128 lines
16 KiB
XML
128 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document id="D9350480124E4C28B6970DA462B0225C" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4247.1.11SLASH10617" ID-CLB-Dataset="36204" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4247.1.11" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c83fa1b5-9a8f-4070-be59-5630b349f7f7" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="437986" ID-ZooBank="EE21D5D1-7F11-4F4B-A22A-304645B62473" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1490345600403" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sobczak, Jober Fernando, Messas, Yuri Fanchini & Pádua, Diego Galvão De" docDate="2017" docId="A06F3B35FFE4FFC65B9CFCD6FC0AF743" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4247.1.11SLASH10617.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4247 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Zatypota riverai Gauld 1991" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" masterDocId="5C56434DFFE5FFC75B0BFFCAFFFFF137" masterDocTitle="Parasitism of Zatypota riverai Gauld (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Pimplinae) on Anelosimus baeza Agnarsson (Araneae: Theridiidae) in northeast Brazil, with a description of the male" updateTime="1698438377906" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="AF5D8041A4EA7885803EF0A17564CFB4" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="036A80A17C62F98EB6F5129ADD3834A6">
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<mods:title id="C1A66E1C02395BD3877A5610AE304644">Parasitism of Zatypota riverai Gauld (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Pimplinae) on Anelosimus baeza Agnarsson (Araneae: Theridiidae) in northeast Brazil, with a description of the male</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="01817861F4AD717DA6E5B996D4AEF454" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="F9DD892F99294EF877A3AF04755688BA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="B1B537795BB7027562125450A3D5B978">Sobczak, Jober Fernando</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="4D09E002A222E9C884845ED394960813" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="01E92B3F73B8CB8EAC5176DA6245BE8A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="C68E79226938C7F6104F4BE0B13888EA">Messas, Yuri Fanchini</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="D3E3205D4AFCC19FA8D6042A4BDC8B58" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="6C19EA36B7BC68BFBDC7D056529200F7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="8CB9B5B7B5D47F971DEA18109CA4BB67">Pádua, Diego Galvão De</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="8E9B151553E84FA217DBE3B655523563">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="41224FA2906B1F91B27EF3168A43AD5F">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="4CE6864178F4E853F006B34ACE4E1E6A">
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<mods:date id="EE17CDDC79DE2A37E039F353991519A3">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="5AAF5C65CE1BEBB80482F7711B3BC829" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="CC8C049EA165D0A8921EE033EC06401C">4247</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="A6BDE16C45B7C88290E338547F9054A7">1</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="C86188373A9715759FA71990C655969D">journal volume</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="6001F6458979D2C9CEE672E20A832DFD" type="CLB-Dataset">36204</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="55FD9A4FAD90EB502FB601DEC68762F9" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4247.1.11</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7C3101BB4ECFC36926F59B29408C6801" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="3245BF96096AB6A4AB8B7302A6D903B2" type="Zenodo-Dep">437986</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="A06F3B35FFE4FFC65B9CFCD6FC0AF743" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6049755" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127852329" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6049755" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A06F3B35FFE4FFC65B9CFCD6FC0AF743" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A06F3B35FFE4FFC65B9CFCD6FC0AF743" pageId="1">
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<subSubSection id="60DCD9A8FFE4FFC65B9CFCD6FD71F200" box="[151,654,796,823]" pageId="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="28798A23FFE4FFC65B9CFCD6FD71F200" blockId="1.[151,1436,763,1652]" box="[151,654,796,823]" pageId="1">
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<heading id="73313D4FFFE4FFC65B9CFCD6FD71F200" bold="true" box="[151,654,796,823]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="1AB25631FFE4FFC65B9CFCD6FD71F200" bold="true" box="[151,654,796,823]" pageId="1">
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<taxonomicName id="EFC6F1A0FFE4FFC65B9CFCD6FE09F200" ID-CoL="7GCY2" authority="Gauld, 1991" authorityName="Gauld" authorityYear="1991" box="[151,502,796,823]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Zatypota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="riverai">
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<emphasis id="1AB25631FFE4FFC65B9CFCD6FEA8F201" bold="true" box="[151,343,796,822]" italics="true" pageId="1">Zatypota riverai</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="4C57F7D2FFE4FFC65A55FCD7FE09F200" author="Gauld" box="[350,502,797,823]" pageId="1" refString="Gauld, I. D. (1991) The Ichneumonidae of Costa Rica. Vol. 1. Keys to subfamilies, and keys to the species of the lower pimpliform subfamilies Rhyssinae, Pimplinae, Poemeniinae, Acaenitinae and Cylloceriinae 1. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, 47, 1 - 589." type="journal article" year="1991">Gauld, 1991</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="B0FD96A6FFE4FFC6590EFCD7FDB2F200" box="[517,589,797,823]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,244,1534,1556]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,191,1487]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,191,1513]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Zatypota riverai Gauld, 1991: (A) habitus, female; (B) habitus, male; (C) subgenital plate (scale bar = 1 mm); (D) genitalia, lateral view (scale bar = 0.2 mm); (E) genitalia, ventral view (scale bar = 0.1 mm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/437988/files/figure.png" pageId="1">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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A–B)
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="60DCD9A8FFE4FFC65B9CFCF5FC0AF743" pageId="1" type="description">
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<paragraph id="28798A23FFE4FFC65B9CFCF5FADBF260" blockId="1.[151,1436,763,1652]" box="[151,1316,831,855]" pageId="1">
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<emphasis id="1AB25631FFE4FFC65B9CFCF5FEF6F260" bold="true" box="[151,265,831,855]" pageId="1">Variation.</emphasis>
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The Brazilian females and males have the scape, pedicel and first flagellar segment pale ventrally.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="28798A23FFE4FFC65BCCFCA8FB71F585" blockId="1.[151,1436,763,1652]" pageId="1">
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<emphasis id="1AB25631FFE4FFC65BCCFCA8FF01F24D" box="[199,254,866,890]" italics="true" pageId="1">Male</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="B0FD96A6FFE4FFC65A05FCA9FEADF24D" box="[270,338,867,890]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,244,1534,1556]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,191,1487]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,191,1513]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Zatypota riverai Gauld, 1991: (A) habitus, female; (B) habitus, male; (C) subgenital plate (scale bar = 1 mm); (D) genitalia, lateral view (scale bar = 0.2 mm); (E) genitalia, ventral view (scale bar = 0.1 mm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/437988/files/figure.png" pageId="1">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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B): Body length
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<quantity id="EF3E27C6FFE4FFC65902FCA9FD70F24D" box="[521,655,867,890]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.35" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="5.2" pageId="1" unit="mm" value="5.35" valueMax="5.5" valueMin="5.2">5.2–5.5 mm</quantity>
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; fore wing length
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<quantity id="EF3E27C6FFE4FFC65852FCA9FC20F24D" box="[857,991,867,890]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.35" metricValueMax="4.4" metricValueMin="4.3" pageId="1" unit="mm" value="4.35" valueMax="4.4" valueMin="4.3">4.3–4.4 mm</quantity>
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. Similar to female in structure and color pattern, except malar space 0.4–0.6 × as long as basal mandibular width; lower face elongate, 0.9–1.0 × as broad as high (from supraclypeal suture to level of insertion of antenna). Subgenital plate transverse, about 1.7 × broader than high, with few bristles spaced medially and posteriorly; sternal apodeme broad, about 0.15 × longer than sternum (sternal apodeme plus sterno) (
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<figureCitation id="B0FD96A6FFE4FFC65A84FC27FE2DF533" box="[399,466,1005,1028]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,244,1534,1556]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,191,1487]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,191,1513]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Zatypota riverai Gauld, 1991: (A) habitus, female; (B) habitus, male; (C) subgenital plate (scale bar = 1 mm); (D) genitalia, lateral view (scale bar = 0.2 mm); (E) genitalia, ventral view (scale bar = 0.1 mm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/437988/files/figure.png" pageId="1">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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C); genital capsule (
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<figureCitation id="B0FD96A6FFE4FFC659A6FC27FD11F533" box="[685,750,1005,1028]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,244,1534,1556]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,191,1487]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,191,1513]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Zatypota riverai Gauld, 1991: (A) habitus, female; (B) habitus, male; (C) subgenital plate (scale bar = 1 mm); (D) genitalia, lateral view (scale bar = 0.2 mm); (E) genitalia, ventral view (scale bar = 0.1 mm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/437988/files/figure.png" pageId="1">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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D-E) with paramere rounded apically, narrower than parameral lamina, 0.4 of lateroapical margin with dense bristles; volselar lamina with two or three bristles spaced longitudinally on lateroapical margin; digitus about 0.4 × length of aedeagus (including aedeagal apodeme), with tooth in apical part, rounded apically and with acuminate prolongation basally; cuspis 0.27 × length of cuspis plus volsellar lamina, with apical tooth; aedeagus (including aedeagal apodeme) 1.04 × length of paramere plus parameral lamina (incluing parameral apodeme); basal process of aedeagal apodeme about 0.15-0.23 × length of aedeagus.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="28798A23FFE4FFC65BCCFB77FEC1F5C0" blockId="1.[151,1436,763,1652]" pageId="1">
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<emphasis id="1AB25631FFE4FFC65BCCFB77FEE5F5E3" box="[199,282,1213,1236]" italics="true" pageId="1">Cocoon</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="B0FD96A6FFE4FFC65A20FB77FE94F5E3" box="[299,363,1213,1236]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,244,644,666]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,621]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[151,1436,194,621]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. A) Adult female of Anelosimus baeza with a larva of Zatypota riverai attached to its abdomen. B) Three-dimensional web of A. baeza containing the parasitoid cocoon in its central region. Photographs: Jober Fernando Sobczak" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/437987/files/figure.png" pageId="1">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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B): Fusiform,
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<quantity id="EF3E27C6FFE4FFC65900FB77FDA0F5E3" box="[523,607,1213,1236]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.6" pageId="1" unit="mm" value="7.6">7.6 mm</quantity>
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long and about
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<quantity id="EF3E27C6FFE4FFC65813FB77FC93F5E3" box="[792,876,1213,1236]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="1" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
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at its maximum diameter, with silk golden orange brownish color.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="28798A23FFE4FFC65BCCFAC8FC0AF743" blockId="1.[151,1436,763,1652]" pageId="1">
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<emphasis id="1AB25631FFE4FFC65BCCFAC8FE81F42D" bold="true" box="[199,382,1282,1306]" pageId="1">Natural history.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="EFC6F1A0FFE4FFC65A8CFAC9FDC7F42D" box="[391,568,1283,1306]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Zatypota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="riverai">
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<emphasis id="1AB25631FFE4FFC65A8CFAC9FDC7F42D" box="[391,568,1283,1306]" italics="true" pageId="1">Zatypota riverai</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is a koinobiont ectoparasitoid of
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<taxonomicName id="EFC6F1A0FFE4FFC658A1FAC8FAFAF42D" box="[938,1285,1282,1306]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Anelosimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="baeza">
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<emphasis id="1AB25631FFE4FFC658A1FAC8FB93F42D" box="[938,1132,1282,1306]" italics="true" pageId="1">Anelosimus baeza</emphasis>
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(Theridiidae)
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</taxonomicName>
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. All the larva (n=5) found were attached to the dorsolateral and posterior part of the host’s abdomen (
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<figureCitation id="B0FD96A6FFE4FFC65F6DFAEFFB59F40B" box="[1126,1190,1317,1340]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,244,644,666]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,621]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[151,1436,194,621]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. A) Adult female of Anelosimus baeza with a larva of Zatypota riverai attached to its abdomen. B) Three-dimensional web of A. baeza containing the parasitoid cocoon in its central region. Photographs: Jober Fernando Sobczak" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/437987/files/figure.png" pageId="1">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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), which differs of the anterior-dorsolateral larval placement observed by
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<bibRefCitation id="4C57F7D2FFE4FFC659B5FA82FCA6F468" author="Fritzen" box="[702,857,1352,1375]" pageId="1" refString="Fritzen, N. R. (2014) Two new species of the Polysphincta genus-group (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Pimplinae) reared from their spider (Araneae) hosts in Europe. Zootaxa, 3894 (1), 117 - 130." type="journal article" year="2014">Fritzén (2014)</bibRefCitation>
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in
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<taxonomicName id="EFC6F1A0FFE4FFC65874FA82FC12F468" box="[895,1005,1351,1375]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Zatypota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flamma">
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<emphasis id="1AB25631FFE4FFC65874FA82FC12F468" box="[895,1005,1351,1375]" italics="true" pageId="1">Z. flamma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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on
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<taxonomicName id="EFC6F1A0FFE4FFC65F13FA8DFB57F468" box="[1048,1192,1351,1375]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Parasteatoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="1AB25631FFE4FFC65F13FA8DFB57F468" box="[1048,1192,1351,1375]" italics="true" pageId="1">Parasteatoda</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. (
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<taxonomicName id="EFC6F1A0FFE4FFC65FD5FA82FA9FF468" box="[1246,1376,1352,1375]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Theridiidae</taxonomicName>
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). The head of
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<taxonomicName id="EFC6F1A0FFE4FFC65BE6FAA1FEADF4B5" box="[237,338,1387,1410]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Zatypota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="riverai">
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<emphasis id="1AB25631FFE4FFC65BE6FAA1FEADF4B5" box="[237,338,1387,1410]" italics="true" pageId="1">Z. riverai</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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larva points towards the posterior part of the spider abdomen. We found the parasitized spiders always on shrub vegetation, which provides a favorable microhabitat for the construction of the theridiid’s three-dimensional webs. Before killing the host, the larvae of
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<taxonomicName id="EFC6F1A0FFE4FFC65955FA7AFD3DF4F0" box="[606,706,1456,1479]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Zatypota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="riverai">
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<emphasis id="1AB25631FFE4FFC65955FA7AFD3DF4F0" box="[606,706,1456,1479]" italics="true" pageId="1">Z. riverai</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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induced the spider to construct a cocoon web. The general structures of normal and cocoon webs are apparently similar. However, the central region of the cocoon web exhibits a higher number of silk threads, making it denser in comparison with the normal web. Right after building its cocoon web, the spider is killed and entirely consumed by the larva, which moves to the central part of the web and begins to construct the cocoon. The larva last about eight hours to complete the cocoon construction, always in vertical orientation and at night time. After nine days, the adult wasp emerges from the apical part of the cocoon.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |