322 lines
36 KiB
XML
322 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document id="75B398CE3934879EB427C3E79F847866" ID-CLB-Dataset="32715" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4290.2.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4469947c-31f9-46e6-b963-03ae79d84554" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="829009" ID-ZooBank="79FBA585-7662-4DE1-9BAB-37DFDA2BABBD" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1500110470243" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Marshall, Stephen A." docDate="2017" docId="0399A674FFE8A032FF0AF995A8228E68" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4290.2.2.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4290 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Paramimegralla nigra Barraclough" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="263" masterDocId="FFA0DE0CFFF8A021FF9DFF89A94D8B13" masterDocTitle="Micropezidae (Insecta, Diptera, Acalyptratae) of Madagascar and a revision of the genus Paramimegralla Hennig" masterLastPageNumber="280" masterPageNumber="244" pageNumber="260" updateTime="1698465370965" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="E7A11AF31F4517374AEAEED74CBAF4C6">Micropezidae (Insecta, Diptera, Acalyptratae) of Madagascar and a revision of the genus Paramimegralla Hennig</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FBE62119CA6647A5CE3D37451B8C9C9F">Marshall, Stephen A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="8657005CAFFBBF9A777040E44D79CDA1">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="1DF197218604C381548CA740A246D66E">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="574A30D46F1E585748D6D6EA7CD18CA3">4290</mods:number>
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<treatment id="0399A674FFE8A032FF0AF995A8228E68" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6033435" ID-GBIF-Taxon="132549255" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6033435" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0399A674FFE8A032FF0AF995A8228E68" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0399A674FFE8A032FF0AF995A8228E68" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="263" pageId="16" pageNumber="260">
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<subSubSection id="C32A44E9FFE8A031FF0AF995A85A8D44" pageId="16" pageNumber="260" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8F1762FFE8A031FF0AF995AB078D25" blockId="16.[151,586,1564,1623]" box="[151,586,1564,1590]" pageId="16" pageNumber="260">
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<heading id="D0C7A00EFFE8A031FF0AF995AB078D25" bold="true" box="[151,586,1564,1590]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="260" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C306CE1FFE8A031FF0AF995AB078D25" ID-CoL="7622G" authority="Barraclough" authorityName="Barraclough" box="[151,586,1564,1590]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Paramimegralla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="260" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigra">
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<emphasis id="B944CB70FFE8A031FF0AF995AB078D25" bold="true" box="[151,586,1564,1590]" pageId="16" pageNumber="260">
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<emphasis id="B944CB70FFE8A031FF0AF995A8E98D25" bold="true" box="[151,420,1564,1590]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="260">Paramimegralla nigra</emphasis>
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Barraclough
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8F1762FFE8A031FF0AF9B7A85A8D44" blockId="16.[151,586,1564,1623]" box="[151,279,1598,1623]" pageId="16" pageNumber="260">
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<figureCitation id="130B0BE7FFE8A031FF0AF9B7A9A38D44" box="[151,238,1598,1623]" captionStart="FIGURES 40 – 41" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1873,1896]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1853]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,193,1853]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 40 – 41. Paramimegralla nigra Barraclough. 40. Male; 41. Female." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/829023/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="260">Figs 40</figureCitation>
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̄48
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32A44E9FFE8A031FF0AF908AA728DA6" pageId="16" pageNumber="260" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B8F1762FFE8A031FF0AF908AB158D84" blockId="16.[151,831,1665,1718]" box="[151,600,1665,1687]" pageId="16" pageNumber="260">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB20304CFFE8A031FF0AF908AB158D84" box="[151,600,1665,1687]" pageId="16" pageNumber="260">
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<taxonomicName id="4C306CE1FFE8A031FF0AF908AB158D84" ID-CoL="7622G" authority="Barraclough, 1992: 7" authorityName="Barraclough" authorityPageNumber="7" authorityYear="1992" box="[151,600,1665,1687]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Paramimegralla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="260" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigra">
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<emphasis id="B944CB70FFE8A031FF0AF908A8318D84" box="[151,380,1665,1687]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="260">Paramimegralla nigra</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0A913173FFE8A031FE1FF908AB158D84" author="Barraclough" box="[386,600,1665,1687]" page="7" pageId="16" pageNumber="260" year="1992">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA16A93FFE8A031FE1FF908AB0C8D84" author="Barraclough" box="[386,577,1665,1687]" pageId="16" pageNumber="260" refString="Barraclough, D. A. (1992) The Madagascan genus Paramimegralla Hennig, 1937 (Diptera: Micropezidae: Taeniapterinae). Annals of the Natal Museum, 33 (1), 1 ‾ 11." type="journal article" year="1992">Barraclough, 1992</bibRefCitation>
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: 7
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8F1762FFE8A031FF0AF929AA728DA6" blockId="16.[151,831,1665,1718]" box="[151,831,1696,1718]" pageId="16" pageNumber="260">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB20304CFFE8A031FF0AF929AA728DA6" box="[151,831,1696,1718]" pageId="16" pageNumber="260">
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<taxonomicName id="4C306CE1FFE8A031FF0AF929ABD08DA5" ID-CoL="6TPQH" authority="Barraclough 1992: 8" authorityName="Barraclough" authorityPageNumber="8" authorityYear="1992" box="[151,669,1696,1718]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Paramimegralla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="260" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stuckenbergi">
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<emphasis id="B944CB70FFE8A031FF0AF929A8888DA5" box="[151,453,1696,1718]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="260">Paramimegralla stuckenbergi</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0A913173FFE8A031FE56F929ABD08DA5" author="Barraclough" box="[459,669,1696,1718]" page="8" pageId="16" pageNumber="260" year="1992">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA16A93FFE8A031FE56F929ABC88DA5" author="Barraclough" box="[459,645,1696,1718]" pageId="16" pageNumber="260" refString="Barraclough, D. A. (1992) The Madagascan genus Paramimegralla Hennig, 1937 (Diptera: Micropezidae: Taeniapterinae). Annals of the Natal Museum, 33 (1), 1 ‾ 11." type="journal article" year="1992">Barraclough 1992</bibRefCitation>
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: 8
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A277760BFFE8A031FD35F929AA728DA6" box="[680,831,1696,1717]" pageId="16" pageNumber="260">
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<emphasis id="B944CB70FFE8A031FD35F929AA728DA6" bold="true" box="[680,831,1696,1717]" pageId="16" pageNumber="260">New synonym</emphasis>
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32A44E9FFE8A032FF0AF954AAF08994" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="263" pageId="16" pageNumber="260" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B8F1762FFE8A031FF0AF954AC5B8C09" blockId="16.[151,1437,1757,1998]" pageId="16" pageNumber="260">
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<emphasis id="B944CB70FFE8A031FF0AF954A8098DE5" bold="true" box="[151,324,1757,1782]" pageId="16" pageNumber="260">Redescription.</emphasis>
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Length 10̄
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<quantity id="4CC8BA87FFE8A031FE4CF954AB658DE6" box="[465,552,1757,1782]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="16" pageNumber="260" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
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. Ground colour dull black, densely microsetulose; male with face, antennae, clypeus and palpus contrastingly bright orange; female with face, antennae, clypeus and palpus brown.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8F1762FFE8A031FF5AF8ACAD098CDD" blockId="16.[151,1437,1757,1998]" pageId="16" pageNumber="260">Head with frons broad, faintly ridged longitudinally, uniformly microsetulose including ocellar triangle and most of epicephalon; frontal vitta broad but weakly differentiated anterior to ocelli, abruptly tapered to a thin groove posteriorly. Head chaetotaxy complete, with 2 frontal setae. Palpus broad, ventral and distal margin golden microsetulose. Occipital suture shining brown. Clypeus microsetulose, shorter than face plus lunule, dorsal margin straight. Length of first flagellomere 1.5X maximum width in female, 1.2X in male.</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF4F47EAFFE9A030FF0AF8D8AAF28C7B" box="[151,959,1873,1896]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/829023/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="261" targetBox="[151,1435,193,1853]" targetPageId="17">
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||
<paragraph id="8B8F1762FFE9A030FF0AF8D8AAF28C7B" blockId="17.[151,959,1873,1896]" box="[151,959,1873,1896]" pageId="17" pageNumber="261">
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<emphasis id="B944CB70FFE9A030FF0AF8D8A8188C74" bold="true" box="[151,341,1873,1896]" pageId="17" pageNumber="261">FIGURES 40–41.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C306CE1FFE9A030FEC6F8DBAB948C7B" authority="Barraclough." authorityName="Barraclough." box="[347,729,1874,1896]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Paramimegralla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigra">
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<emphasis id="B944CB70FFE9A030FEC6F8DBAB9E8C74" bold="true" box="[347,723,1874,1896]" pageId="17" pageNumber="261">
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<emphasis id="B944CB70FFE9A030FEC6F8DBAB098C7B" bold="true" box="[347,580,1874,1896]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="261">Paramimegralla nigra</emphasis>
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Barraclough
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</emphasis>
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.
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</taxonomicName>
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40. Male; 41. Female.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="DF4F47EAFFEAA033FF0AF9D3AAB68DDF" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/829025/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="262" targetBox="[205,1397,204,1605]" targetPageId="18">
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<paragraph id="8B8F1762FFEAA033FF0AF9D3AAB68DDF" blockId="18.[151,1436,1626,1740]" pageId="18" pageNumber="262">
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<emphasis id="B944CB70FFEAA033FF0AF9D3ABAD8D63" bold="true" box="[151,736,1626,1649]" pageId="18" pageNumber="262">
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FIGURES 42–48.
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<taxonomicName id="4C306CE1FFEAA033FEC2F9D3ABAD8D63" authority="Barraclough." authorityName="Barraclough." box="[351,736,1626,1648]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Paramimegralla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="262" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigra">
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<emphasis id="B944CB70FFEAA033FEC2F9D3AB048D63" bold="true" box="[351,585,1626,1648]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="262">Paramimegralla nigra</emphasis>
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Barraclough.
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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42. Male terminalia, left lateral; 43. Male S5 with genital fork; 44. Male abdomen with terminalia removed; 45. Spermathecae lateral, showing ventral receptacle; 46. Spermathecae dorsal; 47. Male fore tarsus; 48. Female. Abbreviations: aa, phallapodeme; bd, basal distiphallus; c, cercus; e, epandrium; ea, ejaculatory apodeme; ed, ejaculatory duct; h, hypandrium; pb, phallic bulb; vr, ventral receptacle.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8B8F1762FFEAA032FF5AF97AAA7C8A0E" blockId="18.[151,1437,1779,2021]" lastBlockId="19.[151,1437,151,1403]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="263" pageId="18" pageNumber="262">Thorax with scutellum silvery, scutum with faint pattern of alternating light and dark longitudinal lines and a transverse silver strip extending from lateral third of suture to a diagonal silver strip running from suture down across the posterior margin of the anepisternum and down the katepisternum just in front of the katepisternal seta row. Proepisternum with short, inconspicuous ventral setae. Proepisternum microsetulose, proepimeron shining posteriorly, area behind coxae shining. Anepisternum silvery microsetulose on posterodorsal corner only, otherwise shining with fine microsculpture. Legs black except as follows: Fore femur brown, reddish at apex, fore tarsus of female with distal half of tarsomere 1, all of tarsomere 2, and basal half of tarsomere 3 white; fore tarsus of male with tarsomere 5 white; hind trochanter yellow; male tarsomere one expanded, cultriform. Mid and hind femora with a broad brown preapical band narrowly separated from apex, hind femur of female and both mid and hind femora of males and some females also with a broad brown band near middle. Hind trochanter pale brown to yellow. Hind femur slightly flattened, outer surface sulcate.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8F1762FFEBA032FF5AFEAEAC678A77" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,1403]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263">
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Wing black except base and clear basal and distal margins of the large discal band (
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<emphasis id="B944CB70FFEBA032FB17FEA1ADE88A2C" box="[1162,1189,296,319]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="263">ie,</emphasis>
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with broad basal and discal bands and an infuscated apex). Anal cell bare, CuA2 straight and distal to dm̄cu, distal angle 45
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<emphasis id="B944CB70FFEBA032FA8AFEC5AC6F8A76" bold="true" box="[1303,1314,332,357]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263">°</emphasis>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8F1762FFEBA032FF5AFEFBAAF08994" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,1403]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263">
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Abdomen: Pleural membrane black with an almost vertical, (male)or diagonal (female) white band on P3. Female abdomen: Oviscape black with orange apex. Spermathecae on two ducts of similar length, thinner duct leading to very small spermatheca, thicker duct distally expanded and branching into two short–cylindrical spermathecae on broad and densely convoluted stems. Male abdomen: P4 black and expanded laterally and ventrally (
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<figureCitation id="130B0BE7FFEBA032FE92FD8BA8248908" box="[271,361,514,539]" captionStart="FIGURES 40 – 41" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1873,1896]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1853]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,193,1853]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 40 – 41. Paramimegralla nigra Barraclough. 40. Male; 41. Female." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/829023/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="263">Fig. 40</figureCitation>
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). Epandrium pale brown; with genital fork (S5) with long parallel-sided, distally rounded, slightly incurved arms with inner margins densely packed with short, stout setae; base of fork with a shallow broad cleft. Distiphallus sinuate, ending in a very large and dense phallic bulb. Blade of ejaculatory apodeme small, much smaller than epandrium and slightly smaller than sperm pump (
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<figureCitation id="130B0BE7FFEBA032FCC1FDE7AAFD8994" box="[860,944,622,647]" captionStart="FIGURES 42 – 48" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1626,1649]" captionTargetBox="[205,1397,204,1605]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,193,1605]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 42 – 48. Paramimegralla nigra Barraclough. 42. Male terminalia, left lateral; 43. Male S 5 with genital fork; 44. Male abdomen with terminalia removed; 45. Spermathecae lateral, showing ventral receptacle; 46. Spermathecae dorsal; 47. Male fore tarsus; 48. Female. Abbreviations: aa, phallapodeme; bd, basal distiphallus; c, cercus; e, epandrium; ea, ejaculatory apodeme; ed, ejaculatory duct; h, hypandrium; pb, phallic bulb; vr, ventral receptacle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/829025/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="263">Fig. 44</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32A44E9FFEBA032FF5AFD1BAA8D8F48" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B8F1762FFEBA032FF5AFD1BA86689E0" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,1403]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B581D3FFFEBA032FF5AFD1BABF789DC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1572325750" collectingDate="1988-10-21" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="W. Steiner" elevation="1110" location="Malaise" municipality="Ranomafana National Park" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Fianarantsoa" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944CB70FFEBA032FF5AFD1BA83789B8" bold="true" box="[199,378,658,683]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263">
|
||
<typeStatus id="548BA9C0FFEBA032FF5AFD1BA84F89B8" box="[199,258,658,683]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
material.
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||
</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="548BA9C0FFEBA032FE1AFD1BA8A289B8" box="[391,495,658,683]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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(
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<specimenCount id="9D36DCEBFFEBA032FD98FD1AAB5E89B8" box="[517,531,659,683]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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,
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<collectionCode id="ED218FA7FFEBA032FD8AFD1AAB3E89B8" box="[535,627,659,683]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="19" pageNumber="263">USNM</collectionCode>
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||
) and
|
||
<typeStatus id="548BA9C0FFEBA032FD23FD1AAA5389B8" box="[702,798,659,683]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D36DCEBFFEBA032FCAEFD1AAA0C89B8" box="[819,833,659,683]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED218FA7FFEBA032FCDBFD1AAAEF89B8" box="[838,930,659,683]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="19" pageNumber="263">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F4D980FFEBA032FC2AFD1BAD0489B8" box="[951,1097,658,683]" country="Madagascar" name="Fianarantsoa" pageId="19" pageNumber="263">Fianarantsoa</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BEB8D18FFEBA032FBC7FD1BACD589B8" box="[1114,1432,658,683]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263">Ranomafana National Park</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<elevation id="001DF051FFEBA032FF0AFD3EA9AB89DC" box="[151,230,695,719]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1099999999999999" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" unit="m" value="1110.0">
|
||
<quantity id="4CC8BA87FFEBA032FF0AFD3EA9AB89DC" box="[151,230,695,719]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1099999999999999" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" unit="m" value="1110.0">1110m</quantity>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EEF41B9FFEBA032FF60FD3FA81489DC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0399A674FFE8A032FF0AF995A8228E68:8EEF41B9FFEBA032FF60FD3FA81489DC" box="[253,345,694,719]" municipality="Ranomafana National Park" name="Malaise" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" stateProvince="Fianarantsoa">Malaise</location>
|
||
, 8̄
|
||
<date id="FF8E31A2FFEBA032FE14FD3EAB5689DC" box="[393,539,695,719]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" value="1988-10-21">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFCAC84AFFEBA032FE14FD3EAB5689DC" box="[393,539,695,719]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" value="1988-10-21">21.Oct.1988</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26C572B4FFEBA032FDA9FD31ABF789DC" box="[564,698,694,719]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263">W. Steiner</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B581D3FFFEBA032FD4CFD31A86589E0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1572325773" collectingDate="1988-09-24" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="C. Kremen" elevation="1110" location="Malaise" municipality="Ranomafana National Park" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Fianarantsoa" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="548BA9C0FFEBA032FD4CFD31AA7989C3" box="[721,820,696,720]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
, same locality but 15̄
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFCAC84AFFEBA032FBFDFD3FADB189DC" box="[1120,1276,694,719]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" value="1988-09-24">
|
||
<date id="FF8E31A2FFEBA032FBFDFD3FADB189DC" box="[1120,1276,694,719]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" value="1988-09-24">24.Sept.1988</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26C572B4FFEBA032FA89FD3EACD189DC" box="[1300,1436,695,719]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263">C. Kremen</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D36DCEBFFEBA032FF3DFD52A9F589E0" box="[160,184,731,755]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED218FA7FFEBA032FF20FD52A85289E0" box="[189,287,731,755]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="19" pageNumber="263">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8F1762FFEBA032FF5AFD77A8078828" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,1403]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263">
|
||
<typeStatus id="548BA9C0FFEBA032FF5AFD77A8628804" box="[199,303,766,791]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C306CE1FFEBA032FECAFC89AB4F8804" box="[343,514,767,791]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Paramimegralla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stuckenbergi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944CB70FFEBA032FECAFC89AB4F8804" box="[343,514,767,791]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="263">P. stuckenbergi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D36DCEBFFEBA032FD8FFD76AB6B8804" box="[530,550,767,791]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED218FA7FFEBA032FDB7FD76ABCE8804" box="[554,643,767,791]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="19" pageNumber="263">NMSA</collectionCode>
|
||
, photographs examined) and
|
||
<typeStatus id="548BA9C0FFEBA032FC4CFC89AD7F880B" box="[977,1074,768,792]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D36DCEBFFEBA032FBDFFD76AD188804" box="[1090,1109,767,791]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED218FA7FFEBA032FBC7FD76ADFF8804" box="[1114,1202,767,791]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="19" pageNumber="263">NMSA</collectionCode>
|
||
) Perinet,
|
||
<date id="FF8E31A2FFEBA032FABCFC89ACD58804" box="[1313,1432,766,791]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" value="1955-12">Dec. 1955</date>
|
||
, B. Stuckenberg.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8F1762FFEBA032FF5AFCCFAA8D8F48" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,1403]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B581D3FFFEBA032FF5AFCCFA98B88FC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1572325759" collectingDate="2002-04-29" collectionCode="MYCRO, CAS" collectorName="S. A. Marshall & Malaise" country="Madagascar" county="Other" elevation="1110" location="Tamatave" municipality="Pinned" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" specimenCode="MYCRO042" specimenCount="9" specimenCount-female="6" specimenCount-male="3" stateProvince="Fianarantsoa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944CB70FFEBA032FF5AFCCFA8B3884C" bold="true" box="[199,510,838,863]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263">
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62EE6FEEFFEBA032FF5AFCCFA842884C" box="[199,271,838,863]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263">Other</collectingCounty>
|
||
material examined
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BEB8D18FFEBA032FD8CFCCFAB12884C" box="[529,607,838,863]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263">Pinned</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
specimens:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32757F2FFEBA032FD6FFCCFAA36884C" box="[754,891,838,863]" name="Madagascar" pageId="19" pageNumber="263">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Moramanga district,
|
||
<location id="8EEF41B9FFEBA032FBE3FCC1ADA3884C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0399A674FFE8A032FF0AF995A8228E68:8EEF41B9FFEBA032FBE3FCC1ADA3884C" box="[1150,1262,840,863]" country="Madagascar" county="Other" municipality="Pinned" name="Tamatave" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" stateProvince="Fianarantsoa">Tamatave</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EEF41B9FFEBA032FB60FCCFACD5884C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0399A674FFE8A032FF0AF995A8228E68:8EEF41B9FFEBA032FB60FCCFACD5884C" box="[1277,1432,838,863]" country="Madagascar" county="Other" municipality="Pinned" name="Torotorofotsy" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" stateProvince="Fianarantsoa">Torotorofotsy</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation id="9A3D0E40FFEBA032FF0AFCE3A8368890" box="[151,379,874,899]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263">
|
||
<quantity id="4CC8BA87FFEBA032FF0AFCE3A99A8890" box="[151,215,874,899]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" unit="km" value="22.0">22km</quantity>
|
||
N Andasibe.
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
18°46.25', 48°25.93’, 23̄25.2014,
|
||
<collectorName id="26C572B4FFEBA032FCB2FCE2AA998890" box="[815,980,874,899]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263">S.A. Marshall</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D36DCEBFFEBA032FC71FCE2AD428890" box="[1004,1039,875,899]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" type="male">3♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D36DCEBFFEBA032FB83FCE2AD0F8890" box="[1054,1090,875,899]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" type="female">4♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, sequences
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB96BF19FFEBA032FB45FCE3AC388890" box="[1240,1397,874,899]" collectionCode="MYCRO" pageId="19" pageNumber="263">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED218FA7FFEBA032FB45FCE3AC0A8890" box="[1240,1351,874,899]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263">MYCRO</collectionCode>
|
||
042
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
̄15, 221̄15);
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F4D980FFEBA032FE85FC07A8E788B4" box="[280,426,910,935]" country="Madagascar" name="Fianarantsoa" pageId="19" pageNumber="263">Fianarantsoa</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EEF41B9FFEBA032FE5AFC07AA5288B4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0399A674FFE8A032FF0AF995A8228E68:8EEF41B9FFEBA032FE5AFC07AA5288B4" box="[455,799,910,935]" country="Madagascar" county="Other" municipality="Pinned" name="Ranomafana National Park" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" stateProvince="Fianarantsoa">Ranomafana National Park</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EEF41B9FFEBA032FCA3FC07AAF588B4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0399A674FFE8A032FF0AF995A8228E68:8EEF41B9FFEBA032FCA3FC07AAF588B4" box="[830,952,910,935]" country="Madagascar" county="Other" municipality="Pinned" name="Vohiparara" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" stateProvince="Fianarantsoa">Vohiparara</location>
|
||
at broken bridge,
|
||
<elevation id="001DF051FFEBA032FB4DFC06AC5288B4" box="[1232,1311,911,935]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1099999999999999" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" unit="m" value="1110.0">
|
||
<quantity id="4CC8BA87FFEBA032FB4DFC06AC5288B4" box="[1232,1311,911,935]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1099999999999999" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" unit="m" value="1110.0">1110m</quantity>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26C572B4FFEBA032FAA1FC07ACD588B4" box="[1340,1432,910,935]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263">Malaise</collectorName>
|
||
, 22̄
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFCAC84AFFEBA032FF23FC3AA81C88D8" box="[190,337,947,971]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" value="2002-04-29">
|
||
<date id="FF8E31A2FFEBA032FF23FC3AA81C88D8" box="[190,337,947,971]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" value="2002-04-29">29.Apr.2002</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
, R. Harin'Hala (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D36DCEBFFEBA032FDBDFC3AAB7288D8" box="[544,575,947,971]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED218FA7FFEBA032FDD9FC3AABC988D8" box="[580,644,947,971]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="19" pageNumber="263">CAS</collectionCode>
|
||
); Ranomafana National Park, Sahamalaotra, 21°14.44’ 47°23.67’,
|
||
<date id="FF8E31A2FFEBA032FF0AFC5FA98B88FC" box="[151,198,982,1007]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" value="2014-10-16">16.x</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<quantity id="4CC8BA87FFEBA032FF54FC5FA82788FC" box="[201,362,982,1007]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.01465" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" unit="m" value="2014650.0">2014, 650m</quantity>
|
||
, S.A. Marshall (2♂ sequences MYCRO211̄15, MYCRO 219̄15, 7♀, sequence MYCRO209̄15) Ranomafana National Park, Talatakely, Malaise, 16̄
|
||
<date id="FF8E31A2FFEBA032FC6FFC73AD258F00" box="[1010,1128,1018,1043]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" value="2014-10-19">
|
||
19.x.
|
||
<quantity id="4CC8BA87FFEBA032FBBBFC73AD258F00" box="[1062,1128,1018,1043]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.01461" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" unit="m" value="2014610.0">2014</quantity>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, 610m, A. Kirk–Spriggs (2♀,NMB).
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B581D3FFFEBA032FEB8FB97AA8D8F48" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1572325764" collectionCode="CAS" collectorName="Specimens & S. Ambositra." country="Madagascar" location="Mandritsara Forest" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" specimenCount="26" specimenCount-female="21" specimenCount-male="5" stateProvince="Fianarantsoa">
|
||
<collectorName id="26C572B4FFEBA032FEB8FB97A8D38F24" box="[293,414,1054,1079]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263">Specimens</collectorName>
|
||
in alcohol: (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D36DCEBFFEBA032FDA4FB96AB3B8F24" box="[569,630,1055,1079]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" type="female">17 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D36DCEBFFEBA032FD15FB97ABFA8F24" box="[648,695,1054,1079]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" type="male">5 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED218FA7FFEBA032FD5FFB96ABB68F24" box="[706,763,1055,1079]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="19" pageNumber="263">CAS</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMethod id="52716F75FFEBA032FC96FB97AD5D8F24" box="[779,1040,1054,1079]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263">all from Malaise traps</collectingMethod>
|
||
) most from Ranomafana but
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D36DCEBFFEBA032FAF3FB96ACD18F24" box="[1390,1436,1055,1079]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" type="female">4 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
specimens from:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F4D980FFEBA032FEC5FBCBA8A78F48" box="[344,490,1090,1115]" country="Madagascar" name="Fianarantsoa" pageId="19" pageNumber="263">Fianarantsoa</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EEF41B9FFEBA032FE68FBCBAB818F49" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0399A674FFE8A032FF0AF995A8228E68:8EEF41B9FFEBA032FE68FBCBAB818F49" box="[501,716,1090,1115]" country="Madagascar" name="Mandritsara Forest" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" stateProvince="Fianarantsoa">Mandritsara Forest</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC8BA87FFEBA032FD4AFBCAAA538F48" box="[727,798,1090,1115]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" unit="km" value="40.0">40 km</quantity>
|
||
<collectorName id="26C572B4FFEBA032FCB8FBCAAA8D8F48" box="[805,960,1090,1115]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263">S. Ambositra.</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32A44E9FFEBA032FF5AFBEFA8228E68" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8F1762FFEBA032FF5AFBEFA8228E68" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,1403]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944CB70FFEBA032FF5AFBEFA8028F6C" bold="true" box="[199,335,1126,1151]" pageId="19" pageNumber="263">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
Males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C306CE1FFEBA032FE55FBE1AB6F8F6C" box="[456,546,1128,1151]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Paramimegralla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944CB70FFEBA032FE55FBE1AB6F8F6C" box="[456,546,1128,1151]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="263">P. nigra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, previously treated as
|
||
<emphasis id="B944CB70FFEBA032FCB7FBE1AA908F6C" box="[810,989,1127,1151]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="263">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C306CE1FFEBA032FCB7FBE1AA978F6C" box="[810,986,1127,1151]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Paramimegralla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stuckenbergi">P. stuckenbergi</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
are distinctive for the orange antenna, palpus and face that contrast with the black frons. The flattened and expanded tarsomere one of the male foreleg is also unique in the genus. Females look so different from males it would have been difficult to match up the sexes of this species without sequence data, and in fact prior to sequencing the males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C306CE1FFEBA032FBACFB5AADC28FF9" box="[1073,1167,1235,1258]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Paramimegralla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zarpa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944CB70FFEBA032FBACFB5AADC28FF9" box="[1073,1167,1235,1258]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="263">P. zarpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were thought to be the probable males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C306CE1FFEBA032FEF3FB71A8858E1C" box="[366,456,1272,1295]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Paramimegralla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944CB70FFEBA032FEF3FB71A8858E1C" box="[366,456,1272,1295]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="263">P. nigra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. But all five (two male "
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C306CE1FFEBA032FD73FB7EAA318E1C" box="[750,892,1271,1295]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Paramimegralla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stuckenbergi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944CB70FFEBA032FD73FB7EAA318E1C" box="[750,892,1271,1295]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="263">stuckenbergi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
" and three female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C306CE1FFEBA032FBC7FB71ADDA8E1C" box="[1114,1175,1272,1295]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Paramimegralla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944CB70FFEBA032FBC7FB71ADDA8E1C" box="[1114,1175,1272,1295]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="263">nigra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) sequenced specimens here treated as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C306CE1FFEBA032FEDCFA92A8D48E21" box="[321,409,1307,1330]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Paramimegralla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944CB70FFEBA032FEDCFA92A8D48E21" box="[321,409,1307,1330]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="263">P. nigra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
had essentially identical CO1 (barcode) sequences. Females differ from males in color and dimensions of the fore tarsus, colour of the anterior part of the head, colour of the mid tibia, and orientation of the white pleural band.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |