treatments-xml/data/74/24/01/74240131FFCB8A6580CCF91FFEE7FAC2.xml

<document id="7826274B08DBAA52188030463EAD915C" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.181003" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c6d41d6c-f63f-4d01-bac6-c2b477ce2740" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="181003" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459825636130" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Amorim, Dalton De Souza &amp; Clarke, Arthur K" docDate="2008" docId="74240131FFCB8A6580CCF91FFEE7FAC2" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01716p068.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1716" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Chetoneura shennonggongensis Amorim &amp; Niu, sp.n." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="66" masterDocId="881D7949FFCA8A62805BFFC2FF83FFF8" masterDocTitle="Chetoneura shennonggongensis, a new species of cave – dwelling Keroplatini from China (Diptera: Keroplatidae), with a discussion of the position of Chetoneura" masterLastPageNumber="68" masterPageNumber="59" pageNumber="60" updateTime="1698222173484" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="FEF8543EDA7A267A678B0F09F283C139">Chetoneura shennonggongensis, a new species of cave – dwelling Keroplatini from China (Diptera: Keroplatidae), with a discussion of the position of Chetoneura</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F1F51375545A60BFE30BEEAE3597253F">Amorim, Dalton De Souza</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5F661C6F90D64284D95D3BD63902CCFF">Clarke, Arthur K</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="0D062E93E9BDB3E43FF342179B4EF6F7">2008</mods:date>
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<treatment id="74240131FFCB8A6580CCF91FFEE7FAC2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6232638" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119356636" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6232638" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:74240131FFCB8A6580CCF91FFEE7FAC2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/74240131FFCB8A6580CCF91FFEE7FAC2" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">
<subSubSection id="B497E3ACFFCB8A6380CCF91FFCB0F90F" box="[151,819,1757,1783]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="FC32B027FFCB8A6380CCF91FFCB0F90F" blockId="1.[151,819,1757,1783]" box="[151,819,1757,1783]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">
<heading id="A77A074BFFCB8A6380CCF91FFCB0F90F" bold="true" box="[151,819,1757,1783]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" reason="1">
<emphasis id="CEF96C35FFCB8A6380CCF91FFCB0F90F" bold="true" box="[151,819,1757,1783]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">
<taxonomicName id="3B8DCBA4FFCB8A6380CCF91FFD68F90F" ID-CoL="TYJL" authority="Amorim &amp; Niu" authorityName="Amorim &amp; Niu" box="[151,747,1757,1783]" class="Insecta" family="Keroplatidae" genus="Chetoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shennonggongensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CEF96C35FFCB8A6380CCF91FFD9FF90F" bold="true" box="[151,540,1757,1783]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">Chetoneura shennonggongensis</emphasis>
, Amorim &amp; Niu
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D5CAD14EFFCB8A6382A3F91FFCB0F90F" box="[760,819,1757,1783]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" rank="species">sp.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B497E3ACFFCB8A6380CCF8EAFABEF8BA" box="[151,1341,1832,1858]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="FC32B027FFCB8A6380CCF8EAFABEF8BA" blockId="1.[151,1436,1832,2018]" box="[151,1341,1832,1858]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="CEF96C35FFCB8A6380CCF8EAFE93F8BA" bold="true" box="[151,272,1832,1858]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. Long fusion of M1 to Rs. Male gonostyle only with setae distally, tergite 9 wide anteriorly.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B497E3ACFFCB8A60809DF892FB83FF22" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="FC32B027FFCB8A60809DF892FB83FF22" blockId="1.[151,1436,1832,2018]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1436,152,498]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="CEF96C35FFCB8A63809DF892FE37F892" bold="true" box="[198,436,1872,1898]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">Material examined</emphasis>
. 
<typeStatus id="23360E85FFCB8A63819FF892FDB2F892" box="[452,561,1872,1898]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
male, limestone cave: Shennong Gong, near Pan Ling village, Huangtian Mountain, northeast Jiangxi (Province), Wannian Xian (County), East 
<collectingCountry id="849AF0B7FFCB8A6383BAF8BAFBC1F86A" box="[993,1090,1912,1938]" name="China" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">CHINA</collectingCountry>
. GPS co–ordinates: 
<geoCoordinate id="99B9D6E0FFCB8A63856EF8BAFE83F842" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" precision="1" value="117.25019">117° 15’ 00.69&quot; E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="99B9D6E0FFCB8A638150F862FE56F842" box="[267,469,1952,1978]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" precision="1" value="28.712547">28° 42’ 45.17&quot; N</geoCoordinate>
; elevation, approximately 
<specimenCount id="EA8B7BAEFFCB8A638351F862FCD8F842" box="[778,859,1952,1978]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" type="generic">
<quantity id="3B751DC2FFCB8A638351F862FCD4F842" box="[778,855,1952,1978]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" unit="m" value="370.0">370 m</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
Larvae reared in laboratory by Xuezhen Li; adult (
<typeStatus id="23360E85FFCB8A6380C4F80AFE8AF81A" box="[159,265,1992,2018]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
) male emerged 
<date id="883396E7FFCB8A638196F80AFDF6F81A" box="[461,629,1992,2018]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" value="2006-07-20">July 20, 2006</date>
. 
<typeStatus id="23360E85FFCB8A6382DFF80AFD7AF81A" box="[644,761,1992,2018]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
, same data: 
<specimenCount id="EA8B7BAEFFCB8A6383CAF80AFC6DF81A" box="[913,1006,1992,2018]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
(emerged 
<date id="883396E7FFCB8A63842AF80AFA92F81A" box="[1137,1297,1992,2018]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" value="2006-06-06">June 6, 2006</date>
), 
<specimenCount id="EA8B7BAEFFCB8A638573F80AFA1FF81A" box="[1320,1436,1992,2018]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
(emerged 
<date id="883396E7FFC88A608149FF5AFDB7FF4A" box="[274,564,152,178]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" value="2006-08-01" valueMax="2006-08-23" valueMin="2006-08-01">August 1 and 23, 2006</date>
) and 
<specimenCount id="EA8B7BAEFFC88A6082DAFF5AFD66FF4A" box="[641,741,152,178]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" type="larva">4 larvae</specimenCount>
(fixed in 70% alcohol on 
<date id="883396E7FFC88A608462FF5AFB5DFF4A" box="[1081,1246,152,178]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" value="2006-06-06">June 6, 2006</date>
). 
<typeStatus id="23360E85FFC88A6084A3FF5AFAE6FF4A" box="[1272,1381,152,178]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
and 
<typeStatus id="23360E85FFC88A6080CCFF02FE84FF22" box="[151,263,192,218]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, 
<collectingCountry id="849AF0B7FFC88A6083EAFF02FC7EFF22" box="[945,1021,192,218]" name="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">Brazil</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B497E3ACFFC88A64809DFF25FD7CFDE2" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" type="description">
<paragraph id="FC32B027FFC88A60809DFF25FEDCFEF9" blockId="2.[151,1436,152,498]" box="[198,351,231,257]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="CEF96C35FFC88A60809DFF25FEDCFEF9" bold="true" box="[198,351,231,257]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">Description.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC32B027FFC88A60809DFECDFCE3FE0A" blockId="2.[151,1436,152,498]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="CEF96C35FFC88A60809DFECDFE85FED1" bold="true" box="[198,262,271,297]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">Male</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="CEF96C35FFC88A608146FECDFEE3FED1" bold="true" box="[285,352,271,297]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">Head</emphasis>
. Antenna brown, placed on a short protuberance (
<figureCitation id="64B6ACA2FFC88A6083ABFED2FBEAFED2" box="[1008,1129,272,298]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 4" captionStartId="2.[151,269,1661,1685]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,540,1640]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 4. Chetoneura shennonggongensis, sp. n. 1. Head, with reduced mouthparts and palpus. 2. Base of antenna, with scape, pedicel, and elongated first flagellomere. 3. Laterally compressed flagellomeres. 4. Lateral view of thorax, with weakly sclerotized mediotergite with setae ventrally. Abbreviations: anep, anepisternum; epm III, metepimeron; eps III, metepisternum; flag, flagellomere; ktep, katepisternum; lab, labella; lat, laterotergite; mxp, maxillary palpus; ped, pedicel; sca, scape; sctl, scutellum. (Photos by D. S. Amorim)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181004/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">Figs. 1–3</figureCitation>
); 14 flagellomeres, first flagellomere about twice the second, flagellum fairly compressed, with microtrichia, small setae and scattered sensilla laterally and ventrally, longer setae dorsally; scape and pedicel shorter than flagellomeres. Two ocelli, medially on the vertex. Eyes normally developed, with ommatidia hairs. Frons and clypeus brown, setose, clypeus projected. Palpus reduced to single small palpifer and a rounded distal segment with a few setae. Occiput dark brown, yellow brown close to the eyes (
<figureCitation id="64B6ACA2FFC88A608351FE1AFCD1FE0A" box="[778,850,472,498]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 4" captionStartId="2.[151,269,1661,1685]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,540,1640]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 4. Chetoneura shennonggongensis, sp. n. 1. Head, with reduced mouthparts and palpus. 2. Base of antenna, with scape, pedicel, and elongated first flagellomere. 3. Laterally compressed flagellomeres. 4. Lateral view of thorax, with weakly sclerotized mediotergite with setae ventrally. Abbreviations: anep, anepisternum; epm III, metepimeron; eps III, metepisternum; flag, flagellomere; ktep, katepisternum; lab, labella; lat, laterotergite; mxp, maxillary palpus; ped, pedicel; sca, scape; sctl, scutellum. (Photos by D. S. Amorim)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181004/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="A8F2E0AFFFC88A6080CCF9BFFCAFF8EC" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181004/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" targetBox="[152,1435,540,1640]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="FC32B027FFC88A6080CCF9BFFCAFF8EC" blockId="2.[151,1436,1661,1812]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="CEF96C35FFC88A6080CCF9BFFEC1F96D" bold="true" box="[151,322,1661,1685]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">FIGURES 1–4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="3B8DCBA4FFC88A608112F9BCFD1DF96D" box="[329,670,1662,1685]" class="Insecta" family="Keroplatidae" genus="Chetoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shennonggongensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CEF96C35FFC88A608112F9BCFD1DF96D" box="[329,670,1662,1685]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">Chetoneura shennonggongensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D5CAD14EFFC88A6082F1F9BFFD5EF96C" box="[682,733,1661,1684]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" rank="species">sp.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
1. Head, with reduced mouthparts and palpus. 2. Base of antenna, with scape, pedicel, and elongated first flagellomere. 3. Laterally compressed flagellomeres. 4. Lateral view of thorax, with weakly sclerotized mediotergite with setae ventrally. Abbreviations: anep, anepisternum; epm III, metepimeron; eps III, metepisternum; flag, flagellomere; ktep, katepisternum; lab, labella; lat, laterotergite; mxp, maxillary palpus; ped, pedicel; sca, scape; sctl, scutellum. (Photos by D.S. Amorim).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="FC32B027FFC88A61809DF8A0FF5AFEDA" blockId="2.[151,1436,1890,2029]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1436,152,626]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="62" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="CEF96C35FFC88A60809DF8A0FEA0F884" bold="true" box="[198,291,1890,1916]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">Thorax</emphasis>
. Scutum brown, lighter at the borders, scutellum dark brown; scutum strongly arched posteriorly, uniformly setose (
<figureCitation id="64B6ACA2FFC88A608121F84AFE48F85A" box="[378,459,1928,1954]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 4" captionStartId="2.[151,269,1661,1685]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,540,1640]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 4. Chetoneura shennonggongensis, sp. n. 1. Head, with reduced mouthparts and palpus. 2. Base of antenna, with scape, pedicel, and elongated first flagellomere. 3. Laterally compressed flagellomeres. 4. Lateral view of thorax, with weakly sclerotized mediotergite with setae ventrally. Abbreviations: anep, anepisternum; epm III, metepimeron; eps III, metepisternum; flag, flagellomere; ktep, katepisternum; lab, labella; lat, laterotergite; mxp, maxillary palpus; ped, pedicel; sca, scape; sctl, scutellum. (Photos by D. S. Amorim)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181004/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). Proepisternum and proepimeron brown, anepisternum brown, katepisternum, mesepimeron, and metepisternum light brown; laterotergite and mediotergite whitish, weakly sclerotized Anepisternum with about nine setae dorsally, laterotergite, katepisternum, and mesepimeron bare; no postspiracular setae; laterotergito and mediotergite rather weakly sclerotized, mediotergite with a group of about 20 setae medially, the triangular subscutellar membranous area well developed (
<figureCitation id="64B6ACA2FFC98A618441FF7FFBE2FF2F" box="[1050,1121,189,215]" captionStart="FIGURES 5 – 7" captionStartId="3.[151,269,1780,1804]" captionText="FIGURES 5 – 7. Chetoneura shennonggongensis, sp. n. 5. Dorsal view of posterior part of thorax. 6. Hind leg toothed tarsal claw. 7. Wing. (Photos by D. S. Amorim)." pageId="3" pageNumber="62">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
). Haltere with brown knob and yellow–brown pedicel, with a row of setae beginning from the base of the pedicel, quite abundant at the knob.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC32B027FFC98A61809DFEEFFCBEFE4F" blockId="3.[151,1436,152,626]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="CEF96C35FFC98A61809DFEEFFE82FEBF" bold="true" box="[198,257,301,327]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">Legs</emphasis>
. Legs elongate, brown, setae arranged in regular rows along tibiae and tarsi. All tibiae with a single apical spur, front spur very short, mid spur three times tibia width, hind spur more four times tibia width. Apex of hind tibia with a regular row of longer setae along distal margin. Tibiae and tarsi with setae arranged in regular rows. Tarsal claw with three basal teeth (
<figureCitation id="64B6ACA2FFC98A6182B5FE5FFCB0FE4F" box="[750,819,413,439]" captionStart="FIGURES 5 – 7" captionStartId="3.[151,269,1780,1804]" captionText="FIGURES 5 – 7. Chetoneura shennonggongensis, sp. n. 5. Dorsal view of posterior part of thorax. 6. Hind leg toothed tarsal claw. 7. Wing. (Photos by D. S. Amorim)." pageId="3" pageNumber="62">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC32B027FFC98A61809DFE00FB07FD8A" blockId="3.[151,1436,152,626]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="CEF96C35FFC98A61809DFE00FE89FE24" bold="true" box="[198,266,450,476]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">Wing</emphasis>
. Wing membrane smoky brown, veins darker (
<figureCitation id="64B6ACA2FFC98A61836EFE00FCFDFE24" box="[821,894,450,476]" captionStart="FIGURES 5 – 7" captionStartId="3.[151,269,1780,1804]" captionText="FIGURES 5 – 7. Chetoneura shennonggongensis, sp. n. 5. Dorsal view of posterior part of thorax. 6. Hind leg toothed tarsal claw. 7. Wing. (Photos by D. S. Amorim)." pageId="3" pageNumber="62">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
). C extending to just beyond R5. Sc complete, reaching C beyond origin of Rs. Rs originating basally; R4 absent; R5 reaching C before wing apex; R1 long, reaching C beyond medial fork. Medial fork long, more than twice the free length of M1+2, M2 ending slightly before wing margin; no bM fold; A1 sclerotized, incomplete. Microtrichia densely covering wing membrane; macrotrichia present on R1, R5, and at base of CuA, absent on medial veins and on A1.
</paragraph>
<caption id="A8F2E0AFFFC98A6180CCF936FDF6F8D3" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">
<paragraph id="FC32B027FFC98A6180CCF936FDF6F8D3" blockId="3.[151,1436,1780,1835]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="CEF96C35FFC98A6180CCF936FEC1F8F4" bold="true" box="[151,322,1780,1804]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">FIGURES 5–7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="3B8DCBA4FFC98A618113F937FD1DF8F4" box="[328,670,1781,1804]" class="Insecta" family="Keroplatidae" genus="Chetoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shennonggongensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CEF96C35FFC98A618113F937FD1DF8F4" box="[328,670,1781,1804]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">Chetoneura shennonggongensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D5CAD14EFFC98A6182F0F936FD5EF8F3" box="[683,733,1780,1803]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" rank="species">sp.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
5. Dorsal view of posterior part of thorax. 6. Hind leg toothed tarsal claw. 7. Wing. (Photos by D.S. Amorim).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="A8F2E0AFFFC98A6180CCF89EFEFCF80B" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181005/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" targetBox="[172,1411,663,1734]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="FC32B027FFC98A6180CCF89EFEFCF80B" blockId="3.[151,1436,1884,2035]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="CEF96C35FFC98A6180CCF89EFECCF88C" bold="true" box="[151,335,1884,1908]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">FIGURES 8–13.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="3B8DCBA4FFC98A61810EF89FFD29F88C" box="[341,682,1885,1908]" class="Insecta" family="Keroplatidae" genus="Chetoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shennonggongensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CEF96C35FFC98A61810EF89FFD29F88C" box="[341,682,1885,1908]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">Chetoneura shennonggongensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D5CAD14EFFC98A6182ECF89EFD69F88B" box="[695,746,1884,1907]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" rank="species">sp.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
8. Base of abdomen, with elongated segment 2. 9. Male terminalia, ventral view. 10. Gonostyle, ventral view. 11. Female terminalia, ventral view. 12. Female terminalia dorsal view. 13. Female terminalia, dorsal view. Abbreviations: abd seg, abdominal segment; ae, aedeagus; ce gc, gonocoxite; ga VIII, gonapophysis of sternite 8; gs, gonostyle; S8, segment 8; S9, sternite 9; S10, sternite 10; T8, tergite 8, T9, tergite 9. (Photos by D.S. Amorim).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="FC32B027FFCF8A67809DFF55FEF6FF22" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,658]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="CEF96C35FFCF8A67809DFF55FEC3FF49" bold="true" box="[198,320,151,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Abdomen</emphasis>
. Tergites brown, sternites lighter. Terminalia brown. Segments 2 and 3 about twice length of segment 1 (
<figureCitation id="64B6ACA2FFCF8A678144FF02FEE6FF22" box="[287,357,192,218]" captionStart="FIGURES 8 – 13" captionStartId="3.[151,269,1884,1908]" captionTargetBox="[172,1411,663,1734]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[777,1382,661,1265]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 8 – 13. Chetoneura shennonggongensis, sp. n. 8. Base of abdomen, with elongated segment 2. 9. Male terminalia, ventral view. 10. Gonostyle, ventral view. 11. Female terminalia, ventral view. 12. Female terminalia dorsal view. 13. Female terminalia, dorsal view. Abbreviations: abd seg, abdominal segment; ae, aedeagus; ce gc, gonocoxite; ga VIII, gonapophysis of sternite 8; gs, gonostyle; S 8, segment 8; S 9, sternite 9; S 10, sternite 10; T 8, tergite 8, T 9, tergite 9. (Photos by D. S. Amorim)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181005/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC32B027FFCF8A67809DFF25FDA9FE5A" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,658]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="CEF96C35FFCF8A67809DFF25FECEFEF9" bold="true" box="[198,333,231,257]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Terminalia</emphasis>
. Male terminalia elongated anteriorly (
<figureCitation id="64B6ACA2FFCF8A678360FF2AFC05FEFA" box="[827,902,232,258]" captionStart="FIGURES 8 – 13" captionStartId="3.[151,269,1884,1908]" captionTargetBox="[172,1411,663,1734]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[777,1382,661,1265]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 8 – 13. Chetoneura shennonggongensis, sp. n. 8. Base of abdomen, with elongated segment 2. 9. Male terminalia, ventral view. 10. Gonostyle, ventral view. 11. Female terminalia, ventral view. 12. Female terminalia dorsal view. 13. Female terminalia, dorsal view. Abbreviations: abd seg, abdominal segment; ae, aedeagus; ce gc, gonocoxite; ga VIII, gonapophysis of sternite 8; gs, gonostyle; S 8, segment 8; S 9, sternite 9; S 10, sternite 10; T 8, tergite 8, T 9, tergite 9. (Photos by D. S. Amorim)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181005/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
). Gonocoxites mesally fused at the anterior margin, with scattered setae laterally and densely pilose internally, gonostyles inserted apically; no mesal projection of syngonocoxite (“ 
<emphasis id="CEF96C35FFCF8A67818EFEFAFDE2FEA9" box="[469,609,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">intercoxalia</emphasis>
”). Gonostyle enlarged apically, densely covered with setae distally, no spines present (
<figureCitation id="64B6ACA2FFCF8A67810AFEA2FE2FFE82" box="[337,428,352,378]" captionStart="FIGURES 8 – 13" captionStartId="3.[151,269,1884,1908]" captionTargetBox="[172,1411,663,1734]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[777,1382,661,1265]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 8 – 13. Chetoneura shennonggongensis, sp. n. 8. Base of abdomen, with elongated segment 2. 9. Male terminalia, ventral view. 10. Gonostyle, ventral view. 11. Female terminalia, ventral view. 12. Female terminalia dorsal view. 13. Female terminalia, dorsal view. Abbreviations: abd seg, abdominal segment; ae, aedeagus; ce gc, gonocoxite; ga VIII, gonapophysis of sternite 8; gs, gonostyle; S 8, segment 8; S 9, sternite 9; S 10, sternite 10; T 8, tergite 8, T 9, tergite 9. (Photos by D. S. Amorim)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181005/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
). Aedeagus elongated, anterior corners short, projected basally. Tergite 9 triangular, wide at base, slender toward apex.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC32B027FFCF8A67809DFE6DFEF1FD6A" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,658]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="CEF96C35FFCF8A67809DFE6DFEA2FE31" bold="true" box="[198,289,431,457]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Female</emphasis>
. As male in most features. Terminalia with S8 as a pair of largely developed gonapophyses, reaching more distally than the cerci and almost as wide as segment 7, involving the reduced, remaining of the terminalia. T8 nearly absent, visible only as a small plate around a single mesal setae anteriorly to T9. T9 present as a pair of more or less separated lobes with some few setae. T10 apparently absent, cerci unisegmented, postgenital plate (S10) elongated beyond distal end of cerci, ventrally to the anal membrane, with setae (
<figureCitation id="64B6ACA2FFCF8A6780BAFDBAFEE6FD6A" box="[225,357,632,658]" captionStart="FIGURES 8 – 13" captionStartId="3.[151,269,1884,1908]" captionTargetBox="[172,1411,663,1734]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[777,1382,661,1265]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 8 – 13. Chetoneura shennonggongensis, sp. n. 8. Base of abdomen, with elongated segment 2. 9. Male terminalia, ventral view. 10. Gonostyle, ventral view. 11. Female terminalia, ventral view. 12. Female terminalia dorsal view. 13. Female terminalia, dorsal view. Abbreviations: abd seg, abdominal segment; ae, aedeagus; ce gc, gonocoxite; ga VIII, gonapophysis of sternite 8; gs, gonostyle; S 8, segment 8; S 9, sternite 9; S 10, sternite 10; T 8, tergite 8, T 9, tergite 9. (Photos by D. S. Amorim)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181005/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Fig. 11–13</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="A8F2E0AFFFCF8A6780CCF901FB2AF8BB" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181006/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" targetBox="[171,1402,719,1682]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="FC32B027FFCF8A6780CCF901FB2AF8BB" blockId="5.[151,1436,1731,1859]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="CEF96C35FFCF8A6780CCF901FEDFF923" bold="true" box="[151,348,1731,1755]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">FIGURES 14–17.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="3B8DCBA4FFCF8A678138F906FD3BF923" box="[355,696,1732,1755]" class="Insecta" family="Keroplatidae" genus="Chetoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shennonggongensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CEF96C35FFCF8A678138F906FD3BF923" box="[355,696,1732,1755]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Chetoneura shennonggongensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D5CAD14EFFCF8A67829FF906FD7EF923" box="[708,765,1732,1755]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, 14. Larva habitus. 15. Posterior end of larva. 16. Head capsule of larva, dorsal view. 17. Head capsule of larva, ventral view. Abbreviations: ant, antenna; car, cardo; clyp scl, clypeal sclerite; cor ar, coronal area; for mag, 
<emphasis id="CEF96C35FFCF8A67821BF8C8FD7DF8D9" box="[576,766,1802,1825]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">foramen magnum</emphasis>
; fr cr, frontal crest; fr scl, frontal sclerite; gen, gena; lbr scl, labral sclerite; mand, mandible; max, maxilla; pr scl, prelabial sclerite. (Photos by D.S. Amorim).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="FC32B027FFCF8A64809DF85BFD7CFDE2" blockId="5.[151,1436,1945,2012]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,152,538]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="CEF96C35FFCF8A67809DF85BFE91F84B" bold="true" box="[198,274,1945,1971]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Larva</emphasis>
. In general terms similar to other 
<taxonomicName id="3B8DCBA4FFCF8A6782FCF858FCBDF84C" box="[679,830,1946,1972]" class="Insecta" family="Keroplatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Keroplatinae">Keroplatinae</taxonomicName>
larvae. General color dark yellowish, head capsule brown (
<figureCitation id="64B6ACA2FFCF8A6780A9F800FECAF824" box="[242,329,1986,2012]" captionStart="FIGURES 8 – 13" captionStartId="3.[151,269,1884,1908]" captionTargetBox="[172,1411,663,1734]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[777,1382,661,1265]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 8 – 13. Chetoneura shennonggongensis, sp. n. 8. Base of abdomen, with elongated segment 2. 9. Male terminalia, ventral view. 10. Gonostyle, ventral view. 11. Female terminalia, ventral view. 12. Female terminalia dorsal view. 13. Female terminalia, dorsal view. Abbreviations: abd seg, abdominal segment; ae, aedeagus; ce gc, gonocoxite; ga VIII, gonapophysis of sternite 8; gs, gonostyle; S 8, segment 8; S 9, sternite 9; S 10, sternite 10; T 8, tergite 8, T 9, tergite 9. (Photos by D. S. Amorim)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181005/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
). No distinctive modification of the body cuticle, except for ventral pairs of transverse lines of modified texture of the integument (
<figureCitation id="64B6ACA2FFCC8A64821AFF5AFD1BFF4A" box="[577,664,152,178]" captionStart="FIGURES 8 – 13" captionStartId="3.[151,269,1884,1908]" captionTargetBox="[172,1411,663,1734]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[777,1382,661,1265]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 8 – 13. Chetoneura shennonggongensis, sp. n. 8. Base of abdomen, with elongated segment 2. 9. Male terminalia, ventral view. 10. Gonostyle, ventral view. 11. Female terminalia, ventral view. 12. Female terminalia dorsal view. 13. Female terminalia, dorsal view. Abbreviations: abd seg, abdominal segment; ae, aedeagus; ce gc, gonocoxite; ga VIII, gonapophysis of sternite 8; gs, gonostyle; S 8, segment 8; S 9, sternite 9; S 10, sternite 10; T 8, tergite 8, T 9, tergite 9. (Photos by D. S. Amorim)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181005/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
). Cephalic capsule with well developed gena, frontal area unsclerotized posteriorly, not as large as in other genera (
<figureCitation id="64B6ACA2FFCC8A6482BDFF02FCBDFF22" box="[742,830,192,218]" captionStart="FIGURES 14 – 17" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[171,1402,719,1682]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[162,895,798,1206]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 14 – 17. Chetoneura shennonggongensis, sp. n., 14. Larva habitus. 15. Posterior end of larva. 16. Head capsule of larva, dorsal view. 17. Head capsule of larva, ventral view. Abbreviations: ant, antenna; car, cardo; clyp scl, clypeal sclerite; cor ar, coronal area; for mag, foramen magnum; fr cr, frontal crest; fr scl, frontal sclerite; gen, gena; lbr scl, labral sclerite; mand, mandible; max, maxilla; pr scl, prelabial sclerite. (Photos by D. S. Amorim)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181006/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
). Eye ventral to the antenna. Coronal area considerably developed, sagittal crest of frons evident, ventral part of 
<emphasis id="CEF96C35FFCC8A6483D8FF2AFBD0FEF9" box="[899,1107,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">foramen magnum</emphasis>
longer than wide. Antenna placed more dorsally, considerably wide, flattened as in other members of the family, with an anterior pointed projection. Mandible well developed, with five stronger apical teeth; three sensorial depressions present as typically in other members of the family. Maxilla elongated, rather parallel distally, with eight teeth at the inner border, palpifer weakly sclerotized, wider distally than basally. Cardo slender, transverse, with two pairs of setae laterally (
<figureCitation id="64B6ACA2FFCC8A648130FE72FE41FE32" box="[363,450,432,458]" captionStart="FIGURES 14 – 17" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[171,1402,719,1682]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[162,895,798,1206]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 14 – 17. Chetoneura shennonggongensis, sp. n., 14. Larva habitus. 15. Posterior end of larva. 16. Head capsule of larva, dorsal view. 17. Head capsule of larva, ventral view. Abbreviations: ant, antenna; car, cardo; clyp scl, clypeal sclerite; cor ar, coronal area; for mag, foramen magnum; fr cr, frontal crest; fr scl, frontal sclerite; gen, gena; lbr scl, labral sclerite; mand, mandible; max, maxilla; pr scl, prelabial sclerite. (Photos by D. S. Amorim)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181006/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
). Prelabial sclerite V–shaped, as in other genera. Thoracic segments short, abdominal segments long, except first and last (
<figureCitation id="64B6ACA2FFCC8A648237FE1AFD47FE0A" box="[620,708,472,498]" captionStart="FIGURES 14 – 17" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[171,1402,719,1682]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[162,895,798,1206]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 14 – 17. Chetoneura shennonggongensis, sp. n., 14. Larva habitus. 15. Posterior end of larva. 16. Head capsule of larva, dorsal view. 17. Head capsule of larva, ventral view. Abbreviations: ant, antenna; car, cardo; clyp scl, clypeal sclerite; cor ar, coronal area; for mag, foramen magnum; fr cr, frontal crest; fr scl, frontal sclerite; gen, gena; lbr scl, labral sclerite; mand, mandible; max, maxilla; pr scl, prelabial sclerite. (Photos by D. S. Amorim)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181006/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
). Secondary annulation on abdominal segments. Posterior end with a pair of lobose triangular projections (
<figureCitation id="64B6ACA2FFCC8A6482C1FDC2FD72FDE2" box="[666,753,512,538]" captionStart="FIGURES 14 – 17" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[171,1402,719,1682]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[162,895,798,1206]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 14 – 17. Chetoneura shennonggongensis, sp. n., 14. Larva habitus. 15. Posterior end of larva. 16. Head capsule of larva, dorsal view. 17. Head capsule of larva, ventral view. Abbreviations: ant, antenna; car, cardo; clyp scl, clypeal sclerite; cor ar, coronal area; for mag, foramen magnum; fr cr, frontal crest; fr scl, frontal sclerite; gen, gena; lbr scl, labral sclerite; mand, mandible; max, maxilla; pr scl, prelabial sclerite. (Photos by D. S. Amorim)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181006/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="A8F2E0AFFFCC8A6480CCFB61FB2FFB24" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181007/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" targetBox="[150,1434,587,1157]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="FC32B027FFCC8A6480CCFB61FB2FFB24" blockId="6.[151,1435,1187,1244]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="CEF96C35FFCC8A6480CCFB61FEDDFB43" bold="true" box="[151,350,1187,1211]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">FIGURES 18–19.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="3B8DCBA4FFCC8A64813EFB61FD3FFB42" box="[357,700,1187,1210]" class="Insecta" family="Keroplatidae" genus="Chetoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shennonggongensis" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="CEF96C35FFCC8A64813EFB61FD3FFB42" box="[357,700,1187,1210]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">Chetoneura shennonggongensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D5CAD14EFFCC8A648292FB61FC8EFB42" box="[713,781,1187,1210]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" rank="genus">gen.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, sp.n. 18. Detail of maxilla of the larva. 19. Detail of mandible of the larva. Abbreviations: mx p, maxillary palpus; ppf, palpifere. (Photos by D.S. Amorim).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="A8F2E0AFFFCC8A6480CCF856FDA7F82B" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181008/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" targetBox="[405,1186,1339,1923]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="FC32B027FFCC8A6480CCF856FDA7F82B" blockId="6.[151,1436,1940,2003]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="CEF96C35FFCC8A6480CCF856FEA9F854" bold="true" box="[151,298,1940,1964]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">FIGURE 20.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="3B8DCBA4FFCC8A648168F857FD0FF854" box="[307,652,1941,1964]" class="Insecta" family="Keroplatidae" genus="Chetoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shennonggongensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CEF96C35FFCC8A648168F857FD0FF854" box="[307,652,1941,1964]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">Chetoneura shennonggongensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D5CAD14EFFCC8A6482C7F856FD4CF853" box="[668,719,1940,1963]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" rank="species">sp.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Live larva with suspended threads in Shennong Gong (photo by Arthur Clarke, 8th November, 2006).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="B497E3ACFFCD8A65809DFF55FDAFFB12" pageId="7" pageNumber="66" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="FC32B027FFCD8A65809DFF55FC41FE0A" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1338]" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="CEF96C35FFCD8A65809DFF55FEA9FF49" bold="true" box="[198,298,151,177]" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">Biology.</emphasis>
The larvae of the Chinese 
<taxonomicName id="3B8DCBA4FFCD8A65822AFF5AFD75FF4A" box="[625,758,152,178]" class="Insecta" family="Keroplatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Keroplatini">Keroplatini</taxonomicName>
species described here were first found in the Shennong Gong caves by Xuezhen Li and Changying Niu (Huazhong Agricultural University, 
<collectingCountry id="849AF0B7FFCD8A658420FF02FB40FF22" box="[1147,1219,192,218]" name="China" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">China</collectingCountry>
) in late 
<date id="883396E7FFCD8A65857FFF02FF56FEFA" pageId="7" pageNumber="66" value="2005-12">December 2005</date>
. This discovery in Shennong Gong followed earlier reports by Arthur Clarke (University of Tasmania, 
<collectingCountry id="849AF0B7FFCD8A6580CCFED2FE87FED2" box="[151,260,272,298]" name="Australia" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">Australia</collectingCountry>
) from 
<date id="883396E7FFCD8A658108FED2FE74FED2" box="[339,503,272,298]" pageId="7" pageNumber="66" value="2000-10">October 2000</date>
, with observations and collections of non-glowing keroplatid larvae from caves in several other provinces of 
<collectingCountry id="849AF0B7FFCD8A6581A3FEFAFDC2FEAA" box="[504,577,312,338]" name="China" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">China</collectingCountry>
, including northwest Guangxi, northwest Zhejiang and eastern Yunnan, (
<bibRefCitation id="981CCDD6FFCD8A6580C4FEA2FEB6FE82" author="Clarke" box="[159,309,352,378]" pageId="7" pageNumber="68" refString="Clarke, A. (2000) International Show Caves Association symposium, Yaolin, China; 20 - 24, October 2000. ACKMA Journal # 41 (December 2000), 9 - 17." type="journal article" year="2000">Clarke 2000</bibRefCitation>
, 
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, 
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, 
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, 
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, 
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, 
<bibRefCitation id="981CCDD6FFCD8A658235FEA2FDFEFE82" author="Clarke" box="[622,637,352,378]" pageId="7" pageNumber="68" refString="Clarke, A. (2004 b) Appendix 1 - Biology report and Species List Summary. In: Campion, G. [Ed.], The Hidden River Expedition 2002 - China Caves Project, pp. 74 - 79." type="book chapter" year="2004" yearSuffix="b">b</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="981CCDD6FFCD8A6582D1FEA2FD55FE82" author="Clarke" box="[650,726,352,378]" pageId="7" pageNumber="68" refString="Clarke, A. K. (2006 a) Cave fauna in southern China. In Deal, D. [Ed.], Field Guide to karst of southwest China, pp. 1 - 17." type="book chapter" year="2006" yearSuffix="a">2006a</bibRefCitation>
), plus the more recent observations and collections in caves of the elevated plateau karst region of Lichuan County, in western Hubei Province. They were later collected in Shennong Gong in early 
<date id="883396E7FFCD8A6581B7FE72FD32FE32" box="[492,689,432,458]" pageId="7" pageNumber="66" value="2006-11">November 2006</date>
, when an abundant population of the larvae was located in a streamway chamber, quite close to an entrance (the tourist cave exit).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC32B027FFCD8A65809DFDC2FF65FC7A" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1338]" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">
Shennong Gong is a stream cave, with a surveyed length of approximately five kilometers from the insurgence (stream entry) point near Pan Ling village to its known downstream resurgence; the first 
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of the cave has been recently developed as a tourist show cave. Beyond the main zigzag passage (tourist section), the underground stream extends several kilometers into the cave, creating a relatively constant year round temperature (18±2OC) and high humidity (98±2% rH) environment. The 
<taxonomicName id="3B8DCBA4FFCD8A6583B3FD62FBEEFD42" box="[1000,1133,672,698]" class="Insecta" family="Keroplatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Keroplatini">Keroplatini</taxonomicName>
larvae are mainly distributed within a distance of up to 
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from the entrance of the cave, where there is good ventilation and moist air flow following the course of inflowing stream water. The larvae are suspended from the moist roof of the cave above or adjacent to the streamway. Their numerous, long sticky silken ensnare threads coated with mucous droplets to enhance the capture of prey, chiefly flying insects, including the adult forms of the larvae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC32B027FFCD8A65809DFC52FDAFFB12" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1338]" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">
The species does not show any troglobiontic modifications. The colonies of larvae are found in the cave throughout the year. Similarly to what is seen in other 
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species, e.g., the Tasmanian glow–worms (
<bibRefCitation id="981CCDD6FFCD8A6580C4FC22FED2FC02" author="Ferguson" box="[159,337,992,1018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="68" refString="Ferguson, E. W. (1925) Description of a new species of Mycetophilidae (Diptera) with luminous larvae. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 50, 487 - 488." type="journal article" year="1925">Ferguson 1925</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="981CCDD6FFCD8A658105FC22FE7DFC02" author="Clarke" box="[350,510,992,1018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="68" refString="Clarke, A. (2001 c) Glow - worms in Tasmania. Australian Caver, # 155 (Spring 2001), 17 - 21." type="journal article" year="2001" yearSuffix="c">Clarke 2001c</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="981CCDD6FFCD8A658251FC22FDD4FC02" author="Clarke" box="[522,599,992,1018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="68" refString="Clarke, A. K. (2006 b) Cavernicole Diversity and Ecology in Tasmania (unpublished MSc thesis). School of Zoology, University of Tasmania, Australia, May- 31 - 2006; 394 pp." type="book" year="2006" yearSuffix="b">2006b</bibRefCitation>
), the larval stage may last 5–12 months, depending on the environmental conditions and prey availability. Large numbers of pupae are observed at the cave roof at the end of June, where they remain suspended horizontally from the silk threads. The pupal stage lasts 7–10 days in this cave. July is the peak time of adult emergence. Mating usually takes place immediately upon female emergence, if adult males are available. The adult life span is short. Females live 3–5 days and males 5–7 days. The eggs are black in color and round in shape. Egg development time is 12–30 days. The biology of the species will be explored in more detail elsewhere.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B497E3ACFFCD8A65809DFB35FEE7FAC2" pageId="7" pageNumber="66" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="FC32B027FFCD8A65809DFB35FEE7FAC2" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1338]" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="CEF96C35FFCD8A65809DFB35FEC8FAE9" bold="true" box="[198,331,1271,1297]" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">Etymology</emphasis>
. The name of the species comes from the name of the cave, Shennong Gong, which means “Dragon Palace”.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>