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<mods:title id="340FF11B0D035A7B7140363106C13264">New and little-known species of the genus Lacon Laporte, 1838 (Coleoptera: Elateridae) of Afghanistan and adjacent countries</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3BD3716CF9BA0A1EC32B2838313F7C7A">Prosvirov, Alexander S.</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName id="4C364D68D834FFA6FF246B96FD8EB2B5" authority="Schimmel, 1998" authorityName="Schimmel" authorityYear="1998" box="[151,557,1195,1222]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Lacon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caeruleus">
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<emphasis id="B942EAF9D834FFA6FF246B96FEC3B2B6" bold="true" box="[151,352,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="287">Lacon caeruleus</emphasis>
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(
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,
<figureCitation id="130D2A6ED834FFA6FE816BF2FE05B294" box="[306,422,1231,1255]" captionStart="FIGURES 29 33" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1935,1958]" captionTargetBox="[227,1337,209,1882]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[202,1366,193,1901]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 29 33. Genitalia of Lacon species: aedeagus, ventral view (Figs. 29, 30); ovipositor, ventral view (Fig. 31); part of female genital tract, general view (Figs. 32, 33). 29, 31, 32. L. caeruleus (Afghanistan). 30. L. punctatus (Turkey). 33. L. punctatus (Morocco). Not to scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/263290/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="287">29, 31, 32</figureCitation>
).
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Material.
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:
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,
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: “Afghan.,
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,
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,
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” [NE
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,
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W
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<collectingDate id="EFCCE9C3D834FFA6FCDB6A06FBA2B320" box="[872,1025,1338,1363]" pageId="8" pageNumber="287" value="1972-07-18">18 July 1972</collectingDate>
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<collectorName id="26C3533DD834FFA6FBBC6A06FB17B320" box="[1039,1204,1338,1363]" pageId="8" pageNumber="287">O.N. Kabakov</collectorName>
leg.] (
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, OK)
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;
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: “Afghan.,
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,
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,
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” [E
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,
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,
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<collectingDate id="EFCCE9C3D834FFA6FD826ABEFCB3B3E8" box="[561,784,1410,1435]" pageId="8" pageNumber="287" value="1971-09-14">14 September 1971</collectingDate>
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<collectorName id="26C3533DD834FFA6FCAE6ABEFC63B3E8" box="[797,960,1410,1435]" pageId="8" pageNumber="287">O.N. Kabakov</collectorName>
leg.] (CKS)
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;
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,
<collectorName id="26C3533DD834FFA6FF246A9AFEEBB3CC" box="[151,328,1446,1471]" pageId="8" pageNumber="287">SW Čapa-Dara</collectorName>
,
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,
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<collectingDate id="EFCCE9C3D834FFA6FE736A9BFD90B3CC" box="[448,563,1446,1471]" pageId="8" pageNumber="287" value="1971-12-06">12.6.1971</collectingDate>
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<collectorName id="26C3533DD834FFA6FDF16A9BFD09B3CC" box="[578,682,1446,1471]" pageId="8" pageNumber="287">Kabakov</collectorName>
” [E
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,
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,
<collectorName id="26C3533DD834FFA6FBED6A9AFAD9B3CC" box="[1118,1402,1446,1471]" pageId="8" pageNumber="287">
SW
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of
<collectingRegion id="49F2F809D834FFA6FF246AF6FEE8B390" box="[151,331,1482,1507]" country="Afghanistan" name="Kunar" pageId="8" pageNumber="287">Kunar Province</collectingRegion>
,
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,
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<collectingDate id="EFCCE9C3D834FFA6FE0B6AF6FDF3B390" box="[440,592,1483,1507]" pageId="8" pageNumber="287" value="1971-06-12">12 June 1971</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26C3533DD834FFA6FDE86AF6FD5DB390" box="[603,766,1482,1507]" pageId="8" pageNumber="287">O.N. Kabakov</collectorName>
leg.] (
<collectionCode id="ED27AE2ED834FFA6FCF46AF6FC2BB390" box="[839,904,1483,1507]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/qy31-gen1" name="Christoffel Park Museum" pageId="8" pageNumber="287">CPM</collectionCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936EBD834FFA6FF746AD3FE71B058" blockId="8.[151,1437,1302,2011]" pageId="8" pageNumber="287">
This species was previously known only from one female, described from Nepal (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B1AD834FFA6FBEE6AD3FAB0B074" author="Schimmel" box="[1117,1299,1518,1543]" pageId="8" pageNumber="287" refString="Schimmel, R. (1998) Neue und wenig bekannte Elateriden sowie eine neue Gattung, Acumenator n. gen., aus Sudostasien (Insecta: Coleoptera, Elateridae). Mitteilungen der POLLICHIA, 85, 235 - 259." type="journal article" year="1998">Schimmel 1998</bibRefCitation>
). This is the first record for Afghanistan.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936EBD834FFA6FF74690BFAE1B170" blockId="8.[151,1437,1302,2011]" pageId="8" pageNumber="287">
<emphasis id="B942EAF9D834FFA6FF74690BFE49B03D" bold="true" box="[199,490,1590,1615]" pageId="8" pageNumber="287">Morphological remarks.</emphasis>
The females from
<collectingCountry id="F321767BD834FFA6FD70690BFCEFB03C" box="[707,844,1590,1615]" name="Afghanistan" pageId="8" pageNumber="287">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
are larger (the female from
<collectingRegion id="49F2F809D834FFA6FB3E690AFB70B03D" box="[1165,1235,1591,1614]" country="Afghanistan" name="Kunar" pageId="8" pageNumber="287">Kunar</collectingRegion>
Prov. is
<quantity id="4CCE9B0ED834FFA6FA84690AFA3FB03D" box="[1335,1436,1591,1615]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3699999999999999" pageId="8" pageNumber="287" unit="mm" value="13.7">13.7 mm</quantity>
long and
<quantity id="4CCE9B0ED834FFA6FF4C6966FEF6B001" box="[255,341,1627,1651]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" pageId="8" pageNumber="287" unit="mm" value="3.9">3.9 mm</quantity>
wide; the female from
<collectingRegion id="49F2F809D834FFA6FDE86967FD18B000" box="[603,699,1626,1651]" country="Afghanistan" name="Nuristan" pageId="8" pageNumber="287">Nuristan</collectingRegion>
Prov. is
<quantity id="4CCE9B0ED834FFA6FCAD6967FC21B001" box="[798,898,1626,1651]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.46" pageId="8" pageNumber="287" unit="mm" value="14.6">14.6 mm</quantity>
long and 4.0 mm wide) than the specimen from
<collectingCountry id="F321767BD834FFA6FF246943FF79B0E4" box="[151,218,1662,1687]" name="Nepal" pageId="8" pageNumber="287">Nepal</collectingCountry>
(according to the original description, it is
<quantity id="4CCE9B0ED834FFA6FD0E6942FC82B0E5" box="[701,801,1663,1687]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.28" pageId="8" pageNumber="287" unit="mm" value="12.8">12.8 mm</quantity>
long and
<quantity id="4CCE9B0ED834FFA6FC3C6942FC46B0E5" box="[911,997,1663,1687]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="8" pageNumber="287" unit="mm" value="3.4">3.4 mm</quantity>
wide). According to
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B1AD834FFA6FB616943FA34B0E4" author="Schimmel" box="[1234,1431,1662,1687]" pageId="8" pageNumber="287" refString="Schimmel, R. (1998) Neue und wenig bekannte Elateriden sowie eine neue Gattung, Acumenator n. gen., aus Sudostasien (Insecta: Coleoptera, Elateridae). Mitteilungen der POLLICHIA, 85, 235 - 259." type="journal article" year="1998">Schimmel (1998)</bibRefCitation>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C364D68D834FFA6FF24699EFE82B0C8" box="[151,289,1699,1723]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Lacon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caeruleus">
<emphasis id="B942EAF9D834FFA6FF24699EFE82B0C8" box="[151,289,1699,1723]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="287">L. caeruleus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has the pronotal hind angle with weakly visible carina; however, the studied specimens have acarinate hind angles of the pronotum. In other respects, specimens from
<collectingRegion id="49F2F809D834FFA6FC2D69FAFC47B0AD" box="[926,996,1735,1758]" country="Afghanistan" name="Kunar" pageId="8" pageNumber="287">Kunar</collectingRegion>
Prov. comply well with the original description; the female from
<collectingRegion id="49F2F809D834FFA6FE6F69D7FD9FB170" box="[476,572,1770,1795]" country="Afghanistan" name="Nuristan" pageId="8" pageNumber="287">Nuristan</collectingRegion>
Prov. differs in the flatter pronotum and longer pronotal hind angles.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936EBD834FFA6FF746833FAC2B154" blockId="8.[151,1437,1302,2011]" box="[199,1377,1806,1831]" pageId="8" pageNumber="287">The original description is rather short, so I add some notes on several omitted morphological characters:</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936EBD834FFA5FF74680FFEDEB6A7" blockId="8.[151,1437,1302,2011]" lastBlockId="11.[151,1437,151,1328]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="290" pageId="8" pageNumber="287">
<emphasis id="B942EAF9D834FFA6FF74680FFEF6B138" bold="true" box="[199,341,1842,1867]" pageId="8" pageNumber="287">
<emphasis id="B942EAF9D834FFA6FF74680FFEEDB138" bold="true" box="[199,334,1842,1867]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="287">Pubescence</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
The body is covered with dense, cobalt blue scale-like setae (the specimen from Kamdesh Distr. has rather dull blue scale-like setae) and sparse whitish ones (
<figureCitation id="130D2A6ED834FFA6FCE7686BFC09B11C" box="[852,938,1878,1903]" captionStart="FIGURES 24 28" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1921,1944]" captionTargetBox="[185,1407,203,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1435,193,1901]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 24 28. Habitus of Lacon species, dorsal view. 24, 27. L. caeruleus, male (11.5 mm; in Fig. 27 shown part of pronotum and head). 25. L. caeruleus, female (14.6 mm; Afghanistan, Nuristan). 26. L. caeruleus, female (13.7 mm; Afghanistan, Kunar). 28. L. punctatus, female (17 mm; Morocco). Not to scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/263289/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="287">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis id="B942EAF9D834FFA6FC0D686BFBA6B11C" bold="true" box="[958,1029,1878,1903]" pageId="8" pageNumber="287">Head.</emphasis>
The mandible has a tooth.
<emphasis id="B942EAF9D834FFA6FA8F686BFA3FB11C" bold="true" box="[1340,1436,1878,1903]" pageId="8" pageNumber="287">Thorax.</emphasis>
The prosternal sutures are deeply grooved almost to procoxal cavities. The metaventrite medially has a narrow and rather deep impression extended almost over its entire length; metepisternum is rather broad, narrowed towards the posterior margin. The scutellum is shortly tongue-shaped, weakly depressed from sides in anterior 1/3 and punctate similarly to the elytra, its anterior margin is weakly emarginate medially. The elytra have no striae, their punctation is more or less even.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF496663D835FFA7FF2468BCFC1FB1A6" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/263289/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="288" targetBox="[185,1407,203,1885]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="8B8936EBD835FFA7FF2468BCFC1FB1A6" blockId="9.[151,1436,1921,2005]" pageId="9" pageNumber="288">
<emphasis id="B942EAF9D835FFA7FF2468BCFEF4B1E4" bold="true" box="[151,343,1921,1944]" pageId="9" pageNumber="288">FIGURES 2428.</emphasis>
Habitus of
<taxonomicName id="4C364D68D835FFA7FE6B68BEFDB4B1EB" box="[472,535,1923,1944]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Lacon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="288" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B942EAF9D835FFA7FE6B68BEFDB4B1EB" box="[472,535,1923,1944]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="288">Lacon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species, dorsal view.
<emphasis id="B942EAF9D835FFA7FCB168BFFCE8B1E4" bold="true" box="[770,843,1922,1943]" pageId="9" pageNumber="288">24, 27.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C364D68D835FFA7FCE668BEFC75B1E4" box="[853,982,1922,1944]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Lacon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="288" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caeruleus">
<emphasis id="B942EAF9D835FFA7FCE668BEFC75B1E4" box="[853,982,1922,1944]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="288">L. caeruleus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, male (11.5 mm; in Fig. 27 shown part of pronotum and head).
<emphasis id="B942EAF9D835FFA7FE30689CFE00B1C5" bold="true" box="[387,419,1953,1974]" pageId="9" pageNumber="288">25.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C364D68D835FFA7FE1C689FFD97B1C5" box="[431,564,1953,1975]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Lacon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="288" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caeruleus">
<emphasis id="B942EAF9D835FFA7FE1C689FFD97B1C5" box="[431,564,1953,1975]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="288">L. caeruleus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, female (14.6 mm; Afghanistan, Nuristan).
<emphasis id="B942EAF9D835FFA7FBA4689CFB94B1C5" bold="true" box="[1047,1079,1953,1974]" pageId="9" pageNumber="288">26.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C364D68D835FFA7FBF0689FFB65B1C5" box="[1091,1222,1953,1975]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Lacon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="288" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caeruleus">
<emphasis id="B942EAF9D835FFA7FBF0689FFB65B1C5" box="[1091,1222,1953,1975]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="288">L. caeruleus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, female (13.7 mm; Afghanistan, Kunar).
<emphasis id="B942EAF9D835FFA7FEC76882FE30B1A7" bold="true" box="[372,403,1983,2004]" pageId="9" pageNumber="288">28.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C364D68D835FFA7FE2A68FDFDB4B1A6" box="[409,535,1984,2005]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Lacon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="288" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctatus">
<emphasis id="B942EAF9D835FFA7FE2A68FDFDB4B1A6" box="[409,535,1984,2005]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="288">L. punctatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, female (17 mm; Morocco). Not to scale.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF496663D836FFA4FF2468B2FE5BB190" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/263290/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="289" targetBox="[227,1337,209,1882]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="8B8936EBD836FFA4FF2468B2FE5BB190" blockId="10.[151,1437,1935,2019]" pageId="10" pageNumber="289">
<emphasis id="B942EAF9D836FFA4FF2468B2FEF7B1D6" bold="true" box="[151,340,1935,1958]" pageId="10" pageNumber="289">FIGURES 2933.</emphasis>
Genitalia of
<taxonomicName id="4C364D68D836FFA4FE6A68ACFDBBB1D5" box="[473,536,1937,1958]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Lacon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="289" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B942EAF9D836FFA4FE6A68ACFDBBB1D5" box="[473,536,1937,1958]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="289">Lacon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species: aedeagus, ventral view (Figs. 29, 30); ovipositor, ventral view (Fig. 31); part of female genital tract, general view (Figs. 32, 33).
<emphasis id="B942EAF9D836FFA4FD2C6892FCB2B1B7" bold="true" box="[671,785,1967,1988]" pageId="10" pageNumber="289">29, 31, 32.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C364D68D836FFA4FCA8688DFB96B1B6" authority="(Afghanistan)" baseAuthorityName="Afghanistan" box="[795,1077,1967,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Lacon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="289" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caeruleus">
<emphasis id="B942EAF9D836FFA4FCA8688DFC3FB1B7" box="[795,924,1967,1989]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="289">L. caeruleus</emphasis>
(Afghanistan)
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="B942EAF9D836FFA4FBF16892FBC1B1B7" bold="true" box="[1090,1122,1967,1988]" pageId="10" pageNumber="289">30.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C364D68D836FFA4FBD8688DFAF2B1B6" authority="(Turkey)" baseAuthorityName="Turkey" box="[1131,1361,1967,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Lacon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="289" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctatus">
<emphasis id="B942EAF9D836FFA4FBD8688DFB4FB1B6" box="[1131,1260,1968,1989]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="289">L. punctatus</emphasis>
(Turkey)
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="B942EAF9D836FFA4FAED6892FADDB1B7" bold="true" box="[1374,1406,1967,1988]" pageId="10" pageNumber="289">33.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C364D68D836FFA4FA34688DFECCB190" authority="(Morocco)" baseAuthorityName="Morocco" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Lacon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="289" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctatus">
<emphasis id="B942EAF9D836FFA4FA34688DFF59B190" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="289">L. punctatus</emphasis>
(Morocco)
</taxonomicName>
. Not to scale.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B8936EBD837FFA5FF746FE2FD1AB74C" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1328]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">
The
<emphasis id="B942EAF9D837FFA5FF496FE2FE97B68B" bold="true" box="[250,308,223,248]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">male</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="130D2A6ED837FFA5FEF66FE2FE34B68B" box="[325,407,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 24 28" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1921,1944]" captionTargetBox="[185,1407,203,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1435,193,1901]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 24 28. Habitus of Lacon species, dorsal view. 24, 27. L. caeruleus, male (11.5 mm; in Fig. 27 shown part of pronotum and head). 25. L. caeruleus, female (14.6 mm; Afghanistan, Nuristan). 26. L. caeruleus, female (13.7 mm; Afghanistan, Kunar). 28. L. punctatus, female (17 mm; Morocco). Not to scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/263289/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
) differs from the female as follows: the body is smaller and slenderer (it is 11.50 long and
<quantity id="4CCE9B0ED837FFA5FF246E39FF5FB76F" box="[151,252,260,285]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.35" pageId="11" pageNumber="290" unit="mm" value="3.35">3.35 mm</quantity>
wide); the pronotum is flatter. Unfortunately, the antennae of this specimen are damaged so I only could give a description of the first four antennomeres.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936EBD837FFA5FF746E71FBCEB7A3" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1328]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">Antennomere 1 is long and dilated; antennomere 2 is globose, less than half as long as antennomere 3; antennomere 3 is elongate, slightly prominent at apex; antennomere 4 is 0.9 times as long as antennomere 3 (ratio of length/width of antennomeres from 1 to 4 as 2.5; 1; 1.8; 1.7, respectively). Antennomeres are covered with recumbent and sparse erect setae. In all other respects, the male is similar to the female.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936EBD837FFA5FF746EE1FB77B786" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1328]" box="[199,1236,476,501]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">The structure of the genitalia of both sexes is unknown, so I give a brief description of them.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936EBD837FFA5FF746EC2FF79B4F6" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1328]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">
<emphasis id="B942EAF9D837FFA5FF746EC2FE94B46B" bold="true" box="[199,311,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">Aedeagus</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="130D2A6ED837FFA5FEFB6EC2FE3FB46B" box="[328,412,511,536]" captionStart="FIGURES 29 33" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1935,1958]" captionTargetBox="[227,1337,209,1882]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[202,1366,193,1901]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 29 33. Genitalia of Lacon species: aedeagus, ventral view (Figs. 29, 30); ovipositor, ventral view (Fig. 31); part of female genital tract, general view (Figs. 32, 33). 29, 31, 32. L. caeruleus (Afghanistan). 30. L. punctatus (Turkey). 33. L. punctatus (Morocco). Not to scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/263290/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
). The aedeagus is typical, trilobate. Parameres are slightly shorter than the penis, weakly broadened at basal 1/2, slightly expanded at about the anterior 1/4, with a tooth, narrowly rounded at the apex. The penis is relatively slender, distinctly tapering to the apex; its apophyses are short, about 0.3 times as long as the penis.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32C6560D837FFA5FF746DB2FD44B343" pageId="11" pageNumber="290" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8936EBD837FFA5FF746DB2FCB2B54B" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1328]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">
<emphasis id="B942EAF9D837FFA5FF746DB2FE2EB4DB" bold="true" box="[199,397,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">Female genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="130D2A6ED837FFA5FE2C6DB2FD88B4DB" box="[415,555,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURES 29 33" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1935,1958]" captionTargetBox="[227,1337,209,1882]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[202,1366,193,1901]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 29 33. Genitalia of Lacon species: aedeagus, ventral view (Figs. 29, 30); ovipositor, ventral view (Fig. 31); part of female genital tract, general view (Figs. 32, 33). 29, 31, 32. L. caeruleus (Afghanistan). 30. L. punctatus (Turkey). 33. L. punctatus (Morocco). Not to scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/263290/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">Figs. 31, 32</figureCitation>
). The ovipositor is relatively long; baculum long, strongly sclerotized (ratio length baculum/length ovipositor 0.82); coxite rather strongly sclerotized, with several setae, narrowed to apex, with rather long, distinct stylus. The bursa copulatrix has the large sclerotized plate typical of the genus bearing short spinules and long spines; distally with a small sclerotized plate bearing short spinules; the walls of the bursa copulatrix are more or less evidently weakly sclerotized.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936EBD837FFA5FF746C79FB73B2B6" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1328]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">
<emphasis id="B942EAF9D837FFA5FF746C79FE1FB52E" bold="true" box="[199,444,836,861]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">Systematic remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C364D68D837FFA5FE766C78FDF2B52F" box="[453,593,836,860]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Lacon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="290" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caeruleus">
<emphasis id="B942EAF9D837FFA5FE766C78FDF2B52F" box="[453,593,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">L. caeruleus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is very similar to the nominotypical subspecies of
<taxonomicName id="4C364D68D837FFA5FB296C78FE9FB5F3" authority="Herbst, 1779" authorityName="Herbst" authorityYear="1779" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Lacon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="290" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="punctatus" subSpecies="punctatus">
<emphasis id="B942EAF9D837FFA5FB296C78FA3FB52F" box="[1178,1436,837,860]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">L. punctatus punctatus</emphasis>
(Herbst, 1779)
</taxonomicName>
, which is widely distributed in the West Palaearctic and in North Africa, but differs in the shape and proportions of the body, color of the pubescence, shape of the male genitalia, and some minor characters (
<figureCitation id="130D2A6ED837FFA5FA896CB1FA34B5D7" box="[1338,1431,908,933]" captionStart="FIGURES 24 28" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1921,1944]" captionTargetBox="[185,1407,203,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1435,193,1901]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 24 28. Habitus of Lacon species, dorsal view. 24, 27. L. caeruleus, male (11.5 mm; in Fig. 27 shown part of pronotum and head). 25. L. caeruleus, female (14.6 mm; Afghanistan, Nuristan). 26. L. caeruleus, female (13.7 mm; Afghanistan, Kunar). 28. L. punctatus, female (17 mm; Morocco). Not to scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/263289/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">Figs. 28</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="130D2A6ED837FFA5FF246C8DFF40B5BB" box="[151,227,944,968]" captionStart="FIGURES 29 33" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1935,1958]" captionTargetBox="[227,1337,209,1882]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[202,1366,193,1901]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 29 33. Genitalia of Lacon species: aedeagus, ventral view (Figs. 29, 30); ovipositor, ventral view (Fig. 31); part of female genital tract, general view (Figs. 32, 33). 29, 31, 32. L. caeruleus (Afghanistan). 30. L. punctatus (Turkey). 33. L. punctatus (Morocco). Not to scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/263290/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">30, 33</figureCitation>
). At the same time, the distinctive body shape of
<taxonomicName id="4C364D68D837FFA5FC9A6C8CFC15B5BB" box="[809,950,944,968]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Lacon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="290" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caeruleus">
<emphasis id="B942EAF9D837FFA5FC9A6C8CFC15B5BB" box="[809,950,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">L. caeruleus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is very similar to the one of
<taxonomicName id="4C364D68D837FFA5FABD6C8CFE42B59F" authority="Della Beffa, 1931" authorityName="Della Beffa" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Lacon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="290" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="punctatus" subSpecies="oblongus">
<emphasis id="B942EAF9D837FFA5FABD6C8CFF5DB59F" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">L. punctatus oblongus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B1AD837FFA5FEBF6CE9FE7BB59F" author="Della" box="[268,472,980,1005]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290" refString="Della Beffa, G. (1931) Insetti del Kashmir raccolti dal Dott. Cesare Calciati nella spedizione Mario Piacenza (1913). In: Himalaia Cashmiriano. Spedizione Mario Piacenza. Appendice quinta. Zoologia. Vol. 1. Rizzoli &amp; C, Milan, pp. 173 - 187." type="book" year="1931">Della Beffa, 1931</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, which is known only from the very brief original description from “Kashmir” (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B1AD837FFA5FAEE6CE9FEBBB263" author="Della" pageId="11" pageNumber="290" refString="Della Beffa, G. (1931) Insetti del Kashmir raccolti dal Dott. Cesare Calciati nella spedizione Mario Piacenza (1913). In: Himalaia Cashmiriano. Spedizione Mario Piacenza. Appendice quinta. Zoologia. Vol. 1. Rizzoli &amp; C, Milan, pp. 173 - 187." type="book" year="1931">Della Beffa 1931</bibRefCitation>
). Such important characters as the color of the pubescence of the body or the structure of the genitalia are not mentioned in this description, so
<taxonomicName id="4C364D68D837FFA5FDD56B20FCC3B247" box="[614,864,1052,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Lacon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="290" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="punctatus" subSpecies="oblongus">
<emphasis id="B942EAF9D837FFA5FDD56B20FCC3B247" box="[614,864,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">L. punctatus oblongus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a rather enigmatic taxon. Moreover, the present location of the
<typeStatus id="548D8849D837FFA5FEF66B7DFED6B22B" box="[325,373,1088,1112]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">type</typeStatus>
material of this species is unknown, as it is absent in the collection of Della Beffa, which is stored in the Museo Civico di Storia Naturale in Verona (L. Latella and G. Platia,
<emphasis id="B942EAF9D837FFA5FBAE6B58FB06B20F" box="[1053,1189,1125,1148]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">pers. comm.</emphasis>
). It is highly probable that this taxon is a separate species, as its distribution is quite different from the range of the nominotypical
<taxonomicName id="4C364D68D837FFA5FA366BB4FEDBB2B7" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Lacon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="290" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="punctatus" subSpecies="punctatus">
<emphasis id="B942EAF9D837FFA5FA366BB4FEDBB2B7" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">L. punctatus punctatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but its true systematic position and relation to
<taxonomicName id="4C364D68D837FFA5FC3F6B90FBB5B2B7" box="[908,1046,1196,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Lacon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="290" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caeruleus">
<emphasis id="B942EAF9D837FFA5FC3F6B90FBB5B2B7" box="[908,1046,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">L. caeruleus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are still unclear.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936EBD837FFA5FF746BECFD44B343" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1328]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">
It should be noted that
<taxonomicName id="4C364D68D837FFA5FE7F6BECFDFBB29B" box="[460,600,1233,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Lacon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="290" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctatus">
<emphasis id="B942EAF9D837FFA5FE7F6BECFDFBB29B" box="[460,600,1233,1256]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">L. punctatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was recently rather unexpectedly recorded from the Balochistan Province of Pakistan (Akhter
<emphasis id="B942EAF9D837FFA5FEC86BC8FE17B37F" box="[379,436,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">et al.</emphasis>
2012a;
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B1AD837FFA5FDBC6BC8FD1DB37F" author="Naz" box="[527,702,1268,1292]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290" refString="Naz, S., Akhter, M. A. &amp; Rizvi, S. A. (2012) The click-beetles (Coleoptera: Elateridae) of Pakistan. The subfamily Agrypninae Candeze, 1857. LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing GmbH &amp; Co. KG, Saarbrucken, 159 pp." type="book" year="2012">
Naz
<emphasis id="B942EAF9D837FFA5FDF76BC8FDDEB37F" box="[580,637,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">et al.</emphasis>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
) but without any detailed comments. This record probably refers to another species, so it requires further clarification.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>