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<mods:title id="C2FCDFBF19E79253C1860C3339CB40BC">Culicoides Latreille and Leptoconops Skuse biting midges of the southwestern United States with emphasis on the Canyonlands of southeastern Utah (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)</mods:title>
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<treatment id="E8511E53FFCBEF6B6A8AFF15FD47FC59" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6391722" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6391722" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E8511E53FFCBEF6B6A8AFF15FD47FC59" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E8511E53FFCBEF6B6A8AFF15FD47FC59" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">
<subSubSection id="28E2FCCEFFCBEF6B6A8AFF15FCB0FF17" box="[192,892,213,243]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="6047AF45FFCBEF6B6A8AFF15FCB0FF17" blockId="23.[192,892,213,243]" box="[192,892,213,243]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">
<heading id="3B0F1829FFCBEF6B6A8AFF15FCB0FF17" box="[192,892,213,243]" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="A7F8D4C6FFCBEF6B6A8AFF15FCB0FF17" ID-CoL="8CHSW" authority="Clastrier and Wirth" authorityName="Clastrier and Wirth" box="[192,892,213,243]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Leptoconops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atchleyi" subGenus="Holoconops">
<emphasis id="528C7357FFCBEF6B6A8AFF15FCB0FF17" bold="true" box="[192,892,213,243]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="528C7357FFCBEF6B6A8AFF15FE91FF16" bold="true" box="[192,349,214,242]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">Leptoconops</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="528C7357FFCBEF6B6B24FF16FDCCFF16" bold="true" box="[366,512,213,242]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">Holoconops</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="528C7357FFCBEF6B685BFF16FDB9FF16" bold="true" box="[529,629,213,242]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">atchleyi</emphasis>
Clastrier and Wirth
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="28E2FCCEFFCBEF6B6AAAFEC2FCD1FED3" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="6047AF45FFCBEF6B6AAAFEC2FCD1FED3" blockId="23.[224,1440,256,311]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="40E8886BFFCBEF6B6AAAFEC2FCD1FED3" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">
<treatmentCitation id="E1598954FFCBEF6B6AAAFEC2FCA4FEFC" author="Clastrier J &amp; Wirth WW" box="[224,872,256,280]" page="32" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" year="1978">
<taxonomicName id="A7F8D4C6FFCBEF6B6AAAFEC2FCA4FEFC" ID-CoL="8CHSW" authority="Clastrier and Wirth, 1978: 32" authorityName="Clastrier and Wirth" authorityPageNumber="32" authorityYear="1978" box="[224,872,256,280]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Leptoconops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atchleyi" subGenus="Holoconops">
<emphasis id="528C7357FFCBEF6B6AAAFEC2FE91FEFC" box="[224,349,257,280]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">Leptoconops</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="528C7357FFCBEF6B6B20FEC3FE13FEFC" box="[362,479,256,280]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">Holoconops</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="528C7357FFCBEF6B6BA6FEC3FDF7FEFC" box="[492,571,256,280]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">atchleyi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="0469D2B4FFCBEF6B680AFEC3FCA4FEFC" author="Clastrier J &amp; Wirth WW" box="[576,872,256,280]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" pagination="1 - 58" refId="ref128879" refString="Clastrier J, Wirth WW. 1978. The Leptoconops kerteszi complex in North America (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). United States Department of Agriculture Technical Bulletin 1573: 1 - 58." type="journal article" year="1978">Clastrier and Wirth, 1978: 32</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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(key; female, male; fig. female antenna, palpus, spermathecae, male genitalia, gonostyli, palpus;
<collectingRegion id="A23C61A7FFCBEF6B68EFFEDCFCDEFED3" box="[677,786,287,311]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">California</collectingRegion>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="28E2FCCEFFCBEF6B6A8AFE84FDD9FCF9" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="6047AF45FFCBEF6B6A8AFE84FDD9FCF9" blockId="23.[192,1442,327,797]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="528C7357FFCBEF6B6A8AFE84FEF1FE85" bold="true" box="[192,317,327,353]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
(
<tableCitation id="2D7A9AFEFFCBEF6B6B06FE84FE60FE86" box="[332,428,327,354]" captionStart="Table 13" captionStartId="150.[192,255,781,809]" captionText="Table 13.Quantitative characters of Leptoconops. Data in () are variations. Measurements and ratios are expressed as means. T9alp = male tergite9 apicolateral processes. f13/f12 = length of flagellomere13 divided by the length of flagellomere12. Wing, proboscis, teeth, setae, and spine data are compiled from Clastrier and Wirth (1978) for the Kerteszi group species and Wirth and Atchley (1973) for the others. Species marked (r) were not examined." pageId="23" pageNumber="22">Table 13</tableCitation>
) Body, femora, tibiae blackish, tarsomeres slightly paler; clypeus with four setae, median pair ≥0.8 as far apart from each other as from corresponding lateral setae and out-of-line distad of lateral setae by &lt;0.3 their distance apart (as in
<figureCitation id="F8C3B3C0FFCBEF6B6809FE4FFD6FFE42" box="[579,675,396,422]" captionStart="Figures 915. 9" captionStartId="164.[192,279,1765,1791]" captionTargetBox="[196,1431,251,1723]" captionTargetId="figure-103@164.[192,1440,251,1730]" captionTargetPageId="164" captionText="Figures 915. 9) Leptoconops americanus female clypeus, setae (s). 10) L. knowltoni female clypeus. 11) L. knowltoni female palpal segment 3. 12) L. carteri female palpal segment 3 (Yolo County, CA). 13) L. werneri female tarsomeres 45 and claw (paratype, Imperial County, CA [UCRC]). 14) L. werneri male genitalia, ventral view, tergite 9 apicolateral processes (T9alp), meso-posterior lobe setae (s) (Riverside County, CA [UCRC]). 15) L. belkini male genitalia, ventral view, tergite 9 sclerotized lobe (L) (Riverside County, CA [UCRC])." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6391690" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6391690/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">
Fig.
<specimenCount id="76FE64CCFFCBEF6B6839FE4FFD6FFE42" box="[627,675,396,422]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" type="generic">
10
<taxonomicName id="A7F8D4C6FFCBEF6B68DEFE4EFD6FFE42" box="[660,675,397,422]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Leptoconops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="knowltoni">
<emphasis id="528C7357FFCBEF6B68DEFE4EFD6FFE42" box="[660,675,397,422]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">L</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</specimenCount>
</figureCitation>
.
<emphasis id="528C7357FFCBEF6B68FBFE4FFCECFE42" box="[689,800,396,422]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">knowltoni</emphasis>
); palpal segment 3 sensory pit as deep as wide, broadening internally on female (as in
<figureCitation id="F8C3B3C0FFCBEF6B685FFE6DFDBFFE2C" box="[533,627,430,456]" captionStart="Figures 2732" captionStartId="167.[192,279,1833,1859]" captionTargetBox="[266,1363,216,1768]" captionTargetId="figure-71@167.[192,1440,216,1770]" captionTargetPageId="167" captionText="Figures 2732. Female Leptoconops. 27) L. knowltoni flagellomeres 911, median black seta (s). Spermathecae (sp), diverticulum (d), neck (spn). 28) L. foulki. 29) L. americanus. 30) L. sublettei flagellomeres 36, flagellomere 4 seta bases (sb), hyaline sensory seta (hss). Palpal segment 3. 31) L. sublettei. 32) L. foulki." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6391698" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6391698/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">
Fig.
<specimenCount id="76FE64CCFFCBEF6B680FFE6DFDBFFE2C" box="[581,627,430,456]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" type="generic">
31
<taxonomicName id="A7F8D4C6FFCBEF6B682EFE6CFDBFFE2C" box="[612,627,431,456]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sublettei">
<emphasis id="528C7357FFCBEF6B682EFE6CFDBFFE2C" box="[612,627,431,456]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">L</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</specimenCount>
</figureCitation>
.
<emphasis id="528C7357FFCBEF6B68CAFE6DFD11FE2C" box="[640,733,430,456]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">sublettei</emphasis>
); mid tarsomere 1 often with submedian spine. Female: stigma triangular, pointed; antenna with 11 flagellomeres; flagellomere 11 with submedian black seta; flagellomere 4 dorsal hyaline sensory seta distal and medial to long black seta, out of axial alignment with corresponding sensory setae on flagellomeres 510 (as in
<figureCitation id="F8C3B3C0FFCBEF6B68E2FDD7FCC0FDCA" box="[680,780,532,558]" captionStart="Figures 2732" captionStartId="167.[192,279,1833,1859]" captionTargetBox="[266,1363,216,1768]" captionTargetId="figure-71@167.[192,1440,216,1770]" captionTargetPageId="167" captionText="Figures 2732. Female Leptoconops. 27) L. knowltoni flagellomeres 911, median black seta (s). Spermathecae (sp), diverticulum (d), neck (spn). 28) L. foulki. 29) L. americanus. 30) L. sublettei flagellomeres 36, flagellomere 4 seta bases (sb), hyaline sensory seta (hss). Palpal segment 3. 31) L. sublettei. 32) L. foulki." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6391698" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6391698/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">
Fig.
<specimenCount id="76FE64CCFFCBEF6B6890FDD7FCC0FDCA" box="[730,780,532,558]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" type="generic">
30
<taxonomicName id="A7F8D4C6FFCBEF6B68B5FDD6FCC0FDCA" box="[767,780,533,558]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sublettei">
<emphasis id="528C7357FFCBEF6B68B5FDD6FCC0FDCA" box="[767,780,533,558]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">L</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</specimenCount>
</figureCitation>
.
<emphasis id="528C7357FFCBEF6B6956FDD7FCB5FDCA" box="[796,889,532,558]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">sublettei</emphasis>
); palpal segment 3 sensory pit opening half the diameter of the interior (as in
<figureCitation id="F8C3B3C0FFCBEF6B6852FDF5FDBAFDB4" box="[536,630,566,592]" captionStart="Figures 2732" captionStartId="167.[192,279,1833,1859]" captionTargetBox="[266,1363,216,1768]" captionTargetId="figure-71@167.[192,1440,216,1770]" captionTargetPageId="167" captionText="Figures 2732. Female Leptoconops. 27) L. knowltoni flagellomeres 911, median black seta (s). Spermathecae (sp), diverticulum (d), neck (spn). 28) L. foulki. 29) L. americanus. 30) L. sublettei flagellomeres 36, flagellomere 4 seta bases (sb), hyaline sensory seta (hss). Palpal segment 3. 31) L. sublettei. 32) L. foulki." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6391698" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6391698/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">
Fig.
<specimenCount id="76FE64CCFFCBEF6B6803FDF5FDBAFDB4" box="[585,630,566,592]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" type="generic">
31
<taxonomicName id="A7F8D4C6FFCBEF6B682DFDF4FDBAFDB4" box="[615,630,567,592]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sublettei">
<emphasis id="528C7357FFCBEF6B682DFDF4FDBAFDB4" box="[615,630,567,592]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">L</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</specimenCount>
</figureCitation>
.
<emphasis id="528C7357FFCBEF6B68CEFDF5FD2DFDB4" box="[644,737,566,592]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">sublettei</emphasis>
); hind tarsomere 3 ~1.7× longer than 5; spermathecae slightly pyriform, without caplike diverticulum (as in
<figureCitation id="F8C3B3C0FFCBEF6B6881FD9BFCE0FD96" box="[715,812,600,627]" captionStart="Figures 2732" captionStartId="167.[192,279,1833,1859]" captionTargetBox="[266,1363,216,1768]" captionTargetId="figure-71@167.[192,1440,216,1770]" captionTargetPageId="167" captionText="Figures 2732. Female Leptoconops. 27) L. knowltoni flagellomeres 911, median black seta (s). Spermathecae (sp), diverticulum (d), neck (spn). 28) L. foulki. 29) L. americanus. 30) L. sublettei flagellomeres 36, flagellomere 4 seta bases (sb), hyaline sensory seta (hss). Palpal segment 3. 31) L. sublettei. 32) L. foulki." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6391698" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6391698/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">
Fig.
<specimenCount id="76FE64CCFFCBEF6B68B1FD9AFCE0FD96" box="[763,812,601,627]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" type="generic">
29
<taxonomicName id="A7F8D4C6FFCBEF6B6957FD9AFCE0FD96" authorityName=": Clastrier and Wirth" authorityYear="1978" box="[797,812,601,626]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Leptoconops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="americanus">
<emphasis id="528C7357FFCBEF6B6957FD9AFCE0FD96" box="[797,812,601,626]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">L</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</specimenCount>
</figureCitation>
.
<emphasis id="528C7357FFCBEF6B6973FD9AFC76FD96" box="[825,954,601,626]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">americanus</emphasis>
); cerci&gt;3× longer than wide (
<figureCitation id="F8C3B3C0FFCBEF6B6F47FD9BFA87FD97" box="[1293,1355,600,627]" captionStart="Figures 12" captionStartId="162.[192,279,1866,1892]" captionTargetBox="[491,1142,213,1804]" captionTargetId="figure-38@162.[194,1442,213,1806]" captionTargetPageId="162" captionText="Figures 12. Female lateral habitus (in alcohol). 1) Leptoconops (Holoconops) Kerteszi group. 2) Culicoides (Monoculicoides) sonorensis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6391686" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6391686/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). Male: tergite 9 with distal shoulders abruptly narrowed to base of adjacent apicolateral processes, without dorsal process, ventro-posterior setae separated by ~2× as much as separation of apicolateral processes (as in
<figureCitation id="F8C3B3C0FFCBEF6B6F7FFD5EFA55FD52" box="[1333,1433,669,695]" captionStart="Figures 2026. 20" captionStartId="166.[192,279,1799,1825]" captionTargetBox="[266,1365,214,1767]" captionTargetId="figure-87@166.[194,1442,214,1769]" captionTargetPageId="166" captionText="Figures 2026. 20) Leptoconops knowltoni male genitalia, ventral view, aedeagus (A), parameres (P), tergite 9 ventro-posterior setae (s), apicolateral processes (T9alp), gonostylus apical lamelliform expansion (Gsle). 21) L. foulki male genitalia, ventral view. 22) L. knowltoni gonostylus, ventral setae (vs). 23 L. foulki gonostylus. 24) L. foulki parameres (P), proximal tooth (t). Male tarsomere 5, basal seta (bS). 25) L. knowltoni. 26) L. foulki." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6391696" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6391696/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">
Fig.
<specimenCount id="76FE64CCFFCBEF6B6F2DFD5EFA55FD52" box="[1383,1433,669,695]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" type="generic">
20
<taxonomicName id="A7F8D4C6FFCBEF6B6FC6FD5EFA55FD52" box="[1420,1433,669,694]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Leptoconops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="knowltoni">
<emphasis id="528C7357FFCBEF6B6FC6FD5EFA55FD52" box="[1420,1433,669,694]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">L</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</specimenCount>
</figureCitation>
.
<emphasis id="528C7357FFCBEF6B6A8AFD7CFEE3FD3D" box="[192,303,703,729]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">knowltoni</emphasis>
); gonostylus with three ventral setae spread over 0.20.6 of gonostylus length (as in
<figureCitation id="F8C3B3C0FFCBEF6B6EACFD7CFA8BFD3C" box="[1254,1351,703,729]" captionStart="Figures 2026. 20" captionStartId="166.[192,279,1799,1825]" captionTargetBox="[266,1365,214,1767]" captionTargetId="figure-87@166.[194,1442,214,1769]" captionTargetPageId="166" captionText="Figures 2026. 20) Leptoconops knowltoni male genitalia, ventral view, aedeagus (A), parameres (P), tergite 9 ventro-posterior setae (s), apicolateral processes (T9alp), gonostylus apical lamelliform expansion (Gsle). 21) L. foulki male genitalia, ventral view. 22) L. knowltoni gonostylus, ventral setae (vs). 23 L. foulki gonostylus. 24) L. foulki parameres (P), proximal tooth (t). Male tarsomere 5, basal seta (bS). 25) L. knowltoni. 26) L. foulki." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6391696" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6391696/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">
Fig.
<specimenCount id="76FE64CCFFCBEF6B6F5CFD7CFA8BFD3C" box="[1302,1351,703,729]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" type="generic">
22
<taxonomicName id="A7F8D4C6FFCBEF6B6F72FD7CFA8BFD3C" box="[1336,1351,703,728]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Leptoconops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="knowltoni">
<emphasis id="528C7357FFCBEF6B6F72FD7CFA8BFD3C" box="[1336,1351,703,728]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">L</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</specimenCount>
</figureCitation>
.
<emphasis id="528C7357FFCBEF6B6F1EFD7CFF20FD1F" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">knowltoni</emphasis>
); gonostylus apical lamelliform expansion barely covering apical tooth; tarsomere 5 basal seta short, erect, curved (as in
<figureCitation id="F8C3B3C0FFCBEF6B6B13FCC0FE74FCF9" box="[345,440,771,797]" captionStart="Figures 2026. 20" captionStartId="166.[192,279,1799,1825]" captionTargetBox="[266,1365,214,1767]" captionTargetId="figure-87@166.[194,1442,214,1769]" captionTargetPageId="166" captionText="Figures 2026. 20) Leptoconops knowltoni male genitalia, ventral view, aedeagus (A), parameres (P), tergite 9 ventro-posterior setae (s), apicolateral processes (T9alp), gonostylus apical lamelliform expansion (Gsle). 21) L. foulki male genitalia, ventral view. 22) L. knowltoni gonostylus, ventral setae (vs). 23 L. foulki gonostylus. 24) L. foulki parameres (P), proximal tooth (t). Male tarsomere 5, basal seta (bS). 25) L. knowltoni. 26) L. foulki." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6391696" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6391696/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">
Fig.
<specimenCount id="76FE64CCFFCBEF6B6BC2FCC0FE74FCF9" box="[392,440,771,797]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" type="generic">
26
<taxonomicName id="A7F8D4C6FFCBEF6B6BE3FCC7FE74FCF9" box="[425,440,772,797]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Leptoconops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="foulki">
<emphasis id="528C7357FFCBEF6B6BE3FCC7FE74FCF9" box="[425,440,772,797]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">L</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</specimenCount>
</figureCitation>
.
<emphasis id="528C7357FFCBEF6B6B8CFCC0FDC9FCF9" box="[454,517,771,797]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">foulki</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="28E2FCCEFFCBEF6B6A8AFCEEFE9CFC77" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="6047AF45FFCBEF6B6A8AFCEEFCF0FCAC" blockId="23.[192,828,813,840]" box="[192,828,813,840]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="528C7357FFCBEF6B6A8AFCEEFE90FCA3" bold="true" box="[192,348,813,839]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="A23C61A7FFCBEF6B6B28FCEEFE1AFCA3" box="[354,470,813,839]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">California</collectingRegion>
(San Joaquin, Solano counties).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6047AF45FFCBEF6B6A8AFC94FE9CFC77" blockId="23.[191,1440,855,915]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="528C7357FFCBEF6B6A8AFC94FEBBFC95" bold="true" box="[192,375,855,881]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">Adult behavior.</emphasis>
Thirteen females were collected by E. T. Schmidtmann from a calf in a creek bed (
<bibRefCitation id="0469D2B4FFCBEF6B6F46FC94FE88FC77" author="Clastrier J &amp; Wirth WW" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" pagination="1 - 58" refId="ref128879" refString="Clastrier J, Wirth WW. 1978. The Leptoconops kerteszi complex in North America (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). United States Department of Agriculture Technical Bulletin 1573: 1 - 58." type="journal article" year="1978">Clastrier and Wirth 1978</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="28E2FCCEFFCBEF6B6A8AFC60FD47FC59" box="[192,651,931,958]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="6047AF45FFCBEF6B6A8AFC60FD47FC59" blockId="23.[192,651,931,958]" box="[192,651,931,958]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="528C7357FFCBEF6B6A8AFC60FEFCFC59" bold="true" box="[192,304,931,957]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">Remarks.</emphasis>
No
<taxonomicName id="A7F8D4C6FFCBEF6B6B15FC67FE1FFC59" box="[351,467,931,958]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Leptoconops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atchleyi">
<emphasis id="528C7357FFCBEF6B6B15FC67FEA2FC59" box="[351,366,932,957]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">L</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="528C7357FFCBEF6B6B36FC60FE1FFC59" box="[380,467,931,957]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">atchleyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were examined.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>