London, 4: 1 - 498." year="1827">Smith 1827</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="38EAF5A7B177D6C7B8290FB61A6E68FA" pageNumber="690">
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Subspecies
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<taxonomicName id="D326AA4C098F72F2E8320190DD6E0560" authority="Deraniyagala 1951" authorityName="Deraniyagala" authorityYear="1951" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="690" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="frontalis" subSpecies="sinhaleyus">
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<emphasis id="0C76B0938F3631AE25E0D8AB5C8A380B" italics="true" pageNumber="690">Bos frontalis</emphasis>
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subsp.
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<emphasis id="C6BECCFFDBC4D0B0078ECADDF38293DD" italics="true" pageNumber="690">sinhaleyus</emphasis>
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Deraniyagala 1951
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="760C267E4B8F318FA4118BA5EC56FD85" pageNumber="690">
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Species
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<taxonomicName id="04DB520689FBA08FDBAB5248498D34C4" authority="Linnaeus 1766" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1766" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="690" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="grunniens">
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<emphasis id="F30852CCDCC3F7E39750D18A79126EAD" italics="true" pageNumber="690">Bos grunniens</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="6B56279928FFBC6C6934B4221E9B5AC4" author="Linnaeus, C." refId="ref213994" refString="Linnaeus, C. 1766 - 1768. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis synonymis, locis. Vol. 1. Regnum Animale. pt. 1, pp. 1 - 532 [1766]; vol. 3, Appendix pp. 223 - 235 [1768]. 12 th ed. [Vol. 3, Regnum Lapideum, pp. 1 - 222, rejected for nomenclatural purposes, ICZN, opinion 296]. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm, 3 vols." year="1766">Linnaeus 1766</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AB74191658D49525FBD406FD8A3ACE90" pageNumber="690">
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Subspecies
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<taxonomicName id="3C8D513927A5C2067D05988695FC98A1" authority="Linnaeus 1766" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1766" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="690" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="grunniens" subSpecies="grunniens">
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<emphasis id="CFF014134536E00DD71BC9BD4F3F51F2" italics="true" pageNumber="690">Bos grunniens</emphasis>
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subsp.
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<emphasis id="D44760588E527491A4299404D0E32F94" italics="true" pageNumber="690">grunniens</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="491BD28D99930729A5766C3BE943E5ED" author="Linnaeus, C." refId="ref213994" refString="Linnaeus, C. 1766 - 1768. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis synonymis, locis. Vol. 1. Regnum Animale. pt. 1, pp. 1 - 532 [1766]; vol. 3, Appendix pp. 223 - 235 [1768]. 12 th ed. [Vol. 3, Regnum Lapideum, pp. 1 - 222, rejected for nomenclatural purposes, ICZN, opinion 296]. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm, 3 vols." year="1766">Linnaeus 1766</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F32EF74FB141E9A6F49CBF2B426E4312" pageNumber="690">
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Subspecies
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<taxonomicName id="CC446C744572523186A04AA76BC57455" authority="Przewalski 1883" authorityName="Przewalski" authorityYear="1883" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="690" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="grunniens" subSpecies="mutus">
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<emphasis id="C80037AF24DD2E6F12E03C0DFCF6659A" italics="true" pageNumber="690">Bos grunniens</emphasis>
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subsp.
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<emphasis id="66F2F9A27EF4ACC0AEC223DD362E1E01" italics="true" pageNumber="690">mutus</emphasis>
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Przewalski 1883
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B5F7F24AE98B4A701AB0CB804F6EF03E" pageNumber="690">
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Species
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<taxonomicName id="0E45682FFDB926751CF7188DAF96EE2A" authority="d'Alton 1823" authorityName="d'Alton" authorityYear="1823" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="690" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="javanicus">
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<emphasis id="C7E153FAA4440C1F30A1FE2F3AF59453" italics="true" pageNumber="690">Bos javanicus</emphasis>
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d'Alton 1823
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DDB78B042A81A7D157BD738E6E3D6BC6" pageNumber="690">
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Subspecies
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<taxonomicName id="64BC6E6695DB0690679AB28CBBA5B7C6" authority="d'Alton 1823" authorityName="d'Alton" authorityYear="1823" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="690" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="javanicus" subSpecies="javanicus">
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<emphasis id="88A415D28FD7A6747CF2800763A9DC39" italics="true" pageNumber="690">Bos javanicus</emphasis>
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subsp.
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<emphasis id="8D22D23E2D55380C4AD493CA33D0057B" italics="true" pageNumber="690">javanicus</emphasis>
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d'Alton 1823
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2A8322B27E3CD0766475EED22A3D0FE1" pageNumber="690">
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Subspecies
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<taxonomicName id="F1611A33CE5F82169617C0C65478FD09" authority="Lydekker 1912" authorityName="Lydekker" authorityYear="1912" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="690" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="javanicus" subSpecies="lowi">
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<emphasis id="C5E962EFA1C5C890D0897D53FFE4AE74" italics="true" pageNumber="690">Bos javanicus</emphasis>
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subsp.
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<emphasis id="8B3873153C44ED806C275F365B749B59" italics="true" pageNumber="690">lowi</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="35E46C850F685C148B0EB2B557D8AC80" author="Lydekker, R." refId="ref218797" refString="Lydekker, R. 1912. The ox and its kindred. Methuen & Co. Ltd., London, 271 pp." year="1912">Lydekker 1912</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="52D703A5A2715AB1C678122D88FC5215" pageNumber="690">
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Species
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<taxonomicName id="0C1A581EA9E9CB6077103A3DF71AE2A0" authority="Urbain 1937" authorityName="Urbain" authorityYear="1937" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="690" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sauveli">
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<emphasis id="0F4B9CADD511C07A4D9C6BAF8AE58B54" italics="true" pageNumber="690">Bos sauveli</emphasis>
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Urbain 1937
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="00907317B7F491D2A3B526C6ABAA8274" pageNumber="690">
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Species
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<taxonomicName id="8FF5B4F96FBBDCD49BDE2A30AD7CEEFA" authority="Linnaeus 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="690" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taurus">
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<emphasis id="7634DFFEA7CA3E3314E3BE7EB1284A7D" italics="true" pageNumber="690">Bos taurus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="05BBF3C3B3FE12D8764315FB3555CD52" author="Linnaeus, C." refId="ref213949" refString="Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classis, ordines, genera, species cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tenth ed. Vol. 1. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm, 824 pp." year="1758">Linnaeus 1758</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CDEF050FE05B194AB11EB06301E81275" pageNumber="690">
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Subspecies
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|
<taxonomicName id="EE0C4889E09712D21F837984AC03B16D" authority="Linnaeus 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="690" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="taurus" subSpecies="taurus">
|
|
<emphasis id="1ED8D183AD87D941411A7F7597A6FC55" italics="true" pageNumber="690">Bos taurus</emphasis>
|
|
subsp.
|
|
<emphasis id="3E996E28CDAE422AA2101E4553678B82" italics="true" pageNumber="690">taurus</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D06A5D559BBD828566A4F2385D87FA4A" author="Linnaeus, C." refId="ref213949" refString="Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classis, ordines, genera, species cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tenth ed. Vol. 1. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm, 824 pp." year="1758">Linnaeus 1758</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="63B8150676C1A437CF341D3D13910D1E" pageNumber="690">
|
|
Subspecies
|
|
<taxonomicName id="96192455CF2CB1BB8BD081459988DCA7" authority="Linnaeus 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="690" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="taurus" subSpecies="indicus">
|
|
<emphasis id="1441CC6CC0F0FFE12ABA203CB7281632" italics="true" pageNumber="690">Bos taurus</emphasis>
|
|
subsp.
|
|
<emphasis id="97B8C529A6D8C8553AA30228A758F874" italics="true" pageNumber="690">indicus</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="6648594169A8FD37517DC0539F2036EA" author="Linnaeus, C." refId="ref213949" refString="Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classis, ordines, genera, species cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tenth ed. Vol. 1. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm, 824 pp." year="1758">Linnaeus 1758</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="2B1A14DA6906200D7E1B6595F12CD354" pageNumber="690">
|
|
Subspecies
|
|
<taxonomicName id="ACE1124D8F6784C503FE0289894DD2C5" authority="Bojanus 1827" authorityName="Bojanus" authorityYear="1827" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="690" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="taurus" subSpecies="primigenius">
|
|
<emphasis id="A84BFD646025DB9F0188A0E71B1D9BFD" italics="true" pageNumber="690">Bos taurus</emphasis>
|
|
subsp.
|
|
<emphasis id="3EBD8DEFD77C6A8C05A70CBC36B5F6D3" italics="true" pageNumber="690">primigenius</emphasis>
|
|
Bojanus 1827
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="C7ED3193FFAF25ADE222E060E8F045F9" pageNumber="690" type="discussion">
|
|
<paragraph id="CED363020F0F4789E807343B0355AC86" pageNumber="690">
|
|
<emphasis id="861FA1ECB62D37A186A47A075BD93660" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="690">Discussion:</emphasis>
|
|
Includes
|
|
<taxonomicName id="ECD58BAB3FD8B83CB0FFBB65D0051D89" authorityName="Hodgson" authorityYear="1837" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bibos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="18FEA144919554608DD8393FACBA5359" italics="true" pageNumber="690">Bibos</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8E75BD9CB1B225AFB213BB7E3D882F4C" authorityName="Coolidge" authorityYear="1940" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Novibos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="493D8F640E2BD9819A9917314942DDE2" italics="true" pageNumber="690">Novibos</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="5099E24763A9078991E496B32275ED42" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Poephagus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="619C0B75C0447D6C0FBA4AC447B4355B" italics="true" pageNumber="690">Poephagus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
; see
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F3282F1E293C59628962BEB69D643C28" author="Ellerman, J. R. & T. C. S. Morrison-Scott" refId="ref93180" refString="Ellerman, J. R., and T. C. S. Morrison-Scott. 1951. Checklist of Palaearctic and Indian mammals 1758 to 1946. Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History), London, 810 pp." year="1951">Ellerman and Morrison-Scott (1951:380)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
. Genus traditionally comprises
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C767853D82C20BDCE7634342E4698455" authorityName="Lambert" authorityYear="1804" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="frontalis">
|
|
<emphasis id="CB619EC54FE67537890AD335C6E11D65" italics="true" pageNumber="690">B. frontalis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
or
|
|
<taxonomicName id="7A074D76B47FDC7F81419305AB780F52" authorityName="Hodgson" authorityYear="1837" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bibos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="A68BFBF146C60C4F8B4EA85E842A24CF" italics="true" pageNumber="690">Bibos</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
group (includes also
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2385F9BE76FBA3F974623A43BBAF13B2" authorityName="d'Alton" authorityYear="1823" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="javanicus">
|
|
<emphasis id="9C1ED9133EEEE1FC4FC1A2490CF54FF5" italics="true" pageNumber="690">B. javanicus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="25E9CA2073A586B508BD17D90A33AB3C" authorityName="Urbain" authorityYear="1937" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sauveli">
|
|
<emphasis id="C272F5612B2C2C43EE10051974C9A3AC" italics="true" pageNumber="690">B. sauveli</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="54D728DB5C02DC19BCE5765BC34980B2" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taurus">
|
|
<emphasis id="D389BDD8B4A514D1D400759C9FA7F712" italics="true" pageNumber="690">B. taurus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
or nominate
|
|
<taxonomicName id="52BB2755D598944B8F1DE79704C3C40C" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="25C10FEDF33A61FF6E359A04DE5223E8" italics="true" pageNumber="690">Bos</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
group, and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="60E2D261A13384209B6B0BA2FE283D6F" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1766" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="grunniens">
|
|
<emphasis id="CF7DCC69189B230E21C5D19ED08D4641" italics="true" pageNumber="690">B. grunniens</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
or
|
|
<taxonomicName id="93D4CB6C545B0C130E332C327AF85618" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Poephagus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="1E8047D4001F042F3A903D7D3F943DA4" italics="true" pageNumber="690">Poephagus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
group. From cranial morphometrics
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="6C7EBFCF7EECDE76571CE15535EAB901" author="Groves, C. P." refId="ref131563" refString="Groves, C. P. 1981 d. Systematic relationships in the Bovini (Artiodactyla, Bovidae). Zeitschrift fur Zoologische Systematik und Evolutionsforschung, 4: 264 - 278." year="1981">
|
|
Groves (1981
|
|
<emphasis id="142D2922F7DD44003E8DCB80E9510B04" italics="true" pageNumber="690">d</emphasis>
|
|
)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
suggested that
|
|
<taxonomicName id="732D4695D1F17E4F7D14C052AC8018F9" authorityName="Hodgson" authorityYear="1837" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bibos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="E7DBF285818C017D2A7914200306F81D" italics="true" pageNumber="690">Bibos</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
group is paraphyletic,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3125DA1F086657A517F7579650AD2162" authorityName="Urbain" authorityYear="1937" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sauveli">
|
|
<emphasis id="A8F043933C1DBEA278A2A2E59080AE17" italics="true" pageNumber="690">B. sauveli</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is related to
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C52F488C69645EE3E2A71C4FA47C8F6A" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taurus">
|
|
<emphasis id="FA76DF24A131813476BAB07D8B028280" italics="true" pageNumber="690">B. taurus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="410F80EC24FAD630B9FC5B59DEFB52BD" authorityName="H. Smith" authorityYear="1827" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bison" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="8A59A29EC3C0F0685BE56CCB39784B08" italics="true" pageNumber="690">Bison</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
should be included in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="467C93D033241BB8482ADEA182E63183" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="5684E786C7A12B71C47BB67109AAF985" italics="true" pageNumber="690">Bos</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. From mtDNA sequences, the most parsimonious cladogram suggested that
|
|
<taxonomicName id="12EBE770EAC1DB09B0A711876D961CDC" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Poephagus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="0A8C3B935BD1DA18B52284A1B07B1B25" italics="true" pageNumber="690">Poephagus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
plus
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B08CF680E6BB7E9594B226A85832DC6E" authorityName="H. Smith" authorityYear="1827" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bison" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="C09FF6A01B9425ED0B3C573D556C16E8" italics="true" pageNumber="690">Bison</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
formed the sister-group of domestic cattle, but
|
|
<taxonomicName id="465B02077191113BDC47C8EBC0491E75" authorityName="Hodgson" authorityYear="1837" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bibos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="38DFF9305CDCDFC04CE1B89713EAB0B5" italics="true" pageNumber="690">Bibos</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
was not studied (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="3803E44539C1A7DC745095583D467847" author="Miyamoto, M. M. & S. M. Tanhauser & P. J. Laipis" refId="ref244302" refString="Miyamoto, M. M., S. M. Tanhauser, and P. J. Laipis. 1989. Systematic relationships in the artiodactyl tribe Bovini (family Bovidae), as determined from mitochondrial DNA sequences. Systematic Zoology, 38: 342 - 349." year="1989">Miyamoto et al., 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). From cranial morphometrics,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="1074B477431C3675F4A82C513B812D9B" author="Geraads, D." refId="ref119329" refString="Geraads, D. 1992. Phylogenetic analysis of the tribe Bovini (Mammalia: Artiodactyla). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 104: 103 - 207." year="1992">Geraads (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
suggested
|
|
<taxonomicName id="879C9270CE35C2808766F6155D1FE1F3" authorityName="H. Smith" authorityYear="1827" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bison" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="2A6AC9689C9112591EC53B4F2B2DE7AF" italics="true" pageNumber="690">Bison</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
plus
|
|
<taxonomicName id="F0945E47E7F5D45D0D1A1BF5FAEC29AB" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Poephagus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="A9B557A76BA3A8BB42C76624CBA0BF91" italics="true" pageNumber="690">Poephagus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is the sister-group of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="38871249CCC84F60DF69C477B386264D" authorityName="Hodgson" authorityYear="1837" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bibos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="BFF1EF3279FC9B4DE626AEBD8F1AE649" italics="true" pageNumber="690">Bibos</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
plus nominate
|
|
<taxonomicName id="915681B99FB1F7219FA49C212A45B756" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="37A93A8B1EC34CC9326EFBB64F707006" italics="true" pageNumber="690">Bos</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, with
|
|
<taxonomicName id="454CF91A03007E30CAC6C5C8A720BB95" authorityName="Hodgson" authorityYear="1837" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bibos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="52D1CE7587855CC988B625763D13157C" italics="true" pageNumber="690">Bibos</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
paraphyletic. Using restriction-site mapping of nuclear-ribosomal DNA regions,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="8E39BCE9E3A7F6344E60B1F22FC14CA7" author="Wall, D. A. & S. K. Davis & B. M. Read" refId="ref380838" refString="Wall, D. A., S. K. Davis, and B. M. Read. 1992. Phylogenetic relationships in the subfamily Bovinae (Mammalia: Artiodactyla) based on ribosomal DNA. Journal of Mammalogy, 73: 262 - 275." year="1992">Wall et al. (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
came to similar conclusions but with the position of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="03F0C8BE54B6E61029D43D82AB3B2B63" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Poephagus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="96EF61B58A323B408AC594A1CDCB7913" italics="true" pageNumber="690">Poephagus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
unresolved and "
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0818FBD95B8127D3F829EBF60BB03C11" authorityName="Hodgson" authorityYear="1837" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bibos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="1C20B310F00035521A176C2659C7F92F" italics="true" pageNumber="690">Bibos</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
" species,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="94C9EB00F34CF4EE90A8D563D038B9BA" authorityName="d'Alton" authorityYear="1823" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="javanicus">
|
|
<emphasis id="D40A2220F1AA8949C0FDA43B03887EF4" italics="true" pageNumber="690">Bos javanicus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6F8651D044F5612BF77D4410ADBEE2D8" authorityName="C. H. Smith" authorityYear="1827" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gaurus">
|
|
<emphasis id="0E202AF8879B4C9B8E3C1ACED56C89FD" italics="true" pageNumber="690">Bos gaurus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(=
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C6623F1C1CA4E1F44FBB09141936E7DD" authorityName="Lambert" authorityYear="1804" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="frontalis">
|
|
<emphasis id="16B247B322F2943D47EAE531D5D2730A" italics="true" pageNumber="690">frontalis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
), sister species.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |