167 lines
24 KiB
XML
167 lines
24 KiB
XML
<document id="F045452AA84C4BE91FF1A5AEEA05117A" ID-CLB-Dataset="5333" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3846.2.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="abc923a1-d566-4f2d-ae33-8488ab51424f" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4928545" ID-ZooBank="3844E8F1-A20C-44B4-9B47-B170F5A7C0C2" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1623435092970" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Mabuchi, Kohji, Fraser, Thomas H., Song, Hayeun, Azuma, Yoichiro & Nishida, Mutsumi" docDate="2014" docId="CA3F4E7D81390B32FF78C274FB15D1C9" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03846p203.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3846 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Pristiapogonini Fraser & Mabuchi 2014" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="184" masterDocId="3606360581180B13FFEFC668FFB5D67B" masterDocTitle="Revision of the systematics of the cardinalfishes (Percomorpha: Apogonidae) based on molecular analyses and comparative reevaluation of morphological characters" masterLastPageNumber="203" masterPageNumber="151" pageNumber="184" updateTime="1699012218930" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="65716B594BCC68376B7C68666AC4D8A9">
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<mods:title id="3828ECF222EC016A056AB41CA71CEFCB">Revision of the systematics of the cardinalfishes (Percomorpha: Apogonidae) based on molecular analyses and comparative reevaluation of morphological characters</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="CDD32200755C7A7A9668B96DAE085140" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="A009B8E63531B668422D3B59ECC76DD8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="D1CE53ABD0DDD0E67A84C1606909C4B6">Mabuchi, Kohji</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F170773711C94DA9B78B90025DE47BC5">Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, 5 - 1 - 5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277 - 8564, Japan.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="CD7D34A744448CE9B9D3284F2ECF2D24">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="A30F99F15C89FE7BAA535E33913F087A">Fraser, Thomas H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9C58DFBA220D12FD65D4A93D28022AFC">Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Dickinson Hall, Museum Road, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, United States Mote Marine Laboratory, 1600 Ken Thompson Parkway, Sarasota, Florida 34236, United States. E-mail: cardinalfish @ comcast. net University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara-cho, Okinawa 903 - 0213, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="770EDC16F1F59BBC7BD28D2E5070A2FF" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="B0F00B7A06F34B13C7E5DD84EAE412EC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="5FB0D7D527BA7C25E73412E040D0AE3B">Song, Hayeun</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="968D7FB47318DEB73E4DCFFFCDA9BE6F">Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, 5 - 1 - 5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277 - 8564, Japan.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="F05D42FA4E814A3B8B112EE9301C7A1B" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="ED92F84161345F67C3550043DC15E60B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="6CBFB1AFD0D2B00B058EF7FFFF1DEC4A">Azuma, Yoichiro</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4A8D0E0BCA69595EEDD961C9650156FA">Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, 5 - 1 - 5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277 - 8564, Japan.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="29DA08542B1E6FD6B6DA228284F2056C">Nishida, Mutsumi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E3B60B56AB2CABC1FDA11AADE37CBEDE">Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, 5 - 1 - 5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277 - 8564, Japan.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="646D750277041B5C01D01FCA034A4F6F">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="FA473687DC917B4694F229D5E4657A6E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="8F168A10B63089FF06163C9F8259A080">
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<mods:date id="6CD37A5E627DC098D8AFB9B7C09737A5">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D182658A46D838AB365C41E0EF40445A">2014-08-01</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="81BBC9932DDE8DA37A511310B9157C29">3846</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="E8DF8D9F3501C70FEFD7A2E653D3EE84" type="CLB-Dataset">5333</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E8AFEC3B874625A5FE398C8521328CCC" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3846.2.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="0CFA0B3C0825D8441342D45888352036" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="4E881DC23BD261F8A38605C18A44C589" type="Zenodo-Dep">4928545</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="CA3F4E7D81390B32FF78C274FB15D1C9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5116912" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183718598" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5116912" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CA3F4E7D81390B32FF78C274FB15D1C9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CA3F4E7D81390B32FF78C274FB15D1C9" lastPageNumber="184" pageId="33" pageNumber="184">
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<subSubSection id="0A8CACE081390B32FF78C274FCB5D24D" box="[151,768,1052,1078]" pageId="33" pageNumber="184" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="4229FF6B81390B32FF78C274FCB5D24D" blockId="33.[151,768,1052,1078]" box="[151,768,1052,1078]" pageId="33" pageNumber="184">
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Tribe
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<taxonomicName id="859684E881390B32FF33C274FDC7D24D" authorityName="Fraser & Mabuchi" authorityYear="2014" box="[220,626,1052,1078]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apogonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="33" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="tribe" subFamily="Fraser" tribe="Pristiapogonini">
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<emphasis id="70E2237981390B32FF33C274FD96D24D" bold="true" box="[220,547,1052,1078]" pageId="33" pageNumber="184">Pristiapogonini new name</emphasis>
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Fraser
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</taxonomicName>
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& Mabuchi
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0A8CACE081390B32FF78C20BFDF3D203" box="[151,582,1122,1144]" pageId="33" pageNumber="184" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="4229FF6B81390B32FF78C20BFDF3D203" blockId="33.[151,582,1122,1144]" box="[151,582,1122,1144]" pageId="33" pageNumber="184">
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<typeStatus id="9D2D41C981390B32FF78C20BFF7FD203" box="[151,202,1123,1144]" pageId="33" pageNumber="184">Type</typeStatus>
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genus
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<taxonomicName id="859684E881390B32FEFEC20BFDF3D203" ID-CoL="6VWP" authority="Klunzinger 1870" authorityName="Klunzinger" authorityYear="1870" box="[273,582,1122,1144]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apogonidae" genus="Pristiapogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="33" pageNumber="184" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="70E2237981390B32FEFEC20BFE23D203" box="[273,406,1123,1144]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="184">Pristiapogon</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2607829A81390B32FE74C20AFDF3D203" author="Klunzinger, C. B." box="[411,582,1122,1144]" pageId="33" pageNumber="184" pagination="669 - 834" refId="ref34194" refString="Klunzinger, C. B. (1870) Synopsis der Fische des Rothen Meeres. I. Theil. Percoiden-Mugiloiden. Verhandlungen der K. - K. zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 20, 669 - 834." type="journal article" year="1870">Klunzinger 1870</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0A8CACE081390B32FF78C2CDFCA7D05D" pageId="33" pageNumber="184" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="4229FF6B81390B32FF78C2CDFB33D351" blockId="33.[151,1437,1189,1970]" pageId="33" pageNumber="184">
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<emphasis id="70E2237981390B32FF78C2CDFEA4D2C5" bold="true" box="[151,273,1189,1214]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="184" reason="1">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Members of the
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<taxonomicName id="859684E881390B32FE36C2CDFDD3D2C5" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1859" box="[473,614,1189,1214]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apogonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="33" pageNumber="184" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Apogoninae">Apogoninae</taxonomicName>
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: dorsal fin VI+I,9 or VII+I,9; anal fin II,8; head and body with ctenoid scales; pored lateral-line scales 23–25; preopercle ridge serrate, edges serrate; infraorbitals serrate; three supraneurals; supramaxilla absent; basisphenoid present; one pair of uroneurals or absent; three epurals; five free hypurals; parhypural separate; one or two supernumerary dorsal spines; caudal fin forked.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4229FF6B81390B32FF28C35DFCA7D05D" blockId="33.[151,1437,1189,1970]" pageId="33" pageNumber="184">
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<emphasis id="70E2237981390B32FF28C35DFE79D335" bold="true" box="[199,460,1333,1358]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="184" reason="1">Other characteristics.</emphasis>
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first segmented fin-ray in second dorsal-fin branched, first anal-fin ray branched and segmented; ctenoid scales on predorsal, cheek, breast, two pelvic scales, and body; ctenoid scales on opercle and onto base of caudal fin; pored lateral-line scales with multiple pores; pectoral fin-rays 12–16; 9+8 segmented principal caudal rays, 15 branched, upper and lower unbranched; unbranched procurrent rays, longest segmented; teeth in one or multiple rows on premaxilla, dentary, vomer, palatine, all villiform or absent on palatine; six infraorbitals, bony shelf on third infraorbital; anterior ceratohyal smooth or notched; developed gill rakers 10–19; 10+14 vertebrae; 8 ribs; 8 epipleurals; low crest on PU2.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0A8CACE081390B32FF28C059FEF4D0A1" pageId="33" pageNumber="184" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="4229FF6B81390B32FF28C059FEF4D0A1" blockId="33.[151,1437,1189,1970]" pageId="33" pageNumber="184">
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<emphasis id="70E2237981390B32FF28C059FED5D031" bold="true" box="[199,352,1585,1610]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="184" reason="1">Distribution.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="859684E881390B32FE82C05AFE4AD032" authorityName="Klunzinger" authorityYear="1870" box="[365,511,1586,1609]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apogonidae" genus="Pristiapogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="33" pageNumber="184" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="70E2237981390B32FE82C05AFE4AD032" box="[365,511,1586,1609]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="184">Pristiapogon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is wide spread from East Africa, Red Sea, Indian Ocean Islands,
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<collectingCountry id="3A81BFFB81390B32FAC7C059FA2DD031" box="[1320,1432,1585,1610]" name="Indonesia" pageId="33" pageNumber="184">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="3A81BFFB81390B32FF78C03DFEADD015" box="[151,280,1621,1646]" name="Philippines" pageId="33" pageNumber="184">Philippines</collectingCountry>
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, Pacific islands to Hawaii,
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<collectingCountry id="3A81BFFB81390B32FDA8C03EFD3FD016" box="[583,650,1622,1645]" name="Japan" pageId="33" pageNumber="184">Japan</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="3A81BFFB81390B32FD7BC03DFCE0D015" box="[660,853,1621,1646]" name="French Polynesia" pageId="33" pageNumber="184">French Polynesia</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="3A81BFFB81390B32FC64C03DFC40D015" box="[907,1013,1621,1646]" name="Australia" pageId="33" pageNumber="184">Australia</collectingCountry>
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. One species of
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<taxonomicName id="859684E881390B32FB45C03EFA29D015" authority="Fraser 1972" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1972" box="[1194,1436,1621,1646]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apogonidae" genus="Pristicon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="33" pageNumber="184" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="70E2237981390B32FB45C03EFAA4D016" box="[1194,1297,1622,1645]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="184">Pristicon</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2607829A81390B32FAF8C03EFA29D015" author="Fraser, T. H." box="[1303,1436,1621,1646]" pageId="33" pageNumber="184" pagination="1 - 105" refId="ref32750" refString="Fraser, T. H. (1972) Comparative osteology of the shallow water cardinal fishes (Perciformes: Apogonidae) with references to the systematics and evolution of the family. Ichthyological Bulletin of the J. L. B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, 34, i - v + 1 - 105." type="journal article" year="1972">Fraser 1972</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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is restricted to the West Pacific. Another species reaches out to some islands on the Pacific Plate. One species of
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<taxonomicName id="859684E881390B32FF78C0F6FF4BD0CE" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1972" box="[151,254,1694,1717]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apogonidae" genus="Pristicon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="33" pageNumber="184" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="70E2237981390B32FF78C0F6FF4BD0CE" box="[151,254,1694,1717]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="184">Pristicon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has been reported from the west coast of
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<collectingCountry id="3A81BFFB81390B32FD18C0F5FC86D0CD" box="[759,819,1693,1718]" name="India" pageId="33" pageNumber="184">India</collectingCountry>
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, with a gap between
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<collectingCountry id="3A81BFFB81390B32FBDAC0F5FBDAD0CD" box="[1077,1135,1693,1718]" name="India" pageId="33" pageNumber="184">India</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="3A81BFFB81390B32FB42C0F5FAAFD0CD" box="[1197,1306,1693,1718]" name="Indonesia" pageId="33" pageNumber="184">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="2607829A81390B32FAC2C0F5FE80D0A1" author="Suresh, G. K. & Thomas, P. A." pageId="33" pageNumber="184" pagination="105 - 108" refId="ref36072" refString="Suresh, G. K. & Thomas, P. A. (2007) Three new records of apogonids (Order-Perciformes, Suborder - Percoidei from the Indian seas. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India, 49 (1), 105 - 108." type="journal article" year="2007">Suresh & Thomas 2007</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0A8CACE081390B32FF28C08DFB15D1C9" pageId="33" pageNumber="184" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="4229FF6B81390B32FF28C08DFB15D1C9" blockId="33.[151,1437,1189,1970]" pageId="33" pageNumber="184">
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<emphasis id="70E2237981390B32FF28C08DFE8ED085" bold="true" box="[199,315,1765,1790]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="184" reason="1">Remarks.</emphasis>
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This tribe contains two genera,
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<taxonomicName id="859684E881390B32FD5CC08EFCF0D086" authorityName="Klunzinger" authorityYear="1870" box="[691,837,1766,1789]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apogonidae" genus="Pristiapogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="33" pageNumber="184" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="70E2237981390B32FD5CC08EFCF0D086" box="[691,837,1766,1789]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="184">Pristiapogon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="859684E881390B32FC6EC08EFC5DD086" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1972" box="[897,1000,1766,1789]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apogonidae" genus="Pristicon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="33" pageNumber="184" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="70E2237981390B32FC6EC08EFC5DD086" box="[897,1000,1766,1789]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="184">Pristicon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, corresponding to the clade VI in the molecular trees (
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<figureCitation id="DAADE3EE81390B32FEBCC161FE0AD159" box="[339,447,1801,1826]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStart-2="FIGURE 4" captionStart-3="FIGURE 5" captionStart-4="FIGURE 6" captionStartId-0="15.[151,250,1809,1831]" captionStartId-1="16.[151,250,1890,1912]" captionStartId-2="17.[151,250,1870,1892]" captionStartId-3="18.[151,250,1881,1903]" captionStartId-4="19.[151,250,1832,1854]" captionTargetBox-0="[292,1276,196,1779]" captionTargetBox-1="[251,1313,199,1857]" captionTargetBox-2="[375,1230,199,1845]" captionTargetBox-3="[375,1230,199,1856]" captionTargetBox-4="[268,1294,202,1802]" captionTargetId-0="figure-147@15.[292,1289,193,1783]" captionTargetId-1="figure-109@16.[251,1343,193,1865]" captionTargetId-2="figure-115@17.[344,1242,193,1849]" captionTargetId-3="figure-103@18.[344,1242,193,1860]" captionTargetId-4="figure-152@19.[258,1313,195,1812]" captionTargetPageId-0="15" captionTargetPageId-1="16" captionTargetPageId-2="17" captionTargetPageId-3="18" captionTargetPageId-4="19" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Phylogenetic tree from the partitioned maximum-likelihood (ML) analysis. Numbers besides internal branches indicate bootstrap probabilities (BPs) from 1000 replicates (only those of> 50% shown). Species names of recent Ostorhinchus [we included here Apogonichthyoides melas as a possible Ostorhinchus, following Mabuchi et al. (2006)] were blue, those of Apogon sensu lato [genus Apogon in Fraser (1972)] excepting the Ostorhinchus red, and those of genus Rhabdamia in Fraser (1972) green. The names of the twelve major clades (clades I to XII) within the Apogoninae were indicated on the left of the corresponding clades. Four species, which phylogenetic positions were largely different among the ML, Bayesian (BA: Fig. 3), and most parsimonious (MP: Figs. 4 and 5) tress, were indicated by arrows with asterisks." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Phylogenetic tree (50% majority-rule consensus tree) from the partitioned Bayesian (BA) analysis. Numbers besides internal branches indicate Bayesian posterior probabilities (PPs: shown as percentages, only those of> 50% shown). Species names were colored as in Figure 2. The names of the twelve major clades were indicated as in Figure 2. Four species, which phylogenetic positions were largely different among the ML (Fig. 2), BA (Fig. 3), and most parsimonious (MP: Figs. 4 and 5) tress, were indicated by arrows with asterisks." captionText-2="FIGURE 4. Strict consensus tree of two of the five most parsimonious (MP) trees (MP tree-A). Numbers besides internal branches indicate bootstrap probabilities (BPs) from 1000 replicates (only those of> 50% shown). Topological incongruity between the two MP trees denoted by an arrowhead. Four species, which phylogenetic positions were largely different among the ML (Fig. 2), BA (Fig. 3), and MP (Figs. 4 and 5) tress, were indicated by arrows with asterisks. Species names were colored as in Figure 2. The names of the twelve clades were indicated as in Figure 2." captionText-3="FIGURE 5. Strict consensus tree of the remaining three of the five most parsimonious (MP) trees (MP tree-B). Topological incongruities between the three MP trees denoted by arrowheads. Four species, which phylogenetic positions were largely different among the ML (Fig. 2), BA (Fig. 3), and MP (Figs. 4 and 5) tress, were indicated by arrows with asterisks. This tree was largely different from the MP tree-A (Fig. 4) in the positions of Pterapogon kauderni and Vincentia novaehollandiae." captionText-4="FIGURE 6. Strict consensus tree of the ML, BA and MP trees shown in Figures 2-5. Species names were colored as in Figures 2–5. The names of the twelve major clades (clades I to XII) within the Apogoninae were indicated besides the corresponding clades, while the names of the thirteen tribes (defined based on morphological characters) on the right of corresponding major and minor clades. The tribe Lepidamiini is not in the tree. Tribes with solid bars include species of Apogon sensu lato, and those with open bars do not include it. Geographic ranges were indicated on the right of the clades only for the species of clade II (Apogonini), all the other apogonids occurring on Indo-Pacific Basin. For the revised genus names of some species, see Appendix A." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4928551" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4928553" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4928559" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4928561" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4928563" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4928551/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4928553/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/4928559/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/4928561/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/4928563/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="184">Figs. 2–6</figureCitation>
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,
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<tableCitation id="0F14CAD081390B32FE24C161FD94D159" box="[459,545,1801,1826]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="13.[147,237,496,519]" captionTargetId="graphics-79@13.[131,1887,567,1140]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="TABLE 4. Major clades reproduced in ML, BA and MP analyses with its support values [bootstrap probabilities (BPs) for ML and MP analyses, Bayesian posterior probabilities (PPs) for BA analysis], genera included, and correspondence to the tribes that were morphologically defined in this study." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/16E9AFE381150B1EFF7CC798F981D45D" pageId="33" pageNumber="184" tableUuid="16E9AFE381150B1EFF7CC798F981D45D">Table 4</tableCitation>
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). Although bootstrap values supporting the tribe were not so high (62 and 56% BPs in ML and MP analyses, respectively), this tribe is morphologically well-defined: relatively large body with serrations on the preopercle ridge (a likely synapomorphy), edges and infraorbitals (a likely synapomorphy). Species of
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<taxonomicName id="859684E881390B32FEFDC11EFE11D1F6" authorityName="Klunzinger" authorityYear="1870" box="[274,420,1910,1933]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apogonidae" genus="Pristiapogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="33" pageNumber="184" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="70E2237981390B32FEFDC11EFE11D1F6" box="[274,420,1910,1933]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="184">Pristiapogon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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usually have a darkish single stripe and/or a variable basicaudal spot while
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<taxonomicName id="859684E881390B32FB16C11EFAD5D1F6" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1972" box="[1273,1376,1910,1933]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apogonidae" genus="Pristicon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="33" pageNumber="184" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="70E2237981390B32FB16C11EFAD5D1F6" box="[1273,1376,1910,1933]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="184">Pristicon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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have bars or saddles under the dorsal fins and spots at the base of the caudal fin or on the opercle.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |