148 lines
15 KiB
XML
148 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.544.6074" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0e5e47a0-f8f3-4039-b0e1-c159fef0b9f6" ID-PMC="PMC4714384" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-544-1" ID-PubMed="26798289" ID-ZBK="C5978BD0145B40F8ACDEB27371B7B9A4" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-544-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 544" ModsDocTitle="The Mecyclothorax beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Moriomorphini) of Haleakala-, Maui: Keystone of a hyperdiverse Hawaiian radiation" checkinTime="1451243640953" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Liebherr, James K." docDate="2015" docId="BCFA3D9E18206B6CD09A44E2D6890269" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 544: 1-407" docOrigin="ZooKeys 544" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.544.6074" docTitle="Mecyclothorax subconstrictus" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="146" masterDocId="FF92FFC2FF9FFFC7191EFFB8FF91AF5D" masterDocTitle="The Mecyclothorax beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Moriomorphini) of Haleakala-, Maui: Keystone of a hyperdiverse Hawaiian radiation" masterLastPageNumber="407" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="145" updateTime="1668162300918" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The Mecyclothorax beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Moriomorphini) of Haleakala-, Maui: Keystone of a hyperdiverse Hawaiian radiation</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Liebherr, James K.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>544</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>407</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.544.6074</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.544.6074</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-544-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">C5978BD0145B40F8ACDEB27371B7B9A4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">C5978BD0145B40F8ACDEB27371B7B9A4</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127853564" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BCFA3D9E18206B6CD09A44E2D6890269" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BCFA3D9E18206B6CD09A44E2D6890269" lastPageId="145" lastPageNumber="146" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">
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<subSubSection pageId="144" pageNumber="145" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="144" pageNumber="145">Taxon classification Animalia Coleoptera Carabidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="144" pageNumber="145" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="144" pageNumber="145">
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(057)
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<taxonomicName authority="Sharp" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax subconstrictus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subconstrictus">Mecyclothorax subconstrictus (Sharp)</taxonomicName>
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Figs 62K, 73D, 74D, 76
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<normalizedToken originalValue="E–F">E-F</normalizedToken>
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, 79
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="145" pageNumber="146" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="145" pageNumber="146">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Thriscothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thriscothorax subconstrictus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subconstrictus">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="145" pageNumber="146" start="start">Thriscothorax</pageBreakToken>
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subconstrictus
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</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Sharp, D" editor="Sharp, D" journalOrPublisher="The University Press, Cambridge" pageId="310" pageNumber="311" pagination="175 - 292" title="Coleoptera II. Caraboidea." volumeTitle="Fauna Hawaiiensis" year="1903">Sharp 1903</bibRefCitation>
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: 259.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="145" pageNumber="146">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax subconstrictus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subconstrictus">Mecyclothorax subconstrictus</taxonomicName>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Britton, EB" journalOrPublisher="Bishop Museum" pageId="307" pageNumber="308" pagination="107 - 166" title="A revision of the Hawaiian species of Mecyclothorax (Coleoptera: Carabidae). Occasional Papers of the Bernice P." volume="19" year="1948 b">Britton 1948b</bibRefCitation>
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: 147.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="145" pageNumber="146" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="145" pageNumber="146">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="145" pageNumber="146">
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This, the third species of the group to exhibit setal formula 2 1 1 0 for at least some individuals, can be diagnosed from the other two-
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax cordaticollis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cordaticollis">Mecyclothorax cordaticollis</taxonomicName>
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(Fig. 73B) and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax cordaticollaris" order="Coleoptera" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cordaticollaris">Mecyclothorax cordaticollaris</taxonomicName>
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(Fig. 73C)-by the following combination: 1, pronotal hind angles obtuse, lateral margin divergent from angle (Fig. 73D), not parallel before angle; 2, elytra broader relative to pronotal width, MEW/MPW = 1.53-1.66, versus values of 1.47-1.52 observed in specimens of the other two species; 3, elytral disc with mixture of isodiametric and transverse sculpticells, sculpticell breadth 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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length, versus more transverse meshes in the other two species. Setal formula 2 1 1(2) 0; individuals have a posterior dorsal elytral seta present unilaterally in rare instances. Standardized body length 3.7-4.3 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="145" pageNumber="146" type="identification">
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<paragraph pageId="145" pageNumber="146">Identification</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="145" pageNumber="146">
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(n = 5). The eyes are slightly larger and more convex than observed in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax cordaticollis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cordaticollis">Mecyclothorax cordaticollis</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax cordaticollaris" order="Coleoptera" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cordaticollaris">Mecyclothorax cordaticollaris</taxonomicName>
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-ocular ratio = 1.46-1.52, ocular lobe ratio = 0.81-0.88-though the ratios for the three species overlap. In aggregate the pronotal apex is broader relative to the base; APW/BPW = 1.03-1.09. The impressions of the anterior dorsal elytral setae span 2/3 of interval 3, whereas the impression of a posterior seta, if present, is small, spanning half or less of interval 3. The body coloration overall is also darker in specimens of this species versus those of the former two; 1, vertex and pronotal disc rufobrunneous with piceous cast; 2, pronotal lateral margins dark and concolorous with disc, though base and apex paler, rufoflavous.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="145" pageNumber="146">
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Male genitalia (n = 1). Aedeagal median lobe robust, distance between parameral articulation and tip 2.9
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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depth at midlength (Fig. 76E); apex extended twice its depth beyond ostial opening, tip tightly rounded but with minute denticle along dorsal margin; median lobe slightly curved rightward in ventral view, left and right sides subparallel as they moderately converge to blunt-appearing tip (Fig. 76F); internal sac covered with dark microspicules, flagellar plate elongate, length 0.50
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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parameral articulation-tip distance.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="145" pageNumber="146">
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Female reproductive tract (n = 1). Bursa copulatrix broadly ellipsoid with constricted base, length 0.88 mm, breadth 0.44 mm, basal constriction at vagina 0.31 mm broad (Fig. 62K); bursal walls translucent with thin wrinkles; gonocoxite 1 with 2 short apical fringe setae and 4-6 small setae along medial surface (Fig. 74D); gonocoxite 2 broadly triangular with broadly rounded apex (apex worn), 2 lateral ensiform setae with apical seta longer and broader, apical nematiform setae on medial surface at 0.72
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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gonocoxite length.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="145" pageNumber="146" type="lectotype">
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<paragraph pageId="145" pageNumber="146">Lectotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="145" pageNumber="146">
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(BMNH) hereby designated, left specimen on mounting platen, labeled:
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Thriscothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thriscothorax subconstrictus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subconstrictus">Thriscothorax subconstrictus</taxonomicName>
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Type D.S. Haleakala Perkins // Type // Hawaiian Is. Perkins 1904-336. // LECTOTYPE
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Thriscothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thriscothorax subconstrictus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subconstrictus">Thriscothorax subconstrictus</taxonomicName>
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Sharp J.K. Liebherr 1998 (black-margined red label).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="145" pageNumber="146" type="distribution and habitat">
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<paragraph pageId="145" pageNumber="146">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="145" pageNumber="146">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax subconstrictus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subconstrictus">Mecyclothorax subconstrictus</taxonomicName>
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is one of four species in the
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax ovipennis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ovipennis">Mecyclothorax ovipennis</taxonomicName>
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group that occupy the highest elevations at the summit of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Haleakalā">Haleakala</normalizedToken>
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(Figs 79, 80). Most specimens of these species were collected 9-iv-1894 during
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Perkins’">Perkins'</normalizedToken>
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ascent of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Haleakalā">Haleakala</normalizedToken>
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from Ukulele Camp. In
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Perkins’">Perkins'</normalizedToken>
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words: "April 9th. Started with rug, food and gun etc. for
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Blackburn’s">Blackburn's</normalizedToken>
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cave at about 9000 feet. I got there about 10 a.m. although I went down to nearly Olinda before ascending, as I wished to go on the usual trail. Worked from 9000 ft. to the summit. Got 3 or 4 species of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Cyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclothorax" order="Coleoptera" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cyclothorax</taxonomicName>
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, the large punctured species as below, [i.e.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax montivagus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="montivagus">Mecyclothorax montivagus</taxonomicName>
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, common from 4000-10000 ft.] the small ones all new to me apparently." He returned to the summit two days later, collecting many more
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax" order="Coleoptera" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mecyclothorax</taxonomicName>
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specimens. Besides
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax subconstrictus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subconstrictus">Mecyclothorax subconstrictus</taxonomicName>
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, the species new to Perkins were
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax pusillus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pusillus">Mecyclothorax pusillus</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax rusticus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rusticus">Mecyclothorax rusticus</taxonomicName>
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. These two collecting hikes occurred "a few weeks after the disappearance of the snow-cap (
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<bibRefCitation author="Perkins, RCL" editor="Sharp, D" journalOrPublisher="The University Press, Cambridge" pageId="309" pageNumber="310" pagination="xv - ccxxviii" title="Introduction, being a review of the land-fauna of Hawaii." volumeTitle="Fauna Hawaiiensis" year="1913">Perkins 1913</bibRefCitation>
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, cxl)."
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax subconstrictus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subconstrictus">Mecyclothorax subconstrictus</taxonomicName>
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was collected again in May and October 1896, the latter time at Holua in
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Haleakalā">Haleakala</normalizedToken>
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Crater. It has not been recollected since.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |