treatments-xml/data/0F/38/91/0F38915AFFB4FFA236961BE5FC0A7F53.xml

<document ID-DOI="10.1590/S1679-62252010000200006" ID-ISSN="1982-0224" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5421527" approvalRequired="2" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="2" checkinTime="1630379413970" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Costa, Wilson J. E. M., Alexandre, Telton P. A. Ramos Luisa C. &amp; Ramos, Robson T. C." docDate="2010" docId="0F38915AFFB4FFA236961BE5FC0A7F53" docLanguage="en" docName="NeotropIchthyol.2010.26.pdf" docOrigin="Neotropical Ichthyology 8 (2)" docSource="http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1679-62252010000200006&amp;lng=en&amp;tlng=en" docStyle="DocumentStyle:85A40B78B715C4497F837D9D78407CE5.4:NeotropIchthyol.2003-2013.journal_article" docStyleId="85A40B78B715C4497F837D9D78407CE5" docStyleName="NeotropIchthyol.2003-2013.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Cynolebias parnaibensis Costa &amp; Alexandre &amp; Ramos 2010, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="286" masterDocId="F301E922FFB5FFA1350C1931FFFF7B3A" masterDocTitle="Cynolebias parnaibensis, a new seasonal killifish from the Caatinga, Parnaíba River basin, northeastern Brazil, with notes on sound producing courtship behavior (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae)" masterLastPageNumber="288" masterPageNumber="283" pageId="1" pageNumber="284" updateTime="1630687054693" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title>Cynolebias parnaibensis, a new seasonal killifish from the Caatinga, Parnaíba River basin, northeastern Brazil, with notes on sound producing courtship behavior (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Costa, Wilson J. E. M.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Alexandre, Telton P. A. Ramos Luisa C.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Ramos, Robson T. C.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Neotropical Ichthyology</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2010</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2010-12-31</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>8</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="issue">
<mods:number>2</mods:number>
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<mods:start>283</mods:start>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.1590/S1679-62252010000200006</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1982-0224</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">5421527</mods:identifier>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0F38915AFFB4FFA236961BE5FC0A7F53" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0F38915AFFB4FFA236961BE5FC0A7F53" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="286" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">
<subSubSection box="[922,1338,724,743]" pageId="1" pageNumber="284" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="1.[922,1338,724,775]" box="[922,1338,724,743]" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">
<heading box="[922,1338,724,743]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="284" reason="2">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[922,1338,724,743]" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">
<taxonomicName authority="Costa &amp; Alexandre &amp; Ramos, 2010" authorityName="Costa &amp; Alexandre &amp; Ramos" authorityYear="2010" box="[922,1193,724,743]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Rivulidae" genus="Cynolebias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="284" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parnaibensis" status="new species">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[922,1193,724,743]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">Cynolebias parnaibensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1207,1338,724,743]" pageId="1" pageNumber="284" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection box="[1099,1161,756,775]" pageId="1" pageNumber="284" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="1.[922,1338,724,775]" box="[1099,1161,756,775]" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">
<figureCitation box="[1099,1161,756,775]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[136,175,1074,1093]" captionTargetBox="[136,1459,174,1056]" captionTargetId="figure-479@2.[136,1459,174,1056]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Cynolebias parnaibensis, Jacobina do Piauí, Piauí, Brazil. (a) UFPB 6719, holotype, male, 54.5 mm SL. (b) UFPB 6709, paratype, female, 46.2 mm SL." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5421529" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5421529/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1099,1161,756,775]" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">Fig. 1</emphasis>
</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="284" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="1.[809,1452,814,946]" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2009-05-19" collectionCode="T" collectorName="de Jacobina &amp; Ramos, M &amp; J. Aparecido." country="Brazil" latitude="-8.015" location="Municipio de Jacobina" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-41.42389" municipality="Estado" pageId="1" pageNumber="284" specimenCode="UFPB 6719" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Piaui" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[809,909,814,831]" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">
<typeStatus box="[809,905,814,831]" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<specimenCode box="[914,1031,814,831]" collectionCode="UFPB" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/pjvz-tkai" name="Departamento de Sistematica e Ecologia" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">UFPB 6719</specimenCode>
, 
<quantity box="[1039,1123,814,831]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.45" pageId="1" pageNumber="284" unit="mm" value="54.5">54.5 mm</quantity>
SL, male, 
<collectingCountry box="[1225,1287,814,831]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingMunicipality box="[1296,1362,814,831]" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">Estado</collectingMunicipality>
do 
<collectingRegion box="[1395,1447,814,831]" country="Brazil" name="Piaui" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">Piauí</collectingRegion>
, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0F38915AFFB4FFA236961BE5FC0A7F53:824E7697FFB4FFA036251A7AFBFC7866" box="[809,1027,843,860]" country="Brazil" latitude="-8.015" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-41.42389" municipality="Estado" name="Municipio de Jacobina" pageId="1" pageNumber="284" stateProvince="Piaui">
Município 
<collectorName box="[915,1027,843,860]" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">de Jacobina</collectorName>
</location>
do 
<collectingRegion box="[1061,1113,843,860]" country="Brazil" name="Piaui" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">Piauí</collectingRegion>
, seasonal lagoon at the right side of the road 
<locationDeviation box="[900,1353,872,889]" firstLocation="Conceicao do Caninde" pageId="1" pageNumber="284" secondLocation="Jacobina">between Conceição do Canindé and Jacobina</locationDeviation>
do 
<collectingRegion box="[1395,1448,872,889]" country="Brazil" name="Piaui" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">Piauí</collectingRegion>
, 
<geoCoordinate box="[809,923,900,917]" degrees="08" direction="south" minutes="00" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="284" precision="15" seconds="54" value="-8.015">08°00’54&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate box="[931,1054,900,917]" degrees="41" direction="west" minutes="25" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="284" precision="15" seconds="26" value="-41.42389">41°25’26&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date box="[1066,1200,900,917]" pageId="1" pageNumber="284" value="2009-05-19">
<collectingDate box="[1066,1200,900,917]" pageId="1" pageNumber="284" value="2009-05-19">19 May 2009</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectionCode box="[1210,1226,900,917]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">T</collectionCode>
. 
<collectorName box="[1237,1342,900,917]" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">Ramos, M</collectorName>
. Silva &amp; 
<collectorName pageId="1" pageNumber="284">J. Aparecido.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="1.[809,1453,985,1146]" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2009-06-28" collectionCode="UFPB" collectorName="de Jacobina &amp; Ramos, M &amp; J. Aparecido." country="Brazil" latitude="-8.015" location="Municipio de Jacobina" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-41.42389" municipality="Estado" pageId="1" pageNumber="284" specimenCode="UFPB 6709" specimenCount="13" specimenCount-female="11" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Piaui" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[809,919,985,1002]" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">
<typeStatus box="[809,915,985,1002]" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<specimenCode box="[924,1041,985,1002]" collectionCode="UFPB" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/pjvz-tkai" name="Departamento de Sistematica e Ecologia" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">UFPB 6709</specimenCode>
, 39.0- 
<quantity box="[1100,1187,985,1002]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.62" pageId="1" pageNumber="284" unit="mm" value="46.2">46.2 mm</quantity>
SL, 
<specimenCount box="[1231,1326,985,1002]" pageId="1" pageNumber="284" type="female">6 females</specimenCount>
, UFRJ 6734, 
<quantity box="[809,955,1014,1031]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.51" metricValueMax="4.59" metricValueMin="4.43" pageId="1" pageNumber="284" unit="mm" value="45.099999999999994" valueMax="45.9" valueMin="44.3">44.3-45.9 mm</quantity>
SL, 
<specimenCount box="[1005,1103,1014,1031]" pageId="1" pageNumber="284" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
; UFRJ 6735, 
<quantity box="[1241,1329,1014,1031]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.17" pageId="1" pageNumber="284" unit="mm" value="51.7">51.7 mm</quantity>
SL, 
<specimenCount box="[1378,1448,1014,1031]" pageId="1" pageNumber="284" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
, 
<quantity box="[809,941,1042,1059]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.165" metricValueMax="4.18" metricValueMin="4.15" pageId="1" pageNumber="284" unit="mm" value="41.65" valueMax="41.8" valueMin="41.5">41.5-41.8 mm</quantity>
SL, 
<specimenCount box="[984,1074,1042,1059]" pageId="1" pageNumber="284" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
(cleared and stained for bone), collected with holotype. UFRJ 6736, 
<quantity box="[1085,1173,1071,1088]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.02" pageId="1" pageNumber="284" unit="mm" value="50.2">50.2 mm</quantity>
SL, 
<specimenCount box="[1222,1292,1071,1088]" pageId="1" pageNumber="284" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
, 
<quantity box="[1303,1391,1071,1088]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.18" pageId="1" pageNumber="284" unit="mm" value="41.8">41.8 mm</quantity>
SL, 
<specimenCount pageId="1" pageNumber="284" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
, same locality as 
<typeStatus box="[1066,1155,1100,1117]" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">holotype</typeStatus>
, 
<date box="[1168,1309,1100,1117]" pageId="1" pageNumber="284" value="2009-06-28">
<collectingDate box="[1168,1309,1100,1117]" pageId="1" pageNumber="284" value="2009-06-28">28 June 2009</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
, 
<materialsCitation collectionCode="T" collectorName="Ramos, P &amp; A. Carvalho" country="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="284" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Piaui" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectionCode box="[1322,1338,1100,1117]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">T</collectionCode>
. 
<collectorName box="[1351,1449,1100,1117]" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">Ramos, P</collectorName>
. Honório &amp; 
<collectorName box="[918,1040,1129,1146]" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">A. Carvalho</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="284" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph blockId="1.[809,1452,1185,1812]" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[809,925,1185,1204]" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Costa &amp; Alexandre &amp; Ramos" authorityYear="2010" box="[930,1191,1185,1204]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Rivulidae" genus="Cynolebias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="284" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parnaibensis">
<emphasis box="[930,1191,1185,1204]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">Cynolebias parnaibensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinguished from all other species of the genus, except 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Costa, Lacerda &amp; Brasil" authorityYear="1990" box="[1167,1273,1217,1236]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Rivulidae" genus="Cynolebias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="284" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="griseus">
<emphasis box="[1167,1185,1217,1236]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">C</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[1197,1273,1217,1236]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">griseus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Costa" authorityYear="1998" box="[1324,1445,1217,1236]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Rivulidae" genus="Cynolebias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="284" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gilbertoi">
<emphasis box="[1324,1342,1217,1236]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">C</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[1354,1445,1217,1236]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">gilbertoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, by having 27-31 neuromasts around eye (
<emphasis box="[1243,1265,1249,1268]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">vs</emphasis>
. 33-46). The new species differs from 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Costa, Lacerda &amp; Brasil" authorityYear="1990" box="[1027,1135,1281,1300]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Rivulidae" genus="Cynolebias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="284" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="griseus">
<emphasis box="[1027,1045,1281,1300]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">C</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[1059,1135,1281,1300]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">griseus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having 29-33 supraorbital neuromasts (
<emphasis box="[945,967,1313,1332]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">vs</emphasis>
. 19-22), 16-18 dorsal-fin rays and 19 anal-fin rays in males (
<emphasis box="[955,976,1345,1364]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">vs</emphasis>
. 20-22 and 21-23, respectively), 28-31 caudalfin rays (
<emphasis box="[897,918,1377,1396]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">vs</emphasis>
. 33-34), 6 pelvic-fin rays (
<emphasis box="[1184,1205,1377,1396]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">vs</emphasis>
. 5), dorsal-fin origin at a vertical between the base of the 4th or 6th anal-fin ray (
<emphasis box="[1372,1394,1409,1428]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">vs</emphasis>
. base of 1st or 2nd ray), 33-36 scales in the longitudinal series (
<emphasis box="[1384,1405,1441,1460]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">vs</emphasis>
. 29- 31), 3+10 gill-rakers in the first branchial arch (
<emphasis box="[1270,1291,1473,1492]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">vs</emphasis>
. 5+15), absence of second pharyngobranchial teeth (
<emphasis box="[1189,1211,1505,1524]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">vs</emphasis>
. presence), absence of the ventral uncinate process of the second epibranchial (
<emphasis box="[1423,1445,1537,1556]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">vs</emphasis>
. presence), absence of the ventral limb of the posttemporal (
<emphasis box="[1423,1445,1569,1588]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">vs</emphasis>
. presence), and absence of contact organs on the flank scales in both sexes (
<emphasis box="[953,974,1633,1652]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">vs</emphasis>
. presence in males). From 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Costa" authorityYear="1998" box="[1245,1362,1633,1652]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Rivulidae" genus="Cynolebias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="284" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gilbertoi">
<emphasis box="[1245,1262,1633,1652]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">C</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[1273,1362,1633,1652]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">gilbertoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
it differs by having 34-35 vertebrae (
<emphasis box="[1103,1125,1665,1684]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">vs</emphasis>
. 32-33), and by the absence of teeth on vomer (
<emphasis box="[1006,1029,1697,1716]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">vs</emphasis>
. 13-15 vomerine teeth). 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Costa &amp; Alexandre &amp; Ramos" authorityYear="2010" class="Actinopterygii" family="Rivulidae" genus="Cynolebias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="284" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parnaibensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">Cynolebias parnaibensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is also distinguished from 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Costa, Lacerda &amp; Brasil" authorityYear="1990" box="[1213,1317,1729,1748]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Rivulidae" genus="Cynolebias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="284" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="griseus">
<emphasis box="[1213,1230,1729,1748]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">C</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[1242,1317,1729,1748]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">griseus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Costa" authorityYear="1998" box="[1327,1445,1729,1748]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Rivulidae" genus="Cynolebias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="284" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gilbertoi">
<emphasis box="[1327,1344,1729,1748]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">C</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[1356,1445,1729,1748]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">gilbertoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Costa &amp; Brasil in Costa" authorityYear="1995" box="[809,1014,1761,1780]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Rivulidae" genus="Cynolebias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="284" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="microphthalmus">
<emphasis box="[809,827,1761,1780]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">C</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[842,1014,1761,1780]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">microphthalmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Costa &amp; Brasil" authorityYear="1991" box="[1068,1245,1761,1780]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Rivulidae" genus="Cynolebias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="284" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albipunctatus">
<emphasis box="[1068,1086,1761,1780]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">C</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[1101,1245,1761,1780]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">albipunctatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the presence of transverse series of scales on the anal-fin base (
<emphasis box="[1312,1334,1793,1812]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">vs</emphasis>
. absence).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="286" pageId="1" pageNumber="284" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="1.[809,1452,1850,1965]" lastBlockId="2.[136,780,1205,1384]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="285" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[809,953,1850,1869]" pageId="1" pageNumber="284">Description.</emphasis>
Morphometric data in 
<tableCitation box="[1224,1311,1850,1869]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="2.[136,199,1430,1449]" captionText="Table 1. Morphometric data of Cynolebias parnaibensis." pageId="1" pageNumber="284">Table 1</tableCitation>
. Dorsal and ventral profiles convex between snout and anterior part of caudal peduncle, nearly straight on caudal peduncle. Body moderately deep, slightly compressed, greatest body depth at level of vertical just anterior to pelvic-fin base. Snout short, blunt.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5421529" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5421529" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5421529/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" startId="2.[136,175,1074,1093]" targetBox="[136,1459,174,1056]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph blockId="2.[136,1459,1074,1125]" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,204,1074,1093]" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Fig. 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority=", Jacobina" authorityName="Jacobina" box="[209,572,1074,1093]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Rivulidae" genus="Cynolebias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parnaibensis">
<emphasis box="[209,468,1074,1093]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Cynolebias parnaibensis</emphasis>
, Jacobina
</taxonomicName>
do Piauí, Piauí, Brazil. (
<emphasis bold="true" box="[824,837,1074,1093]" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">a</emphasis>
) UFPB 6719, holotype, male, 54.5 mm SL. (
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1300,1315,1074,1093]" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">b</emphasis>
) UFPB 6709, paratype, female, 46.2 mm SL.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph blockId="2.[136,780,1205,1384]" lastBlockId="2.[816,1460,1205,1960]" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">
Dorsal and anal fins pointed in males, rounded in females. Pectoral fin long, rounded, reaching vertical between base of 2nd and 4th anal-fin rays in males, and between pelvic-fin base and anus in females. Tip of pelvic fin reaching between base of 2nd and 3rd anal-fin rays in males, reaching between urogenital papilla and anal-fin origin in females. Pelvic-fin bases medially separated by small interspace. Dorsal-fin origin through base of 5th or 6th anal-fin ray in males, and above base of 4th or 5th anal-fin ray in females; dorsal-fin origin between neural spines of vertebrae 15 and 
<quantity box="[1278,1332,1365,1384]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.318" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" unit="in" value="17.0">17 in</quantity>
both sexes. Anal-fin origin between pleural ribs of vertebrae 11 and 
<quantity box="[1406,1459,1397,1416]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.048" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" unit="in" value="12.0">12 in</quantity>
males, and pleural ribs of vertebrae 13 and 
<quantity box="[1302,1359,1429,1448]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.556" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" unit="in" value="14.0">14 in</quantity>
females. Dorsal-fin rays 
<quantity box="[978,1065,1461,1480]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.318" metricValueMax="4.572" metricValueMin="4.064" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" unit="in" value="17.0" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="16.0">16-18 in</quantity>
males, 
<quantity box="[1143,1230,1461,1480]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.937" metricValueMax="4.064" metricValueMin="3.81" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" unit="in" value="15.5" valueMax="16.0" valueMin="15.0">15-16 in</quantity>
females; anal-fin rays 
<quantity box="[816,869,1493,1512]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.826" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" unit="in" value="19.0">19 in</quantity>
males, 
<quantity box="[946,1033,1493,1512]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.953" metricValueMax="5.334" metricValueMin="4.572" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" unit="in" value="19.5" valueMax="21.0" valueMin="18.0">18-21 in</quantity>
females; caudal-fin rays 28-31; pectoralfin rays 13-14; pelvic-fin rays 6.
</paragraph>
<caption box="[136,748,1430,1449]" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" startId="2.[136,199,1430,1449]">
<paragraph blockId="2.[136,748,1430,1449]" box="[136,748,1430,1449]" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,226,1430,1449]" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Table 1.</emphasis>
Morphometric data of 
<taxonomicName box="[474,741,1430,1449]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Rivulidae" genus="Cynolebias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parnaibensis">
<emphasis box="[474,741,1430,1449]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Cynolebias parnaibensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="285">
<table box="[142,770,1478,1959]" gridcols="4" gridrows="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">
<tr box="[142,770,1478,1493]" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" rowspan-0="1">
<td box="[392,471,1478,1493]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Holotype</td>
<td box="[498,770,1478,1493]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Paratypes</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[142,770,1502,1517]" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" rowspan-0="1">
<td box="[392,471,1502,1517]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Male</td>
<td box="[498,605,1502,1517]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Male (n = 1)</td>
<td box="[635,770,1502,1517]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Females (n = 8)</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[142,770,1528,1543]" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">
<td box="[142,357,1528,1543]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Standard length (mm)</td>
<td box="[392,471,1528,1543]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">54.5</td>
<td box="[498,605,1528,1543]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">51.7</td>
<td box="[635,770,1528,1543]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">40.8-46.2</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[142,770,1553,1568]" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">
<td box="[142,770,1553,1568]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Percents of standard length</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[142,770,1577,1592]" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">
<td box="[142,357,1577,1592]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Body depth</td>
<td box="[392,471,1577,1592]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">31.2</td>
<td box="[498,605,1577,1592]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">32.8</td>
<td box="[635,770,1577,1592]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">30.5-33.6</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[142,770,1602,1617]" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">
<td box="[142,357,1602,1617]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Caudal peduncle depth</td>
<td box="[392,471,1602,1617]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">14.1</td>
<td box="[498,605,1602,1617]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">14.7</td>
<td box="[635,770,1602,1617]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">12.9-13.9</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[142,770,1626,1641]" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">
<td box="[142,357,1626,1641]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Predorsal length</td>
<td box="[392,471,1626,1641]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">61.8</td>
<td box="[498,605,1626,1641]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">64.2</td>
<td box="[635,770,1626,1641]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">63.8-66.8</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[142,770,1651,1666]" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">
<td box="[142,357,1651,1666]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Prepelvic length</td>
<td box="[392,471,1651,1666]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">51.5</td>
<td box="[498,605,1651,1666]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">52.1</td>
<td box="[635,770,1651,1666]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">52.9-56.5</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[142,770,1675,1690]" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">
<td box="[142,357,1675,1690]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Length of dorsal-fin base</td>
<td box="[392,471,1675,1690]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">26.5</td>
<td box="[498,605,1675,1690]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">25.5</td>
<td box="[635,770,1675,1690]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">21.3-23.7</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[142,770,1700,1715]" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">
<td box="[142,357,1700,1715]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Length of anal-fin base</td>
<td box="[392,471,1700,1715]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">30.3</td>
<td box="[498,605,1700,1715]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">30.8</td>
<td box="[635,770,1700,1715]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">24.2-27.0</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[142,770,1724,1739]" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">
<td box="[142,357,1724,1739]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Caudal-fin length</td>
<td box="[392,471,1724,1739]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">33.0</td>
<td box="[498,605,1724,1739]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">35.3</td>
<td box="[635,770,1724,1739]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">31.7-33.6</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[142,770,1749,1764]" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">
<td box="[142,357,1749,1764]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Pectoral-fin length</td>
<td box="[392,471,1749,1764]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">24.9</td>
<td box="[498,605,1749,1764]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">24.8</td>
<td box="[635,770,1749,1764]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">23.0-26.2</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[142,770,1773,1788]" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">
<td box="[142,357,1773,1788]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Pelvic-fin length</td>
<td box="[392,471,1773,1788]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">9.6</td>
<td box="[498,605,1773,1788]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">9.1</td>
<td box="[635,770,1773,1788]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">9.2-10.7</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[142,770,1797,1812]" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">
<td box="[142,357,1797,1812]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Head length</td>
<td box="[392,471,1797,1812]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">31.2</td>
<td box="[498,605,1797,1812]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">31.2</td>
<td box="[635,770,1797,1812]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">30.6-32.5</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[142,770,1822,1837]" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">
<td box="[142,770,1822,1837]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Percents of head length</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[142,770,1847,1862]" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">
<td box="[142,357,1847,1862]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Head depth</td>
<td box="[392,471,1847,1862]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">93.0</td>
<td box="[498,605,1847,1862]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">93.0</td>
<td box="[635,770,1847,1862]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">84.3-91.7</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[142,770,1871,1886]" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">
<td box="[142,357,1871,1886]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Head width</td>
<td box="[392,471,1871,1886]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">74.4</td>
<td box="[498,605,1871,1886]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">74.9</td>
<td box="[635,770,1871,1886]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">72.7-77.4</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[142,770,1895,1910]" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">
<td box="[142,357,1895,1910]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Snout length</td>
<td box="[392,471,1895,1910]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">14.4</td>
<td box="[498,605,1895,1910]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">14.1</td>
<td box="[635,770,1895,1910]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">13.3-14.9</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[142,770,1920,1935]" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">
<td box="[142,357,1920,1935]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Lower jaw length</td>
<td box="[392,471,1920,1935]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">27.4</td>
<td box="[498,605,1920,1935]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">24.1</td>
<td box="[635,770,1920,1935]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">20.0-23.4</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[142,770,1944,1959]" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">
<td box="[142,357,1944,1959]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Eye diameter</td>
<td box="[392,471,1944,1959]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">24.2</td>
<td box="[498,605,1944,1959]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">27.7</td>
<td box="[635,770,1944,1959]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">29.2-32.4</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="2.[816,1460,1205,1960]" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Frontal scales irregularly arranged; 11-12 small supraorbital scales. Longitudinal series of scales 33-36; transverse series of scales 14-16; scale rows around caudal peduncle 22. No contact organ on flank. Minute papillate contact organs on inner surface of upper six pectoral fin-rays in males. No contact organs on pelvic and unpaired fins.</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="2.[816,1460,1205,1960]" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Cephalic neuromasts: supraorbital 29-33, parietal 3-4, anterior rostral 3, posterior rostral 3, infraorbital 4+27-31, preorbital 3, otic 6-7, post-otic 7, supratemporal 3, median opercular 2, ventral opercular 3-5, preopercular plus mandibular 44-53, lateral mandibular 9-10, paramandibular 1. One neuromast on each scale of lateral line. Two neuromasts on caudal-fin base.</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="3.[129,772,182,361]" pageId="3" pageNumber="286">Basihyal subtriangular, width about 60% of length; basihyal cartilage about 20% of total length of basihyal. Six branchiostegal rays. Second pharyngobranchial teeth absent. Gill-rakers on first branchial arch 3+10. Vomerine teeth absent. Dermosphenotic absent. Ventral process of posttemporal absent. Total vertebrae 34-35.</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="3.[129,772,406,1033]" pageId="3" pageNumber="286">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[129,260,406,425]" pageId="3" pageNumber="286">Coloration.</emphasis>
Males. Side of body light pinkish brown, with narrow pale golden bars; bluish white dots on whole flank; one or two rounded, pale greenish gray humeral blotches. Venter light orangish yellow. Head side yellowish gray, pale golden on opercular region; small dark reddish brown spots along laterosensory series of neuromasts around orbit and on postorbital region. Iris orangish yellow with dark reddish brown bar through center of eye. Unpaired fins yellowish gray on basal and central portions, to pale gray on distal part of dorsal and caudal fins, and pale orange on distal portion of anal fin. Pectoral fin hyaline. Pelvic fin pale orange.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="3.[129,772,406,1033]" pageId="3" pageNumber="286">Females. Side of body purplish gray, with narrow pale golden bars; one or two rounded, pale greenish gray humeral blotches; sometimes, rounded black blotch on anterocentral portion of flank. Venter light gray. Head side yellowish gray, pale golden on opercular region; small dark reddish brown spots along laterosensory series of neuromasts around orbit and on postorbital region. Iris orangish yellow with dark reddish brown bar through center of eye. Unpaired fins light gray with faint light gray dots. Paired fins hyaline.</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="3.[129,772,1078,1673]" pageId="3" pageNumber="286">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[129,359,1078,1097]" pageId="3" pageNumber="286">Courtship behavior.</emphasis>
Just after induced meetings, the male stays near the bottom whereas the female continuously and slowly swims through the aquarium. This period, herein named as adaptation period, lasted approximately 30 min. After the adaptation period, the courtship begins by the male, which perform a quick and discontinuous swimming towards female. Following the female approximation, the male shakes the head up and downwards producing sound (see sound description below). Just after sound is produced, the female readily starts to swim around male, often scrubbing its snout on the ventral surface of the male trunk, mainly around the genital region. The male swims near the substrate always followed and scrubbed by the female. The male put its snout down into the substrate, in a vertical position, quivering body and fins, which is similar to the stage named as invitation to submerge, described by Belote &amp; Costa (2003) for 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Costa &amp; Brasil" authorityYear="1991" box="[583,764,1558,1577]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Rivulidae" genus="Cynolebias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="286" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albipunctatus">
<emphasis box="[583,601,1558,1577]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="286">C</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[617,764,1558,1577]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="286">albipunctatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The time between start of courtship and the invitation to submerge lasted approximately 60 min. Spawning and fertilization were not observed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="3.[129,772,1718,1961]" lastBlockId="3.[809,1452,182,457]" pageId="3" pageNumber="286">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[129,209,1718,1737]" pageId="3" pageNumber="286">Sound.</emphasis>
Head shaking male display was synchronized with sound production. The sound consists of a single pulse as a thump. The thump duration ranges from 
<geoCoordinate box="[548,618,1782,1801]" degrees="0.031" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="286" precision="55" value="-0.031">0.031s</geoCoordinate>
to 
<geoCoordinate box="[648,717,1782,1801]" degrees="0.133" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="286" precision="55" value="-0.133">0.133s</geoCoordinate>
(m = 
<geoCoordinate box="[129,202,1814,1833]" degrees="0.081" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="286" precision="55" value="-0.081">0.081s</geoCoordinate>
; sd = 0.024; n = 123). Duration of interthump intervals ranges from 
<geoCoordinate box="[259,328,1846,1865]" degrees="0.020" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="286" precision="55" value="-0.02">0.020s</geoCoordinate>
to 
<geoCoordinate box="[358,428,1846,1865]" degrees="8.319" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="286" precision="55" value="-8.319">8.319s</geoCoordinate>
(m = 0.748; sd = 1.061; n = 122). Repetition rate of thumps per courtship ranges from 0.995 to 1.026 thumps per second (m = 1.011; sd = 0.022; n = 2). Dominant frequency varied between 70.3 and 93.8 Hz (m = 78.5; sd = 11.3; n = 83), although in some thumps the values of dominant frequency were 46.9 and 23.4 Hz. These last values are the dominant frequency of background noise, thus these measured values are possibibly due to the low intensity of some thumps. The frequency bandwidth of each thump is from near to zero to 1 kHz (
<figureCitation box="[1118,1185,342,361]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[136,175,1622,1641]" captionTargetBox="[290,1286,182,1553]" captionTargetId="figure-206@4.[238,1372,144,1595]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. General thump sequence produced by the male of Cynolebias parnaibensis during the courtship behavior (a), and a single thump expanded (the second one above) (b). Oscilogram above and spectogram below (window function Hann, overlap 99%, FFT size 1,200 points)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5421531" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5421531/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="286">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). There were occasional thumps off the courtship during the adaptation period. Moments with high repetition rate of thumps were observed when the male apparently was more excited.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="286" type="distribution">
<paragraph blockId="3.[809,1452,502,1001]" pageId="3" pageNumber="286">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[809,1087,502,521]" pageId="3" pageNumber="286">Distribution and habitat.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName box="[1092,1353,502,521]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Rivulidae" genus="Cynolebias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="286" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parnaibensis">
<emphasis box="[1092,1353,502,521]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="286">Cynolebias parnaibensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from the 
<typeStatus box="[912,959,534,553]" pageId="3" pageNumber="286">type</typeStatus>
locality, a seasonal lagoon close to the road between Conceição de Canindé and Jacobina do 
<collectingRegion box="[1386,1447,566,585]" country="Brazil" name="Piaui" pageId="3" pageNumber="286">Piauí</collectingRegion>
, Município de Jacobina do 
<collectingRegion box="[1107,1166,598,617]" country="Brazil" name="Piaui" pageId="3" pageNumber="286">Piauí</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingRegion box="[1179,1302,598,617]" country="Brazil" name="Piaui" pageId="3" pageNumber="286">Piauí State</collectingRegion>
, northeastern 
<collectingCountry box="[809,880,630,649]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="286">Brazil</collectingCountry>
. The 
<typeStatus box="[937,984,630,649]" pageId="3" pageNumber="286">type</typeStatus>
locality is inserted in the Caatinga domain, a semi-arid phytogeographic formation, typical of northeastern 
<collectingCountry box="[950,1020,694,713]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="286">Brazil</collectingCountry>
. The lagoon is within the Canindé River drainage, which is part of the Parnaíba River basin. It was about 
<quantity box="[876,931,758,777]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="286" unit="m" value="60.0">60 m</quantity>
long, 
<quantity box="[1000,1054,758,777]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="286" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</quantity>
wide, maximum depth 
<quantity box="[1312,1355,758,777]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="286" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
, average depth 
<quantity box="[879,953,790,809]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="286" unit="cm" value="50.0">50 cm</quantity>
. The water was turbid, light brown, and the bottom was sandy-muddy. Emerging aquatic vegetation occurred in moderate amount, scattered over the lagoon surface, while large amount of submerged vegetation was found, predominating species of the family 
<taxonomicName authorityName="de Jussieu" authorityYear="1789" box="[809,1005,950,969]" class="Liliopsida" family="Hydrocharitaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="3" pageNumber="286" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Hydrocharitaceae</taxonomicName>
. Margins of the pond were in part densely covered by bushes and low vegetation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="286" type="etymology">
<paragraph blockId="3.[809,1452,1046,1129]" pageId="3" pageNumber="286">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[809,933,1046,1065]" pageId="3" pageNumber="286">Etymology.</emphasis>
The name 
<taxonomicName box="[1044,1178,1046,1065]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Rivulidae" genus="Cynolebias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="286" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parnaibensis">
<emphasis box="[1044,1178,1046,1065]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="286">parnaibensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a reference to the unique occurrence in the Parnaíba River basin among species of the genus 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Steindachner" authorityYear="1876" box="[883,1006,1110,1129]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Rivulidae" genus="Cynolebias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="286" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[883,1006,1110,1129]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="286">Cynolebias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>