527 lines
73 KiB
XML
527 lines
73 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="5456485E08E73A60B2BAF84C66A1E9B2">Revision of Epironastes Carne, 1957 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae Pentodontini: Pseudoryctina) with description of the female, behaviours, and habitats</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="EC88AFC5CA632B5456ED43A166264C46">Hutchinson, Paul M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="CEB5C3EF70DDB7626FBEEB7EE1BDF862">Department of Agriculture and Food WA (Quarantine WA), Locked Bag 69, Welshpool DC, Western Australia, 6986, Australia. paul. hutchinson @ dpird. wa. gov. au; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8747 - 1320</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="BACBB562F2BB5192FFF9C84B96CE503A" type="email">paul.hutchinson@dpird.wa.gov.au</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="7D32C44EA6BB4212391E6F62BB9FD803">Allsopp, Peter G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="01C83B5193915A7AB7C80AC38698EE35">Queensland Museum, PO Box 3300, South Brisbane, Queensland, 4101, Australia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="CBA3551015227D6B5A1B5D91578AE8FC">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="30BA9D1F6CEED6AA562C8D08325966DA">2020</mods:date>
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<taxonomicName id="4C364D44FFA4CF14F5FFFC0489785EA0" authority="Carne, 1957" authorityName="Carne" authorityYear="1957" box="[151,569,978,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Epironastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abruptus">
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<emphasis id="B942EAD5FFA4CF14F5FFFC0489785EA0" bold="true" box="[151,569,978,1005]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">
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<emphasis id="B942EAD5FFA4CF14F5FFFC048ADB5EA1" bold="true" box="[151,410,978,1005]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">Epironastes abruptus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B36FFA4CF14F4C9FC0589785EA0" author="Carne, P. B." box="[417,569,978,1004]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" refId="ref9996" refString="Carne, P. B. (1957) A Systematic Revision of the Australian Dynastinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Melbourne, 284 pp." type="book" year="1957">Carne, 1957</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph id="8B8936C7FFA4CF14F5FFFC208A0B595D" blockId="2.[151,569,978,1041]" box="[151,330,1014,1041]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">
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(
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<figureCitation id="130D2A42FFA4CF14F5F7FC208A58595D" box="[159,281,1015,1041]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1–2" captionStart-1="FIGURES 3–10" captionStart-2="FIGURES 11–16" captionStart-3="FIGURES 17-18" captionStartId-0="3.[151,264,1486,1510]" captionStartId-1="4.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionStartId-2="5.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionStartId-3="6.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1435,558,1460]" captionTargetBox-1="[181,1404,193,1919]" captionTargetBox-2="[180,1401,181,1919]" captionTargetBox-3="[181,1406,285,1920]" captionTargetId-0="figure-198@3.[151,1435,558,1460]" captionTargetId-1="figure-19@4.[181,1407,181,1920]" captionTargetId-2="figure-25@5.[180,1408,181,1919]" captionTargetId-3="figure-19@6.[181,1406,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionTargetPageId-2="5" captionTargetPageId-3="6" captionText-0="FIGURES 1–2. Epironastes abruptus Carne, 1957, holotype male. 1, dorsum; 2, labels." captionText-1="FIGURES 3–10. Epironastes abruptus Carne, 1957, male specimen #0465. 3, dorsum; 4, venter; 5, lateral; 6, head, lateral; 7, head, dorsal; 8, pygidium; 9, parameres; 10, aedeagus, lateral." captionText-2="FIGURES 11–16. Epironastes abruptus Carne, 1957, female specimen #0464. 11, dorsum; 12, venter; 13, lateral; 14, head, lateral; 15, head, dorsal; 16, head and pronotum, frontal." captionText-3="FIGURES 17-18. Epironastes abruptus Carne, 1957 habitat near Ravensthorpe. 17, landscape view; 18, soil pit with almostimpenetrable layer." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410043" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410045" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410047" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410049" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4410043/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4410045/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/4410047/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/4410049/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">Figs. 1–18</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="130D2A42FFA4CF14F44DFC218A03595D" box="[293,322,1014,1041]" captionStart="FIGURE 56" captionStartId="18.[151,250,2003,2027]" captionTargetBox="[177,1411,1209,1980]" captionTargetId="figure-471@18.[177,1411,1209,1980]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 56. Known distribution of Epironastes species in southern Western Australia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410071" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4410071/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">56</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32C654CFFA4CF14F5FFFBEB8E71593D" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" type="reference_group">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9710D6FFA4CF14F5FFFBEB8965591F" author="Carne, P. B." box="[151,548,1083,1107]" page="127" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" year="1957">
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<taxonomicName id="4C364D44FFA4CF14F5FFFBEB8965591F" authority="Carne, 1957: 127" authorityName="Carne" authorityPageNumber="127" authorityYear="1957" box="[151,548,1083,1107]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Epironastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abruptus">
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<emphasis id="B942EAD5FFA4CF14F5FFFBEB8A2E591F" box="[151,367,1083,1107]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">Epironastes abruptus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B36FFA4CF14F41DFBEC8965591F" author="Carne, P. B." box="[373,548,1083,1107]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" refId="ref9996" refString="Carne, P. B. (1957) A Systematic Revision of the Australian Dynastinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Melbourne, 284 pp." type="book" year="1957">Carne, 1957: 127</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Figs. 327,
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<specimenCount id="9D30FD4EFFA4CF14F7F4FBEC899A591F" box="[668,731,1083,1107]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" type="male">329 ♂</specimenCount>
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genitalia; Fig.
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<specimenCount id="9D30FD4EFFA4CF14F61BFBEC88F3591F" box="[883,946,1083,1107]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" type="male">333 ♂</specimenCount>
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head; Map 17);
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9710D6FFA4CF14F130FBEC8E4B591F" author="Endrodi, S." box="[1112,1290,1083,1107]" page="38" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" year="1974">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B36FFA4CF14F130FBEC8E4B591F" author="Endrodi, S." box="[1112,1290,1083,1107]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" pagination="17 - 70" refId="ref10164" refString="Endrodi, S. (1974) Monographie der Dynastinae 4. Tribus: Pentodontini von Australien und Neu-Zeeland (Coleoptera). Folia Entomologica Hungarica, Series Nova, 27, 17 - 70." type="journal article" year="1974">Endrődi 1974: 38</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, 65 (
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<figureCitation id="130D2A42FFA4CF14F053FBEC8EC2591F" box="[1339,1411,1083,1107]" captionStart="FIGURES 43–50" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[172,1415,217,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-25@15.[172,1415,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 43–50. Epironastes nigrisetosus Carne, 1957, male, Dempster Inlet specimen. 43, dorsum; 44, venter; 45, lateral; 46, head, lateral; 47, head, dorsal; 48, pygidium; 49, parameres; 50, aedeagus, lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4410065/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">
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Fig.
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<specimenCount id="9D30FD4EFFA4CF14F002FBEC8EC2591F" box="[1386,1411,1083,1107]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" type="male">50</specimenCount>
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</figureCitation>
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♂ parameres);
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9710D6FFA4CF14F42DFB8D8942593E" author="Endrodi, S." box="[325,515,1114,1138]" page="382" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" year="1985">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B36FFA4CF14F42DFB8D8942593E" author="Endrodi, S." box="[325,515,1114,1138]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" refId="ref10200" refString="Endrodi, S. (1985) The Dynastinae of the World. Junk, Dordrecht, 800 pp." type="book" year="1985">Endrődi 1985: 382</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(Fig. 1397
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<specimenCount id="9D30FD4EFFA4CF14F711FB8D89CD593D" box="[633,652,1114,1137]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
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parameres);
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9710D6FFA4CF14F679FB8D8F50593E" author="Cassis, G. & Weir, T. A." box="[785,1041,1114,1138]" page="400" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" year="1992">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B36FFA4CF14F679FB8D8F50593E" author="Cassis, G. & Weir, T. A." box="[785,1041,1114,1138]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" refId="ref10030" refString="Cassis, G. & Weir, T. A. (1992) Dynastinae. In: Houston, W. W. K. (ed), Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea. Volume 9. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, pp. 383 - 425." type="book" year="1992">Cassis & Weir 1992: 400</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9710D6FFA4CF14F174FB8D8FB3593E" author="Dechambre, R-P." box="[1052,1266,1114,1138]" page="68" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" year="2005">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B36FFA4CF14F174FB8D8FB3593E" author="Dechambre, R-P." box="[1052,1266,1114,1138]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" refId="ref10085" refString="Dechambre, R-P. (2005) Les Coleopteres du Monde. Vol. 30. Dynastidae Australiens et Oceaniens. Hillside Books, Canterbury, 132 pp." type="book" year="2005">Dechambre 2005: 68</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, map.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32C654CFFA4CF14F5FFFB778FC35B9A" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B8936C7FFA4CF14F5FFFB7789A7584E" blockId="2.[151,1437,1183,2039]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">
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<emphasis id="B942EAD5FFA4CF14F5FFFB778A6359F6" bold="true" box="[151,290,1184,1210]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">Type series.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B5E3C9AFFA4CF14F441FB7789A7584E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3031275343" accessionNumber="E88679" collectionCode="WAM" determinerName="P. B. Carne" latitude="-32.9813" location="Western Australian Museum Entomology Reg. No." longLatPrecision="6" longitude="121.644" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="548D8865FFA4CF14F441FB778AD059F6" box="[297,401,1184,1210]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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<specimenCount id="9D30FD4EFFA4CF14F4FFFB768AED59F7" box="[407,428,1185,1211]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
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(by original designation): 43-565 Salmon Gums [
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<geoCoordinate id="EE025000FFA4CF14F6BEFB778F1059F6" box="[982,1105,1184,1210]" degrees="32.9813" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" precision="5" value="-32.9813">32.9813°S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE025000FFA4CF14F134FB488FA459F6" box="[1116,1253,1183,1210]" degrees="121.6440" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" precision="5" value="121.644">121.6440°E</geoCoordinate>
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] // Type // Holotype
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<specimenCount id="9D30FD4EFFA4CF14F5A5FB128BA35993" box="[205,226,1221,1247]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
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<taxonomicName id="4C364D44FFA4CF14F580FB138A915992" authorityName="Carne" authorityYear="1957" box="[232,464,1220,1246]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Epironastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abruptus">Epironastes abruptus</taxonomicName>
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mihi
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||
<determinerName id="7E55DA03FFA4CF14F767FB1289C45992" box="[527,645,1220,1247]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">P.B. Carne</determinerName>
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det. 1952 //
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<location id="8EE9601CFFA4CF14F663FB128E015993" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039F87D1FFA4CF11F5FFFC048A145E11:8EE9601CFFA4CF14F663FB128E015993" box="[779,1344,1220,1247]" latitude="-32.9813" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="121.644" name="Western Australian Museum Entomology Reg. No." pageId="2" pageNumber="430">Western Australian Museum Entomology Reg. No.</location>
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<accessionNumber id="9465AB24FFA4CF14F02DFB138EDD5992" box="[1349,1436,1220,1246]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/E88679" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" type="EnaNcbi">E88679</accessionNumber>
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// genitalia on card [in
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<collectionCode id="ED27AE02FFA4CF14F4FDFB3F8A9D584E" box="[405,476,1256,1282]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34981" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34981" name="Western Australian Museum" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" type="Museum">WAM</collectionCode>
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, examined] (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130D2A42FFA4CF14F705FB3F8998584E" box="[621,729,1256,1282]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–2" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1486,1510]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,558,1460]" captionTargetId="figure-198@3.[151,1435,558,1460]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–2. Epironastes abruptus Carne, 1957, holotype male. 1, dorsum; 2, labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410043" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4410043/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">Figs. 1–2</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8936C7FFA4CF14F5AFFADB891858DE" blockId="2.[151,1437,1183,2039]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="548D8865FFA4CF14F594FADA8A6D586B" box="[252,300,1293,1319]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality was given by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B36FFA4CF14F75CFADB8985586A" author="Koch, L. E." box="[564,708,1292,1318]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" pagination="295 - 326" refId="ref10293" refString="Koch, L. E. (1980) The primary types of Arachnida, Chilopoda, Diplopoda, Insecta, Onychophora and Pycnogonida in the Western Australian Museum. Records of the Western Australian Museum, 8, 295 - 326." type="journal article" year="1980">Koch (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as “43-565, A.K. Brown; col.
|
||
<date id="FF881007FFA4CF14F14FFADB8FDD586A" box="[1063,1180,1292,1318]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" value="1943-07-08">8.vii.1943</date>
|
||
; Salmon Gums, W.A.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE025000FFA4CF14F5FFFAE78BB75807" box="[151,246,1328,1355]" degrees="32" direction="south" minutes="59" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" precision="925" value="-32.983334">32°59’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE025000FFA4CF14F46AFAE78A2E5806" box="[258,367,1328,1354]" degrees="121" direction="east" minutes="39" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" precision="925" value="121.65">121°39’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
” and in the WAM specimen register entry for 43-559 to 43-567 [559th to 567th specimens entered for 1943] states “Mrs A.K. Brown Salmon Gums, a fly (9)” [
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D30FD4EFFA4CF14F61FFA838F435822" box="[887,1026,1364,1390]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" type="generic">9 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
donated including #565], but collector and date not given on labels (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130D2A42FFA4CF14F76EFAAF890A58DE" box="[518,587,1400,1426]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–2" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1486,1510]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,558,1460]" captionTargetId="figure-198@3.[151,1435,558,1460]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–2. Epironastes abruptus Carne, 1957, holotype male. 1, dorsum; 2, labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410043" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4410043/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8936C7FFA4CF14F5AFFA4B8FC35B9A" blockId="2.[151,1437,1183,2039]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAD5FFA4CF14F5AFFA4B896158FA" bold="true" box="[199,544,1436,1462]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">Other specimens examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B5E3C9AFFA4CF14F746FA4B8FE15896" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3031275338" collectingDate="1999-02-03" collectionCode="PMH" collectorName="PMH" country="Australia" latitude="-32.7048" location="Lake King" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="120.6479" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Western Australia">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3217657FFA4CF14F746FA4B899158FA" box="[558,720,1436,1462]" name="Australia" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">AUSTRALIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F2F825FFA4CF14F78AFA4B8F5658FA" box="[738,1047,1436,1462]" country="Australia" name="Western Australia" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">WESTERN AUSTRALIA</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D30FD4EFFA4CF14F142FA4B8F0F58FA" box="[1066,1102,1436,1462]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CCE9B22FFA4CF14F10BFA4B8F8158FA" box="[1123,1216,1436,1462]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.06" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" unit="km" value="106.0">106 km</quantity>
|
||
E. of
|
||
<location id="8EE9601CFFA4CF14F075FA4B8EDD58FA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039F87D1FFA4CF11F5FFFC048A145E11:8EE9601CFFA4CF14F075FA4B8EDD58FA" box="[1309,1436,1436,1462]" country="Australia" latitude="-32.7048" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="120.6479" name="Lake King" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" stateProvince="Western Australia">Lake King</location>
|
||
[
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE025000FFA4CF14F5F6FA178A585896" box="[158,281,1472,1498]" degrees="32.7048" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" precision="5" value="-32.7048">32.7048°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE025000FFA4CF14F44CFA688AED5896" box="[292,428,1471,1498]" degrees="120.6479" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" precision="5" value="120.6479">120.6479°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
] W.A.
|
||
<date id="FF881007FFA4CF14F491FA1789375896" box="[505,630,1472,1498]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" value="1999-02-03">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFCCE9EFFFA4CF14F491FA1789375896" box="[505,630,1472,1498]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" value="1999-02-03">3.Feb.1999</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
<collectorName id="26C35311FFA4CF14F715FA1688595896" box="[637,792,1472,1499]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">P. Hutchinson</collectorName>
|
||
// PMH
|
||
<collectorName id="26C35311FFA4CF14F61FFA1788E65896" box="[887,935,1472,1498]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">Coll</collectorName>
|
||
#
|
||
<collectorName id="26C35311FFA4CF14F6D4FA1688AD5897" box="[956,1004,1473,1499]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">Dyn</collectorName>
|
||
0468 [in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED27AE02FFA4CF14F13EFA688FD85896" box="[1110,1177,1471,1498]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14877" name="City Museum and Records Office" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" type="Herbarium">PMH</collectionCode>
|
||
]
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B5E3C9AFFA4CF14F1C2FA178E4158B2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3031275344" collectingDate="2011-02-13" collectorName="P. Hutchinson" country="Australia" county="Moir Rd" latitude="-33.6463" location="Aust." longLatPrecision="6" longitude="120.0407" municipality="Ravensthorpe" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Western Australia">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D30FD4EFFA4CF14F1C2FA178F8E5896" box="[1194,1231,1472,1498]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62E84E4BFFA4CF14F1B3FA178E7D5896" box="[1243,1340,1472,1498]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">Moir Rd</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CCE9B22FFA4CF14F02FFA178E3E5896" box="[1351,1407,1472,1498]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" unit="km" value="8.0">8 km</quantity>
|
||
S. of
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BEDACBDFFA4CF14F5DDFA338A0E58B2" box="[181,335,1508,1534]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">Ravensthorpe</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
W.
|
||
<location id="8EE9601CFFA4CF14F41FFA338AF558B2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039F87D1FFA4CF11F5FFFC048A145E11:8EE9601CFFA4CF14F41FFA338AF558B2" box="[375,436,1508,1534]" country="Australia" county="Moir Rd" latitude="-33.6463" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="120.0407" municipality="Ravensthorpe" name="Aust." pageId="2" pageNumber="430" stateProvince="Western Australia">Aust.</location>
|
||
[
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE025000FFA4CF14F4A8FA33897A58B2" box="[448,571,1508,1534]" degrees="33.6463" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" precision="5" value="-33.6463">33.6463°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE025000FFA4CF14F72DFA34898F58B2" box="[581,718,1507,1534]" degrees="120.0407" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" precision="5" value="120.0407">120.0407°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
]
|
||
<date id="FF881007FFA4CF14F7B2FA33882458B2" box="[730,869,1508,1534]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" value="2011-02-13">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFCCE9EFFFA4CF14F7B2FA33882458B2" box="[730,869,1508,1534]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" value="2011-02-13">13.Feb.2011</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
<collectorName id="26C35311FFA4CF14F603FA328F4758B2" box="[875,1030,1508,1535]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">P. Hutchinson</collectorName>
|
||
|
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C364D44FFA4CF14F17FFA338E4158B2" authorityName="Carne" authorityYear="1957" box="[1047,1280,1508,1534]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Epironastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abruptus">Epironastes abruptus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B5E3C9AFFA4CF14F06EFA3289215B6E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3031275336" collectionCode="QM" collectorName="Dyn" country="Australia" location="Coll" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Western Australia">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D30FD4EFFA4CF14F06EFA328E5A58B3" box="[1286,1307,1509,1535]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
in roadside puddle // PMH
|
||
<location id="8EE9601CFFA4CF14F42CF9DF8A355B6E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039F87D1FFA4CF11F5FFFC048A145E11:8EE9601CFFA4CF14F42CF9DF8A355B6E" box="[324,372,1544,1570]" country="Australia" name="Coll" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" stateProvince="Western Australia">Coll</location>
|
||
#
|
||
<collectorName id="26C35311FFA4CF14F4E2F9DE8AFB5B6F" box="[394,442,1545,1571]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">Dyn</collectorName>
|
||
0471 [in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED27AE02FFA4CF14F74EF9D089185B6E" box="[550,601,1543,1570]" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" type="Museum">QM</collectionCode>
|
||
]
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B5E3C9AFFA4CF14F703F9DF8BFF5B0B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3031275316" collectingDate="2011-02-16" collectorName="Ravensthorpe W. Aust." country="Australia" location="Moir Rd" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Western Australia">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D30FD4EFFA4CF14F703F9DF89CE5B6E" box="[619,655,1544,1570]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EE9601CFFA4CF14F7F4F9DF89BF5B6E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039F87D1FFA4CF11F5FFFC048A145E11:8EE9601CFFA4CF14F7F4F9DF89BF5B6E" box="[668,766,1544,1570]" country="Australia" name="Moir Rd" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" stateProvince="Western Australia">Moir Rd</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CCE9B22FFA4CF14F661F9DF88035B6E" box="[777,834,1544,1570]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" unit="km" value="8.0">8 km</quantity>
|
||
S. of
|
||
<collectorName id="26C35311FFA4CF14F6EDF9DF8FC75B6E" box="[901,1158,1544,1571]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">Ravensthorpe W. Aust.</collectorName>
|
||
<date id="FF881007FFA4CF14F1E4F9DF8E595B6E" box="[1164,1304,1544,1570]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" value="2011-02-16">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFCCE9EFFFA4CF14F1E4F9DF8E595B6E" box="[1164,1304,1544,1570]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" value="2011-02-16">16.Feb.2011</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
P. Hutchinson
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
|
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B5E3C9AFFA4CF14F5BCF9FA8FF55B0A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3031275327" box="[212,1204,1579,1607]" collectionCode="WAM, PMH" collectorName="Dyn" country="Australia" location="Coll" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Western Australia">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D30FD4EFFA4CF14F5BCF9FA8BA85B0B" box="[212,233,1581,1607]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
crawling on track 0830-1100hrs // PMH
|
||
<location id="8EE9601CFFA4CF14F7D7F9FB89AE5B0A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039F87D1FFA4CF11F5FFFC048A145E11:8EE9601CFFA4CF14F7D7F9FB89AE5B0A" box="[703,751,1580,1606]" country="Australia" name="Coll" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" stateProvince="Western Australia">Coll</location>
|
||
#
|
||
<collectorName id="26C35311FFA4CF14F66EF9FA88775B0B" box="[774,822,1581,1607]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">Dyn</collectorName>
|
||
0466 [in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED27AE02FFA4CF14F6CDF9FC88AE5B0A" box="[933,1007,1579,1606]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34981" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34981" name="Western Australian Museum" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" type="Museum">WAM</collectionCode>
|
||
], 0468 [in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED27AE02FFA4CF14F102F9FC8FEC5B0A" box="[1130,1197,1579,1606]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14877" name="City Museum and Records Office" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" type="Herbarium">PMH</collectionCode>
|
||
]
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B5E3C9AFFA4CF14F1A8F9FB88485B26" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3031275337" collectingDate="2011-02-16" collectorName="Ravensthorpe W. Aust. & P. Hutchinson" country="Australia" location="Moir Rd" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Western Australia">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D30FD4EFFA4CF14F1A8F9FB8FA55B0A" box="[1216,1252,1580,1606]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EE9601CFFA4CF14F19AF9FB8E145B0A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039F87D1FFA4CF11F5FFFC048A145E11:8EE9601CFFA4CF14F19AF9FB8E145B0A" box="[1266,1365,1580,1606]" country="Australia" name="Moir Rd" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" stateProvince="Western Australia">Moir Rd</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CCE9B22FFA4CF14F00AF9FB8EDD5B0A" box="[1378,1436,1580,1606]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" unit="km" value="8.0">8 km</quantity>
|
||
S. of
|
||
<collectorName id="26C35311FFA4CF14F5BBF9878A945B26" box="[211,469,1616,1643]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">Ravensthorpe W. Aust.</collectorName>
|
||
<date id="FF881007FFA4CF14F4B3F98789265B26" box="[475,615,1616,1642]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" value="2011-02-16">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFCCE9EFFFA4CF14F4B3F98789265B26" box="[475,615,1616,1642]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" value="2011-02-16">16.Feb.2011</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
<collectorName id="26C35311FFA4CF14F705F98688485B26" box="[621,777,1616,1643]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">P. Hutchinson</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
|
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B5E3C9AFFA4CF14F675F9868A015BC2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3031275318" collectionCode="PMH" collectorName="Dyn" country="Australia" location="Coll" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Western Australia">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D30FD4EFFA4CF14F675F98688735B27" box="[797,818,1617,1643]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
flying 0815 hrs // PMH
|
||
<location id="8EE9601CFFA4CF14F12EF9878F375B26" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039F87D1FFA4CF11F5FFFC048A145E11:8EE9601CFFA4CF14F12EF9878F375B26" box="[1094,1142,1616,1642]" country="Australia" name="Coll" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" stateProvince="Western Australia">Coll</location>
|
||
#
|
||
<collectorName id="26C35311FFA4CF14F1E4F9868FFD5B27" box="[1164,1212,1617,1643]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">Dyn</collectorName>
|
||
0465 // genitalia on card [in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED27AE02FFA4CF14F59EF9A48A785BC2" box="[246,313,1651,1678]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14877" name="City Museum and Records Office" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" type="Herbarium">PMH</collectionCode>
|
||
]
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B5E3C9AFFA4CF14F424F9A38FE45BC2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3031275317" box="[332,1189,1652,1679]" collectingDate="2011-02-16" collectorName="Ravensthorpe W. Aust. & P. Hutchinson" country="Australia" location="Moir Rd" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Western Australia">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D30FD4EFFA4CF14F424F9A38A315BC2" box="[332,368,1652,1678]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EE9601CFFA4CF14F415F9A38AA15BC2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039F87D1FFA4CF11F5FFFC048A145E11:8EE9601CFFA4CF14F415F9A38AA15BC2" box="[381,480,1652,1678]" country="Australia" name="Moir Rd" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" stateProvince="Western Australia">Moir Rd</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CCE9B22FFA4CF14F485F9A389675BC2" box="[493,550,1652,1678]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" unit="km" value="8.0">8 km</quantity>
|
||
S. of
|
||
<collectorName id="26C35311FFA4CF14F704F9A3882F5BC2" box="[620,878,1652,1679]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">Ravensthorpe W. Aust.</collectorName>
|
||
<date id="FF881007FFA4CF14F61EF9A38F405BC2" box="[886,1025,1652,1678]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" value="2011-02-16">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFCCE9EFFFA4CF14F61EF9A38F405BC2" box="[886,1025,1652,1678]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" value="2011-02-16">16.Feb.2011</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
<collectorName id="26C35311FFA4CF14F160F9A28FE45BC2" box="[1032,1189,1652,1679]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">P. Hutchinson</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
|
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B5E3C9AFFA4CF14F1D2F9A289845BFE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3031275304" collectionCode="PMH" collectorName="Coll & Dyn" country="Australia" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Western Australia">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D30FD4EFFA4CF14F1D2F9A28F8E5BC3" box="[1210,1231,1653,1679]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
crawling on track 0815-1100 hrs // PMH
|
||
<collectorName id="26C35311FFA4CF14F4F2F94F8A8B5BFE" box="[410,458,1688,1714]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">Coll</collectorName>
|
||
#
|
||
<collectorName id="26C35311FFA4CF14F4B7F94E894E5BFF" box="[479,527,1689,1715]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">Dyn</collectorName>
|
||
0470 [in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED27AE02FFA4CF14F713F94089FF5BFE" box="[635,702,1687,1714]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14877" name="City Museum and Records Office" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" type="Herbarium">PMH</collectionCode>
|
||
]
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B5E3C9AFFA4CF14F7B8F94F8F3F5B9A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3031275301" collectingDate="2008-02-19" collectionCode="PMH" collectorName="PMH" country="Australia" location="Ravensthorpe West. Aust." municipality="Moir Rd" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Western Australia">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D30FD4EFFA4CF14F7B8F94F89B35BFE" box="[720,754,1688,1714]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BEDACBDFFA4CF14F668F94F88235BFE" box="[768,866,1688,1714]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">Moir Rd</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CCE9B22FFA4CF14F606F94F88E65BFE" box="[878,935,1688,1714]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" unit="km" value="8.0">8 km</quantity>
|
||
S. of
|
||
<location id="8EE9601CFFA4CF14F681F94F8E4B5BFE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039F87D1FFA4CF11F5FFFC048A145E11:8EE9601CFFA4CF14F681F94F8E4B5BFE" box="[1001,1290,1688,1715]" country="Australia" municipality="Moir Rd" name="Ravensthorpe West. Aust." pageId="2" pageNumber="430" stateProvince="Western Australia">Ravensthorpe West. Aust.</location>
|
||
<date id="FF881007FFA4CF14F078F94F8EDD5BFE" box="[1296,1436,1688,1714]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" value="2008-02-19">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFCCE9EFFFA4CF14F078F94F8EDD5BFE" box="[1296,1436,1688,1714]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" value="2008-02-19">19.Feb.2008</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
<collectorName id="26C35311FFA4CF14F5FFF96A8A725B9A" box="[151,307,1724,1751]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">P. Hutchinson</collectorName>
|
||
| walking on sand beneath mallee heath // PMH
|
||
<collectorName id="26C35311FFA4CF14F63BF96B88C25B9A" box="[851,899,1724,1750]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">Coll</collectorName>
|
||
#
|
||
<collectorName id="26C35311FFA4CF14F6F0F96A88895B9B" box="[920,968,1725,1751]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">Dyn</collectorName>
|
||
0464 [in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED27AE02FFA4CF14F15CF96C8F365B9A" box="[1076,1143,1723,1750]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14877" name="City Museum and Records Office" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" type="Herbarium">PMH</collectionCode>
|
||
]
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32C654CFFA4CF15F5AFF9378E4E5ADA" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="431" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8936C7FFA4CF15F5AFF9378F255F55" blockId="2.[151,1437,1183,2039]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,537]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="431" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAD5FFA4CF14F5AFF93789755BB6" bold="true" box="[199,564,1760,1786]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">
|
||
Redescription. Male
|
||
<typeStatus id="548D8865FFA4CF14F4AFF93789715BB6" box="[455,560,1760,1786]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Body with dorsal surfaces (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130D2A42FFA4CF14F6E8F93788875BB6" box="[896,966,1760,1786]" captionStart="FIGURES 3–10" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[181,1404,193,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[181,1407,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 3–10. Epironastes abruptus Carne, 1957, male specimen #0465. 3, dorsum; 4, venter; 5, lateral; 6, head, lateral; 7, head, dorsal; 8, pygidium; 9, parameres; 10, aedeagus, lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410045" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4410045/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
) and abdominal sternites (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130D2A42FFA4CF14F197F9378E075BB6" box="[1279,1350,1760,1786]" captionStart="FIGURES 3–10" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[181,1404,193,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[181,1407,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 3–10. Epironastes abruptus Carne, 1957, male specimen #0465. 3, dorsum; 4, venter; 5, lateral; 6, head, lateral; 7, head, dorsal; 8, pygidium; 9, parameres; 10, aedeagus, lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410045" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4410045/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
) black, sometimes with red tinge, ventral surfaces and legs brown,
|
||
<quantity id="4CCE9B22FFA4CF14F651F8D388C85A53" box="[825,905,1796,1823]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CCE9B22FFA4CF14F6BAF8D38F685A53" box="[978,1065,1796,1823]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" unit="mm" value="9.3">9.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide. Mentum strongly reflexed at apex; ligula narrow, truncate apex. Antennal club (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130D2A42FFA4CF14F783F8FF886E5A0F" box="[747,815,1832,1859]" captionStart="FIGURES 3–10" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[181,1404,193,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[181,1407,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 3–10. Epironastes abruptus Carne, 1957, male specimen #0465. 3, dorsum; 4, venter; 5, lateral; 6, head, lateral; 7, head, dorsal; 8, pygidium; 9, parameres; 10, aedeagus, lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410045" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4410045/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
) slightly longer than shaft, inner face setose, shallowly foveate in apical third, outer face bitexturous with dorsal portion black and ventral quarter chestnut brown. Clypeus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130D2A42FFA4CF14F5F7F8A78A4B5AC7" box="[159,266,1904,1931]" captionStart="FIGURES 3–10" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[181,1404,193,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[181,1407,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 3–10. Epironastes abruptus Carne, 1957, male specimen #0465. 3, dorsum; 4, venter; 5, lateral; 6, head, lateral; 7, head, dorsal; 8, pygidium; 9, parameres; 10, aedeagus, lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410045" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4410045/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">Figs. 3, 7</figureCitation>
|
||
) strongly curved downwards from antennal angles, very short, narrowed abruptly to short reflexed apex, surface transversely rugose; clypeofrontal suture obliterated. Frons (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130D2A42FFA4CF14F6C6F8438F7C5AE3" box="[942,1085,1940,1967]" captionStart="FIGURES 3–10" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[181,1404,193,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[181,1407,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 3–10. Epironastes abruptus Carne, 1957, male specimen #0465. 3, dorsum; 4, venter; 5, lateral; 6, head, lateral; 7, head, dorsal; 8, pygidium; 9, parameres; 10, aedeagus, lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410045" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4410045/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">Figs. 3, 6–7</figureCitation>
|
||
) concentrically rugose; ocular canthi with anterior margin arcuate and bearing stout orange-yellow setae. Pronotum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130D2A42FFA4CF14F109F86F8FA95A9F" box="[1121,1256,1976,2003]" captionStart="FIGURES 3–10" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[181,1404,193,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[181,1407,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 3–10. Epironastes abruptus Carne, 1957, male specimen #0465. 3, dorsum; 4, venter; 5, lateral; 6, head, lateral; 7, head, dorsal; 8, pygidium; 9, parameres; 10, aedeagus, lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410045" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4410045/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">Figs. 3, 5–6</figureCitation>
|
||
) with anterolateral angles forming right angles, widest in anterior half slightly before midlength, anteromedian horn stout, erect, preceding transverse impression confined to anterior half, continued over basal convexity by shallow depression, surface sparsely and finely punctate, punctures becoming coarser, denser and confluent towards margins and transversely elongate in anterior impression. Scutellum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130D2A42FFA5CF15F784FF0888705DB5" box="[748,817,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURES 3–10" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[181,1404,193,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[181,1407,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 3–10. Epironastes abruptus Carne, 1957, male specimen #0465. 3, dorsum; 4, venter; 5, lateral; 6, head, lateral; 7, head, dorsal; 8, pygidium; 9, parameres; 10, aedeagus, lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410045" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4410045/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
) bearing moderate punctures becoming finer towards apex. Each elytron (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130D2A42FFA5CF15F412FED48AA45C51" box="[378,485,258,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 3–10" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[181,1404,193,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[181,1407,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 3–10. Epironastes abruptus Carne, 1957, male specimen #0465. 3, dorsum; 4, venter; 5, lateral; 6, head, lateral; 7, head, dorsal; 8, pygidium; 9, parameres; 10, aedeagus, lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410045" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4410045/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">Figs. 3, 5</figureCitation>
|
||
) with sutural striae linear-punctate, elytral disc with large simple punctures forming distinct striae, intervals impunctate with apical declivity rugulose. Pygidium (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130D2A42FFA5CF15F17AFEF08F175C0D" box="[1042,1110,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURES 3–10" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[181,1404,193,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[181,1407,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 3–10. Epironastes abruptus Carne, 1957, male specimen #0465. 3, dorsum; 4, venter; 5, lateral; 6, head, lateral; 7, head, dorsal; 8, pygidium; 9, parameres; 10, aedeagus, lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410045" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4410045/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
) scarcely convex, shallowly and concentrically rugose, sides sparsely setose, almost glabrous across middle of base, without a smooth apical zone, apical ridge not narrowed in middle. Abdominal sternites 2–5 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130D2A42FFA5CF15F6CAFEB888A75CC5" box="[930,998,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURES 3–10" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[181,1404,193,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[181,1407,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 3–10. Epironastes abruptus Carne, 1957, male specimen #0465. 3, dorsum; 4, venter; 5, lateral; 6, head, lateral; 7, head, dorsal; 8, pygidium; 9, parameres; 10, aedeagus, lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410045" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4410045/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
) sparsely setose at midlength laterally, glabrous across middle, last sternite with sparse posterior border of long orange-yellow setae. Coxae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130D2A42FFA5CF15F190FE448E7B5CE1" box="[1272,1338,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURES 3–10" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[181,1404,193,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[181,1407,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 3–10. Epironastes abruptus Carne, 1957, male specimen #0465. 3, dorsum; 4, venter; 5, lateral; 6, head, lateral; 7, head, dorsal; 8, pygidium; 9, parameres; 10, aedeagus, lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410045" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4410045/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
) bearing orange-yellow vestiture; metatibiae slender, basal carinae bearing long, acute setae; distal carinae bearing combination of long, fine, widely set ciliae and setae on outer surface; tibial spurs of metathoracic legs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130D2A42FFA5CF15F187FE0C8E725CB9" box="[1263,1331,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURES 3–10" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[181,1404,193,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[181,1407,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 3–10. Epironastes abruptus Carne, 1957, male specimen #0465. 3, dorsum; 4, venter; 5, lateral; 6, head, lateral; 7, head, dorsal; 8, pygidium; 9, parameres; 10, aedeagus, lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410045" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4410045/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
) unequal length, broad, subspatulate with longer spur slightly curved. Genitalia as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="130D2A42FFA5CF15F68FFE288F205F55" box="[999,1121,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURES 3–10" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[181,1404,193,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[181,1407,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 3–10. Epironastes abruptus Carne, 1957, male specimen #0465. 3, dorsum; 4, venter; 5, lateral; 6, head, lateral; 7, head, dorsal; 8, pygidium; 9, parameres; 10, aedeagus, lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410045" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4410045/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">Figs. 9–10</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF49664FFFA5CF15F5FFFA198F5258AA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410043" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4410043" box="[151,1043,1486,1510]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4410043/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="431" startId="3.[151,264,1486,1510]" targetBox="[151,1435,558,1460]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8936C7FFA5CF15F5FFFA198F5258AA" blockId="3.[151,1043,1486,1510]" box="[151,1043,1486,1510]" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAD5FFA5CF15F5FFFA198A7B58AA" bold="true" box="[151,314,1486,1510]" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">FIGURES 1–2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C364D44FFA5CF15F429FA1889DF58AA" authority="Carne, 1957" authorityName="Carne" authorityYear="1957" box="[321,670,1486,1510]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Epironastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="431" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abruptus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAD5FFA5CF15F429FA18895858AA" box="[321,537,1486,1510]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">Epironastes abruptus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B36FFA5CF15F748FA1989DF58AA" author="Carne, P. B." box="[544,670,1486,1510]" pageId="3" pageNumber="431" refId="ref9996" refString="Carne, P. B. (1957) A Systematic Revision of the Australian Dynastinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Melbourne, 284 pp." type="book" year="1957">Carne, 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, holotype male.
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAD5FFA5CF15F62DFA19881958AA" bold="true" box="[837,856,1486,1510]" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">1,</emphasis>
|
||
dorsum;
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAD5FFA5CF15F6D0FA19888458AA" bold="true" box="[952,965,1486,1510]" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">2</emphasis>
|
||
, labels.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8936C7FFA5CF15F5AFF9C28FE85B1F" blockId="3.[151,1437,1556,2015]" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAD5FFA5CF15F5AFF9C28A3F5B62" bold="true" box="[199,382,1556,1583]" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">Male variation.</emphasis>
|
||
Body
|
||
<quantity id="4CCE9B22FFA5CF15F4AFF9C2892B5B63" box="[455,618,1557,1583]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.56" metricValueMax="1.83" metricValueMin="1.29" pageId="3" pageNumber="431" unit="mm" value="15.6" valueMax="18.3" valueMin="12.9">12.9–18.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
long. Antennal club non foveate, dorsal portion of outer face dark brown. Clypeal surface coarsely punctate; clypeofrontal suture distinct, medially posteriorly arcuate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8936C7FFA5CF15F5AFF98A8E4E5ADA" blockId="3.[151,1437,1556,2015]" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAD5FFA5CF15F5AFF98A8A645B3B" bold="true" box="[199,293,1629,1655]" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">Female.</emphasis>
|
||
Differs from male in the following characters: body
|
||
<quantity id="4CCE9B22FFA5CF15F619F98B8F555B3B" box="[881,1044,1628,1655]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6949999999999998" metricValueMax="1.75" metricValueMin="1.64" pageId="3" pageNumber="431" unit="mm" value="16.95" valueMax="17.5" valueMin="16.4">16.4–17.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CCE9B22FFA5CF15F131F98B8FAC5B3B" box="[1113,1261,1628,1655]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.025" metricValueMax="1.06" metricValueMin="0.99" pageId="3" pageNumber="431" unit="mm" value="10.25" valueMax="10.6" valueMin="9.9">9.9–10.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide. Antennal club shorter than shaft, inner face convex and sparsely setose, outer face unitexturous. Clypeal apex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130D2A42FFA5CF15F061F9578BF55BF3" captionStart="FIGURES 11–16" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[180,1401,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-25@5.[180,1408,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 11–16. Epironastes abruptus Carne, 1957, female specimen #0464. 11, dorsum; 12, venter; 13, lateral; 14, head, lateral; 15, head, dorsal; 16, head and pronotum, frontal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4410047/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">Figs. 11, 14– 15</figureCitation>
|
||
) narrower. Pronotum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130D2A42FFA5CF15F4D9F973891F5BF3" box="[433,606,1700,1727]" captionStart="FIGURES 11–16" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[180,1401,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-25@5.[180,1408,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 11–16. Epironastes abruptus Carne, 1957, female specimen #0464. 11, dorsum; 12, venter; 13, lateral; 14, head, lateral; 15, head, dorsal; 16, head and pronotum, frontal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4410047/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">Figs. 11, 13–16</figureCitation>
|
||
) with anterolateral angles slightly acute, anteromedial tubercle absent, impression as small flattened area with trace of impression over basal convexity but not distinctly interrupting pronotal convexity in lateral view. Scutellum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130D2A42FFA5CF15F754F93B89CD5A4B" box="[572,652,1772,1799]" captionStart="FIGURES 11–16" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[180,1401,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-25@5.[180,1408,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 11–16. Epironastes abruptus Carne, 1957, female specimen #0464. 11, dorsum; 12, venter; 13, lateral; 14, head, lateral; 15, head, dorsal; 16, head and pronotum, frontal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4410047/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
) bearing moderate punctures near margins. Elytral surfaces (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130D2A42FFA5CF15F053F93B8BF25A67" captionStart="FIGURES 11–16" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[180,1401,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-25@5.[180,1408,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 11–16. Epironastes abruptus Carne, 1957, female specimen #0464. 11, dorsum; 12, venter; 13, lateral; 14, head, lateral; 15, head, dorsal; 16, head and pronotum, frontal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4410047/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">Figs. 11, 13</figureCitation>
|
||
) bearing sparse punctures in intervals, apical calli obsolete with elytra evenly sloping to apex. Pygidium bearing short setae across base. Abdominal sternites 2–5 and last sternite (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130D2A42FFA5CF15F615F8E3888F5A03" box="[893,974,1844,1871]" captionStart="FIGURES 11–16" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[180,1401,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-25@5.[180,1408,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 11–16. Epironastes abruptus Carne, 1957, female specimen #0464. 11, dorsum; 12, venter; 13, lateral; 14, head, lateral; 15, head, dorsal; 16, head and pronotum, frontal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4410047/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
|
||
) bearing long setae on entire surface and across middle. Protibial denticles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130D2A42FFA5CF15F748F88F89E65A3F" box="[544,679,1880,1907]" captionStart="FIGURES 11–16" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[180,1401,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-25@5.[180,1408,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 11–16. Epironastes abruptus Carne, 1957, female specimen #0464. 11, dorsum; 12, venter; 13, lateral; 14, head, lateral; 15, head, dorsal; 16, head and pronotum, frontal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4410047/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">Figs. 11–12</figureCitation>
|
||
) broader; metatibiae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130D2A42FFA5CF15F6CBF88F88B75A3F" box="[931,1014,1880,1907]" captionStart="FIGURES 11–16" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[180,1401,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-25@5.[180,1408,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 11–16. Epironastes abruptus Carne, 1957, female specimen #0464. 11, dorsum; 12, venter; 13, lateral; 14, head, lateral; 15, head, dorsal; 16, head and pronotum, frontal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4410047/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
|
||
) longer and apex wider, distal carina bearing very small ciliae, longer spur straight; metatarsomeres (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130D2A42FFA5CF15F609F8AB88A75ADB" box="[865,998,1916,1943]" captionStart="FIGURES 11–16" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[180,1401,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-25@5.[180,1408,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 11–16. Epironastes abruptus Carne, 1957, female specimen #0464. 11, dorsum; 12, venter; 13, lateral; 14, head, lateral; 15, head, dorsal; 16, head and pronotum, frontal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4410047/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">Figs. 11–12</figureCitation>
|
||
) shorter than tibial length.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32C654CFFA5CF11F5AFF8778A145E11" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="435" pageId="3" pageNumber="431" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8936C7FFA5CF11F5AFF8778E245C51" blockId="3.[151,1437,1556,2015]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,151,861]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="435" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAD5FFA5CF15F5AFF8778A035AF6" bold="true" box="[199,322,1952,1978]" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C364D44FFA5CF15F420F87689765AF6" authorityName="Carne" authorityYear="1957" box="[328,567,1952,1978]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Epironastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="431" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abruptus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAD5FFA5CF15F420F87689765AF6" box="[328,567,1952,1978]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">Epironastes abruptus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is recognised by having: body dorsally black with brown legs and ventral surface (except sternites), orange-yellow vestiture;
|
||
<quantity id="4CCE9B22FFA5CF15F7DBF81288175A93" box="[691,854,1989,2015]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.56" metricValueMax="1.83" metricValueMin="1.29" pageId="3" pageNumber="431" unit="mm" value="15.6" valueMax="18.3" valueMin="12.9">12.9–18.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; clypeus short to very narrowly reflexed apex; pronotal impression continued over basal convexity; pygidium glabrous across base (setose in females), surface without impunctate apical zone. It differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C364D44FFA1CF11F7C2FF6C88115D98" authorityName="Carne" authorityYear="1957" box="[682,848,187,212]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Epironastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="435" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrisetosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAD5FFA1CF11F7C2FF6C88115D98" box="[682,848,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="435">E. nigrisetosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having orange-yellow vestiture, from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C364D44FFA1CF11F04BFF6C8EDD5D99" authorityName="Endrodi" authorityYear="1971" box="[1315,1436,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Teinogenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="435" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="demarzi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAD5FFA1CF11F04BFF6C8EDD5D99" box="[1315,1436,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="435">E. demarzi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the base of the pygidium and the apical ridge without setae, and from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C364D44FFA1CF11F6B7FF088F215DB5" authorityName="Carne" authorityYear="1957" box="[991,1120,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Epironastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="435" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limbatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAD5FFA1CF11F6B7FF0888B15DB4" box="[991,1008,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="435">E</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAD5FFA1CF11F168FF088F215DB5" box="[1024,1120,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="435">limbatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the larger size, a deeper pronotal impression that continues over the basal convexity, and the pygidium being glabrous across the base.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF49664FFFA2CF12F5FFF840884D5A98" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410045" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4410045" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4410045/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="432" startId="4.[151,264,1943,1967]" targetBox="[181,1404,193,1919]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8936C7FFA2CF12F5FFF840884D5A98" blockId="4.[151,1436,1943,2004]" pageId="4" pageNumber="432">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAD5FFA2CF12F5FFF8408A095AE3" bold="true" box="[151,328,1943,1967]" pageId="4" pageNumber="432">FIGURES 3–10.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C364D44FFA2CF12F427F84F89EC5AE3" authority="Carne, 1957" authorityName="Carne" authorityYear="1957" box="[335,685,1943,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Epironastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="432" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abruptus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAD5FFA2CF12F427F84F89695AFC" box="[335,552,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="432">Epironastes abruptus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B36FFA2CF12F746F84F89EC5AE3" author="Carne, P. B." box="[558,685,1943,1968]" pageId="4" pageNumber="432" refId="ref9996" refString="Carne, P. B. (1957) A Systematic Revision of the Australian Dynastinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Melbourne, 284 pp." type="book" year="1957">Carne, 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male specimen #0465.
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAD5FFA2CF12F6CBF84088F15AE3" bold="true" box="[931,944,1943,1967]" pageId="4" pageNumber="432">3</emphasis>
|
||
, dorsum;
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAD5FFA2CF12F17FF8408F655AE3" bold="true" box="[1047,1060,1943,1967]" pageId="4" pageNumber="432">4</emphasis>
|
||
, venter;
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAD5FFA2CF12F116F84F8FCA5AFC" bold="true" box="[1150,1163,1944,1968]" pageId="4" pageNumber="432">5</emphasis>
|
||
, lateral;
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAD5FFA2CF12F18DF8408FB35AE3" bold="true" box="[1253,1266,1943,1967]" pageId="4" pageNumber="432">6</emphasis>
|
||
, head, lateral;
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAD5FFA2CF12F0E1F84F8ED75AFC" bold="true" box="[1417,1430,1944,1968]" pageId="4" pageNumber="432">7</emphasis>
|
||
, head, dorsal;
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAD5FFA2CF12F477F86C8A6D5A9F" bold="true" box="[287,300,1979,2003]" pageId="4" pageNumber="432">8</emphasis>
|
||
, pygidium;
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAD5FFA2CF12F4CFF86C8AF55A9F" bold="true" box="[423,436,1979,2003]" pageId="4" pageNumber="432">9</emphasis>
|
||
, parameres;
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAD5FFA2CF12F75EF86C890E5A9F" bold="true" box="[566,591,1979,2003]" pageId="4" pageNumber="432">10</emphasis>
|
||
, aedeagus, lateral.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF49664FFFA3CF13F5FFF84089925A98" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410047" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4410047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4410047/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="433" startId="5.[151,264,1943,1967]" targetBox="[180,1401,181,1919]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8936C7FFA3CF13F5FFF84089925A98" blockId="5.[151,1436,1943,2004]" pageId="5" pageNumber="433">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAD5FFA3CF13F5FFF8408A145AE3" bold="true" box="[151,341,1943,1967]" pageId="5" pageNumber="433">FIGURES 11–16.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C364D44FFA3CF13F435F84F89815AE3" authority="Carne, 1957" authorityName="Carne" authorityYear="1957" box="[349,704,1943,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Epironastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="433" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abruptus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAD5FFA3CF13F435F84F89765AFC" box="[349,567,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="433">Epironastes abruptus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B36FFA3CF13F757F84F89815AE3" author="Carne, P. B." box="[575,704,1943,1968]" pageId="5" pageNumber="433" refId="ref9996" refString="Carne, P. B. (1957) A Systematic Revision of the Australian Dynastinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Melbourne, 284 pp." type="book" year="1957">Carne, 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, female specimen #0464.
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAD5FFA3CF13F6A7F84088A65AE3" bold="true" box="[975,999,1943,1967]" pageId="5" pageNumber="433">11</emphasis>
|
||
, dorsum;
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAD5FFA3CF13F139F8408F2B5AE3" bold="true" box="[1105,1130,1943,1967]" pageId="5" pageNumber="433">12</emphasis>
|
||
, venter;
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAD5FFA3CF13F1A0F8408FA05AE3" bold="true" box="[1224,1249,1943,1967]" pageId="5" pageNumber="433">13</emphasis>
|
||
, lateral;
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAD5FFA3CF13F056F8408E165AE3" bold="true" box="[1342,1367,1943,1967]" pageId="5" pageNumber="433">14</emphasis>
|
||
, head, lateral;
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAD5FFA3CF13F58CF86C8BBC5A9F" bold="true" box="[228,253,1979,2003]" pageId="5" pageNumber="433">15</emphasis>
|
||
, head, dorsal;
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAD5FFA3CF13F4FAF86C8AEA5A9F" bold="true" box="[402,427,1979,2003]" pageId="5" pageNumber="433">16</emphasis>
|
||
, head and pronotum, frontal.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF49664FFFA0CF10F5FFF8408A1B5A98" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410049" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4410049" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4410049/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="434" startId="6.[151,264,1943,1967]" targetBox="[181,1406,285,1920]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8936C7FFA0CF10F5FFF8408A1B5A98" blockId="6.[151,1436,1943,2004]" pageId="6" pageNumber="434">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAD5FFA0CF10F5FFF8408A105AE3" bold="true" box="[151,337,1943,1967]" pageId="6" pageNumber="434">FIGURES 17-18.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C364D44FFA0CF10F430F84F89F75AE3" authority="Carne, 1957" authorityName="Carne" authorityYear="1957" box="[344,694,1943,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Epironastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="434" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abruptus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAD5FFA0CF10F430F84F89705AFC" box="[344,561,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="434">Epironastes abruptus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B36FFA0CF10F751F84F89F75AE3" author="Carne, P. B." box="[569,694,1943,1968]" pageId="6" pageNumber="434" refId="ref9996" refString="Carne, P. B. (1957) A Systematic Revision of the Australian Dynastinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Melbourne, 284 pp." type="book" year="1957">Carne, 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
habitat near Ravensthorpe.
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAD5FFA0CF10F6BDF84088AF5AE3" bold="true" box="[981,1006,1943,1967]" pageId="6" pageNumber="434">17</emphasis>
|
||
, landscape view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAD5FFA0CF10F1CFF8408F815AE3" bold="true" box="[1191,1216,1943,1967]" pageId="6" pageNumber="434">18</emphasis>
|
||
, soil pit with almostimpenetrable layer.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8936C7FFA1CF11F5AFFEF188435CE1" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,861]" pageId="7" pageNumber="435">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAD5FFA1CF11F5AFFEF18A9E5C0C" bold="true" box="[199,479,294,321]" pageId="7" pageNumber="435">Habitat and behaviour.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C364D44FFA1CF11F480FEF089985C0D" authorityName="Carne" authorityYear="1957" box="[488,729,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Epironastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="435" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abruptus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAD5FFA1CF11F480FEF089985C0D" box="[488,729,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="435">Epironastes abruptus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
appears to be associated with mallee (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C364D44FFA1CF11F1FCFEF08E515C0D" box="[1172,1296,295,321]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="435" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAD5FFA1CF11F1FCFEF08E515C0D" box="[1172,1296,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="435">Eucalyptus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species that grow to a height of
|
||
<quantity id="4CCE9B22FFA1CF11F41CFE9C8AFA5C29" box="[372,443,331,357]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="435" unit="m" value="5.5" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="2.0">2–9 m</quantity>
|
||
and have many stems arising from a swollen woody base, the lignotuber) in sandy areas within the hinterland of the southern central coast mallee-heath area from Ravensthorpe to Salmon Gums that has a
|
||
<quantity id="4CCE9B22FFA1CF11F5FFFE458A6D5CE1" box="[151,300,402,429]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" metricValueMax="4.3" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="435" unit="mm" value="390.0" valueMax="430.0" valueMin="350.0">350–430 mm</quantity>
|
||
average annual rainfall (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130D2A42FFA1CF11F72BFE44898B5CE1" box="[579,714,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURES 17-18" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[181,1406,285,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[181,1406,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 17-18. Epironastes abruptus Carne, 1957 habitat near Ravensthorpe. 17, landscape view; 18, soil pit with almostimpenetrable layer." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410049" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4410049/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="435">Figs. 17–18</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="130D2A42FFA1CF11F7BEFE4589B75CE1" box="[726,758,402,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 56" captionStartId="18.[151,250,2003,2027]" captionTargetBox="[177,1411,1209,1980]" captionTargetId="figure-471@18.[177,1411,1209,1980]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 56. Known distribution of Epironastes species in southern Western Australia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410071" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4410071/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="435">56</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8936C7FFA1CF11F5AFFE608A145E11" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,861]" pageId="7" pageNumber="435">
|
||
This species is diurnally active with males and females being recorded from about 08:30–11:00 hr, emerging in response to summer rainfall (January–March). On
|
||
<date id="FF881007FFA1CF11F7AEFE0C883E5CB9" box="[710,895,475,501]" pageId="7" pageNumber="435" value="1999-02-03">3 February 1999</date>
|
||
, a male was captured in flight at the end of a road culvert at 10:15 hr in low mallee heathland east of Lake King. On
|
||
<date id="FF881007FFA1CF11F6EDFE288F115F55" box="[901,1104,511,537]" pageId="7" pageNumber="435" value="2008-02-19">19 February 2008</date>
|
||
, near Ravensthorpe, a female was found walking on a track. The weather conditions were mostly overcast, cold, windy with some light rainfall, but the previous day was 35 °C with thunderclouds developing and very humid. On
|
||
<date id="FF881007FFA1CF11F135FD908E6B5F2D" box="[1117,1322,583,609]" pageId="7" pageNumber="435" value="2011-02-13">13 February 2011</date>
|
||
, also near Ravensthorpe, a male was found alive in a roadside storm puddle; light trapping at dusk that day yielded no adults. On
|
||
<date id="FF881007FFA1CF11F5A9FD588AC95FE5" box="[193,392,655,681]" pageId="7" pageNumber="435" value="2011-02-16">16 February 2011</date>
|
||
from 08:15–11:30 hr in the same area, the conditions were very overcast with a cool breeze. One male was collected actively flying at 08:30 hr, whilst three males and two females were collected walking on the ground alongside a track with several ant nests on a roadside grading pile adjacent to dense mallee heath (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130D2A42FFA1CF11F007FD008BF55E59" captionStart="FIGURES 17-18" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[181,1406,285,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[181,1406,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 17-18. Epironastes abruptus Carne, 1957 habitat near Ravensthorpe. 17, landscape view; 18, soil pit with almostimpenetrable layer." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410049" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4410049/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="435">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
|
||
) (a male and a female had ants attached). Several mallee stumps were dug from the white sandy-loam with gravel to about
|
||
<quantity id="4CCE9B22FFA1CF11F590FCC98A7C5E75" box="[248,317,798,825]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="435" unit="cm" value="15.0">15 cm</quantity>
|
||
over rocky clay (solid, as impenetrable with a pick-axe,
|
||
<figureCitation id="130D2A42FFA1CF11F6DEFCC88F475E75" box="[950,1030,799,825]" captionStart="FIGURES 17-18" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[181,1406,285,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[181,1406,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 17-18. Epironastes abruptus Carne, 1957 habitat near Ravensthorpe. 17, landscape view; 18, soil pit with almostimpenetrable layer." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410049" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4410049/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="435">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
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) without signs of larval frass, larvae or adult remains.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |