335 lines
38 KiB
XML
335 lines
38 KiB
XML
<document id="A4153FB1B690CB40A604A82477F0208D" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5319.1.3" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8182144" ID-ZooBank="9F99055B-D6E7-4D7B-B2CE-81E1FD21A9AE" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="jonas" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="jonas" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="jonas" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="jonas" checkinTime="1690276655257" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Velásquez-Rodríguez, Karen, Lin, Xiao-Long, Sánchez-Vendizú, Pamela, Loayza-Muro, Raúl, Huamantinco, Ana & Prat, Narcís" docDate="2023" docId="BC3587B5FFC25213FF2E50B8AEDBFC3D" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5319.1.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5319 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5319.1.3" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Symbiocladius wygodziskyi" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="53" masterDocId="400CFFCDFFC15216FFB9543EAB4FFFBC" masterDocTitle="DNA Barcode of symbiotic chironomids: Findings in the genus Symbiocladius (Diptera: Chironomidae)" masterLastPageNumber="56" masterPageNumber="48" pageNumber="51" updateTime="1690314425979" updateUser="jonas" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
|
||
<mods:mods id="71C61E5B77080CB223FE3C3EEBCCA240" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="C6678669E9CE5031431F630B5AA662C6">
|
||
<mods:title id="FDFFFEF310BFCF8E1C10DF5D6B5A03B7">DNA Barcode of symbiotic chironomids: Findings in the genus Symbiocladius (Diptera: Chironomidae)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="5DAD95B6D996238F4C798D313BDF5E0A" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="F4EC65F6758CB67B725888663BAAB4C4">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="DDEE21325EBA80493BE636960317EF2D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="77A6FCB9CBCD69076EE08CC43D6E35B7">Velásquez-Rodríguez, Karen</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="26680C3D2EB1F53B2026A2A81B50C805" type="ORCID">0000-0001-6558-1326</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="22451EFC7F1DCF54B30A46B3EB9885B1">Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida y de la Salud, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Perú. & Laboratorio de Invertebrados Acuáticos, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú ahuamantincoa 1 @ unmsm. edu. pe; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6558 - 1326</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="DC7BAA267E48586B1DB0CF3869136EC7" type="email">ahuamantincoa1@unmsm.edu.pe</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="8FA2287CD521A9DB5E5CD63A038F5419" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="A07C9C6CEACF588B03A7E6C9EB220AD6">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="8F7B8F19955ED9DD27DB6406ECADBA0A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="5D70FC0E52D3A1A245F61B283EFA4403">Lin, Xiao-Long</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="6FFC16968D12EF8DDD1E031137FF60A9">Engineering Research Center of Environmental DNA and Ecological Water Health Assessment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China. & Shanghai Universities Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Taxonomy and Evolution, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="34A5BAF08753C9F3ED86A5658217B94A" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="FBAFAAE3F80AD2EBF7F88E1ED14B397C">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="C62D6A57FE817C0D4FA3E81648F7D3FA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="0CC9AE0817899C583BCA1E09BA592DAE">Sánchez-Vendizú, Pamela</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="D74AD375F103931B9D7DF0F5A4E8FC53">Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias mención Ecología y Evolución, Escuela Graduados, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile. & Departamento de Mastozoología, Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Facultad de Ciencias e Ingeniería, Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, San Martín de Porres 15102, Peru.</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="D6E0C6978025F1D58B79F5F0697B6948" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="97AB0F0B8AB71E629CD2D6CB7194749C">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="48087BB9E7B27E00690C02252464275C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="06A0092117FE80EE1ABAB0B663565FA9">Loayza-Muro, Raúl</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="22492BD27C2E55BCCFE24703F037242B" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="39219DCB5889227FE99523BF8F4CB7D8">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="AE862AAD0CAF61955A9CDC87EFE31A36">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="81C9BC0D60AB669F7B21C3C266393B7E">Huamantinco, Ana</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="29C2144C8D551FD4E5A153CA49BFEF4B" type="ORCID">0000-0001-6558-1326</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="BBA63BC8B22FDEF067B1C4B25B1C93CA">Laboratorio de Invertebrados Acuáticos, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú ahuamantincoa 1 @ unmsm. edu. pe; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6558 - 1326</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="4DC3A13EBF4554441F44A349ED6A767F" type="email">ahuamantincoa1@unmsm.edu.pe</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="38F953C175AEEDB4738AB929AE973B20" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="9626899205A57AB2B698F6FED2EDEC20">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="16D3DCBDFD734D7AE3645B4C1815E7E0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="22CE4359B096111B19DC01588C2A909E">Prat, Narcís</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="F697CEADFAD73312310A9D0C45B280A7">Grupo de Investigación FEHM (Freshwater Ecology Hydrology and Management), Departamento de Biología, Evolutiva, Ecología y Ciencias Ambientales, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="58B5A9BE473F0E91F596A9F74183075D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="5E63A4ED0F28FEA571267CB06BEFDF05" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="A22BD9B399CD1BD6E54D374D72CC5E8B">
|
||
<mods:title id="415C96A1A114B108FB2C5AB95E1EE5A0">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="EF71D132A48562A106E250061580E4DB">
|
||
<mods:date id="70D9D0181F979A452469CE1AE89BAED0">2023</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="D8B69E0B8CD008A86197714AE93A323B" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="F77A1A4C1B68F6531F3B33C265CCD8B2">2023-07-24</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="828429544151AB4D51B3B6D11B710882" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="9F1E9D75DFF46D064F617679C6D533A7">5319</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="A581EC5C85F7710869CF11CF9377F106" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="22BCABAF74D5AA2FA481CC178924584E">1</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="5AA21C44752285857ABD4BAB7FC2BC34" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="CD25C0B130CF82F5CBBF650651B3E9EE">48</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="8CB8191CBEB91574B3227196FD6F4812">56</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location id="85A5239E47545D5D49874B2227148A55">
|
||
<mods:url id="30692D9C2E541F0C07A985EDF31332B9">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5319.1.3</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification id="8B8CD7E4F988CF09CC74ECE3833DC42D">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="A385EC734160AC4454DA947177C85DC0" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5319.1.3</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="6197CA3453C8A82D4A5B11E1B61E70C3" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="D4C6B823D64C4BBEEB9D86545F8667A2" type="Zenodo-Dep">8182144</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="AA41668DA0BCDFB0B87A35AE51F85E40" type="ZooBank">9F99055B-D6E7-4D7B-B2CE-81E1FD21A9AE</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="BC3587B5FFC25213FF2E50B8AEDBFC3D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BC3587B5FFC25213FF2E50B8AEDBFC3D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BC3587B5FFC25213FF2E50B8AEDBFC3D" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<subSubSection id="7C866528FFC25215FF2E50B8A9EDFB1C" box="[151,674,1158,1185]" pageId="3" pageNumber="51" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="342336A3FFC25215FF2E50B8A9EDFB1C" blockId="3.[151,674,1158,1185]" box="[151,674,1158,1185]" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<heading id="6F6B81CFFFC25215FF2E50B8A9EDFB1C" bold="true" box="[151,674,1158,1185]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="51" reason="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F39C4D20FFC25215FF2E50B8A9EDFB1C" authority="(Roback, 1965)" baseAuthorityName="Roback" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[151,674,1158,1185]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Symbiocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wygodziskyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="06E8EAB1FFC25215FF2E50B8A9EDFB1C" bold="true" box="[151,674,1158,1185]" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="06E8EAB1FFC25215FF2E50B8AA91FB1D" bold="true" box="[151,478,1158,1185]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">Symbiocladius wygodziskyi</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="500D4B52FFC25215FE5450B8A9D5FB1C" author="Roback, S. S." box="[493,666,1158,1184]" pageId="3" pageNumber="51" pagination="113 - 122" refId="ref5630" refString="Roback, S. S. (1965) A new subgenus and species of Symbiocladius from South America (Diptera: Tendipedidae). Entomological News, 76 (5), 113 - 122." type="journal article" year="1965">Roback, 1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="7C866528FFC25215FF2E50F1AA80FAC5" pageId="3" pageNumber="51" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="342336A3FFC25215FF2E50F1AA80FAC5" blockId="3.[151,1437,1231,1401]" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">
|
||
The morphological analysis of the larval stage of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F39C4D20FFC25215FD7650F1A8CDFB55" box="[719,898,1231,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Symbiocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wygodzinskyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="06E8EAB1FFC25215FD7650F1A8CDFB55" box="[719,898,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">S. wygodzinskyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
agrees with the character descriptions given in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="500D4B52FFC25215FF2E50CDAA74FAB1" author="Kieffer, J." box="[151,315,1266,1293]" pageId="3" pageNumber="51" pagination="555 - 566" refId="ref5116" refString="Kieffer, J. (1925) Deux genres nouveaux et plusieurs especes nouvelles du groupe des Orthocladiariae (Dipteres, Chironomides). Annales de la Societe scientifique de Bruxelles, 44, 555 - 566." type="journal article" year="1925">Kieffer (1925)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="500D4B52FFC25215FEFF50CDAAA3FAB1" author="Roback, S. S." box="[326,492,1266,1293]" pageId="3" pageNumber="51" pagination="113 - 122" refId="ref5630" refString="Roback, S. S. (1965) A new subgenus and species of Symbiocladius from South America (Diptera: Tendipedidae). Entomological News, 76 (5), 113 - 122." type="journal article" year="1965">Roback (1965)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="500D4B52FFC25215FD9850CDA86EFAB1" author="Gonser, T. & Spies, M." box="[545,801,1267,1293]" pageId="3" pageNumber="51" pagination="455 - 466" refId="ref4724" refString="Gonser, T. & Spies, M. (1997) Southern Hemisphere Symbiocladius (Diptera, Chironomidae) and their mayfly hosts (Ephemeroptera, Leptophlebiidae). In: Landolt, P. & Sartori, M. (Eds.), Ephemeroptera & Plecoptera: Biology - Ecology - Systematics. MTL., Fribourg: 455 - 466." type="book chapter" year="1997">Gonser & Spies (1997)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for mentum with 5–6 lateral teeth and the proximal tooth of the mandible long and slender. On the other hand, mature larvae have curved thoracic horns, gradually narrowing from the wide base to acute apex. Moreover, molecular analysis also supports morphological results. More detailed results are described below.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="7C866528FFC25212FF2E51FDAAA6FEA1" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="3" pageNumber="51" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="342336A3FFC25215FF2E51FDABABFA61" blockId="3.[151,228,1475,1501]" box="[151,228,1475,1501]" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<heading id="6F6B81CFFFC25215FF2E51FDABABFA61" bold="true" box="[151,228,1475,1501]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="51" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="06E8EAB1FFC25215FF2E51FDABABFA61" bold="true" box="[151,228,1475,1501]" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">Larva</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="342336A3FFC25215FF2E5235AF55F999" blockId="3.[151,1437,1547,1825]" box="[151,1050,1547,1573]" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">
|
||
Body length:
|
||
<quantity id="F3649B46FFC25215FE895235AA9CF999" box="[304,467,1547,1573]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.135" metricValueMax="2.33" metricValueMin="1.94" pageId="3" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="2.135" valueMax="2.33" valueMin="1.94">1.94–2.33 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n = 2), maximum diameter: 0.36–
|
||
<quantity id="F3649B46FFC25215FCE55235A88FF999" box="[860,960,1547,1573]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="3" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="0.29">0.29 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n = 2).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="342336A3FFC25215FF7E5211A8F7F89D" blockId="3.[151,1437,1547,1825]" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">
|
||
Body with yellowish and slightly whitish coloration on the sides (
|
||
<figureCitation id="ACA72A26FFC25215FC7D5211AF0CF9F5" box="[964,1091,1583,1609]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1660,1684]" captionTargetBox="[153,1434,311,1635]" captionTargetId="figure-83@4.[151,1435,309,1637]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Symbiocladius wygodzinskyi, A–B, larva on a Leptophlebidae host, C, larvae in process of pupation on a Leptophlebidae host, D cephalic capsule, E thoracic horn." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8182148" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8182148/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">Fig. 2A–B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Cephalic sclerotized capsule triangular in shape, 134.9–147.7 μm (n = 2) long, with a maximum width at the base of 135.3–139.3 μm (n = 2). Non-visible eye spots (
|
||
<figureCitation id="ACA72A26FFC25215FE2E5249AABEF92D" box="[407,497,1655,1681]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1660,1684]" captionTargetBox="[153,1434,311,1635]" captionTargetId="figure-83@4.[151,1435,309,1637]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Symbiocladius wygodzinskyi, A–B, larva on a Leptophlebidae host, C, larvae in process of pupation on a Leptophlebidae host, D cephalic capsule, E thoracic horn." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8182148" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8182148/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Antenna with 5 segments, 14–18.1 μm (n = 3) long. Mandible, length: 25–28.7 μm (n = 4), heavily sclerotized, with two internal teeth, the more distal tooth is thicker than the proximal one. Mentum translucent not heavily sclerotized as the mandibles, wide central tooth, with 5–6 very acute lateral teeth at distal end. Short anterior prolegs with more than 90 hooks, which present one apical tooth and several internal teeth. Posterior prolegs with 19 hooks, these hooks do not have internal teeth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="342336A3FFC25215FF2E5355AB97F839" blockId="3.[151,216,1899,1925]" box="[151,216,1899,1925]" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<heading id="6F6B81CFFFC25215FF2E5355AB97F839" bold="true" box="[151,216,1899,1925]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="51" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="06E8EAB1FFC25215FF2E5355AB97F839" bold="true" box="[151,216,1899,1925]" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">Pupa</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="342336A3FFC25215FF2E538DA9ADF84D" blockId="3.[151,1436,1970,2033]" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">
|
||
Mature larvae already display pupal features, including sclerotized thoracic horns. Body length:
|
||
<quantity id="F3649B46FFC25215FB7E538CAE26F871" box="[1223,1385,1970,1997]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.625" metricValueMax="4.1" metricValueMin="3.15" pageId="3" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="3.625" valueMax="4.1" valueMin="3.15">3.15–4.10 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n = 2), maximum width (thorax):
|
||
<quantity id="F3649B46FFC25215FE5C53E9A9C7F84D" box="[485,648,2007,2033]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.025" metricValueMax="1.03" metricValueMin="1.02" pageId="3" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="1.025" valueMax="1.03" valueMin="1.02">1.02–1.03 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n = 2).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="342336A3FFC55212FF7E54A9AAA6FEA1" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,285]" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">
|
||
The body exhibits a gray coloration, with pale or light-colored spots mainly in the ventral and lateral region of the thorax. (
|
||
<figureCitation id="ACA72A26FFC55212FEA75485AA38FF69" box="[286,375,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1660,1684]" captionTargetBox="[153,1434,311,1635]" captionTargetId="figure-83@4.[151,1435,309,1637]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Symbiocladius wygodzinskyi, A–B, larva on a Leptophlebidae host, C, larvae in process of pupation on a Leptophlebidae host, D cephalic capsule, E thoracic horn." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8182148" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8182148/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Thoracic horn curved, tapering towards the distal end until ending in a very sharp projection, 127.4–143.3 μm (n = 4) total length, base of the projection is 23.7–35.6 μm (n = 4) wide (
|
||
<figureCitation id="ACA72A26FFC55212FB2D54E1AFA2FF45" box="[1172,1261,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1660,1684]" captionTargetBox="[153,1434,311,1635]" captionTargetId="figure-83@4.[151,1435,309,1637]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Symbiocladius wygodzinskyi, A–B, larva on a Leptophlebidae host, C, larvae in process of pupation on a Leptophlebidae host, D cephalic capsule, E thoracic horn." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8182148" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8182148/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">Fig. 2E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Abdomen has filiform spines on the tergites.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="60E3662BFFC55212FF2E5242A9AEF904" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8182148" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8182148" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8182148/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" startId="4.[151,250,1660,1684]" targetBox="[153,1434,311,1635]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="342336A3FFC55212FF2E5242A9AEF904" blockId="4.[151,1436,1660,1720]" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="06E8EAB1FFC55212FF2E5242AA56F928" bold="true" box="[151,281,1660,1684]" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F39C4D20FFC55212FE9C5242A904F928" box="[293,587,1660,1684]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Symbiocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wygodzinskyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="06E8EAB1FFC55212FE9C5242A904F928" box="[293,587,1660,1684]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">Symbiocladius wygodzinskyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, A–B, larva on a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F39C4D20FFC55212FCA25242A8F6F928" box="[795,953,1660,1684]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Leptophlebidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
host, C, larvae in process of pupation on a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F39C4D20FFC55212FF2E529EAA7AF904" box="[151,309,1696,1720]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Leptophlebidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
host, D cephalic capsule, E thoracic horn.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="7C866528FFC55213FF2E5334A912FF69" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="342336A3FFC55212FF2E5334AA2FF898" blockId="4.[151,352,1802,1828]" box="[151,352,1802,1828]" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<heading id="6F6B81CFFFC55212FF2E5334AA2FF898" bold="true" box="[151,352,1802,1828]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="06E8EAB1FFC55212FF2E5334AA2FF898" bold="true" box="[151,352,1802,1828]" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">Ecological notes</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="342336A3FFC55213FF2E536CA912FF69" blockId="4.[151,1437,1874,2009]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,151,393]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">
|
||
Specimens were found living on nymphs of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F39C4D20FFC55212FD3F536CA873F8D0" box="[646,828,1874,1900]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Leptophlebiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F39C4D20FFC55212FCF2536CA8B2F8D0" box="[843,1021,1874,1900]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Ephemeroptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Larvae in process of pupation build a membranous sheath and were positioned from the II thoracic segment to the V abdominal segment of the host. The position of the larva on the host can be with the head forward or backward (
|
||
<figureCitation id="ACA72A26FFC55212FBA053A4AFDAF808" box="[1049,1173,1946,1972]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1660,1684]" captionTargetBox="[153,1434,311,1635]" captionTargetId="figure-83@4.[151,1435,309,1637]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Symbiocladius wygodzinskyi, A–B, larva on a Leptophlebidae host, C, larvae in process of pupation on a Leptophlebidae host, D cephalic capsule, E thoracic horn." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8182148" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8182148/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">Fig. 2A–B</figureCitation>
|
||
). There is no indication that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F39C4D20FFC55212FF715380AA24F864" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1925" box="[200,363,1982,2008]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Symbiocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="06E8EAB1FFC55212FF715380AA24F864" box="[200,363,1982,2008]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">Symbiocladius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F39C4D20FFC55212FECA5380A975F864" box="[371,570,1982,2009]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Symbiocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wygodzinskyi" subGenus="Acletius">
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="06E8EAB1FFC55212FEC55381AAC2F865" box="[380,397,1983,2009]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">A</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="06E8EAB1FFC55212FE1C5380A975F864" box="[421,570,1982,2008]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">wygodzinskyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
feeds on the hemolymph of its host. Finally, the host nymphs had very small translucent wing patches of the same size. Therefore, it was not possible to appreciate the effect of the commensal on the development of the wing patches.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="7C866528FFC45213FF7E54E0A9B6FE35" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="342336A3FFC45213FF7E54E0A9B6FE35" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,393]" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="06E8EAB1FFC45213FF7E54E0AA2CFF44" bold="true" box="[199,355,222,248]" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">Distribution:</emphasis>
|
||
Department of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="F658F841FFC45213FDA654E1A9E4FF45" box="[543,683,223,249]" country="Peru" name="La Libertad" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">La Libertad</collectingRegion>
|
||
. Province: Sánchez Carrión. Municipality: Sarín. Chusgón River (a tributary of the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="F658F841FFC45213FED1553DAA82FEA1" box="[360,461,259,285]" country="Brazil" name="Maranhao" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">Marañón</collectingRegion>
|
||
River),
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="51A85064FFC45213FD94553CA991FEA1" box="[557,734,258,285]" degrees="7" direction="south" minutes="58" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" precision="1" seconds="18.195" value="-7.9717207">7°58’18.195” S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="51A85064FFC45213FD55553CA8F8FEA1" box="[748,951,258,285]" degrees="77" direction="west" minutes="57" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" precision="1" seconds="51.962" value="-77.96443">77°57’51.962” W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, m.a.s.l. Department:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="F658F841FFC45213FB0B553DAE69FEA1" box="[1202,1318,259,285]" country="Peru" name="Apurimac" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">Apurímac</collectingRegion>
|
||
. Province: Cotabambas. Municipality: Cotabambas. Anchapillay River (tributary of the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="F658F841FFC45213FBBF5519AF39FEFD" box="[1030,1142,295,321]" country="Peru" name="Apurimac" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">Apurímac</collectingRegion>
|
||
River),
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="51A85064FFC45213FB6E5518AED8FEFD" box="[1239,1431,294,321]" degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="2" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" precision="1" seconds="57.8106" value="-14.049393">14°2’57.8106” S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="51A85064FFC45213FF2E5575AA2AFED9" box="[151,357,331,357]" degrees="72" direction="west" minutes="24" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" precision="1" seconds="6.8148" value="-72.40189">72°24’6.8148” W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="F3649B46FFC45213FECA5575AA9CFED9" box="[371,467,331,357]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.234" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="4234.0">4234 m</quantity>
|
||
.a.s.l. Department:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="F658F841FFC45213FD1E5572A9B0FEDB" box="[679,767,332,359]" country="Peru" name="Ancash" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">Áncash</collectingRegion>
|
||
. Province: Huaraz. District: Independencia. Churup River
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="51A85064FFC45213FF2E5551AA75FE35" box="[151,314,367,393]" degrees="9" direction="south" minutes="29" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" precision="1" seconds="14.70" value="-9.487417">9°29’14.70” S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="51A85064FFC45213FEFF5550A94DFE35" box="[326,514,366,393]" degrees="77" direction="west" minutes="25" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" precision="1" seconds="58.92" value="-77.43303">77°25’58.92” W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="F3649B46FFC45213FDB75551A925FE35" box="[526,618,367,393]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.183" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="4183.0">4183 m</quantity>
|
||
.a.s.l. (
|
||
<figureCitation id="ACA72A26FFC45213FD145551A9A2FE35" box="[685,749,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1396,1420]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,308,1367]" captionTargetId="figure-78@2.[151,1436,306,1369]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Records in provinces or states of Symbiocladius in the world. Records of S. wygodzinskyi and Symbiocladius species with available COX1 sequences." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8182146" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8182146/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="7C866528FFC45213FF2E55E4AEDBFC3D" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="342336A3FFC45213FF2E55E4AAFDFE49" blockId="5.[151,434,474,501]" box="[151,434,474,501]" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<heading id="6F6B81CFFFC45213FF2E55E4AAFDFE49" bold="true" box="[151,434,474,501]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="06E8EAB1FFC45213FF2E55E4AAFDFE49" bold="true" box="[151,434,474,501]" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">DNA barcode analyses</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="342336A3FFC45213FF2E561DA8E1FD4D" blockId="5.[151,1437,547,897]" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">
|
||
The NJ tree based on partial COX1 gene shows two well supported major clades. The first clade is composed by species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F39C4D20FFC45213FEA95679AAFCFDDD" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1925" box="[272,435,583,609]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Symbiocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="06E8EAB1FFC45213FEA95679AAFCFDDD" box="[272,435,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">Symbiocladius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(99.5% of bootstrap support) from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="4C8B7633FFC45213FCF05679A8C3FDDD" box="[841,908,583,609]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
and the second clade is formed by the species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F39C4D20FFC45213FF2E5655A973FD39" baseAuthorityName="Roback" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[151,572,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Symbiocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wygodziskyi" subGenus="Acletius">
|
||
<emphasis id="06E8EAB1FFC45213FF2E5655AA75FD39" box="[151,314,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">Symbiocladius</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="06E8EAB1FFC45213FEF25655AAEAFD39" box="[331,421,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">Acletius</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="06E8EAB1FFC45213FE0C5655A973FD39" box="[437,572,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">wygodziskyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the genera
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F39C4D20FFC45213FD7D5655A8C8FD39" box="[708,903,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Nanocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="06E8EAB1FFC45213FD7D5655A81DFD39" box="[708,850,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">Nanocladius</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F39C4D20FFC45213FC045655AFDDFD39" box="[957,1170,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Epoicocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="06E8EAB1FFC45213FC045655AF12FD39" box="[957,1117,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">Epoicocladius</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F39C4D20FFC45213FB7E5655AED2FD39" box="[1223,1437,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Epoicocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="06E8EAB1FFC45213FB7E5655AE28FD39" box="[1223,1383,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">Epoicocladius</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(92.5% of bootstrap support) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="ACA72A26FFC45213FE5656B1A97AFD15" box="[495,565,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1396,1420]" captionTargetBox="[179,1364,522,1310]" captionTargetId="figure-169@6.[151,1436,489,1373]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Neighbor joining tree of partial COX 1 sequences (655bp) of some Orthocladinae species. Bootstrap values on nodes. Scale is based on the number of base substitutions per site. Tags shown the GenBank or BOLD system accession code| species|collection number|country of the record." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8182150" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8182150/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). This evidences that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F39C4D20FFC45213FC9656B1A89DFD15" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1925" box="[815,978,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Symbiocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="06E8EAB1FFC45213FC9656B1A89DFD15" box="[815,978,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">Symbiocladius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
does not form a monophyletic clade for COX1 genetree. These two clades recovered from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F39C4D20FFC45213FD5F568DA8C6FD71" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1925" box="[742,905,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Symbiocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="06E8EAB1FFC45213FD5F568DA8C6FD71" box="[742,905,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">Symbiocladius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
agree with the currently proposed subgenera,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F39C4D20FFC45213FF2E56E9AA75FD4D" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1925" box="[151,314,727,753]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Symbiocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="06E8EAB1FFC45213FF2E56E9AA75FD4D" box="[151,314,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">Symbiocladius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F39C4D20FFC45213FEC856E9AA84FD4D" box="[369,459,727,753]" pageId="5" pageNumber="49" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Acletius">
|
||
<emphasis id="06E8EAB1FFC45213FEC856E9AA84FD4D" box="[369,459,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">Acletius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, presenting a genetic distance of 24.8±2%.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="342336A3FFC45213FF7E56C5AEDBFC3D" blockId="5.[151,1437,547,897]" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">
|
||
The first clade of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F39C4D20FFC45213FE2F56C5A976FCA9" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1925" box="[406,569,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Symbiocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="06E8EAB1FFC45213FE2F56C5A976FCA9" box="[406,569,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">Symbiocladius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
includes species of the subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F39C4D20FFC45213FC0756C5AF2EFCA9" box="[958,1121,763,789]" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Symbioclaidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="06E8EAB1FFC45213FC0756C5AF2EFCA9" box="[958,1121,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">Symbioclaidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F39C4D20FFC45213FBCB56C5AE76FCA9" baseAuthorityName="Zavrel" baseAuthorityYear="1924" box="[1138,1337,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Symbiocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rithogenae" subGenus="Symbiocladius">
|
||
<emphasis id="06E8EAB1FFC45213FBCB56C5AFC8FCA9" box="[1138,1159,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">S.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="06E8EAB1FFC45213FB2056C5AFE1FCA9" box="[1177,1198,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">S.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="06E8EAB1FFC45213FB7956C5AE76FCA9" box="[1216,1337,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">rithogenae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and one not described yet,
|
||
<emphasis id="06E8EAB1FFC45213FEDD5721AA36FC85" box="[356,377,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">S.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="06E8EAB1FFC45213FE305721AAD8FC85" box="[393,407,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">S</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="06E8EAB1FFC45213FE175721AA80FC85" bold="true" box="[430,463,799,825]" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">sp.</emphasis>
|
||
1XL that are genetically differentiated in 17.2±1.7% (
|
||
<tableCitation id="791E0318FFC45213FB965721AFC4FC85" box="[1071,1163,799,825]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,241,944,968]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 1. COX1 genetic distances estimated with Kimura 2-paremeter. Interspecific distances are shown below the diagonal and the error estimates above the diagonal. Intraspecific variation is shown in bold in the first column." pageId="5" pageNumber="53">Table. 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). On the other hand, the second clade of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F39C4D20FFC45213FEE8577DAABBFCE1" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1925" box="[337,500,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Symbiocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="06E8EAB1FFC45213FEE8577DAABBFCE1" box="[337,500,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">Symbiocladius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
include the sequences generated in this study for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F39C4D20FFC45213FB96577DAF9DFCE1" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1925" box="[1071,1234,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Symbiocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="06E8EAB1FFC45213FB96577DAF9DFCE1" box="[1071,1234,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">Symbiocladius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F39C4D20FFC45213FB62577DAEDAFCE1" baseAuthorityName="Roback" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[1243,1429,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Symbiocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wygodziskyi" subGenus="Acletius">
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="06E8EAB1FFC45213FB5D577DAFBAFCE1" box="[1252,1269,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="06E8EAB1FFC45213FAB7577DAEDAFCE1" box="[1294,1429,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">wygodziskyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which differ from 19.4% to 26.4% with respect to the other species of
|
||
<emphasis id="06E8EAB1FFC45213FC155759AF1CFC3D" box="[940,1107,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F39C4D20FFC45213FC155759AF00FC3D" box="[940,1103,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Epoicocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Epoicocladius</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F39C4D20FFC45213FB335759AE57FC3D" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1913" box="[1162,1304,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Nanocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="06E8EAB1FFC45213FB335759AE57FC3D" box="[1162,1304,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">Nanocladius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<tableCitation id="791E0318FFC45213FA9E5759AECCFC3D" box="[1319,1411,871,897]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,241,944,968]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 1. COX1 genetic distances estimated with Kimura 2-paremeter. Interspecific distances are shown below the diagonal and the error estimates above the diagonal. Intraspecific variation is shown in bold in the first column." pageId="5" pageNumber="53">Table. 1</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |