142 lines
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142 lines
14 KiB
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.197.1728" ID-GBIF-Dataset="42b66d62-b295-44c0-9368-cf4154fddc3b" ID-PMC="PMC3376724" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-197-1" ID-PubMed="22711992" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1313-2970-197-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 197" ModsDocTitle="Opisthobranchs from the western Indian Ocean, with descriptions of two new species and ten new records (Mollusca, Gastropoda)" checkinTime="1451248993568" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Yonow, Nathalie" docDate="2012" docId="DDFF0218A2500E025A6F292A61C99F42" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 197: 1-129" docOrigin="ZooKeys 197" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.197.1728" docTitle="Thuridilla gracilis Risbec 1928" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="17" masterDocId="FFC4DD6FFFA0AE7CFF89A90FFFBCF766" masterDocTitle="Opisthobranchs from the western Indian Ocean, with descriptions of two new species and ten new records (Mollusca, Gastropoda)" masterLastPageNumber="130" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="16" updateTime="1668153941066" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Opisthobranchs from the western Indian Ocean, with descriptions of two new species and ten new records (Mollusca, Gastropoda)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Yonow, Nathalie</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>197</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>130</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.197.1728</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.197.1728</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-197-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152035785" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DDFF0218A2500E025A6F292A61C99F42" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DDFF0218A2500E025A6F292A61C99F42" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Thuridilla_gracilis" authority="Risbec, 1928" authorityName="Risbec" authorityYear="1928" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Thuridilla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thuridilla gracilis" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gracilis">Thuridilla gracilis (Risbec, 1928)</taxonomicName>
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Fig. 5Plates 1819
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elysia gracilis" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gracilis">Elysia gracilis</taxonomicName>
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Risbec, 1928: 278, fig. 93, pl. 10 fig. 5 (New Caledonia).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Thuridilla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thuridilla bayeri" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bayeri">Thuridilla bayeri</taxonomicName>
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Er. Marcus, 1965: 270, figs. 5, 6;
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<bibRefCitation author="Yonow, N" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Natural History" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" pagination="831 - 882" title="Opisthobranch molluscs from the Chagos Archipelago, Central Indian Ocean." url="10.1080/00222930110039161" volume="36" year="2002">Yonow et al. 2002</bibRefCitation>
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: 835, fig. 2c (Chagos) (syn. n.).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Thuridilla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thuridilla ratna" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ratna">Thuridilla ratna</taxonomicName>
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Er. Marcus, 1965: 270, figs. 7, 8;
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<bibRefCitation author="Jensen, KR" journalOrPublisher="Journal Molluscan Studies" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="257 - 296" title="Anatomy of some Indo-Pacific Elysiidae (Opisthobranchia: Sacoglossa: Ascoglossa), with a discussion of the generic divisions and phylogeny." url="10.1093/mollus/58.3.257" volume="58" year="1992">Jensen 1992</bibRefCitation>
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: 270, figs. 14B, 16A-C, 17A, 18B (syn. n.).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Thuridilla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thuridilla" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Thuridilla</taxonomicName>
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cf. bayeri. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Yonow, N" journalOrPublisher="Revue francaise d'aquariologie herpetologie" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" pagination="97 - 130" title="Opisthobranchs from the Maldive Islands, including descriptions of seven new species (Mollusca: Gastropoda)." volume="20" year="1994 a">Yonow 1994a</bibRefCitation>
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: 104, figs. 5a, 6a (Maldives).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Thuridilla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thuridilla gracilis" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gracilis">Thuridilla gracilis</taxonomicName>
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. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Apte, D" journalOrPublisher="Journal Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="162 - 175" title="Opisthobranch fauna of Lakshadweep Islands, India, with 52 new records to Lakshadweep and 40 new records to India: part 1." volume="106" year="2009">Apte 2009</bibRefCitation>
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: 168, fig. 1v (Laccadive Islands).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="material">
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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Seychelles: 15
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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5 mm (PK-P, "stripy black/mauve rhinophores and body, scattered blue spots, orange line edging parapodia"),
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Lilôt">Lilot</normalizedToken>
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, NW
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Mahé">Mahe</normalizedToken>
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, 7 m depth on underside of rock, 25 March 1992, leg. P Kemp; 25
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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5 mm (PK-W, "striations along parapodia but with white edge with orange line, vivid blue spots, rhinophores white with longitudinal stripes and brown orange at tips, orange under mouth"),
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Lilôt">Lilot</normalizedToken>
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, NW
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Mahé">Mahe</normalizedToken>
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, 20 m depth under rock, 09 April 1992, leg. P Kemp; photo of one individual,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Lilôt">Lilot</normalizedToken>
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, NW
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Mahé">Mahe</normalizedToken>
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, 1988-1989, P Kemp. - Maldives: three pres. specimens 6 mm, 7 mm, and 12 mm. (MDV/AB/96/10), Miyaru Kandhu, Felidhoo Atoll, 05 May 1996, leg. RC Anderson & SG Buttress; 15 mm (MDV/AB/96/12; badly preserved, no radula found), Fulidhoo Channel, Felidhoo Atoll, 10 m on algae, 07 May 1996, leg. RC Anderson & SG Buttress; photos of two individuals, 1986-1994, J Hinterkircher.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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Several colour forms exist in the Indo-West Pacific under the names of bayeri Er. Marcus (1975) and ratna Er. Marcus (1975).
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<bibRefCitation author="Marcus, E" journalOrPublisher="Malacologia" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="263 - 286" title="Some Opisthobranchia from Micronesia." volume="3" year="1965">Ernst Marcus (1975)</bibRefCitation>
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named these two species in the same publication based on specimens from the Marshall and Palau Islands: his species were differentiated by the presence or absence of blue spots and the shapes of the radular teeth. As noted in the review by
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<bibRefCitation author="Gosliner, TM" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the California Academy Sciences" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" pagination="1 - 54" title="The genus Thuridilla (Opisthobranchia: Elysiidae) from the tropical Indo-Pacific, with a revision of the phylogeny and systematics of the Elysiidae." volume="49" year="1995">Gosliner (1995)</bibRefCitation>
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, the numerous photographs now available show an overlap in colour pattern; morphologically
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<pageBreakToken pageId="16" pageNumber="17" start="start">he</pageBreakToken>
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thought they had very little to distinguish between them and synonymised ratna with bayeri. The pericardia of bayeri appear to be simpler than those of ratna, but Risbec does not describe or illustrate it for gracilis. The pericardia of these three specimens are illustrated for information, and are clearly variable (Fig. 5). The sizes of the teeth are also variable, with the range of the teeth of bayeri being slightly larger than that of ratna (measured from
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<bibRefCitation author="Jensen, KR" journalOrPublisher="Journal Molluscan Studies" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="257 - 296" title="Anatomy of some Indo-Pacific Elysiidae (Opisthobranchia: Sacoglossa: Ascoglossa), with a discussion of the generic divisions and phylogeny." url="10.1093/mollus/58.3.257" volume="58" year="1992">Jensen 1992</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation author="Gosliner, TM" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the California Academy Sciences" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" pagination="1 - 54" title="The genus Thuridilla (Opisthobranchia: Elysiidae) from the tropical Indo-Pacific, with a revision of the phylogeny and systematics of the Elysiidae." volume="49" year="1995">Gosliner 1995</bibRefCitation>
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). The form with blue spots is the more common in the Indian Ocean, although the form with orange margins is the only one recorded in Mayotte (http://seaslugs.free.fr/nudibranche/a_intro.htm). All the specimens listed above from the Maldives and the Seychelles had bright blue spots in life (Plate 18), and the Seychelles animals additionally had orange margins (Plate 19).
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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Figure 5.
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Thuridilla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thuridilla gracilis" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gracilis">Thuridilla gracilis</taxonomicName>
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, drawings of pericardia A Seychelles 15 mm specimen B Maldives 12 mm specimen. C Maldives 6 mm specimen.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Thuridilla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thuridilla gracilis" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gracilis">Thuridilla gracilis</taxonomicName>
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(Risbec) was mentioned in a discussion of a new species as being impossible to re-identify (
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<bibRefCitation author="Gosliner, TM" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the California Academy Sciences" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" pagination="1 - 54" title="The genus Thuridilla (Opisthobranchia: Elysiidae) from the tropical Indo-Pacific, with a revision of the phylogeny and systematics of the Elysiidae." volume="49" year="1995">Gosliner 1995</bibRefCitation>
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), but later,
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<bibRefCitation author="Gosliner, TM" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino Malacologico" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" pagination="143 - 150" title="Aposematic coloration and mimicry in opisthobranch mollusks: new phylogenetic and experimental data." volume="37" year="2001">Gosliner (2001)</bibRefCitation>
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appears to have reconsidered, comparing splendens (Baba) with gracilis, both species having dark brown to black bodies with cream longitudinal lines and reflective blue pigment spots which may be absent in gracilis, and subsequently retaining gracilis as a valid species (
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<bibRefCitation author="Gosliner, TM" journalOrPublisher="A Field guide to the world's most diverse fauna. Sea Challengers Natural History Books, Washington, U. S. A." pageId="65" pageNumber="66" title="Indo-Pacific Nudibranchs and Sea Slugs." year="2008">Gosliner et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Risbec’s">Risbec's</normalizedToken>
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drawing and description of a 20 mm specimen from New Caledonia is clearly within the cline between bayeri and ratna in having dark and light green lines on the body and orange tips to the rhinophores, parapodial margins, and oral tentacles. Photographs of many individuals from the type locality, New Caledonia, demonstrate that the specimens occurring at the type locality are well within the extremes shown by bayeri and ratna (
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<bibRefCitation author="Herve, J-F" journalOrPublisher="Editions Catherine Ledru, Noumea, Nouvelle Caledonie" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" title="Guide des Nudibranches de Nouvelle-Caledonie et autres Opisthobranches." year="2010">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Hervé">Herve</normalizedToken>
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2010
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</bibRefCitation>
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and pers. comm.).
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Risbec’s">Risbec's</normalizedToken>
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species is here determined as both recognisable and valid, and the name
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Thuridilla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thuridilla gracilis" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gracilis">Thuridilla gracilis</taxonomicName>
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should take precedence.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |