treatments-xml/data/03/9F/87/039F8788FFE5FFCEAB24F9A413D2420C.xml
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<document id="A6A99B7F543BB487D0E9B762FA245CB4" ID-CLB-Dataset="22023" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2017.338" ID-GBIF-Dataset="be9f3ab9-3131-4e11-8d29-a94275ffaac9" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3834349" ID-ZooBank="86786AB1-4A1A-4A1E-B42B-53B73D66ED60" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1589907623398" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Albrecht, Anders Christian" docDate="2017" docId="039F8788FFE5FFCEAB24F9A413D2420C" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-2017-338.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 338" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Pineus (Pineus) similis" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="7" masterDocId="FFA6FFF0FFE0FFC8A914FFF311354058" masterDocTitle="Illustrated identification guide to the Nordic aphids feeding on Conifers (Pinophyta) (Insecta, Hemiptera, Sternorhyncha, Aphidomorpha)" masterLastPageNumber="160" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="6" updateTime="1698840308244" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="8D2EBAF1AABE1906815F95A407893812">Illustrated identification guide to the Nordic aphids feeding on Conifers (Pinophyta) (Insecta, Hemiptera, Sternorhyncha, Aphidomorpha)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="63B1740E0AB0F9532819B90C0D50D554">Albrecht, Anders Christian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="265B4E1A8514987F248ED07211248184">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="7D93864BCBA99EBECB5E92182DF61F75">2017</mods:date>
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<treatment id="039F8788FFE5FFCEAB24F9A413D2420C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3851538" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164184840" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3851538" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039F8788FFE5FFCEAB24F9A413D2420C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039F8788FFE5FFCEAB24F9A413D2420C" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<subSubSection id="C32C6515FFE5FFCDAB24F9A415364629" box="[560,1027,1623,1650]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B89369EFFE5FFCDAB24F9A415364629" blockId="5.[560,1027,1623,1650]" box="[560,1027,1623,1650]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<heading id="D0C181F2FFE5FFCDAB24F9A415364629" box="[560,1027,1623,1650]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C364D1DFFE5FFCDAB24F9A415364629" ID-CoL="4HYBQ" authority="(Gillette, 1907)" baseAuthorityName="Gillette" baseAuthorityYear="1907" box="[560,1027,1623,1650]" class="Insecta" family="Adelgidae" genus="Pineus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis" subGenus="Pineus">
<emphasis id="B942EA8CFFE5FFCDAB24F9A41272462A" bold="true" box="[560,839,1623,1650]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Pineus (Pineus) similis</emphasis>
(Gillette, 1907)
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</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C32C6515FFE5FFCEA9A9F96C12494137" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B89369EFFE5FFCDA9A9F96C100346E1" blockId="5.[189,310,1695,1721]" box="[189,310,1695,1721]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<heading id="D0C181F2FFE5FFCDA9A9F96C100346E1" bold="true" box="[189,310,1695,1721]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B942EA8CFFE5FFCDA9A9F96C100346E1" bold="true" box="[189,310,1695,1721]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
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<paragraph id="8B89369EFFE5FFCEA9A9F92612494137" blockId="5.[189,1399,1749,2027]" lastBlockId="6.[189,1399,267,367]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
In or near galls on shoots. Both apterous (uniquely) and al. gallicolae produced. Al. gallicolae
<quantity id="4CCE9B7BFFE5FFCDAC1AF926144746B7" box="[1294,1394,1749,1775]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">12 mm</quantity>
, dark reddish brown.Anholocyclic, monoecious on a wide range of
<taxonomicName id="4C364D1DFFE5FFCDAAAFF8F312CB4741" box="[955,1022,1792,1817]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B942EA8CFFE5FFCDAAAFF8F312CB4741" box="[955,1022,1792,1817]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Picea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species. In North America
<taxonomicName id="4C364D1DFFE5FFCDAC20F8F311CE471B" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="abies">
<emphasis id="B942EA8CFFE5FFCDAC20F8F311CE471B" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Picea abies</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C364D1DFFE5FFCDA81EF8DA106F471B" authorityName="Voss" authorityYear="2010" baseAuthorityName="Moench" box="[266,346,1833,1859]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glauca">
<emphasis id="B942EA8CFFE5FFCDA81EF8DA106F471B" box="[266,346,1833,1859]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">glauca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B942EA8CFFE5FFCDA87CF8DA10C4471B" box="[360,497,1833,1859]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">engelmanni</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C364D1DFFE5FFCDAB14F8D91356471B" box="[512,611,1834,1859]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mariana">
<emphasis id="B942EA8CFFE5FFCDAB14F8D91356471B" box="[512,611,1834,1859]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">mariana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C364D1DFFE5FFCDAB66F8D913E1471B" box="[626,724,1834,1859]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pungens">
<emphasis id="B942EA8CFFE5FFCDAB66F8D913E1471B" box="[626,724,1834,1859]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">pungens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B942EA8CFFE5FFCDABF6F8DA1207471B" box="[738,818,1833,1859]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">rubens</emphasis>
; in Britain colonising
<taxonomicName id="4C364D1DFFE5FFCDAD2EF8D91444471B" authority="(Carter 1976)" baseAuthorityName="Carter" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[1082,1393,1833,1859]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sitchensis">
<emphasis id="B942EA8CFFE5FFCDAD2EF8D915FC471B" box="[1082,1225,1833,1859]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">P. sitchensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B6FFFE5FFCDADCEF8DA1453471B" author="Carter C. I." box="[1242,1382,1833,1859]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="29 - 32" refId="ref18034" refString="Carter C. I. 1976. A gall forming adelgid (Pineus similis) new to Britain with a key to the adelgid galls on Sitka Spruce. Entomologist's Monthly Magazine 111: 29 - 32 (1975)." type="journal article" year="1976">Carter 1976</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. Pseudofundatrices overwinter in the second or third instar under bud scales. In spring they cause rather loose galls
<quantity id="4CCE9B7BFFE5FFCDA850F88E10A847CF" box="[324,413,1917,1943]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="cm" value="2.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="1.0">14 cm</quantity>
long, with the constituent needles much paler than the normal new growth. As the gall matures the shoot and needles become brown and twisted giving it a ragged appearance. Apterous gallicolae oviposit within the galls, but may also be found outside the galls, laying eggs in small tufts of wax on the stem. Al. gallicolae, 1.0
<quantity id="4CCE9B7BFFE6FFCEAB78FEF813FD417E" box="[620,712,267,294]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="2.1">2.1 mm</quantity>
, dark reddish-brown, fly in JuneJuly to recolonise spruce needles, laying eggs in white wax wool. These apparently develop into the overwintering pseudofundatrix generation. Diagnosis based on
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B6FFFE6FFCEAB27FEA7124C4137" author="Blackman R. L. &amp; Eastop V. F." box="[563,889,340,367]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref17847" refString="Blackman R. L. &amp; Eastop V. F. 2006. Aphids on the World's Herbaceous Plants and Shrubs (2 vols). Wiley, Chichester." type="book" year="2006">Blackman &amp; Eastop (2006)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32C6515FFE6FFCEA9A9FE6410CC41B9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8B89369EFFE6FFCEA9A9FE64133241EA" blockId="6.[189,519,407,434]" box="[189,519,407,434]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="B942EA8CFFE6FFCEA9A9FE64104841E9" bold="true" box="[189,381,407,433]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Recorded hosts</emphasis>
(in Britain)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B89369EFFE6FFCEA9A9FE3410CC41B9" blockId="6.[189,505,455,481]" box="[189,505,455,481]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicName id="4C364D1DFFE6FFCEA9A9FE34101F41B9" box="[189,298,455,481]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Pinaceae</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="B942EA8CFFE6FFCEA821FE3B10CC41B9" box="[309,505,455,481]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicName id="4C364D1DFFE6FFCEA821FE3B10C041B9" baseAuthorityName="Carter" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[309,501,455,481]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sitchensis">Picea sitchensis</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32C6515FFE6FFCEA9A9FDFA13D2420C" box="[189,743,521,596]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B89369EFFE6FFCEA9A9FDFA1063427B" blockId="6.[189,342,521,547]" box="[189,342,521,547]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<heading id="D0C181F2FFE6FFCEA9A9FDFA1063427B" bold="true" box="[189,342,521,547]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B942EA8CFFE6FFCEA9A9FDFA1063427B" bold="true" box="[189,342,521,547]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B89369EFFE6FFCEA9A9FDCA13D2420C" blockId="6.[189,743,569,596]" box="[189,743,569,596]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">North America, introduced to Europe (Britain).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>