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<mods:title id="8526F5515B073B7EF2E602EC178F719A">Taxonomy of Afrotropical and West Palaearctic ants of the ponerine genus Hypoponera Santschi (Hymenoptera: Formicidae).</mods:title>
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<treatment id="1DF9F5830049053A1E6167D2C7DA297F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6191136" ID-GBIF-Taxon="100115084" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6191136" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1DF9F5830049053A1E6167D2C7DA297F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1DF9F5830049053A1E6167D2C7DA297F" lastPageNumber="110" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">
<subSubSection id="E2C1481DBB4A4318473CD864BF90CB33" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="72A4372A36C771129343202888FC43B3" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">
<taxonomicName id="27B367F99FF71780770DB82BA41C31B2" ID-CoL="3NY54" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:29564" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Hypoponera ursa (Santschi)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ursa">Hypoponera ursa (Santschi)</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="01C3169CFFD570435EDF9EED357740B7" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">
<taxonomicName id="679311FD154AB097F68A359C9D161343" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:138940" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Ponera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Ponera ursa Santschi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ursa">Ponera ursa Santschi</taxonomicName>
, 1924: 197. Syntype workers and queen, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO: Ruwenzori, 2000 m (Bequaert) (NHMB) [examined]. [Combination in
<taxonomicName id="99168A6F216D313C41AD8E43A0A562C0" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:283130" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Ponera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Ponera (Hypoponera) coeca Santschi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Hypoponera">Ponera (Hypoponera)</taxonomicName>
: Santschi, 1938: 79; in
<taxonomicName id="436C5FA726D6FA7C52F98EA6F7D80B25" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:24837" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Hypoponera Santschi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Hypoponera</taxonomicName>
: Bolton, 1995: 216.] (See note.)
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="2EE9D1E677D7ADD38E9A43BC97BE2608" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="AD83AE7F255730C6B07611D2D8291641" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">
NOTE. Both syntype workers of
<taxonomicName id="C8025BC239437D1C0845401E02AE6E84" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:29564" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Hypoponera ursa (Santschi)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ursa">ursa</taxonomicName>
are damaged. The head and prothorax of one is broken from the remainder of the mesosoma and petiole and mounted separately. The gaster of this specimen is on a separate card, mounted above the second syntype. The latter has the head detached, with much of the right hand side embedded in glue. The only funiculus that remains for examination is on this second specimen and is in the glue, which has probably saved it from damage. Santschi (1935: 262) presented figures supposed to represent
<taxonomicName id="AC1B9EB904392C950CFB2E74E89E3E4C" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:29564" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Hypoponera ursa (Santschi)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ursa">ursa</taxonomicName>
(figs 3a,b) and
<taxonomicName id="88CA9FE11174BD80222ACBB8B10C8F37" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:29496" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Hypoponera jeanneli (Santschi)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jeanneli">jeanneli</taxonomicName>
(figs 3
<normalizedToken id="21D8D7FCD66372F67C155FC3C6118EDB" originalValue="c–e" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">c-e</normalizedToken>
). Of these, fig. 3c is supposed to represent the antenna of
<taxonomicName id="6A1D2DC2262FD92CF4C338D3F5B23854" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:29496" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Hypoponera jeanneli (Santschi)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jeanneli">jeanneli</taxonomicName>
, which is depicted with very broad funicular segments. This is supported in the text by the statement that
<normalizedToken id="E8A6E092A0FA6C31E44CB9F5C131BE15" originalValue="“" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">&quot;</normalizedToken>
funicular segments 2 to 10 are about twice broader than long.
<normalizedToken id="63813BA70922D62A43E412129E814E5E" originalValue="”" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">&quot;</normalizedToken>
This statement does not match the available syntype of
<taxonomicName id="512850AA97F5403BBA6F3EC032B6177B" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:29496" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Hypoponera jeanneli (Santschi)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jeanneli">jeanneli</taxonomicName>
, but does correspond to the shape seen in the syntype of
<taxonomicName id="7ED3C75E41D699B1674A9C8623F743B6" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:29564" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Hypoponera ursa (Santschi)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ursa">ursa</taxonomicName>
that retains a complete funiculus. It is interesting to note that on the previous page, Santschi (1935: 261) records
<taxonomicName id="40C24C8C7A0A52F70642F2634B3FED31" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:29564" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Hypoponera ursa (Santschi)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ursa">ursa</taxonomicName>
from Mt Elgon, also the type-locality of
<taxonomicName id="116A5DFEE8EBD9F225192349A05153A9" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:29496" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Hypoponera jeanneli (Santschi)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jeanneli">jeanneli</taxonomicName>
, and it is suspected that he may have confused his specimens when he came to describe
<taxonomicName id="1C3E7E996260BA138509459CABE37C63" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:29496" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Hypoponera jeanneli (Santschi)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jeanneli">jeanneli</taxonomicName>
. The Mt Elgon specimen of
<taxonomicName id="770E2C1B22A3656E81107C2D8E7B90A7" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:29564" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Hypoponera ursa (Santschi)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ursa">ursa</taxonomicName>
was not found in the course of this study, but
<taxonomicName id="A17F01980F6EB2D6DADF5085B4290DB9" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:29496" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Hypoponera jeanneli (Santschi)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jeanneli">jeanneli</taxonomicName>
is now known to be quite common in Kenya.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F8397B1F4587D3E08B1E4AA7E1A495AF" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" type="description">
<paragraph id="67CB5E3A610FD9A10F92817FE39F6442" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">WORKER. Measurements: HL 0.62, HW 0.51, HS 0.565, SL 0.44, PrW 0.38, WL 0.80, HFL 0.42, PeNL 0.18, PeH 0.39, PeNW 0.26, PeS 0.277. Indices: CI 82, SI 86, PeNI 68, LPeI 46, DPeI 156.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0A055DE071410D18E032DD22F64EF6A4" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="EF8B3A07ECA7E604C1E5C24401D0583A" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">
Answers the description of
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and apparently is only separated from it by the proportions of the funicular segments, as noted in the key. This is not satisfactory because the degree of telescoping and variation of this character in
<taxonomicName id="24E9341442D5F6A11419A8AD2B813DE7" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:29564" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Hypoponera ursa (Santschi)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ursa">ursa</taxonomicName>
cannot be assessed, and also the view of its funiculus is somewhat distorted by the glue in which it is embedded. For the present it is regarded, somewhat arbitrarily, as dividing the two taxa and this status will have to suffice until the fauna is better known. In
<taxonomicName id="F3B0375280765B9ADDB23338693DA8AB" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:29564" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Hypoponera ursa (Santschi)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ursa">ursa</taxonomicName>
the sum of the lengths of funicular segments 7
<normalizedToken id="A185F4BD0C19B9FEA5246F135EAF1AAD" originalValue="–" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">-</normalizedToken>
10, divided by the sum of their widths, gives a ratio of about 1.68 in the syntype. In
<taxonomicName id="F7A53D6E09C23F21D1C7B66673EB1624" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:29496" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Hypoponera jeanneli (Santschi)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jeanneli">jeanneli</taxonomicName>
and the closely related
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the ratio is 1.20
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1.46.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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