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<document id="A93FA93652D2D95CF9D067288445E07E" ID-CLB-Dataset="20049" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5120.4.6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a0421c84-a047-4499-b92f-52cab23d6e79" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6392907" ID-ZooBank="58CAB25D-CA92-44EE-BF1D-67DB91EB9596" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1648538015601" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Martins, Luciana &amp; Tavares, Marcos" docDate="2022" docId="03B887C14B0C8138BEE16DAFFC22915D" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5120.4.6.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5120 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Thorsonia hedingi Martins &amp; Tavares 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="567" masterDocId="FF81FFB94B0B8130BE766D38FFB09611" masterDocTitle="Additions to the morphology of the Phyllophoridae and the Sclerodactylidae. I. Type species of Phyllophorella, Selenkiella, Cladolella and Clarkiella, with the description a new species of Thorsonia (Holothuroidea: Dendrochirotida)" masterLastPageNumber="572" masterPageNumber="559" pageNumber="566" updateTime="1699318708264" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="30A85DA2F687C39C6F48333D45165D22">Additions to the morphology of the Phyllophoridae and the Sclerodactylidae. I. Type species of Phyllophorella, Selenkiella, Cladolella and Clarkiella, with the description a new species of Thorsonia (Holothuroidea: Dendrochirotida)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1017A96404F1423833B688E8C5545FAD">Martins, Luciana</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="463DDADEA90DEB00F9D8C499A6DBB64C" type="ORCID">0000-0002-8107-3265</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="7F45BEEBB34FAB8BFE22AE0278F59741">Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo-SP, 04263 - 000, Brazil. &amp; martinsrluciana @ gmail. com, mdst @ usp. br; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8107 - 3265</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D13106694701BBF9B6EE01E02AF7B5B1" type="email">mdst@usp.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:name id="BD70692D726080C163734D900D0C39EE" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="77B7451FAE9ABCDEAF827B4EF9681FEB">Tavares, Marcos</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="1E1A34223E61CBAEEE8AA1C9FC444A45" type="ORCID">0000-0002-7186-5787</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="2454F7EE292AB3F895A1AEC25290F771">Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo-SP, 04263 - 000, Brazil. &amp; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 7186 - 5787</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="F4D5B05EEFF054CFC39D7DC4AB02AE0E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="E84A9139D718E67789AF200565151025">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="9D87507865EE6D87FB42C7736E237178">2022-03-29</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="3B25E9E3E3EB4502879763E41E98281F" type="volume">
<mods:number id="629147388A8EAD7462F722012CCEECCB">5120</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="9C6CC2051E3A142DB48D144DC637E59D">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="084EE736304B5D1EAAF95E7DAEF867BF" type="CLB-Dataset">20049</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D334DA2A412EFE3EA89632556FA38B57" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5120.4.6</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03B887C14B0C8138BEE16DAFFC22915D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6402198" ID-GBIF-Taxon="194317672" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6402198" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B887C14B0C8138BEE16DAFFC22915D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B887C14B0C8138BEE16DAFFC22915D" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="567" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">
<subSubSection id="C30B655C4B0C8137BEE16DAFFE6C96A3" box="[151,476,151,178]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BAE36D74B0C8137BEE16DAFFE6C96A3" blockId="7.[151,476,151,214]" box="[151,476,151,178]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">
<heading id="D0E681BB4B0C8137BEE16DAFFE6C96A3" bold="true" box="[151,476,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B965EAC54B0C8137BEE16DAFFE6C96A3" bold="true" box="[151,476,151,178]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">
<taxonomicName id="4C114D544B0C8137BEE16DAFFEC796A3" authority="Martins &amp; Tavares, 2022" authorityName="Martins &amp; Tavares" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,375,151,178]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thorsonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="hedingi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B965EAC54B0C8137BEE16DAFFEC796A3" bold="true" box="[151,375,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">Thorsonia hedingi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25657BE4B0C8137BF096DA0FE6C96A3" box="[383,476,152,178]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30B655C4B0C8137BEE16D84FE9F96C7" box="[151,303,188,214]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BAE36D74B0C8137BEE16D84FE9F96C7" blockId="7.[151,476,151,214]" box="[151,303,188,214]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">
(
<figureCitation id="132A2A524B0C8137BEE96D84FE9796C7" box="[159,295,188,214]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 8" captionStart-1="FIGURE 9" captionStartId-0="7.[151,250,1763,1787]" captionStartId-1="8.[151,250,1448,1472]" captionTargetBox-0="[166,1421,712,1730]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,381,1425]" captionTargetId-0="figure-230@7.[161,1426,706,1739]" captionTargetId-1="figure-159@8.[151,1436,381,1425]" captionTargetPageId-0="7" captionTargetPageId-1="8" captionText-0="FIGURE 8. Thorsonia sp. nov., holotype (ZMUC 324). (a) specimen in dorsal view; (b) retractor muscle (white arrow); (c) tables spikes from tube feet (white arrow); (d) detail from body wall with 4-armed tables; (e) madreporite; (f) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view showing the RMA attachment; (g) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view showing during bleach (h) drawing of the calcareous ring showing radial and interradial plates subdivided (i) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view showing (IR 5) and (j) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view showing AB. Abbreviations: Middorsal interradial plate (IR5); AB, aquapharyngeal bulb attachment; RMA, retractor muscle attachment. R, radial plate; IR interradial plate. Plate identity follows the system established by Ludwig (1889–1892)." captionText-1="FIGURE 9. Thorsonia sp. nov., holotype (ZMUC 324). Ossicles from body wall (a–f): (a–b) 4 armed tables; (c, d) fusiform rods; (e, f) tables from anal region; (g, h) tables from tentacles and introvert and tube feet table in lower view (i) and lateral view (j)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392926" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392928" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/6392926/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/6392928/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">
Figures 8
<emphasis id="B965EAC54B0C8137BF7C6D84FEA896C4" box="[266,280,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">–</emphasis>
9
</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30B655C4B0C8137BEE16C3CFBB69753" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BAE36D74B0C8137BEE16C3CFBB69753" blockId="7.[151,1437,259,683]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">
<emphasis id="B965EAC54B0C8137BEE16C3CFEF4970C" bold="true" box="[151,324,259,286]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B793C8A4B0C8137BF3C6C3CFBB69753" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3744207305" collectingDate="1922-07-29" collectionCode="ZMUC, MZUSP" country="Indonesia" latitude="-6.5833335" location="Sunda Strait" longLatPrecision="1304" longitude="-105.683334" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" specimenCode="ZMUC 324, MZUSP 2797" specimenCount="30" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54AA88754B0C8137BF3C6C3CFE07970F" box="[330,439,260,286]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
<quantity id="4CE99B324B0C8137BFB76C3CFDBE970F" box="[449,526,260,286]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" unit="mm" value="11.0">11 mm</quantity>
(
<specimenCode id="DBB79EAC4B0C8137BC6D6C3CFD2E970F" box="[539,670,260,286]" collectionCode="ZMUC" country="Denmark" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mci8-ehqk" name="Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">ZMUC 324</specimenCode>
as
<taxonomicName id="4C114D544B0C8137BCB46C3CFC04970F" baseAuthorityName="Semper" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[706,948,260,286]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thorsonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="adversaria">
<emphasis id="B965EAC54B0C8137BCB46C3CFC04970F" box="[706,948,260,286]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">Thorsonia adversaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
),
<geoCoordinate id="EE2550104B0C8137BDBD6C3BFB90970F" box="[971,1056,259,286]" degrees="6" direction="south" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" precision="925" value="-6.5833335">6°35’ S</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate id="EE2550104B0C8137BA5A6C3BFB15970F" box="[1068,1189,259,286]" degrees="105" direction="west" minutes="41" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" precision="925" value="-105.683334">105°41’ W</geoCoordinate>
,
<location id="8ECE600C4B0C8137BAD96C3CFA8B970F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B887C14B0C8138BEE16DAFFC22915D:8ECE600C4B0C8137BAD96C3CFA8B970F" box="[1199,1339,260,286]" country="Indonesia" latitude="-6.5833335" longLatPrecision="1304" longitude="-105.683334" name="Sunda Strait" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">Sunda Strait</location>
,
<collectingCountry id="F30676474B0C8137BB336C3CFF099753" name="Indonesia" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
,
<date id="FFAF10174B0C8137BEB26C10FEF69753" box="[196,326,296,322]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" value="1922-07-29">
<collectingDate id="EFEBE9FF4B0C8137BEB26C10FEF69753" box="[196,326,296,322]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" value="1922-07-29">
29.vii.
<quantity id="4CE99B324B0C8137BF7C6C10FEF69753" box="[266,326,296,322]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9223" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" unit="m" value="1922.3">1922</quantity>
</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D17FD5E4B0C8137BF246C10FE229753" box="[338,402,296,322]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" type="generic">30 m.</specimenCount>
Permanent slides of body wall ossicles (
<specimenCode id="DBB79EAC4B0C8137BD2E6C10FC4A9753" box="[856,1018,296,322]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">MZUSP 2797</specimenCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30B655C4B0C8137BEB16C74FD0E979B" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BAE36D74B0C8137BEB16C74FD0E979B" blockId="7.[151,1437,259,683]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">
<emphasis id="B965EAC54B0C8137BEB16C74FEF89777" bold="true" box="[199,328,332,358]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">Etymology</emphasis>
. Named in honor of Svend Geisler Heding (cf.
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B264B0C8137BD116C74FBC59777" author="O'Loughlin, P. M. &amp; Tavancheh, E. &amp; Harding, C." box="[871,1141,331,358]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" pagination="53 - 70" refId="ref6205" refString="O'Loughlin, P. M., Tavancheh, E. &amp; Harding, C. (2016) The Discovery Expedition Sea cucumbers (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea). Memoirs of Museum Victoria, 75, 53 - 70. https: // doi. org / 10.24199 / j. mmv. 2016.75.03" type="journal article" year="2016">
O’Loughlin
<emphasis id="B965EAC54B0C8137BD856C74FB9C9777" box="[1011,1068,332,358]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">et al.</emphasis>
, 2016
</bibRefCitation>
) in recognition of his significant contributions to holothuroid systematics.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30B655C4B0C8137BEB16CABFBF297BF" box="[199,1090,403,430]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BAE36D74B0C8137BEB16CABFBF297BF" blockId="7.[151,1437,259,683]" box="[199,1090,403,430]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">
<emphasis id="B965EAC54B0C8137BEB16CABFE8A97BC" bold="true" box="[199,314,403,429]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. Body wall with fusiform rods and tube feet tables with a solid spire.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30B655C4B0C8138BEB16C8FFC669777" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="567" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BAE36D74B0C8137BEB16C8FFA2894BA" blockId="7.[151,1437,259,683]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">
<emphasis id="B965EAC54B0C8137BEB16C8FFEE197C0" bold="true" box="[199,337,439,465]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">Description</emphasis>
. Body U–shaped. Tube feet restricted to ambulacra (
<figureCitation id="132A2A524B0C8137BDE56C80FC5397C3" box="[915,995,440,466]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1763,1787]" captionTargetBox="[166,1421,712,1730]" captionTargetId="figure-230@7.[161,1426,706,1739]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 8. Thorsonia sp. nov., holotype (ZMUC 324). (a) specimen in dorsal view; (b) retractor muscle (white arrow); (c) tables spikes from tube feet (white arrow); (d) detail from body wall with 4-armed tables; (e) madreporite; (f) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view showing the RMA attachment; (g) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view showing during bleach (h) drawing of the calcareous ring showing radial and interradial plates subdivided (i) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view showing (IR 5) and (j) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view showing AB. Abbreviations: Middorsal interradial plate (IR5); AB, aquapharyngeal bulb attachment; RMA, retractor muscle attachment. R, radial plate; IR interradial plate. Plate identity follows the system established by Ludwig (1889–1892)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392926" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392926/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">Fig. 8a</figureCitation>
). Ten dendritic tentacles, ventral pair reduced. Anal papillae present. Longitudinal muscles split at anteriorly. Retractor muscles short (
<figureCitation id="132A2A524B0C8137BAD56CE4FB4497E6" box="[1187,1268,476,503]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1763,1787]" captionTargetBox="[166,1421,712,1730]" captionTargetId="figure-230@7.[161,1426,706,1739]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 8. Thorsonia sp. nov., holotype (ZMUC 324). (a) specimen in dorsal view; (b) retractor muscle (white arrow); (c) tables spikes from tube feet (white arrow); (d) detail from body wall with 4-armed tables; (e) madreporite; (f) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view showing the RMA attachment; (g) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view showing during bleach (h) drawing of the calcareous ring showing radial and interradial plates subdivided (i) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view showing (IR 5) and (j) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view showing AB. Abbreviations: Middorsal interradial plate (IR5); AB, aquapharyngeal bulb attachment; RMA, retractor muscle attachment. R, radial plate; IR interradial plate. Plate identity follows the system established by Ludwig (1889–1892)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392926" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392926/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">Fig. 8b</figureCitation>
), each attached to middle of the corresponding radial plate (
<figureCitation id="132A2A524B0C8137BCF76F38FD60940A" box="[641,720,512,539]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1763,1787]" captionTargetBox="[166,1421,712,1730]" captionTargetId="figure-230@7.[161,1426,706,1739]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 8. Thorsonia sp. nov., holotype (ZMUC 324). (a) specimen in dorsal view; (b) retractor muscle (white arrow); (c) tables spikes from tube feet (white arrow); (d) detail from body wall with 4-armed tables; (e) madreporite; (f) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view showing the RMA attachment; (g) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view showing during bleach (h) drawing of the calcareous ring showing radial and interradial plates subdivided (i) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view showing (IR 5) and (j) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view showing AB. Abbreviations: Middorsal interradial plate (IR5); AB, aquapharyngeal bulb attachment; RMA, retractor muscle attachment. R, radial plate; IR interradial plate. Plate identity follows the system established by Ludwig (1889–1892)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392926" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392926/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">Fig. 8f</figureCitation>
). Skin spiky, with spires of body wall tables protruding through, clearly visible to naked eye (
<figureCitation id="132A2A524B0C8137BFA76F1CFD91942F" box="[465,545,548,574]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1232,1256]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,505,1208]" captionTargetId="figure-358@6.[151,1436,505,1208]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 7. Selenkiella siamense Heding &amp; Panning, 1954, holotype (ZMUC-HOL 250). Ossicles from body wall (a–b) table in (a) top and (b) bottom view; (c–d) rosettes from introvert; (e) plates and (f) end plate from tube feet." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392924" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392924/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">Fig. 7c</figureCitation>
). Madreporite globular (
<figureCitation id="132A2A524B0C8137BD5B6F1CFCCC942F" box="[813,892,548,574]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1763,1787]" captionTargetBox="[166,1421,712,1730]" captionTargetId="figure-230@7.[161,1426,706,1739]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 8. Thorsonia sp. nov., holotype (ZMUC 324). (a) specimen in dorsal view; (b) retractor muscle (white arrow); (c) tables spikes from tube feet (white arrow); (d) detail from body wall with 4-armed tables; (e) madreporite; (f) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view showing the RMA attachment; (g) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view showing during bleach (h) drawing of the calcareous ring showing radial and interradial plates subdivided (i) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view showing (IR 5) and (j) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view showing AB. Abbreviations: Middorsal interradial plate (IR5); AB, aquapharyngeal bulb attachment; RMA, retractor muscle attachment. R, radial plate; IR interradial plate. Plate identity follows the system established by Ludwig (1889–1892)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392926" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392926/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">Fig. 8e</figureCitation>
). Calcareous ring tubular with long posterior processes; radial plates smaller than interradials, laterally connected to each other for most of their length (
<figureCitation id="132A2A524B0C8137BB7F6F70FAE69472" box="[1289,1366,584,611]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1763,1787]" captionTargetBox="[166,1421,712,1730]" captionTargetId="figure-230@7.[161,1426,706,1739]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 8. Thorsonia sp. nov., holotype (ZMUC 324). (a) specimen in dorsal view; (b) retractor muscle (white arrow); (c) tables spikes from tube feet (white arrow); (d) detail from body wall with 4-armed tables; (e) madreporite; (f) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view showing the RMA attachment; (g) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view showing during bleach (h) drawing of the calcareous ring showing radial and interradial plates subdivided (i) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view showing (IR 5) and (j) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view showing AB. Abbreviations: Middorsal interradial plate (IR5); AB, aquapharyngeal bulb attachment; RMA, retractor muscle attachment. R, radial plate; IR interradial plate. Plate identity follows the system established by Ludwig (1889–1892)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392926" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392926/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">Fig. 8f</figureCitation>
); both radial and interradial plates entirely subdivided (
<figureCitation id="132A2A524B0C8137BCDB6F54FCAC9496" box="[685,796,620,647]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1763,1787]" captionTargetBox="[166,1421,712,1730]" captionTargetId="figure-230@7.[161,1426,706,1739]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 8. Thorsonia sp. nov., holotype (ZMUC 324). (a) specimen in dorsal view; (b) retractor muscle (white arrow); (c) tables spikes from tube feet (white arrow); (d) detail from body wall with 4-armed tables; (e) madreporite; (f) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view showing the RMA attachment; (g) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view showing during bleach (h) drawing of the calcareous ring showing radial and interradial plates subdivided (i) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view showing (IR 5) and (j) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view showing AB. Abbreviations: Middorsal interradial plate (IR5); AB, aquapharyngeal bulb attachment; RMA, retractor muscle attachment. R, radial plate; IR interradial plate. Plate identity follows the system established by Ludwig (1889–1892)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392926" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392926/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">
Fig.
<quantity id="4CE99B324B0C8137BC976F54FD4F9497" box="[737,767,620,646]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="8.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" unit="g" value="8.0">8g</quantity>
, h
</figureCitation>
). MidIR (IR5) smaller than adjoining interradials (
<figureCitation id="132A2A524B0C8137BB3D6F54FA3F9496" box="[1355,1423,620,647]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1763,1787]" captionTargetBox="[166,1421,712,1730]" captionTargetId="figure-230@7.[161,1426,706,1739]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 8. Thorsonia sp. nov., holotype (ZMUC 324). (a) specimen in dorsal view; (b) retractor muscle (white arrow); (c) tables spikes from tube feet (white arrow); (d) detail from body wall with 4-armed tables; (e) madreporite; (f) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view showing the RMA attachment; (g) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view showing during bleach (h) drawing of the calcareous ring showing radial and interradial plates subdivided (i) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view showing (IR 5) and (j) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view showing AB. Abbreviations: Middorsal interradial plate (IR5); AB, aquapharyngeal bulb attachment; RMA, retractor muscle attachment. R, radial plate; IR interradial plate. Plate identity follows the system established by Ludwig (1889–1892)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392926" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392926/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">Fig.8i</figureCitation>
), midR (RI) not modified. Interradial plates tapering anteriorly (
<figureCitation id="132A2A524B0C8137BD376FA8FC1E94BA" box="[833,942,656,683]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1763,1787]" captionTargetBox="[166,1421,712,1730]" captionTargetId="figure-230@7.[161,1426,706,1739]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 8. Thorsonia sp. nov., holotype (ZMUC 324). (a) specimen in dorsal view; (b) retractor muscle (white arrow); (c) tables spikes from tube feet (white arrow); (d) detail from body wall with 4-armed tables; (e) madreporite; (f) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view showing the RMA attachment; (g) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view showing during bleach (h) drawing of the calcareous ring showing radial and interradial plates subdivided (i) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view showing (IR 5) and (j) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view showing AB. Abbreviations: Middorsal interradial plate (IR5); AB, aquapharyngeal bulb attachment; RMA, retractor muscle attachment. R, radial plate; IR interradial plate. Plate identity follows the system established by Ludwig (1889–1892)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392926" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392926/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">
Fig.
<quantity id="4CE99B324B0C8137BD026FA8FC2294BB" box="[884,914,656,682]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="8.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" unit="g" value="8.0">8g</quantity>
, h
</figureCitation>
). AB marginal grooves deep, broad (
<figureCitation id="132A2A524B0C8137BB366FA8FA3B94BA" box="[1344,1419,656,683]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1763,1787]" captionTargetBox="[166,1421,712,1730]" captionTargetId="figure-230@7.[161,1426,706,1739]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 8. Thorsonia sp. nov., holotype (ZMUC 324). (a) specimen in dorsal view; (b) retractor muscle (white arrow); (c) tables spikes from tube feet (white arrow); (d) detail from body wall with 4-armed tables; (e) madreporite; (f) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view showing the RMA attachment; (g) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view showing during bleach (h) drawing of the calcareous ring showing radial and interradial plates subdivided (i) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view showing (IR 5) and (j) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view showing AB. Abbreviations: Middorsal interradial plate (IR5); AB, aquapharyngeal bulb attachment; RMA, retractor muscle attachment. R, radial plate; IR interradial plate. Plate identity follows the system established by Ludwig (1889–1892)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392926" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392926/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">Fig. 8j</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF6E665F4B0C8137BEE16BDBFC2C91DA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392926" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6392926" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392926/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" startId="7.[151,250,1763,1787]" targetBox="[166,1421,712,1730]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="8BAE36D74B0C8137BEE16BDBFC2C91DA" blockId="7.[151,1436,1763,1995]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">
<emphasis id="B965EAC54B0C8137BEE16BDBFEA490EA" bold="true" box="[151,276,1763,1787]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C114D544B0C8137BF6B6BDBFE3590EA" authority="Martins &amp; Tavares, 2022" authorityName="Martins &amp; Tavares" authorityYear="2022" box="[285,389,1763,1787]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thorsonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B965EAC54B0C8137BF6B6BDBFE3590EA" box="[285,389,1763,1787]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">Thorsonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B965EAC54B0C8137BFFB6BDBFE6F90EA" bold="true" box="[397,479,1763,1787]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25657BE4B0C8137BFFB6BDBFE6F90EA" box="[397,479,1763,1787]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype (ZMUC 324). (a) specimen in dorsal view; (b) retractor muscle (white arrow); (c) tables spikes from tube feet (white arrow); (d) detail from body wall with 4-armed tables; (e) madreporite; (f) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view showing the RMA attachment; (g) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view showing during bleach (h) drawing of the calcareous ring showing radial and interradial plates subdivided (i) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view showing (IR 5) and (j) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view showing AB. Abbreviations: Middorsal interradial plate (IR5); AB, aquapharyngeal bulb attachment; RMA, retractor muscle attachment. R, radial plate; IR interradial plate. Plate identity follows the system established by
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B264B0C8137BCCB6A8BFCFD91DA" author="Ludwig, H." box="[701,845,1971,1995]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" pagination="377 - 460" refId="ref5943" refString="Ludwig, H. (1889 - 1892) Die Seewalzen. In: Bronn HG (Ed.), Klassen und Ordnungen des Thier-Reichs, wissenschaftlich dargestellt in Wort und Bild, vol. 2, Part 3: Echinodermen (Stachelhauter), First book. Leipzig: C. F. Winter. [1889: 1 - 176, pls. 1 - 8; 1890: 177 - 240, pls. 9 - 12; 1891: 241 - 376, pls. 13 - 17; 1892: 377 - 460]" type="journal article" year="1889">Ludwig (1889</bibRefCitation>
–1892).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BAE36D74B038138BEB16DAFFC669777" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,358]" pageId="8" pageNumber="567">
Body wall ossicles: tables and fusiform rods. tables with a 4- armed, perforated disc and a single solid central spire; arms entirely or partly perforated (200–350 μm long, 9a, b). Fusiform rods (200–800 μm long, 9c, d); perforated at the center and in the anal region two–pillared tables, with multilocular disc with a solid spire ending in a crown of spines (100–200 μm long
<figureCitation id="132A2A524B038138BC686C3BFD34970F" box="[542,644,259,286]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1448,1472]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,381,1425]" captionTargetId="figure-159@8.[151,1436,381,1425]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 9. Thorsonia sp. nov., holotype (ZMUC 324). Ossicles from body wall (a–f): (a–b) 4 armed tables; (c, d) fusiform rods; (e, f) tables from anal region; (g, h) tables from tentacles and introvert and tube feet table in lower view (i) and lateral view (j)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392928" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392928/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="567">Fig. 9e, f</figureCitation>
). Tentacles and introvert with tables with multilocular disc and a central solid spire ending in 2–3 spines, disc irregular in outline (80–100 μm long,
<figureCitation id="132A2A524B038138BD966C1FFBFE9753" box="[992,1102,295,322]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1448,1472]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,381,1425]" captionTargetId="figure-159@8.[151,1436,381,1425]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 9. Thorsonia sp. nov., holotype (ZMUC 324). Ossicles from body wall (a–f): (a–b) 4 armed tables; (c, d) fusiform rods; (e, f) tables from anal region; (g, h) tables from tentacles and introvert and tube feet table in lower view (i) and lateral view (j)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392928" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392928/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="567">
Fig.
<quantity id="4CE99B324B038138BA656C1FFB819750" box="[1043,1073,295,321]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="9.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="567" unit="g" value="9.0">9g</quantity>
, h
</figureCitation>
). Tube feet tables with arched disc and a central solid spire perforated at ends (50–80 μm long
<figureCitation id="132A2A524B038138BD116C73FC789777" box="[871,968,331,358]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1448,1472]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,381,1425]" captionTargetId="figure-159@8.[151,1436,381,1425]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 9. Thorsonia sp. nov., holotype (ZMUC 324). Ossicles from body wall (a–f): (a–b) 4 armed tables; (c, d) fusiform rods; (e, f) tables from anal region; (g, h) tables from tentacles and introvert and tube feet table in lower view (i) and lateral view (j)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392928" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392928/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="567">Fig. 9i, j</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF6E665F4B038138BEE16890FF5D9019" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392928" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6392928" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392928/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="567" startId="8.[151,250,1448,1472]" targetBox="[151,1436,381,1425]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="8BAE36D74B038138BEE16890FF5D9019" blockId="8.[151,1436,1448,1544]" pageId="8" pageNumber="567">
<emphasis id="B965EAC54B038138BEE16890FEA493D1" bold="true" box="[151,276,1448,1472]" pageId="8" pageNumber="567">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C114D544B038138BF6A6890FE3493D1" authority="Martins &amp; Tavares, 2022" authorityName="Martins &amp; Tavares" authorityYear="2022" box="[284,388,1448,1472]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thorsonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="8" pageNumber="567" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B965EAC54B038138BF6A6890FE3493D1" box="[284,388,1448,1472]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="567">Thorsonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B965EAC54B038138BFFA6890FE6E93D1" bold="true" box="[396,478,1448,1472]" pageId="8" pageNumber="567">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25657BE4B038138BFFA6890FE6E93D1" box="[396,478,1448,1472]" pageId="8" pageNumber="567" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype (ZMUC 324). Ossicles from body wall (a–f): (a–b) 4 armed tables; (c, d) fusiform rods; (e, f) tables from anal region; (g, h) tables from tentacles and introvert and tube feet table in lower view (i) and lateral view (j).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C30B655C4B038138BEB16B0EFC22915D" pageId="8" pageNumber="567" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BAE36D74B038138BEB16B0EFC22915D" blockId="8.[151,1437,1590,1869]" pageId="8" pageNumber="567">
<emphasis id="B965EAC54B038138BEB16B0EFE8B9041" bold="true" box="[199,315,1590,1616]" pageId="8" pageNumber="567">Remarks.</emphasis>
The new species is herein assigned to
<taxonomicName id="4C114D544B038138BD706B0EFB919041" authority="Heding, 1940" authorityName="Heding" authorityYear="1940" box="[774,1057,1590,1616]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thorsonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="8" pageNumber="567" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B965EAC54B038138BD706B0EFCC99041" box="[774,889,1590,1616]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="567">Thorsonia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B264B038138BDF56B0EFB919041" author="Heding, S. G." box="[899,1057,1590,1616]" pageId="8" pageNumber="567" pagination="113 - 137" refId="ref5781" refString="Heding, S. G. (1940) The holothurians of the Iranian Gulf, Danish Scientific Investigations in Iran, 2, 113 - 137." type="journal article" year="1940">Heding, 1940</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, whose diagnostic characters are readily recognized in the new species. They are as follows: Body U shaped. Ten dendritic tentacles, ventral pair reduced. Tube feet restricted to the ambulacra. Calcareous ring tubular with long posterior prolongations comprising a mosaic of a series of large pieces. Body wall ossicles: 2–5 armed tables with a central spire and smaller multilocular tables with high spire, and fusiform rods. Tube feet with arched tables. The new species differs from both,
<taxonomicName id="4C114D544B038138BEE16BD3FE9B9115" baseAuthorityName="Semper" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[151,299,1770,1796]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thorsonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="8" pageNumber="567" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="adversaria">
<emphasis id="B965EAC54B038138BEE16BD3FE9B9115" box="[151,299,1770,1796]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="567">T. adversaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C114D544B038138BF146BD3FDA59115" baseAuthorityName="Koehler &amp; Vaney" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[354,533,1771,1796]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thorsonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="8" pageNumber="567" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="investigatoris">
<emphasis id="B965EAC54B038138BF146BD3FDA59115" box="[354,533,1771,1796]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="567">T. investigatoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by possessing fusiform rods in the body wall (fig. 9c, d) (absent in
<taxonomicName id="4C114D544B038138BB7E6BD3FA2C9115" baseAuthorityName="Semper" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[1288,1436,1770,1796]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thorsonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="8" pageNumber="567" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="adversaria">
<emphasis id="B965EAC54B038138BB7E6BD3FA2C9115" box="[1288,1436,1770,1796]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="567">T. adversaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C114D544B038138BEB06A37FEC99139" baseAuthorityName="Koehler &amp; Vaney" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[198,377,1807,1832]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thorsonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="8" pageNumber="567" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="investigatoris">
<emphasis id="B965EAC54B038138BEB06A37FEC99139" box="[198,377,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="567">T. investigatoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). The new species also differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C114D544B038138BD7B6A37FC2E9139" authorityName="Heding" authorityYear="1940" box="[781,926,1806,1832]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thorsonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="8" pageNumber="567" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="fusiformis">
<emphasis id="B965EAC54B038138BD7B6A37FC2E9139" box="[781,926,1806,1832]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="567">T. fusiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having tube feet tables with solid spire (9j) whereas the tube feet tables have a perforated spire in
<emphasis id="B965EAC54B038138BC816A0BFC22915D" box="[759,914,1842,1868]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="567">
<taxonomicName id="4C114D544B038138BC816A0BFC3E915D" authorityName="Heding" authorityYear="1940" box="[759,910,1842,1868]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thorsonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="8" pageNumber="567" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="fusiformis">T. fusiformis</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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