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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1128.89751" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1128-129" ID-Pensoft-UUID="9462C7DFB85D5DC780F645BC75150827" ID-ZooBank="7AC1EB83EE914109892AE5714A65EFB9" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1128-129" checkinTime="1668024534632" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Saxton, Natalie A., Marinov, Milen G. &amp; Bybee, Seth M." docDate="2022" docId="615AD87D5D045B01A7EE47F7CE250BF9" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1128: 129-169" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1128" docPubDate="2022-11-09" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1128.89751" docTitle="Vanuatubasis kapularum Saxton &amp; Marinov &amp; Bybee 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="B7579D85-263D-4251-82AC-67AD6AD1DD4E" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="1" id="9462C7DFB85D5DC780F645BC75150827" lastPageNumber="129" masterDocId="9462C7DFB85D5DC780F645BC75150827" masterDocTitle="Revision of Vanuatubasis Ober &amp; Staniczek, 2009 (Odonata, Coenagrionidae), with description of seven new species" masterLastPageNumber="169" masterPageNumber="129" pageNumber="129" updateTime="1668024534632" updateUser="pensoft">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Revision of Vanuatubasis Ober &amp; Staniczek, 2009 (Odonata, Coenagrionidae), with description of seven new species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Saxton, Natalie A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5993-9782</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Research and Collections Division, The Cleveland Museum of Natural History, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA &amp; Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA &amp; Department of Biology and Monte L. Bean Museum Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84604, USA</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">nsaxton55@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Marinov, Milen G.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3284-2555</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Biosecurity Surveillance and Incursion Investigation Plant Health Team, Ministry for Primary Industries, 14 Sir William Pickering Drive, Christchurch 8053, New Zealand</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Bybee, Seth M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Biology and Monte L. Bean Museum Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84604, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2022-11-09</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>1128</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>129</mods:start>
<mods:end>169</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1128.89751</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1128.89751</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1128-129</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">7AC1EB83EE914109892AE5714A65EFB9</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">9462C7DFB85D5DC780F645BC75150827</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B7579D85-263D-4251-82AC-67AD6AD1DD4E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/615AD87D5D045B01A7EE47F7CE250BF9" lastPageNumber="129" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<taxonomicName LSID="https://zoobank.org/B7579D85-263D-4251-82AC-67AD6AD1DD4E" authority="Saxton &amp; Marinov &amp; Bybee, 2022" authorityName="Saxton &amp; Marinov &amp; Bybee" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Vanuatubasis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vanuatubasis kapularum" order="Odonata" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kapularum" status="sp. nov.">Vanuatubasis kapularum</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="129">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Vanuatubasis kapularum Holotype (♂ BYU) A dorsal thorax B lateral terminalia C dorsal terminalia D lateral habitus V. kapularum Allotype (♀ BYU) E dorsal thorax F lateral terminalia. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1128.89751.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/767332" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Male dorso-posterior and dorsal terminalia of A V. bidens B V. evelynae C V. insularivorum D V. kapularum E V. malekulana F V. nunggoli G V. santoensis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1128.89751.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/767346" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">, 20D</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Female face and dorsal terminalia of A V. bidens B V. discontinua C V. evelynae D V. insularivorum E V. kapularum F V. malekulana G V. nunggoli H V. rhomboides I V. santoensis J V. xanthochroa." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1128.89751.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/767347" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">, 21E</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Holotype</emphasis>
(1
</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">BYU).</emphasis>
&quot;VANUATU: Efate Is., | Ulei, June 11 2019; |
<geoCoordinate degrees="17.5768" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-17.5768">-17.5768</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="168.2960" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="168.296">168.2960</geoCoordinate>
| Coll: SM Bybee, GS Powell | #BYU-VU-2019&quot;.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Paratypes</emphasis>
(2
</emphasis>
♂♂
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">BPBM, 7</emphasis>
♂♂
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">BYU, 3</emphasis>
♂♂
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">NHM, 4</emphasis>
♂♂
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">1</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">NZAC). (6</emphasis>
♂♂
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">BYU, 3</emphasis>
♂♂
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">NHM, 2</emphasis>
♂♂
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">NZAC).</emphasis>
&quot;VANUATU: Efate Is., | Ulei, June 11 2019; |
<geoCoordinate degrees="17.5768" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-17.5768">-17.5768</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="168.2960" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="168.296">168.2960</geoCoordinate>
|Coll: SM Bybee, GS Powell | #BYU-VU-2019&quot;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">(1</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">BYU, 2</emphasis>
♂♂
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">NZAC</emphasis>
) &quot;VANUATU: Efate Is., | Mele Maat, June 11, 2019;
<geoCoordinate degrees="17.6754" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-17.6754">-17.6754</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="168.2559" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="168.2559">168.2559</geoCoordinate>
| Coll: SM Bybee, GS Powell | #BYU-VU-2019&quot;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">(1</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">NZAC</emphasis>
) &quot;VANUATU: Efate Is., |
<normalizedToken originalValue="Devils">Devil's</normalizedToken>
Point Rd., -17.684167 |168.253638, 12.vi.2018, | coll. S. Bybee &amp; G. Powell&quot;.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Allotype</emphasis>
(1
</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">BYU).</emphasis>
&quot;VANUATU: Efate Is., | Mele Maat, June 11, 2019;
<geoCoordinate degrees="17.6754" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-17.6754">-17.6754</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="168.2559" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="168.2559">168.2559</geoCoordinate>
| Coll: SM Bybee, GS Powell | #BYU-VU-2019&quot;.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Description of holotype.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Head</emphasis>
: Labium overall pale beige; labrum blue, with black latero-posterior edges and medially, a depressed black spot at posterior edge; anteclypeus blue; genae, and mandibles (expect for reddish brown tips) blue with dark brown anterolateral edges; postclypeus overall covered by a black bar that begins medially and extends to the anterior edge, not extending to the blue, anterior corners; frons black medially, with blue lateral edges, abruptly changing to black posteriorly; scapes, and pedicels black, flagella dark brown and lightening apically; vertex and rear of head black with line of setae, a bronze shimmer, and white pruinescence; a pair of white post-ocular spots present; three pale ocelli with beige patch apical of the median ocellus; eyes green.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Thorax</emphasis>
: Prothorax dorsally black with a bronze shimmer; laterally mottled appearance with dark brown, blue and hints of green; pronotum black with white pruinescence, latero-posterior corners rounded to obtuse angles and slightly explanate, mid-line obviously indented across the pronotum, hind lobe with raised ridge that is shorter than the width of the pronotum, overall sinusoidal, is curved outward medially, and extends to a sharp point that protrudes posteriorly; mesostigmal plate black with blue edges, interior edges protruding posteriorly, and raised to form very short lobes. Pterothorax with black carina; laterally, mesepisternum with black stripe reaching the dorsal carina and reaching over 1/2 the mesepimeron; blue stripe across the interpleural suture; metepisternum overall dark brown with black line located on metapleural suture near the base of the wings, extending ~ 1/6 the
<normalizedToken originalValue="sutures">suture's</normalizedToken>
length; mesinfraepisternum black; metepimeron dark black and lightening anteriorly with white pruinescence; coxae, trochanters, and femora dorsally dark brown and ventrally beige with black spines; tibiae beige with smaller spines than that of the femora; tarsi beige with brown edges and small, dense spines; pale brown tarsal claws that darken apically to reddish tips, claws with a small tooth located on the basal 1/4 of their length.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1128.89751.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/767332" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" start="Figure 6" startId="F6">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Figure 6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Saxton &amp; Marinov &amp; Bybee" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Vanuatubasis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vanuatubasis kapularum" order="Odonata" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kapularum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Vanuatubasis kapularum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Holotype (♂ BYU)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">A</emphasis>
dorsal thorax
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">B</emphasis>
lateral terminalia
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">C</emphasis>
dorsal terminalia
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">D</emphasis>
lateral habitus
<taxonomicName lsidName="V. kapularum" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="kapularum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">V. kapularum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Allotype (♀ BYU)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">E</emphasis>
dorsal thorax
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">F</emphasis>
lateral terminalia. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Wings</emphasis>
: Hyaline with dark brown to black venation that thickens dorsally; pterostigma pale brown and rhombus-shaped, darkest on the edges; CuP halfway between antenodals in both wings; arculus just distal of second antenodal crossvein in both wings; discoidal cells unequal with FW dorsal edge being 1/2 as long as HW. Nodal index: 15/2-2/13 in FW and 12/2-2/12 in HW.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Abdomen</emphasis>
: Overall with dark brown to black dorsal stripe extending from S1-S10 and lightening to brown laterally, brown reaching ventrally at posterior edge of S3-S6, pale brown setae; S1 blue with white pruinescence; S2-S9 yellow; S9 with dorsal blue spot on posterior end; S10 with a pair of blue patches laterally; cerci dark brown with pale brown setae and appearing as a curved crescent shape dorsally, internal margins touching continuously with black, bulbous tips; paraprocts in dorsal view dark brown and darkening apically, with bumpy texture; in the lateral perspective the lobes are roughly triangular and tapering apically to form small, acutely rounded lobe, dorsal edge sloping ventrally and ventral edge expanding ventrally to form a small lump before abruptly tapering to rounded apex.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Measurements</emphasis>
(mm)
</emphasis>
: total length 41 mm, abdomen 35 mm, HW 21 mm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Variation</emphasis>
. Male.
</emphasis>
Blue dorsal patch on S9 variable in shape and size; S10 lateral blue spots appear cream colored in some specimens. Size of the brown stripe on the metepisternum is somewhat variable. Immature males are yellow to dark beige.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Measurements</emphasis>
(mm)
</emphasis>
: total length 39-42 mm, abdomen 33-36 mm, HW 21-22 mm (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">n</emphasis>
= 10).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Description of allotype.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Head</emphasis>
: Labium overall pale beige; labrum brown medially lightening towards the edges, except for dark brown postero-lateral edges and slightly indented medially dark brown spot at posterior edge; anteclypeus, genae, and mandibles (expect for reddish tips) pale brown; postclypeus translucent pale brown, with darker bar stretching across on the medial, anterior edge; frons pale brown abruptly changing to dark black posteriorly; scapes, and pedicels light brown, flagella pale brown and lightening apically; vertex and rear of head black with line of setae, a bronze shimmer, and faint white pruinescence; three pale ocelli with a beige patch apical of the median ocellus; eyes green.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Thorax</emphasis>
: Prothorax dorsally black; laterally yellow with pale brown stripes; pronotum black medially with yellow lateral edges, latero-posterior corners rounded to obtuse angles and weakly explanate, mid-line obviously indented across the pronotum, hind lobe with raised ridge that is shorter than the width of the pronotum, is curved outward medially, and extends to a sharp point that protrudes posteriorly; mesostigmal black with yellow lateral edges, roughly triangular and not slightly raised medially. Pterothorax with black carina, laterally mesepisternum with black stripe reaching the dorsal carina and extending ~ 1/3 of the mesepisternum; latter 1/3 of mesepisternum yellow; mesepimeron yellow with short, black medial stripe; pale brown mesepisternum; metepisternum overall yellow, with short, black line located on metapleural suture near the base of the wings, extending ~ 1/6 the
<normalizedToken originalValue="sutures">suture's</normalizedToken>
length; mesinfraepisternum yellow with dark brown medial spot; metepimeron pale yellow and lightening ventrally; coxae, trochanters, and femora dorsally brown and ventrally pale beige with black spines; tibiae pale brown with slightly darker, and smaller, spines than that of the femora; tarsi beige with dark brown edges and small, dense spines; pale brown tarsal claws that darken apically to reddish tips, claws with a small tooth located on the basal 1/4 of their length.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Wings</emphasis>
: Hyaline with dark brown venation; pterostigma pale brown and rhombus-shaped; CuP halfway between antenodals in FW, and slightly proximal to halfway in HW; arculus at second antenodal crossvein in both wings; discoidal cells unequal with FW dorsal edge being 1/2 as long as HW. Nodal index: 13/2-2/12 in FW and 12/2-2/11 in HW.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Abdomen</emphasis>
: Overall yellow with black dorsal stripe extending from S1-S9 and lightening towards the edges, with pale brown setae; black carina stripe extending ventrally on terminal edges of S2-S6; S9 with pale dorsal patch extending 3/4 of its length; S10 pale dorsally. Ovipositor overall beige, with brownish red serrated ventral edge, and pale brown setae; stylus with rounded edges, pale brown and lightening apically; gonapophysis reddish brown with slightly serrated dorsal edge. Cerci roughly triangular, dark brown, and narrowing to a rounded, acute point, dorsal edge straight.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Measurements</emphasis>
(mm)
</emphasis>
: total length 37 mm, abdomen 32 mm, HW 21 mm.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Male.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Saxton &amp; Marinov &amp; Bybee" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Vanuatubasis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vanuatubasis kapularum" order="Odonata" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kapularum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Vanuatubasis kapularum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from all other
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ober &amp; Staniczek" authorityYear="2009" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Vanuatubasis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vanuatubasis" order="Odonata" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Vanuatubasis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, besides
<taxonomicName lsidName="V. nunggoli" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="nunggoli">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">V. nunggoli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the presence of dark brown thoracic coloring on the metepisternum. It can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName lsidName="V. nunggoli" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="nunggoli">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">V. nunggoli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
due to by having pale yellow paraprocts with dark tips, dorsally with inner angles forming ~ 90° angle and by the bright blue labrum.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Female.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Saxton &amp; Marinov &amp; Bybee" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Vanuatubasis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vanuatubasis kapularum" order="Odonata" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kapularum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Vanuatubasis kapularum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from other
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ober &amp; Staniczek" authorityYear="2009" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Vanuatubasis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vanuatubasis" order="Odonata" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Vanuatubasis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
females by having a black area dorsally on S9 with relatively straight edges, dark colored cerci, and having the dorso-posterior corners of the mesostigmal plates raised in a small auricle.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="variation">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Variation.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Male.</emphasis>
Blue dorsal patch on S9 variable in shape and size; S10 lateral blue spots appear cream colored in some specimens. Size of the brown stripe on the metepisternum is somewhat variable. Immature males are yellow to dark beige.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Measurements</emphasis>
(mm)
</emphasis>
: total length 39-42 mm, abdomen 33-36 mm, HW 21-22 mm (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">n</emphasis>
= 10).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Female.</emphasis>
S9 and S10 dorsal patch blue in some specimens; thoracic coloring more blue than yellow in mature specimens.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Measurements</emphasis>
(mm)
</emphasis>
: total length 37-40 mm, abdomen 32-34 mm, HW 21-22 mm (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">n</emphasis>
= 2).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Efate, Vanuatu.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
The specific epithet
<taxonomicName authorityName="Saxton &amp; Marinov &amp; Bybee" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Vanuatubasis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vanuatubasis kapularum" order="Odonata" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kapularum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Vanuatubasis kapularum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is here treated as a noun in the genitive case, in honor of the Kapula family who were among the first to show us the wonders of Vanuatu.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">This species was observed feeding on spiders at the Ewor River locality. One male specimen was collected with a spider in its mandibles.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>