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<mods:title id="11D52C0B8EE761DD53FB925390D29C74">Synopsis of the Grenadier Fishes (Gadiformes; Teleostei) of Taiwan</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="92817E5246B63CC442E638BC679E7EC8">Iwamoto, Tomio</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="380669C21F3AF5A2A7769E1F5AF47D02">Section of Ichthyology, California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="23BF6C76840B35F4C7783D2298C6BB58">Nakayama, Naohide</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="4EBA3C24D7CB81545369F74936E58B73">Laboratory of Marine Biology, Faculty of Science, Kochi University, 2 - 5 - 1 Akebono-cho, Kochi, 780 - 8073, Japan;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="BBB3DA2A1C8E604A59888543E74F1196">Shao, Kwang-Tsao</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="CC5610DAC7ED27F78A651506E5A0276F">Research Center for Biodiversity, Academia Sinica No. 128, Sec. 2, Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan;</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="039F87BDFF9D1119AAB0E680FC6AF986" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11512350" ID-GBIF-Taxon="235036001" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11512350" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039F87BDFF9D1119AAB0E680FC6AF986" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039F87BDFF9D1119AAB0E680FC6AF986" lastPageNumber="102" pageId="71" pageNumber="102">
<subSubSection id="C32C6520FF9D1119AAB0E680FE84FA46" pageId="71" pageNumber="102" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8936ABFF9D1119AAB0E680FCEEFB73" blockId="71.[431,864,1153,1177]" box="[431,864,1153,1177]" pageId="71" pageNumber="102">
<heading id="D0C181C7FF9D1119AAB0E680FCEEFB73" box="[431,864,1153,1177]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="71" pageNumber="102" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B942EAB9FF9D1119AAB0E680FCEEFB73" bold="true" box="[431,864,1153,1177]" pageId="71" pageNumber="102">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="4C364D28FF9D1119AAE0E680FCEEFB73" ID-CoL="7KY5" ID-ENA="2768297" authority="Okamura, 1970" authorityName="Okamura" authorityYear="1970" box="[511,864,1153,1177]" family="Macrouridae" genus="Spicomacrurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="71" pageNumber="102" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B942EAB9FF9D1119AAE0E680FD28FB73" bold="true" box="[511,678,1153,1177]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="102">Spicomacrurus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B5AFF9D1119A9B1E680FCEEFB73" author="OKAMURA, O." box="[686,864,1153,1177]" pageId="71" pageNumber="102" refId="ref80837" refString="OKAMURA, O. 1970. Fauna Japonica, Macrourina (Pisces). Academic Press, Tokyo, Japan. 216 p." type="book" year="1970">Okamura, 1970</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936ABFF9D1119ABB4E6B5FE84FA46" blockId="71.[123,1174,1204,1644]" pageId="71" pageNumber="102">
<emphasis id="B942EAB9FF9D1119ABB4E6B5FE45FB20" bold="true" box="[171,459,1204,1228]" pageId="71" pageNumber="102">
<smallCapsWord id="8D6FA077FF9D1119ABB4E6B5FED5FB20" baselines="1222,1221" box="[171,347,1204,1228]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Distinguishing" pageId="71" pageNumber="102">DISTINGUISHING</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D6FA077FF9D1119AA7DE6B6FE45FB20" baselines="1221" box="[354,459,1207,1226]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="features" pageId="71" pageNumber="102">FEATURES</smallCapsWord>
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.— Snout low, pointed and slightly protruding, median and lateral processes of nasal bone forming broad horizontal plates; head about as broad as high; body and head cylindrical; head mucous canals moderately developed; head covering mostly transparent; light organ long, small lens on chest anterior to pelvic-fin bases connected by a black streak to elongated posterior lens immediately before anus; ventral striae well developed; inner GR-I, lower limb, 1012; spinous ray of 1D completely smooth; chin barbel present; gular region with netlike epidermal cover; outer pelvic ray with narrow membranous flange that is somewhat expanded distally near tip.
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<subSubSection id="C32C6520FF9D1119ABB4E7B5FC6AF986" pageId="71" pageNumber="102" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B8936ABFF9D1119ABB4E7B5FC6AF986" blockId="71.[123,1174,1204,1644]" pageId="71" pageNumber="102">
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<emphasis id="B942EAB9FF9D1119ABB4E7B5FE98FA20" bold="true" box="[171,278,1460,1484]" pageId="71" pageNumber="102">REMARKS</emphasis>
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.—
<taxonomicName id="4C364D28FF9D1119AA21E7B5FE51FA21" authorityName="Okamura" authorityYear="1970" box="[318,479,1460,1483]" family="Macrouridae" genus="Spicomacrurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="71" pageNumber="102" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B942EAB9FF9D1119AA21E7B5FE51FA21" box="[318,479,1460,1483]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="102">Spicomacrurus</emphasis>
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was originally treated as a subgenus of
<taxonomicName id="4C364D28FF9D1119A8D9E7B5FBD1FA26" authorityName="Gilbert and Hubbs" authorityYear="1920" box="[966,1119,1460,1484]" family="Macrouridae" genus="Hymenogadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="71" pageNumber="102" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B942EAB9FF9D1119A8D9E7B5FBD1FA26" box="[966,1119,1460,1484]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="102">Hymenogadus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B5AFF9D1119AB64E7D5FEE8FA06" author="IWAMOTO, T. &amp; K. - T. SHAO &amp; H. - C. HO" box="[123,358,1492,1516]" pageId="71" pageNumber="102" pagination="513 - 530" refId="ref79465" refString="IWAMOTO, T., K. - T. SHAO, AND H. - C. HO. 2011. Elevation of Spicomacrurus (Gadiformes: Macrouridae) to generic status, with descriptions of two new species from the southwestern Pacific. Bulletin of Marine Science 87 (3): 513 - 530." type="journal article" year="2011">Iwamoto et al. (2011)</bibRefCitation>
elevated the subgenus to full generic status. Although obviously related to members of the genera
<taxonomicName id="4C364D28FF9D1119AA6CE7F5FDA5F9E6" authorityName="Giglioli" authorityYear="1882" box="[371,555,1524,1548]" family="Macrouridae" genus="Hymenocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="71" pageNumber="102" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B942EAB9FF9D1119AA6CE7F5FDA5F9E6" box="[371,555,1524,1548]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="102">Hymenocephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="B942EAB9FF9D1119A941E7F5FD70F9E1" box="[606,766,1524,1548]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="102">
<taxonomicName id="4C364D28FF9D1119A941E7F5FD79F9E6" authorityName="Gilbert and Hubbs" authorityYear="1920" box="[606,759,1524,1548]" family="Macrouridae" genus="Hymenogadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="71" pageNumber="102" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Hymenogadus</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
the four species of
<taxonomicName id="4C364D28FF9D1119A8D2E7F5FBE0F9E1" authorityName="Okamura" authorityYear="1970" box="[973,1134,1524,1547]" family="Macrouridae" genus="Spicomacrurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="71" pageNumber="102" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B942EAB9FF9D1119A8D2E7F5FBE0F9E1" box="[973,1134,1524,1547]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="102">Spicomacrurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are readily differentiated from them by the broad horizontal plates of their nasal bones, elongated posterior lens of the light organ, netlike gular covering, and membranous flange of the outer pelvic fin ray.
<taxonomicName id="4C364D28FF9D1119ABB6E455FE4BF986" baseAuthorityName="Kamohara" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[169,453,1620,1644]" family="Macrouridae" genus="Spicomacrurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="71" pageNumber="102" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kuronumai">
<emphasis id="B942EAB9FF9D1119ABB6E455FE4BF986" box="[169,453,1620,1644]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="102">Spicomacrurus kuronumai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the only member of the genus found in
<collectingCountry id="F321763BFF9D1119A891E455FC6EF986" box="[910,992,1620,1644]" name="Taiwan" pageId="71" pageNumber="102">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
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