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<document id="245B2FF6FC75904DC0F5967F3D6DA3F8" ID-DOI="10.25226/bboc.v142i1.2022.a3" ID-ISSN="2513-9894" ID-ZooBank="4C9216EC-E822-4CC7-A163-6E96CFB3078F" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="karina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="karina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="karina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="karina" IM.tables_approvedBy="karina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="karina" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="karina" checkinTime="1718072142794" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Suárez, William" docDate="2022" docId="E575C653FF9F083DFE74A4055548FB63" docLanguage="en" docName="BullBritOrnitholClub.142.1.10-74.pdf" docOrigin="Bulletin of the British Ornithologists Club 142 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EFA7F293C51FD4806C5290561C16F223.2:BullBritOrnitholClub.2017-.journal_article" docStyleId="EFA7F293C51FD4806C5290561C16F223" docStyleName="BullBritOrnitholClub.2017-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Caracara creightoni Brodkorb 1959" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="53" masterDocId="194CBE2BFFB40811FFE4A53D575AFFBA" masterDocTitle="Catalogue of Cuban fossil and subfossil birds" masterLastPageNumber="248" masterPageNumber="247" pageNumber="52" updateTime="1726258990606" updateUser="karina" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-4.0">
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<mods:title id="FDAF2B22100BEE85929064E100BA5F0D">Catalogue of Cuban fossil and subfossil birds</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="25C624CEFF9F083AFE74A40554D1FEE8" box="[400,907,312,339]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="6D637745FF9F083AFE74A40554D1FEE8" blockId="43.[144,930,312,550]" box="[400,907,312,339]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">
<heading id="362BC029FF9F083AFE74A40554D1FEE8" box="[400,907,312,339]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" reason="8">
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF9F083AFE74A40554D1FEE8" bold="true" box="[400,907,312,339]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">
30. †
<taxonomicName id="AADC0CC6FF9F083AFE2DA40554D1FEE8" authority="Brodkorb, 1959" authorityName="Brodkorb" authorityYear="1959" box="[457,907,312,339]" class="Aves" family="Falconidae" genus="Caracara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Falconiformes" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="creightoni">
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF9F083AFE2DA4055598FEE9" bold="true" box="[457,706,312,339]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">Caracara creightoni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF9F083AFD2EA40454D1FEE8" author="Brodkorb, P." box="[714,907,312,339]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" pagination="349 - 371" refId="ref48589" refString="Brodkorb, P. 1959. Pleistocene birds from New Providence Island, Bahamas. Bull. Fla. State Mus. 4: 349 - 371." type="journal article" year="1959">Brodkorb, 1959</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6D637745FF9F083AFE9EA46554F8FEC9" blockId="43.[144,930,312,550]" box="[378,930,344,371]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">
Creightons
<taxonomicName id="AADC0CC6FF9F083AFDF6A46454F8FEC9" authority="(Caraira de Creighton)" baseAuthorityName="Caraira de Creighton" box="[530,930,344,371]" class="Aves" family="Falconidae" genus="Caracara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Falconiformes" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Caracara (Caraira de Creighton)</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="25C624CEFF9F083AFF74A4425592FD9C" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="6D637745FF9F083AFF74A4425589FE2B" blockId="43.[144,930,312,550]" box="[144,723,382,402]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">
<taxonomicName id="AADC0CC6FF9F083AFF74A4425688FE2B" authority="Brodkorb, 1959" authorityName="Brodkorb" authorityYear="1959" box="[144,466,382,402]" class="Aves" family="Falconidae" genus="Caracara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Falconiformes" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="creightoni">
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF9F083AFF74A4425660FE2B" box="[144,314,382,402]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">Caracara creightoni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF9F083AFEA4A4435688FE2B" author="Brodkorb, P." box="[320,466,382,401]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" pagination="349 - 371" refId="ref48589" refString="Brodkorb, P. 1959. Pleistocene birds from New Providence Island, Bahamas. Bull. Fla. State Mus. 4: 349 - 371." type="journal article" year="1959">Brodkorb, 1959</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF9F083AFE3FA44355D1FE2B" box="[475,651,382,402]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">
Bull. Fla. State
<collectingRegion id="AF18B9A7FF9F083AFD87A44255D1FE2B" box="[611,651,383,401]" country="Turkey" name="Mus" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">Mus</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
. 4: 353.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6D637745FF9F083AFF24A4AA555FFE10" blockId="43.[144,930,312,550]" box="[192,517,407,426]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="4DCC506BFF9F083AFF24A4AA555FFE10" box="[192,517,407,426]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">
<taxonomicName id="AADC0CC6FF9F083AFF24A4AA5605FE10" ID-CoL="4L2GN" baseAuthorityName="J. F. Miller" baseAuthorityYear="1777" box="[192,351,407,426]" class="Aves" family="Falconidae" genus="Polyborus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Falconiformes" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="plancus">
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF9F083AFF24A4AA5605FE10" box="[192,351,407,426]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">Polyborus plancus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<treatmentCitation id="EC7D5154FF9F083AFE8EA4AA555BFE10" author="Olson, S. L." box="[362,513,407,426]" page="363" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" year="1976">
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF9F083AFE8EA4AA555BFE10" author="Olson, S. L." box="[362,513,407,426]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" pagination="355 - 366" refId="ref53403" refString="Olson, S. L. 1976. A new species of Milvago from Hispaniola, with notes on other fossil caracaras from the West Indies (Aves: Falconidae). Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 88: 355 - 366." type="journal article" year="1976">Olson 1976: 363</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6D637745FF9F083AFF24A48D5554FE79" blockId="43.[144,930,312,550]" box="[192,526,432,451]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">
<taxonomicName id="AADC0CC6FF9F083AFF24A48D5629FE79" baseAuthorityName="Brodkorb" baseAuthorityYear="1959" box="[192,371,432,451]" class="Aves" family="Falconidae" genus="Polyborus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Falconiformes" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="creightoni">
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF9F083AFF24A48D5629FE79" box="[192,371,432,451]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">Polyborus creightoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: Olson 1982: 36.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6D637745FF9F083AFF24A4F455CBFE66" blockId="43.[144,930,312,550]" box="[192,657,457,476]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="4DCC506BFF9F083AFF24A4F455CBFE66" box="[192,657,457,476]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">
<taxonomicName id="AADC0CC6FF9F083AFF24A4F4560CFE66" ID-CoL="QZS5" baseAuthorityName="J. F. Miller" baseAuthorityYear="1777" box="[192,342,457,476]" class="Aves" family="Falconidae" genus="Caracara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Falconiformes" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="plancus">
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF9F083AFF24A4F4560CFE66" box="[192,342,457,476]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">Caracara plancus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ssp.:
<treatmentCitation id="EC7D5154FF9F083AFE6FA4F455D7FE66" author="Jimenez Vazquez, O." box="[395,653,457,476]" page="49" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" year="1997">
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF9F083AFE6FA4F455D7FE66" author="Jimenez Vazquez, O." box="[395,653,457,476]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" refId="ref50868" refString="Jimenez Vazquez, O. 1997 a. Seis nuevos registros de aves fosiles en Cuba. El Pitirre 10: 49." type="journal volume" year="1997">Jiménez Vázquez 1997a: 49</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6D637745FF9F083AFF24A4DF55FEFE4F" blockId="43.[144,930,312,550]" box="[192,676,481,501]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="4DCC506BFF9F083AFF24A4DF55FEFE4F" box="[192,676,481,501]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">
<taxonomicName id="AADC0CC6FF9F083AFF24A4DF5630FE4E" authorityName="Brodkorb" authorityYear="1959" box="[192,362,481,501]" class="Aves" family="Falconidae" genus="Caracara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Falconiformes" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="creigthoni">
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF9F083AFF24A4DF5630FE4E" box="[192,362,481,501]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">Caracara creigthoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<treatmentCitation id="EC7D5154FF9F083AFE91A4DF554FFE4F" author="Suarez, W." box="[373,533,482,501]" page="120" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" year="2000">
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF9F083AFE91A4DF554FFE4F" author="Suarez, W." box="[373,533,482,501]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" pagination="109 - 122" refId="ref56095" refString="Suarez, W. 2000 a. Contribucion al conocimiento del estatus generico del condor extinto (Ciconiiformes: Vulturidae) del Cuaternario cubano. Orn. Neotrop. 11: 109 - 122." type="journal article" year="2000">Suárez 2000a:120</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF9F083AFDC7A4DC55CDFE4E" box="[547,663,481,500]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">lapsus calami</emphasis>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6D637745FF9F083AFF24A4C655F4FDB7" blockId="43.[144,930,312,550]" box="[192,686,506,526]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="4DCC506BFF9F083AFF24A4C655F4FDB7" box="[192,686,506,526]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">
<taxonomicName id="AADC0CC6FF9F083AFF24A4C65630FDB7" authorityName="Brodkorb" authorityYear="1959" box="[192,362,506,526]" class="Aves" family="Falconidae" genus="Caracara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Falconiformes" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="creigthoni">
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF9F083AFF24A4C65630FDB7" box="[192,362,506,526]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">Caracara creigthoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<treatmentCitation id="EC7D5154FF9F083AFE91A4C7555BFDB7" author="Suarez, W." box="[373,513,506,525]" page="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" year="2004">
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF9F083AFE91A4C7555BFDB7" author="Suarez, W." box="[373,513,506,525]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" refId="ref56306" refString="Suarez, W. 2004 c. Biogeografia de las aves fosiles de Cuba. In Iturralde-Vinent, M. A. (ed.) Origen y evolucion del Caribe y sus biotas marinas y terrestres. CD. Centro Nacional de Informacion Geologica, La Habana." type="book" year="2004">Suárez 2004c:1</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 10 (
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF9F083AFDC9A4C755FBFDB7" box="[557,673,506,525]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">lapsus calami</emphasis>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6D637745FF9F083AFF24A72E5592FD9C" blockId="43.[144,930,312,550]" box="[192,712,531,550]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">
<taxonomicName id="AADC0CC6FF9F083AFF24A72E5630FD9C" authorityName="Brodkorb" authorityYear="1959" box="[192,362,531,550]" class="Aves" family="Falconidae" genus="Caracara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Falconiformes" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="creigthoni">
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF9F083AFF24A72E5630FD9C" box="[192,362,531,550]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">Caracara creigthoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: Suárez 2020a: table 1 (
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF9F083AFDA3A72E55E1FD9C" box="[583,699,531,550]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">lapsus calami</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="25C624CEFF9F083AFF24A772552CFB3D" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" type="description">
<paragraph id="6D637745FF9F083AFF24A772552CFB3D" blockId="43.[144,1165,591,1703]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF9F083AFF24A772564DFDDD" bold="true" box="[192,279,591,615]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">History</emphasis>
.—
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF9F083AFED3A76D5680FDD2" box="[311,474,592,616]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">
<date id="19625185FF9F083AFED3A76D5680FDD2" box="[311,474,592,616]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" value="1958-08-28">28 August 1958</date>
</emphasis>
:
<typeStatus id="B267C9E7FF9F083AFE03A7725510FDDD" box="[487,586,591,615]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
collected by J. C. Dickinson and W. Auffenberg at a cave deposit in
<collectingCountry id="15CB37D5FF9F083AFEDEA7525692FD3D" box="[314,456,623,647]" name="Bahamas" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">the Bahamas</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF9F083AFE30A75255F6FD3D" author="Brodkorb, P." box="[468,684,623,647]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" pagination="349 - 371" refId="ref48589" refString="Brodkorb, P. 1959. Pleistocene birds from New Providence Island, Bahamas. Bull. Fla. State Mus. 4: 349 - 371." type="journal article" year="1959">Brodkorb 1959: 353</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF9F083AFD51A7525447FD32" author="Brodkorb, P." box="[693,797,623,648]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" pagination="195 - 335" refId="ref48676" refString="Brodkorb, P. 1964. Catalogue of fossil birds: part 2 (Anseriformes through Galliformes). Bull. Fla. State Mus. 8: 195 - 335." type="journal article" year="1964">1964: 292</bibRefCitation>
).
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF9F083AFCC9A74D54FCFD32" box="[813,934,624,648]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">
<date id="19625185FF9F083AFCC9A74D54FCFD32" box="[813,934,624,648]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" value="1959-06-03">3 June 1959</date>
</emphasis>
: original description published (
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF9F083AFEF0A7B25699FD1D" author="Brodkorb, P." box="[276,451,655,679]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" pagination="349 - 371" refId="ref48589" refString="Brodkorb, P. 1959. Pleistocene birds from New Providence Island, Bahamas. Bull. Fla. State Mus. 4: 349 - 371." type="journal article" year="1959">Brodkorb 1959</bibRefCitation>
).
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF9F083AFE3EA7B255CAFD1D" box="[474,656,655,679]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">
<date id="19625185FF9F083AFE3EA7B255CAFD1D" box="[474,656,655,679]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" value="1976-01-22">22 January 1976</date>
</emphasis>
: the single specimen known is considered a synonym (
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF9F083AFEC5A7925682FD7D" author="Olson, S. L." box="[289,472,687,711]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" pagination="355 - 366" refId="ref53403" refString="Olson, S. L. 1976. A new species of Milvago from Hispaniola, with notes on other fossil caracaras from the West Indies (Aves: Falconidae). Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 88: 355 - 366." type="journal article" year="1976">Olson 1976: 363</bibRefCitation>
) of living
<taxonomicName id="AADC0CC6FF9F083AFDB2A78D54FFFD7D" authority="(J. F. Miller, 1777)" baseAuthorityName="J. F. Miller" baseAuthorityYear="1777" box="[598,933,687,711]" class="Aves" family="Falconidae" genus="Caracara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Falconiformes" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="plancus">
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF9F083AFDB2A78D559CFD7D" box="[598,710,687,711]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">C. plancus</emphasis>
(J. F.
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF9F083AFCF6A79254C7FD7D" author="Miller, J. F." box="[786,925,687,711]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" refId="ref52746" refString="Miller, J. F. 1777. Various subjects of natural history, wherein are delineated birds, animals and many curious plants, pt. 3. London." type="book" year="1777">Miller, 1777</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF9F083AFC56A78D530BFD7D" box="[946,1105,687,711]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">
<date id="19625185FF9F083AFC56A78D530BFD7D" box="[946,1105,687,711]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" value="1982-08-05">5 August 1982</date>
</emphasis>
: two additional fossils, a left quadrate and a distal end of a left tibiotarsus from the type locality provide characters to support the extinct species validity (
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF9F083AFCC0A7D253D2FCBD" author="Olson, S. L. &amp; Hilgartner, W. B." box="[804,1160,751,775]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" refId="ref53860" refString="Olson, S. L. &amp; Hilgartner, W. B. 1982. Fossil and subfossil birds from the Bahamas. Pp. 22 - 56 in Olson, S. L. (ed.) Fossil vertebrates from the Bahamas. Smiths. Contrib. Paleobiol. 48." type="journal volume" year="1982">Olson &amp; Hilgartner 1982: 2831</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 2: B = tibiotarsus [anterior], D = idem [distal], F = quadrate [medial], H = idem [ventral]).
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF9F083AFF74A60D5649FCFD" box="[144,275,815,839]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">Winter 1997</emphasis>
: first record published from
<collectingCountry id="15CB37D5FF9F083AFDBDA61255CFFCFD" box="[601,661,815,839]" name="Cuba" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">Cuba</collectingCountry>
based on specimens from two cave deposits in the west (
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF9F083AFEF9A6725524FCDD" author="Suarez, W. &amp; Arredondo, O." box="[285,638,847,871]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" pagination="100 - 102" refId="ref56465" refString="Suarez, W. &amp; Arredondo, O. 1997. Nuevas adiciones a la paleornitologia cubana. El Pitirre 10: 100 - 102." type="journal article" year="1997">Suárez &amp; Arredondo 1997: 101</bibRefCitation>
).
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF9F083AFD76A6725445FCDD" box="[658,799,847,871]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">
<date id="19625185FF9F083AFD76A6725445FCDD" box="[658,799,847,871]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" value="2001-05-25">25 May 2001</date>
</emphasis>
: species redescribed on basis of cranial and postcranial material from cave and sinkhole deposits in central and west
<collectingCountry id="15CB37D5FF9F083AFBB4A65253D6FC3D" box="[1104,1164,879,903]" name="Cuba" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">Cuba</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF9F083AFF73A6B256CCFC1D" author="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L." box="[151,406,911,935]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" pagination="34 - 41" refId="ref56658" refString="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L. 2001 a. A remarkable new species of small falcon from the Quaternary of Cuba (Aves: Falconidae: Falco). Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 114: 34 - 41." type="journal article" year="2001">Suárez &amp; Olson 2001a</bibRefCitation>
).
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF9F083AFE4DA6B2550AFC1D" box="[425,592,911,935]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">
<date id="19625185FF9F083AFE4DA6B2550AFC1D" box="[425,592,911,935]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" value="2003-08-11">11 August 2003</date>
</emphasis>
: identified in tar seeps at Las Breas de San Felipe, with description of previously unknown skeletal elements (
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF9F083AFCD4A6925307FC7D" author="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L." box="[816,1117,943,967]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" pagination="301 - 307" refId="ref56826" refString="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L. 2003 c. A new species of caracara (Milvago) from Quaternary asphalt deposits in Cuba, with notes on new material of Caracara creightoni Brodkorb (Aves: Falconidae). Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 116: 301 - 307." type="journal article" year="2003">Suárez &amp; Olson 2003c: 307</bibRefCitation>
; see Suárez 2020a: 3235).
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF9F083AFE62A6F2551CFC5D" box="[390,582,975,999]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">
<date id="19625185FF9F083AFE62A6F2551CFC5D" box="[390,582,975,999]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" value="2007-12-11">11 December 2007</date>
</emphasis>
: a well-preserved skull and its respective mandible reported from a blue hole, Sawmill Sink, Great
<collectingRegion id="AF18B9A7FF9F083AFD4FA6D255AFFBBD" box="[683,757,1007,1031]" country="Bahamas" name="South Abaco" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">Abaco</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="15CB37D5FF9F083AFCE4A6D2543FFBBD" box="[768,869,1007,1031]" name="Bahamas" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">Bahamas</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF9F083AFC91A6D25304FBBD" author="Steadman, D. W. &amp; Franz, R. &amp; Morgan, G. S. &amp; Albury, N. A. &amp; Kakuk, B. &amp; Broad, K. &amp; Franz, S. E. &amp; Tinker, K. &amp; Pateman, M. P. &amp; Lott, T. A. &amp; Jarzen, D. M. &amp; Dilcher, D. L." box="[885,1118,1007,1031]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" pagination="19897 - 19902" refId="ref55855" refString="Steadman, D. W., Franz, R., Morgan, G. S., Albury, N. A., Kakuk, B., Broad, K., Franz, S. E., Tinker, K., Pateman, M. P., Lott, T. A., Jarzen, D. M. &amp; Dilcher, D. L. 2007. Exceptionally well preserved late Quaternary plant and vertebrate fossils from a blue hole on Abaco, the Bahamas. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104: 19897 - 19902." type="journal article" year="2007">
Steadman
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF9F083AFC09A6CD5343FBBD" box="[1005,1049,1007,1031]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">et al</emphasis>
. 2007
</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 6 [lateral]).
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF9F083AFEF2A13256E1FB9D" box="[278,443,1039,1063]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">
<date id="19625185FF9F083AFEF2A13256E1FB9D" box="[278,443,1039,1063]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" value="2014-10-03">3 October 2014</date>
</emphasis>
: first direct
<superScript id="9AA9DA0DFF9F083AFDAFA1305500FBA1" attach="right" box="[587,602,1037,1051]" fontSize="6" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">14</superScript>
<taxonomicName id="AADC0CC6FF9F083AFDBEA12D55E5FB9D" box="[602,703,1039,1064]" class="Aves" family="Caprimulgidae" genus="Caprimulgus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caprimulgiformes" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dating">C dating</taxonomicName>
on material (femur) from Great
<collectingRegion id="AF18B9A7FF9F083AFBDAA13253D2FB9D" box="[1086,1160,1039,1063]" country="Bahamas" name="South Abaco" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">Abaco</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="15CB37D5FF9F083AFF74A11257AFFBFD" box="[144,245,1071,1095]" name="Bahamas" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">Bahamas</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF9F083AFEE2A1125561FBFD" author="Steadman, D. W. &amp; Franklin, J." box="[262,571,1071,1096]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" pagination="426 - 438" refId="ref55535" refString="Steadman, D. W. &amp; Franklin, J. 2015. Changes in a West Indian bird community since the late Pleistocene. J. Biogeogr. 42: 426 - 438." type="journal article" year="2015">Steadman &amp; Franklin 2015</bibRefCitation>
: table 2, fig. 3: a [posterior], b [anterior]).
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF9F083AFBC0A1125799FBD2" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">
<date id="19625185FF9F083AFBC0A1125799FBD2" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" value="2019-11">November 2019</date>
</emphasis>
: mitochondrial genome data obtained from a late Holocene (2,500 yr BP) right femur, Great
<collectingRegion id="AF18B9A7FF9F083AFF30A1525644FB3D" box="[212,286,1135,1159]" country="Bahamas" name="South Abaco" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">Abaco</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="15CB37D5FF9F083AFECDA15256D4FB3D" box="[297,398,1135,1159]" name="Bahamas" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">Bahamas</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF9F083AFE79A1525531FB3D" author="Oswald, J. A. &amp; Allen, J. M. &amp; Witt, K. E. &amp; Folk, R. A. &amp; Albury, N. A. &amp; Steadman, D. W. &amp; Guralnick, R. P." box="[413,619,1135,1159]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" refId="ref54563" refString="Oswald, J. A., Allen, J. M., Witt, K. E., Folk, R. A., Albury, N. A., Steadman, D. W. &amp; Guralnick, R. P. 2019. Ancient DNA from a 2,500 - year-old Caribbean fossil places an extinct bird (Caracara creightoni) in a phylogenetic context. Mol. Phylo. &amp; Evol. 140: 106576." type="journal volume" year="2019">
Oswald
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF9F083AFE1FA14D557CFB3D" box="[507,550,1135,1159]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">et al</emphasis>
. 2019
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="25C624CEFF9F083DFF24A1B256F2FE63" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="6D637745FF9F083AFF24A1B25662FB5D" blockId="43.[144,1165,591,1703]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF9F083AFF24A1B25670FB1D" bold="true" box="[192,298,1167,1191]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">
<typeStatus id="B267C9E7FF9F083AFF24A1B25670FB1D" box="[192,298,1167,1191]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
.—Incomplete left carpometacarpus, UF 3153 (
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF9F083AFCD5A1B25356FB1D" author="Brodkorb, P." box="[817,1036,1167,1191]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" pagination="349 - 371" refId="ref48589" refString="Brodkorb, P. 1959. Pleistocene birds from New Providence Island, Bahamas. Bull. Fla. State Mus. 4: 349 - 371." type="journal article" year="1959">Brodkorb 1959: 353</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 1, fig. 7 [lateral]). Collected
<date id="19625185FF9F083AFE8BA1925546FB7D" box="[367,540,1199,1224]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" value="1958-08-28">28 August 1958</date>
by J. C. Dickinson and W. Auffenberg (
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF9F083AFC3BA19257E2FB5D" author="Brodkorb, P." pageId="43" pageNumber="52" pagination="349 - 371" refId="ref48589" refString="Brodkorb, P. 1959. Pleistocene birds from New Providence Island, Bahamas. Bull. Fla. State Mus. 4: 349 - 371." type="journal article" year="1959">Brodkorb 1959: 353</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF9F083AFF27A1F25677FB5D" author="Brodkorb, P." box="[195,301,1231,1255]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" pagination="195 - 335" refId="ref48676" refString="Brodkorb, P. 1964. Catalogue of fossil birds: part 2 (Anseriformes through Galliformes). Bull. Fla. State Mus. 8: 195 - 335." type="journal article" year="1964">1964: 292</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6D637745FF9F083AFF24A1CD56BEFA9D" blockId="43.[144,1165,591,1703]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF9F083AFF24A1CD5602FABD" bold="true" box="[192,344,1263,1287]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">Type locality</emphasis>
.—Banana Hole, New Providence Island,
<collectingCountry id="15CB37D5FF9F083AFCD0A1D254C3FABD" box="[820,921,1263,1287]" name="Bahamas" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">Bahamas</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF9F083AFC4DA1D253D2FABD" author="Brodkorb, P." box="[937,1160,1263,1287]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" pagination="349 - 371" refId="ref48589" refString="Brodkorb, P. 1959. Pleistocene birds from New Providence Island, Bahamas. Bull. Fla. State Mus. 4: 349 - 371." type="journal article" year="1959">Brodkorb 1959: 351</bibRefCitation>
; see
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF9F083AFF5EA0325682FA9D" author="Olson, S. L. &amp; Pregill, G. K." box="[186,472,1295,1319]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" refId="ref53988" refString="Olson, S. L. &amp; Pregill, G. K. 1982. Introduction to the paleontology of Bahaman vertebrates. Pp. 1 - 7 in Olson, S. L. (ed.) Fossil vertebrates from the Bahamas. Smiths. Contrib. Paleobiol. 48." type="journal volume" year="1982">Olson &amp; Pregill 1982: 45</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6D637745FF9F083DFF24A01256F2FE63" blockId="43.[144,1165,591,1703]" lastBlockId="44.[144,1165,129,1241]" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF9F083AFF24A01256D2FAFD" bold="true" box="[192,392,1327,1351]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">Referred material</emphasis>
.—
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF9F083AFE4CA01256BDFAFD" bold="true" box="[424,487,1327,1351]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">Skull</emphasis>
: incomplete,
<collectionCode id="0BCDEF80FF9F083AFD66A01255F0FAFD" box="[642,682,1327,1351]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">OA</collectionCode>
3928 (
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF9F083AFD12A0125371FAFD" author="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L." box="[758,1067,1327,1351]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" pagination="501 - 508" refId="ref56706" refString="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L. 2001 b. Further characterization of Caracara creightoni Brodkorb based on fossils from the Quaternary of Cuba (Aves: Falconidae). Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 114: 501 - 508." type="journal article" year="2001">Suárez &amp; Olson 2001b: 502</bibRefCitation>
, figs. 1B [lateral], 2B [dorsal]); rostrum, MNHNCu 75.4742 (Suárez 2020a: 32, fig. 13: A [lateral], B [dorsal]).
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF9F083AFF18A0525637FA3D" bold="true" box="[252,365,1391,1415]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">Notarium</emphasis>
: fragmentary, MNHNCu 75.4579.
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF9F083AFD0BA0525401FA3D" bold="true" box="[751,859,1391,1415]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">Humerus</emphasis>
: proximal end of right, WS 1035 (
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF9F083AFF36A0B25559FA1D" author="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L." box="[210,515,1423,1447]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" pagination="301 - 307" refId="ref56826" refString="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L. 2003 c. A new species of caracara (Milvago) from Quaternary asphalt deposits in Cuba, with notes on new material of Caracara creightoni Brodkorb (Aves: Falconidae). Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 116: 301 - 307." type="journal article" year="2003">Suárez &amp; Olson 2003c: 305</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 2C [anconal]); shaft of right, MNHNCu 75.4759; left lacking proximal end, MNHNCu 75.4817 (Suárez 2020a: 32, fig. 13C [palmal]); proximal half of left, MNHNCu 75.4818 (Suárez 2020a: 32, fig. 13D [palmal]).
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF9F083AFC42A0F25484FA5D" bold="true" box="[934,990,1487,1511]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">Ulna</emphasis>
: left, MPSG 75 (
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF9F083AFF73A0D25692F9BD" author="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L." box="[151,456,1519,1543]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" pagination="501 - 508" refId="ref56706" refString="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L. 2001 b. Further characterization of Caracara creightoni Brodkorb based on fossils from the Quaternary of Cuba (Aves: Falconidae). Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 114: 501 - 508." type="journal article" year="2001">Suárez &amp; Olson 2001b: 502</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 3A: left [internal]).
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF9F083AFD3CA0D254F9F9BD" bold="true" box="[728,931,1519,1543]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">Carpometacarpus</emphasis>
: right lacking minor metacarpal, MPSG 77 (
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF9F083AFE73A3325597F99D" author="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L." box="[407,717,1551,1575]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" pagination="501 - 508" refId="ref56706" refString="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L. 2001 b. Further characterization of Caracara creightoni Brodkorb based on fossils from the Quaternary of Cuba (Aves: Falconidae). Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 114: 501 - 508." type="journal article" year="2001">Suárez &amp; Olson 2001b: 502</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 3B: left [internal]); left, MNHNCu 75.4819 (Suárez 2020a: 32, fig. 13E [internal]); proximal half of left, MPSG 110.
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF9F083AFBEDA312530EF9FD" bold="true" box="[1033,1108,1583,1607]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">Femur</emphasis>
: left, WS 1933 (
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF9F083AFF18A372557BF9DD" author="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L." box="[252,545,1615,1639]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" pagination="301 - 307" refId="ref56826" refString="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L. 2003 c. A new species of caracara (Milvago) from Quaternary asphalt deposits in Cuba, with notes on new material of Caracara creightoni Brodkorb (Aves: Falconidae). Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 116: 301 - 307." type="journal article" year="2003">Suárez &amp; Olson 2003c: 305</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 2A [anterior],
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF9F083AFD16A36D54C4F9DD" author="Jones, W. W. &amp; Rinderknecht, A. &amp; Migotto, R. &amp; Blanco, R. E." box="[754,926,1615,1639]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" pagination="151 - 158" refId="ref51342" refString="Jones, W. W., Rinderknecht, A., Migotto, R. &amp; Blanco, R. E. 2013. Body mass estimations and paleobiological inferences on a new species of large caracara (Aves, Falconidae) from the late Pleistocene of Uruguay. J. Vert. Paleontol. 87: 151 - 158." type="journal article" year="2013">
Jones
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF9F083AFCD7A36D5407F9DD" box="[819,861,1615,1639]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">et al</emphasis>
. 2013
</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 5*: 5 [posterior]); distal end of left, WS 0209; proximal half of right, WS 0142; proximal end of right, WS 587.
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF9F083AFF74A3B2564EF91D" bold="true" box="[144,276,1679,1703]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52">Tibiotarsus</emphasis>
: left lacking internal condyle, MPSG 79 (
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF9F083AFD3FA3B2535CF91D" author="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L." box="[731,1030,1679,1703]" pageId="43" pageNumber="52" pagination="501 - 508" refId="ref56706" refString="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L. 2001 b. Further characterization of Caracara creightoni Brodkorb based on fossils from the Quaternary of Cuba (Aves: Falconidae). Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 114: 501 - 508." type="journal article" year="2001">Suárez &amp; Olson 2001b: 502</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 3D: left [anterior]); distal end of right lacking posterior rim of internal condyle, MPSG 83; distal halves of right, MNHNCu 75.48524853; distal ends of right, MNHNCu 75.48544856; shaft of left, MNHNCu 75.4851; distal ends of right, MNHNCu 75.45844585; distal ends of left, MNHNCu 75.45804583.
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF98083DFE5EA5DC552CFF43" bold="true" box="[442,630,225,249]" pageId="44" pageNumber="53">Tarsometatarsus</emphasis>
: right, MNHNCu 75.4820 (Suárez 2020a: 32, fig. 13: D [anterior]) and 75.48274828; proximal halves of right, MNHNCu 75.48444847; proximal ends of right, MNHNCu 75.48484850; right lacking proximal ends, MNHNCu 75.48294831; distal end of right, MNHNCu 75.4839; left, MPSG 103 (
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF98083DFC74A47C57E2FEC3" author="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L." pageId="44" pageNumber="53" pagination="501 - 508" refId="ref56706" refString="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L. 2001 b. Further characterization of Caracara creightoni Brodkorb based on fossils from the Quaternary of Cuba (Aves: Falconidae). Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 114: 501 - 508." type="journal article" year="2001">Suárez &amp; Olson 2001b: 502</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 3C: left [anterior]); left without distal end, MNHNCu 75.4840; proximal ends of left, MNHNCu 75.48414843; distal halves of left, MNHNCu 75.48324835, MPSG 106; distal ends of left, MNHNCu 75.45924593, MNHNCu 75.48364838; distal ends of right, MNHNCu 75.45864591.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="25C624CEFF98083DFF24A4DD5548FB63" pageId="44" pageNumber="53" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="6D637745FF98083DFF24A4DD5325FD63" blockId="44.[144,1165,129,1241]" pageId="44" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF98083DFF24A4DD5614FE42" bold="true" box="[192,334,480,504]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="53">Distribution</emphasis>
.—Cave, asphalt and sinkhole deposits in west and central
<collectingCountry id="15CB37D5FF98083DFBFCA4DC530EFE43" box="[1048,1108,481,505]" name="Cuba" pageId="44" pageNumber="53">Cuba</collectingCountry>
(see Appendix).
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF98083DFEF1A73C5629FDA2" box="[277,371,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="53">
<collectingRegion id="AF18B9A7FF98083DFEF1A73C5629FDA2" box="[277,371,513,536]" country="Cuba" name="Artemisa" pageId="44" pageNumber="53">Artemisa</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
. Caimito:
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF98083DFE01A73C5540FDA3" bold="true" box="[485,538,513,537]" pageId="44" pageNumber="53">ACP</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF98083DFDCCA73C5415FDA3" author="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L." box="[552,847,513,537]" pageId="44" pageNumber="53" pagination="301 - 307" refId="ref56826" refString="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L. 2003 c. A new species of caracara (Milvago) from Quaternary asphalt deposits in Cuba, with notes on new material of Caracara creightoni Brodkorb (Aves: Falconidae). Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 116: 301 - 307." type="journal article" year="2003">Suárez &amp; Olson 2003c: 305</bibRefCitation>
),
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF98083DFC84A73C54CDFDA3" bold="true" box="[864,919,513,537]" pageId="44" pageNumber="53">ASA</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF98083DFC40A73C57A1FD83" author="Suarez, W. &amp; Arredondo, O." pageId="44" pageNumber="53" pagination="100 - 102" refId="ref56465" refString="Suarez, W. &amp; Arredondo, O. 1997. Nuevas adiciones a la paleornitologia cubana. El Pitirre 10: 100 - 102." type="journal article" year="1997">Suárez &amp; Arredondo 1997: 101</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF98083DFEEEA71C56FFFD83" author="Suarez, W." box="[266,421,545,569]" pageId="44" pageNumber="53" pagination="66 - 68" refId="ref56130" refString="Suarez, W. 2000 b. Fossil evidence for the occurrence of Cuban Poorwill Siphonorhis daiquiri in western Cuba. Cotinga 14: 66 - 68." type="journal article" year="2000">Suárez 2000b</bibRefCitation>
: table 1 [
<taxonomicName id="AADC0CC6FF98083DFDFEA71C55FEFD83" box="[538,676,545,569]" class="Aves" family="Falconidae" genus="Caracara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Falconiformes" pageId="44" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF98083DFDFEA71C552CFD82" box="[538,630,545,568]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="53">Caracara</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
],
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF98083DFD26A71C54A7FD83" author="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L." box="[706,1021,545,569]" pageId="44" pageNumber="53" pagination="301 - 307" refId="ref56826" refString="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L. 2003 c. A new species of caracara (Milvago) from Quaternary asphalt deposits in Cuba, with notes on new material of Caracara creightoni Brodkorb (Aves: Falconidae). Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 116: 301 - 307." type="journal article" year="2003">Suárez &amp; Olson 2003c: 305</bibRefCitation>
).
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF98083DFBF6A71C53DCFD83" box="[1042,1158,545,569]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="53">
<collectingRegion id="AF18B9A7FF98083DFBF6A71C53DCFD83" box="[1042,1158,545,569]" country="Cuba" name="Mayabeque" pageId="44" pageNumber="53">Mayabeque</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
. Quivicán:
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF98083DFEECA77C5664FDE3" bold="true" box="[264,318,577,601]" pageId="44" pageNumber="53">YTU</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF98083DFEB4A77C55D0FDE3" author="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L." box="[336,650,577,601]" pageId="44" pageNumber="53" pagination="301 - 307" refId="ref56826" refString="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L. 2003 c. A new species of caracara (Milvago) from Quaternary asphalt deposits in Cuba, with notes on new material of Caracara creightoni Brodkorb (Aves: Falconidae). Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 116: 301 - 307." type="journal article" year="2003">Suárez &amp; Olson 2003c: 307</bibRefCitation>
[
<taxonomicName id="AADC0CC6FF98083DFD41A77C5401FDE3" baseAuthorityName="J. F. Miller" baseAuthorityYear="1777" box="[677,859,577,601]" class="Aves" family="Falconidae" genus="Caracara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Falconiformes" pageId="44" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="plancus">
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF98083DFD41A77C5401FDE3" box="[677,859,577,601]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="53">Caracara plancus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ssp. of
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF98083DFC21A77C57A4FDC3" author="Jimenez Vazquez, O." pageId="44" pageNumber="53" refId="ref50868" refString="Jimenez Vazquez, O. 1997 a. Seis nuevos registros de aves fosiles en Cuba. El Pitirre 10: 49." type="journal volume" year="1997">Jiménez Vázquez 1997a: 49</bibRefCitation>
]).
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF98083DFEFFA75F56DAFDC3" box="[283,384,610,633]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="53">
<collectingRegion id="AF18B9A7FF98083DFEFFA75F56DAFDC3" box="[283,384,610,633]" country="Cuba" name="Matanzas" pageId="44" pageNumber="53">Matanzas</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
. Cárdenas:
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF98083DFDE8A75C551DFDC3" bold="true" box="[524,583,609,633]" pageId="44" pageNumber="53">MCA</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF98083DFDBEA75C5498FDC3" author="Suarez, W. &amp; Arredondo, O." box="[602,962,609,633]" pageId="44" pageNumber="53" pagination="100 - 102" refId="ref56465" refString="Suarez, W. &amp; Arredondo, O. 1997. Nuevas adiciones a la paleornitologia cubana. El Pitirre 10: 100 - 102." type="journal article" year="1997">Suárez &amp; Arredondo 1997: 101</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF98083DFC35A75C565CFD23" author="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L." pageId="44" pageNumber="53" pagination="501 - 508" refId="ref56706" refString="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L. 2001 b. Further characterization of Caracara creightoni Brodkorb based on fossils from the Quaternary of Cuba (Aves: Falconidae). Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 114: 501 - 508." type="journal article" year="2001">Suárez &amp; Olson 2001b: 502</bibRefCitation>
), Martí:
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF98083DFE87A7BC56C2FD23" bold="true" box="[355,408,641,665]" pageId="44" pageNumber="53">MLB</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF98083DFE42A7BC558CFD23" author="Iturralde-Vinent, M. A. &amp; MacPhee, R. D. E. &amp; Diaz-Franco, S. &amp; Rojas-Consuegra, R. &amp; Suarez, W. &amp; Lomba, A." box="[422,726,641,665]" pageId="44" pageNumber="53" pagination="300 - 313" refId="ref50771" refString="Iturralde-Vinent, M. A., MacPhee, R. D. E., Diaz-Franco, S., Rojas-Consuegra, R., Suarez, W. &amp; Lomba, A. 2000. Las Breas de San Felipe, a Quaternary fossiliferous asphalt seep near Marti (Matanzas Province, Cuba). Carib. J. Sci. 36: 300 - 313." type="journal article" year="2000">
Iturralde-Vinent
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF98083DFD80A7BF55C9FD23" box="[612,659,641,665]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="53">et al</emphasis>
. 2000
</bibRefCitation>
: table 2 [
<taxonomicName id="AADC0CC6FF98083DFCDBA7BC549EFD23" box="[831,964,641,665]" class="Aves" family="Falconidae" genus="Caracara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Falconiformes" pageId="44" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF98083DFCDBA7BC54C1FD22" box="[831,923,641,664]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="53">Caracara</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
],
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF98083DFC39A7BC565FFD03" author="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L." pageId="44" pageNumber="53" pagination="301 - 307" refId="ref56826" refString="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L. 2003 c. A new species of caracara (Milvago) from Quaternary asphalt deposits in Cuba, with notes on new material of Caracara creightoni Brodkorb (Aves: Falconidae). Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 116: 301 - 307." type="journal article" year="2003">Suárez &amp; Olson 2003c: 307</bibRefCitation>
, Suárez 2020a: 32). Jagüey Grande:
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF98083DFD40A79C558BFD03" bold="true" box="[676,721,673,697]" pageId="44" pageNumber="53">MFJ</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF98083DFD07A79C55AEFD03" box="[739,756,673,697]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="53">cf</emphasis>
. CLV).
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF98083DFCAAA79C549AFD03" box="[846,960,673,697]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="53">
<collectingRegion id="AF18B9A7FF98083DFCAAA79C549AFD03" box="[846,960,673,697]" country="Cuba" name="Villa Clara" pageId="44" pageNumber="53">Villa Clara</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
. Corralillo:
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF98083DFBB4A79C53D2FD03" bold="true" box="[1104,1160,673,697]" pageId="44" pageNumber="53">VSM</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF98083DFF73A7FC569FFD63" author="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L." box="[151,453,705,729]" pageId="44" pageNumber="53" pagination="501 - 508" refId="ref56706" refString="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L. 2001 b. Further characterization of Caracara creightoni Brodkorb based on fossils from the Quaternary of Cuba (Aves: Falconidae). Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 114: 501 - 508." type="journal article" year="2001">Suárez &amp; Olson 2001b: 502</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF98083DFE34A7FC54ADFD63" author="Arredondo Antunez, C. &amp; Villavicencio Finalet, R." box="[464,1015,705,729]" pageId="44" pageNumber="53" pagination="160 - 172" refId="ref47193" refString="Arredondo Antunez, C. &amp; Villavicencio Finalet, R. 2006 [for 2004]. Tafonomia del deposito arqueologico Solapa del Megalocnus en el noroeste de Villa Clara, Cuba. Rev. Biol. 18: 160 - 172." type="book chapter" year="2006">Arredondo Antúnez &amp; Villavicencio Finalet 2006</bibRefCitation>
: tables III).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6D637745FF98083DFF24A7DC5455FCA3" blockId="44.[144,1165,129,1241]" pageId="44" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF98083DFF24A7DC5627FD42" bold="true" box="[192,381,735,761]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="53">
Direct
<superScript id="9AA9DA0DFF98083DFEE9A7E25646FD57" attach="right" box="[269,284,735,749]" fontSize="6" pageId="44" pageNumber="53">14</superScript>
<taxonomicName id="AADC0CC6FF98083DFEF8A7DC5627FD42" box="[284,381,736,761]" class="Aves" family="Caprimulgidae" genus="Caprimulgus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caprimulgiformes" pageId="44" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dating">C dating</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
.—None from
<collectingCountry id="15CB37D5FF98083DFDFBA7DC5504FD43" box="[543,606,737,761]" name="Cuba" pageId="44" pageNumber="53">Cuba</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingCountry id="15CB37D5FF98083DFD8DA7DC558BFD43" box="[617,721,737,761]" name="Bahamas" pageId="44" pageNumber="53">Bahamas</collectingCountry>
, Late Holocene (Sawmill Sink): 2,650 to 2,350 Cal BP (
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF98083DFECEA63C5502FCA3" author="Steadman, D. W. &amp; Franklin, J." box="[298,600,769,793]" pageId="44" pageNumber="53" pagination="426 - 438" refId="ref55535" refString="Steadman, D. W. &amp; Franklin, J. 2015. Changes in a West Indian bird community since the late Pleistocene. J. Biogeogr. 42: 426 - 438." type="journal article" year="2015">Steadman &amp; Franklin 2015</bibRefCitation>
: table 2, femur).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6D637745FF98083DFF24A61C5548FB63" blockId="44.[144,1165,129,1241]" pageId="44" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF98083DFF24A61C5658FC82" bold="true" box="[192,258,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="53">Notes</emphasis>
.—Common in Quaternary deposits in
<collectingCountry id="15CB37D5FF98083DFD22A61C545EFC83" box="[710,772,801,825]" name="Cuba" pageId="44" pageNumber="53">Cuba</collectingCountry>
, from where the species seems to have originated and subsequently colonised the Lucayan Archipelago. Recorded from
<collectingCountry id="15CB37D5FF98083DFF74A65C5796FCC3" box="[144,204,865,889]" name="Cuba" pageId="44" pageNumber="53">Cuba</collectingCountry>
by
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF98083DFF1CA65C553CFCC3" author="Suarez, W. &amp; Arredondo, O." box="[248,614,865,889]" pageId="44" pageNumber="53" pagination="100 - 102" refId="ref56465" refString="Suarez, W. &amp; Arredondo, O. 1997. Nuevas adiciones a la paleornitologia cubana. El Pitirre 10: 100 - 102." type="journal article" year="1997">Suárez &amp; Arredondo (1997: 101)</bibRefCitation>
, with additional material subsequently reported and the species redescribed (
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF98083DFE0DA6BC55AEFC23" author="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L." box="[489,756,897,921]" pageId="44" pageNumber="53" pagination="501 - 508" refId="ref56706" refString="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L. 2001 b. Further characterization of Caracara creightoni Brodkorb based on fossils from the Quaternary of Cuba (Aves: Falconidae). Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 114: 501 - 508." type="journal article" year="2001">Suárez &amp; Olson 2001b</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF98083DFCE1A6BC541FFC23" author="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L." box="[773,837,897,921]" pageId="44" pageNumber="53" pagination="301 - 307" refId="ref56826" refString="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L. 2003 c. A new species of caracara (Milvago) from Quaternary asphalt deposits in Cuba, with notes on new material of Caracara creightoni Brodkorb (Aves: Falconidae). Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 116: 301 - 307." type="journal article" year="2003">2003c</bibRefCitation>
, Suárez 2020a). One record from Dolphin Cave on Grand Cayman,
<collectingCountry id="15CB37D5FF98083DFD88A69C547CFC03" box="[620,806,929,953]" name="Cayman Islands" pageId="44" pageNumber="53">Cayman Islands</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF98083DFCDDA69C5350FC03" author="Morgan, G. S." box="[825,1034,929,953]" pageId="44" pageNumber="53" refId="ref52991" refString="Morgan, G. S. 1994. Late Quaternary fossil vertebrates from the Cayman Islands. Pp. 465 - 508 in Brunt, M. A. &amp; Davies, J. E. (eds.) The Cayman Islands: natural history and biogeography. Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht." type="book" year="1994">Morgan 1994: 480</bibRefCitation>
[
<taxonomicName id="AADC0CC6FF98083DFBC1A69C57ADFC63" baseAuthorityName="Brodkorb" baseAuthorityYear="1959" class="Aves" family="Falconidae" genus="Polyborus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Falconiformes" pageId="44" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="creightoni">
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF98083DFBC1A69C57ADFC63" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="53">Polyborus creightoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
]) is considered erroneous (
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF98083DFDA5A6FC54DAFC63" author="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L." box="[577,896,961,985]" pageId="44" pageNumber="53" pagination="501 - 508" refId="ref56706" refString="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L. 2001 b. Further characterization of Caracara creightoni Brodkorb based on fossils from the Quaternary of Cuba (Aves: Falconidae). Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 114: 501 - 508." type="journal article" year="2001">Suárez &amp; Olson 2001b: 507</bibRefCitation>
, Olson 2008: 265). The main features of Creightons
<taxonomicName id="AADC0CC6FF98083DFE02A6DC5510FC43" box="[486,586,993,1017]" class="Aves" family="Falconidae" genus="Caracara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Falconiformes" pageId="44" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Caracara</taxonomicName>
vs. congenerics is the presence of a massive and differently shaped rostrum (
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF98083DFE04A13C547DFBA3" author="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L." box="[480,807,1025,1049]" pageId="44" pageNumber="53" pagination="501 - 508" refId="ref56706" refString="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L. 2001 b. Further characterization of Caracara creightoni Brodkorb based on fossils from the Quaternary of Cuba (Aves: Falconidae). Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 114: 501 - 508." type="journal article" year="2001">Suárez &amp; Olson 2001b: 502</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF98083DFCDCA13C54FDFBA3" author="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L." box="[824,935,1025,1049]" pageId="44" pageNumber="53" pagination="299 - 310" refId="ref57019" refString="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L. 2014. A new fossil species of small crested caracara (Aves: Falconidae: Caracara) from the Pacific lowlands of western South America. Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 127: 299 - 310." type="journal article" year="2014">2014: 308</bibRefCitation>
, Suárez 2020a: 33).
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF98083DFF74A11C563CFB83" author="Orihuela, J." box="[144,358,1057,1081]" pageId="44" pageNumber="53" pagination="57 - 67" refId="ref54349" refString="Orihuela, J. 2019. An annotated list of Late Quaternary extinct birds of Cuba. Orn. Neotrop. 30: 57 - 67." type="journal article" year="2019">Orihuela (2019: 61)</bibRefCitation>
commented that
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF98083DFDD5A11C5467FB83" author="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L." box="[561,829,1057,1081]" pageId="44" pageNumber="53" pagination="34 - 41" refId="ref56658" refString="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L. 2001 a. A remarkable new species of small falcon from the Quaternary of Cuba (Aves: Falconidae: Falco). Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 114: 34 - 41." type="journal article" year="2001">Suárez &amp; Olson (2001a)</bibRefCitation>
hypothesised a recent arrival to
<collectingCountry id="15CB37D5FF98083DFF4AA17C57B0FBE3" box="[174,234,1089,1113]" name="Cuba" pageId="44" pageNumber="53">Cuba</collectingCountry>
[of
<taxonomicName id="AADC0CC6FF98083DFEFDA17C56FAFBE3" baseAuthorityName="Brodkorb" baseAuthorityYear="1959" box="[281,416,1089,1113]" class="Aves" family="Falconidae" genus="Polyborus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Falconiformes" pageId="44" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="creightoni">
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF98083DFEFDA17C56FAFBE3" box="[281,416,1089,1113]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="53">C. creightoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
], along with
<taxonomicName id="AADC0CC6FF98083DFDDEA17C55C6FBE3" baseAuthorityName="Alvarenga &amp; Olson" baseAuthorityYear="2004" box="[570,668,1089,1113]" class="Aves" family="Cathartidae" genus="Cathartes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="44" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF98083DFDDEA17C55C6FBE3" box="[570,668,1089,1113]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="53">Cathartes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. but this is a misinterpretation (see Suárez 2020a: 35).
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF98083DFEEEA15C56B1FBC3" author="Figueredo, A. E." box="[266,491,1121,1145]" pageId="44" pageNumber="53" pagination="9 - 23" refId="ref49551" refString="Figueredo, A. E. 2011. Patrones de asentamiento y uso del paisaje en el carso antillano por los agroalfareros prehistoricos. Cuba Arqueol. IV (1): 9 - 23." type="journal article" year="2011">Figueredo (2011: 11)</bibRefCitation>
cited the species as ave de rapiña sin vuelo [flightless bird of prey], which is incorrect. For material and distribution of
<taxonomicName id="AADC0CC6FF98083DFCADA1BC5495FB23" baseAuthorityName="Brodkorb" baseAuthorityYear="1959" box="[841,975,1153,1177]" class="Aves" family="Falconidae" genus="Polyborus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Falconiformes" pageId="44" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="creightoni">
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF98083DFCADA1BC5400FB22" box="[841,858,1153,1176]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="53">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF98083DFC8CA1BC5495FB23" box="[872,975,1153,1177]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="53">creightoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingCountry id="15CB37D5FF98083DFC11A1BC53D2FB23" box="[1013,1160,1153,1177]" name="Bahamas" pageId="44" pageNumber="53">the Bahamas</collectingCountry>
, see
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF98083DFF58A19C562CFB03" author="Brodkorb, P." box="[188,374,1185,1209]" pageId="44" pageNumber="53" pagination="349 - 371" refId="ref48589" refString="Brodkorb, P. 1959. Pleistocene birds from New Providence Island, Bahamas. Bull. Fla. State Mus. 4: 349 - 371." type="journal article" year="1959">Brodkorb (1959)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF98083DFE67A19C554FFB03" author="Olson, S. L." box="[387,533,1185,1209]" pageId="44" pageNumber="53" pagination="355 - 366" refId="ref53403" refString="Olson, S. L. 1976. A new species of Milvago from Hispaniola, with notes on other fossil caracaras from the West Indies (Aves: Falconidae). Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 88: 355 - 366." type="journal article" year="1976">Olson (1976)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF98083DFDC6A19C540BFB03" author="Olson, S. L. &amp; Hilgartner, W. B." box="[546,849,1185,1209]" pageId="44" pageNumber="53" refId="ref53860" refString="Olson, S. L. &amp; Hilgartner, W. B. 1982. Fossil and subfossil birds from the Bahamas. Pp. 22 - 56 in Olson, S. L. (ed.) Fossil vertebrates from the Bahamas. Smiths. Contrib. Paleobiol. 48." type="journal volume" year="1982">Olson &amp; Hilgartner (1982)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF98083DFCBAA19C5302FB03" author="Steadman, D. W. &amp; Franz, R. &amp; Morgan, G. S. &amp; Albury, N. A. &amp; Kakuk, B. &amp; Broad, K. &amp; Franz, S. E. &amp; Tinker, K. &amp; Pateman, M. P. &amp; Lott, T. A. &amp; Jarzen, D. M. &amp; Dilcher, D. L." box="[862,1112,1185,1209]" pageId="44" pageNumber="53" pagination="19897 - 19902" refId="ref55855" refString="Steadman, D. W., Franz, R., Morgan, G. S., Albury, N. A., Kakuk, B., Broad, K., Franz, S. E., Tinker, K., Pateman, M. P., Lott, T. A., Jarzen, D. M. &amp; Dilcher, D. L. 2007. Exceptionally well preserved late Quaternary plant and vertebrate fossils from a blue hole on Abaco, the Bahamas. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104: 19897 - 19902." type="journal article" year="2007">
Steadman
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF98083DFC33A19F535EFB03" box="[983,1028,1185,1209]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="53">et al</emphasis>
. (2007)
</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF98083DFF74A1FC569EFB63" author="Steadman, D. W. &amp; Franklin, J." box="[144,452,1217,1241]" pageId="44" pageNumber="53" pagination="426 - 438" refId="ref55535" refString="Steadman, D. W. &amp; Franklin, J. 2015. Changes in a West Indian bird community since the late Pleistocene. J. Biogeogr. 42: 426 - 438." type="journal article" year="2015">Steadman &amp; Franklin (2015</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF98083DFE2BA1FC555CFB63" author="Steadman, D. W. &amp; Franklin, J." box="[463,518,1217,1241]" pageId="44" pageNumber="53" pagination="26833 - 26841" refId="ref55570" refString="Steadman, D. W. &amp; Franklin, J. 2020. Bird populations and species lost to Late Quaternary environmental change and human impact in the Bahamas. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 117: 26833 - 26841." type="journal article" year="2020">2020</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>