treatments-xml/data/9E/45/A8/9E45A8739F3C3344FF20FDF4FC1AFB43.xml

<document id="2EA9E5C9CEBC5FAA22E5C7A807C64A76" ID-CLB-Dataset="20188" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.539.3.8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="12aa9241-f6fb-4b57-8cb7-6148a549cae9" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6364218" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1647496096106" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sequeira, Stephen, Christy, Arun, Anilkumar, Aswathi &amp; Arsha, S. M." docDate="2022" docId="9E45A8739F3C3344FF20FDF4FC1AFB43" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.539.9.8.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 539 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.539.3.8" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.7:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Parmotrema sahyadrica Sequiera &amp; A. Christy 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="291" masterDocId="627CD00B9F3D3340FFA8FFC0FFD6FFEA" masterDocTitle="Parmotrema sahyadrica (Parmeliaceae): A new species of parmelioid lichen from Wayanad, Southern Western Ghats, India" masterLastPageNumber="292" masterPageNumber="287" pageNumber="288" updateTime="1699318168427" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="1F69BE1FEE3EA0E7A644C4CC468136F7">Parmotrema sahyadrica (Parmeliaceae): A new species of parmelioid lichen from Wayanad, Southern Western Ghats, India</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="20B3F16BDB3FFB1C697A9B103D9A4D26">Sequeira, Stephen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7448CB2D689A4702AEC6A6339CFAC837">Lichenology Lab, Post Graduate and Research Department of Botany, Maharaja’s College, Ernakulam - 682011, Kerala, India. &amp; step @ rediffmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3339 - 9145</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F022C84B8E56BBE9C24DD7B2F9C12236">Christy, Arun</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="CCE3210E303E395A4E44613B9B90DC18">Lichenology Lab, Post Graduate and Research Department of Botany, Maharaja’s College, Ernakulam - 682011, Kerala, India. &amp; arunchristysebastian 03 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9425 - 9934</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="EA23DAE18F12082E8E7AB88DB038355F">Anilkumar, Aswathi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="07E2396D27D63AD56CA31C44B4A3E6D7">Lichenology Lab, Post Graduate and Research Department of Botany, Maharaja’s College, Ernakulam - 682011, Kerala, India. &amp; aswathianilkumar 210 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9101 - 5643</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="0C0854416E87A780A58EAB8323B50090">Arsha, S. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="550CDD5B552FF84E196591454CDAFB6F">Lichenology Lab, Post Graduate and Research Department of Botany, Maharaja’s College, Ernakulam - 682011, Kerala, India. &amp; arsha. smohan @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8929 - 8856</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="4AD106334BB53BF9FDC4C00C62974FA5">2022</mods:date>
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<treatment id="9E45A8739F3C3344FF20FDF4FC1AFB43" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6366443" ID-GBIF-Taxon="194055107" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6366443" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9E45A8739F3C3344FF20FDF4FC1AFB43" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9E45A8739F3C3344FF20FDF4FC1AFB43" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="291" pageId="1" pageNumber="288">
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<paragraph id="165319659F3C3341FF20FDF4FC84FDA4" blockId="1.[136,850,564,591]" box="[136,850,564,591]" pageId="1" pageNumber="288">
<heading id="4D1BAE099F3C3341FF20FDF4FC84FDA4" box="[136,850,564,591]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="288" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="D1EC62E69F3C3341FF20FDF4FD41FDA4" authority="Sequiera &amp; A.Christy" authorityName="Sequiera &amp; A. Christy" authorityYear="2022" box="[136,663,564,591]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="1" pageNumber="288" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="sahyadrica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="2498C5779F3C3341FF20FDF4FE48FDA5" bold="true" box="[136,414,564,591]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="288">Parmotrema sahyadrica</emphasis>
Sequiera &amp; A.Christy
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, 
<emphasis id="2498C5779F3C3341FD0BFDF5FD2EFDA4" box="[675,760,565,590]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="288">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3FAB780C9F3C3341FD0BFDF5FD2EFDA4" box="[675,760,565,590]" pageId="1" pageNumber="288" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="8ED705E09F3C3341FCAEFDF4FC91FDA4" box="[774,839,564,590]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[136,229,1796,1818]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,704,1768]" captionTargetId="figure-133@1.[151,1436,648,1768]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Parmotrema sahyadrica: A. Thallus; B. Thallus with isidia; C. Thallus showing yellow medulla; D. Lower side of the thallus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6364220" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6364220/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="288">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
)
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<paragraph id="165319659F3C3341FF20FD98FE6EFD99" blockId="1.[136,440,600,627]" box="[136,440,600,627]" pageId="1" pageNumber="288">Mycobank no.:MB 843254</paragraph>
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<caption id="429349ED9F3C3341FF20F8C4FF19F8D4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6364220" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6364220" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6364220/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="288" startId="1.[136,229,1796,1818]" targetBox="[151,1432,704,1768]" targetPageId="1">
<paragraph id="165319659F3C3341FF20F8C4FF19F8D4" blockId="1.[136,1451,1796,1854]" pageId="1" pageNumber="288">
<emphasis id="2498C5779F3C3341FF20F8C4FED7F8F3" bold="true" box="[136,257,1796,1818]" pageId="1" pageNumber="288">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D1EC62E69F3C3341FEA2F8C5FDA7F8F0" authority=": A. Thallus" authorityName="A. Thallus" box="[266,625,1796,1818]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="1" pageNumber="288" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="sahyadrica">
<emphasis id="2498C5779F3C3341FEA2F8C5FE20F8F3" box="[266,502,1796,1818]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="288">Parmotrema sahyadrica</emphasis>
: 
<emphasis id="2498C5779F3C3341FDAEF8C4FDCBF8F3" bold="true" box="[518,541,1796,1817]" pageId="1" pageNumber="288">A.</emphasis>
Thallus
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; 
<emphasis id="2498C5779F3C3341FDD6F8C4FD42F8F3" bold="true" box="[638,660,1796,1817]" pageId="1" pageNumber="288">B.</emphasis>
Thallus with isidia; 
<emphasis id="2498C5779F3C3341FCCEF8C4FCABF8F0" bold="true" box="[870,893,1796,1818]" pageId="1" pageNumber="288">C.</emphasis>
Thallus showing yellow medulla; 
<emphasis id="2498C5779F3C3341FB71F8C4FB27F8F3" bold="true" box="[1241,1265,1796,1817]" pageId="1" pageNumber="288">D.</emphasis>
Lower side of the thallus.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="5EF64AEE9F3C3341FF20F8ACFDE0F824" pageId="1" pageNumber="288" type="description">
<paragraph id="165319659F3C3341FF20F8ACFDE0F824" blockId="1.[136,1452,1900,1998]" pageId="1" pageNumber="288">
Similar to 
<taxonomicName id="D1EC62E69F3C3341FEA1F8ADFD9FF86C" authorityName="Hale" authorityYear="1977" box="[265,585,1900,1926]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="1" pageNumber="288" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="enteroxanthum">
<emphasis id="2498C5779F3C3341FEA1F8ADFD9FF86C" box="[265,585,1900,1926]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="288">Parmotrema enteroxanthum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but differs in having simple and coralloid isidia and different secondary compounds. Thallus corticolous, 
<quantity id="D114B4809F3C3341FDACF851FD82F841" box="[516,596,1937,1963]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="288" unit="cm" value="7.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="7.0">7-8 cm</quantity>
wide, lobes 
<quantity id="D114B4809F3C3341FD42F850FC84F841" box="[746,850,1936,1963]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="288" unit="mm" value="8.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="6.0">6-10 mm</quantity>
wide, apically rounded, sometimes crenate, eciliate, medulla yellow, isidia mainly laminal.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="165319659F3F3342FF20F861FB1CF815" blockId="2.[136,1451,1953,2047]" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">
<emphasis id="2498C5779F3F3342FF20F861FEA9F85C" bold="true" box="[136,383,1953,1975]" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">FIGURE 2. TLC Plate:</emphasis>
Chromatogram developed by Thin Layer Chromatography using solvent system A (TDA); 
<emphasis id="2498C5779F3F3342FAB9F861FAFCF85D" bold="true" box="[1297,1322,1953,1975]" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">C:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D1EC62E69F3F3342FA9BF862FE6BF831" authority="(Taylor) M. Choisy" authorityName="M. Choisy" baseAuthorityName="Taylor" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="reticulatum">
<emphasis id="2498C5779F3F3342FA9BF862FF20F830" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">Parmotrema reticulatum</emphasis>
(Taylor) M. Choisy
</taxonomicName>
; 
<emphasis id="2498C5779F3F3342FE60F805FE0AF830" bold="true" box="[456,476,1989,2010]" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">1:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D1EC62E69F3F3342FE4CF806FC7AF831" authority="Sequiera &amp; A. Christy" authorityName="Sequiera &amp; A. Christy" authorityYear="2022" box="[484,940,1989,2011]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="sahyadrica">
<emphasis id="2498C5779F3F3342FE4CF806FD19F830" box="[484,719,1989,2011]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">Parmotrema sahyadrica</emphasis>
Sequiera &amp; A.Christy
</taxonomicName>
; 
<emphasis id="2498C5779F3F3342FC1FF805FC1CF830" bold="true" box="[951,970,1989,2010]" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">2:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D1EC62E69F3F3342FC7AF806FA5AF831" authority="(Delise ex Nyl.) Hale" authorityName="Hale" baseAuthorityName="Nyl." box="[978,1420,1989,2011]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="tinctorum">
<emphasis id="2498C5779F3F3342FC7AF806FB79F831" box="[978,1199,1990,2011]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">Parmotrema tinctorum</emphasis>
(Delise ex Nyl.) Hale
</taxonomicName>
; 
<emphasis id="2498C5779F3F3342FA3FF805FA7DF830" bold="true" box="[1431,1451,1989,2010]" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">3:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D1EC62E69F3F3342FF20F82AFE2CF815" authority="(Taylor) Hale" authorityName="Hale" authorityYear="1974" baseAuthorityName="Taylor" baseAuthorityYear="1847" box="[136,506,2025,2047]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="cristiferum">
<emphasis id="2498C5779F3F3342FF20F82AFEB9F814" box="[136,367,2025,2047]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">Parmotrema cristiferum</emphasis>
(Taylor) Hale
</taxonomicName>
; 
<emphasis id="2498C5779F3F3342FDACF829FDCEF814" bold="true" box="[516,536,2025,2046]" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">4:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D1EC62E69F3F3342FDB6F82AFCF6F815" authority="Hale" authorityName="Hale" authorityYear="1977" box="[542,800,2025,2047]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="indicum">
<emphasis id="2498C5779F3F3342FDB6F82AFD3CF814" box="[542,746,2025,2047]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">Parmotrema indicum</emphasis>
Hale
</taxonomicName>
; 
<emphasis id="2498C5779F3F3342FC82F829FCE0F814" bold="true" box="[810,822,2025,2046]" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">5</emphasis>
: 
<taxonomicName id="D1EC62E69F3F3342FCEAF82AFB1CF815" authority="(Lynge) Hale" authorityName="Hale" authorityYear="1974" baseAuthorityName="Lynge" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[834,1226,2025,2047]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="sancti-angelii">
<emphasis id="2498C5779F3F3342FCEAF82AFB93F814" box="[834,1093,2025,2047]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">Parmotrema sancti-angelii</emphasis>
(Lynge) Hale
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</caption>
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<paragraph id="165319659F3E3343FF20FD5EFC07FD52" blockId="3.[136,977,670,696]" box="[136,977,670,696]" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">
<emphasis id="2498C5779F3E3343FF20FD5EFF2DFD52" bold="true" box="[136,251,670,696]" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Diagnostic characters of 
<taxonomicName id="D1EC62E69F3E3343FDA4FD5EFCD9FD52" authorityName="Sequiera &amp; A. Christy" authorityYear="2022" box="[524,783,670,696]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="3" pageNumber="290" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="sahyadrica">
<emphasis id="2498C5779F3E3343FDA4FD5EFCD9FD52" box="[524,783,670,696]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Parmotrema sahyadrica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and allied species
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="165319659F3E3343FF38FD12F80FF9C5" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">
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<emphasis id="2498C5779F3E3343FF38FD12FF17FD0D" bold="true" box="[144,193,722,743]" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Parts</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFE87FD12FD95FCA2" box="[303,579,722,840]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">
<taxonomicName id="D1EC62E69F3E3343FE87FD12FE72FD0D" authorityName="Sequiera &amp; A. Christy" authorityYear="2022" box="[303,420,722,743]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="3" pageNumber="290" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="sahyadrica">
<emphasis id="2498C5779F3E3343FE87FD12FE72FD0D" bold="true" box="[303,420,722,743]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">P. sahyadrica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFDF6FD12FCAFFCA2" box="[606,889,722,840]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">
<taxonomicName id="D1EC62E69F3E3343FDF6FD13FD2CFD02" authorityName="Hale" authorityYear="1977" box="[606,762,723,744]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="3" pageNumber="290" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="enteroxanthum">
<emphasis id="2498C5779F3E3343FDF6FD13FD2CFD02" bold="true" box="[606,762,723,744]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">P. enteroxanthum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="727D64949F3E3343FCAEFD13FD5DFCE2" author="Sipman, H. J. M." pageId="3" pageNumber="290" refId="ref3080" refString="Sipman, H. J. M. (2005) Mason Hale's key to Parmotrema, revised edition: key to wide-lobed parmelioid species occurring in Tropical America (genera Canomaculina, Parmotrema, Rimelia, Rimeliella). Available from: http: // www. bgbm. org / sipman / keys / neoparmo. htm (Last update 28 October 2005; accessed October 2008)" type="url" year="2005">Sipman, 2005</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="727D64949F3E3343FD3CFD33FCF0FCE2" author="Spielmann, A. A." box="[660,806,755,776]" pageId="3" pageNumber="290" refId="ref3187" refString="Spielmann, A. A. (2009) Estudos taxonomicos em Parmotrema s. l. (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota liquenizados) com acido salazinico. PhD. Thesis. Sao Paulo. 152 pp." type="book" year="2009">Spielmann, 2009</bibRefCitation>
)
</th>
<th id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFC25FD12FB7CFCA2" box="[909,1194,722,840]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">
<taxonomicName id="D1EC62E69F3E3343FC25FD12FBE1FD0D" authorityName="Hale" authorityYear="1974" baseAuthorityName="Hillman" baseAuthorityYear="1940" box="[909,1079,722,743]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="3" pageNumber="290" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="endosulphureum">
<emphasis id="2498C5779F3E3343FC25FD12FBE1FD0D" bold="true" box="[909,1079,722,743]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">P. endosulphureum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="727D64949F3E3343FC3BFD32FC29FCED" author="Hale, M. E." box="[915,1023,754,775]" pageId="3" pageNumber="290" pagination="105 - 116" refId="ref2538" refString="Hale, M. E. (1974 b) Notes on species of Parmotrema (Lichenes: Parmeliaceae) containing yellow pigments. Mycotaxon 1: 105 - 116." type="journal article" year="1974">Hale, 1974b</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="727D64949F3E3343FBA0FD32FB57FCED" author="Sipman, H. J. M." box="[1032,1153,754,775]" pageId="3" pageNumber="290" refId="ref3080" refString="Sipman, H. J. M. (2005) Mason Hale's key to Parmotrema, revised edition: key to wide-lobed parmelioid species occurring in Tropical America (genera Canomaculina, Parmotrema, Rimelia, Rimeliella). Available from: http: // www. bgbm. org / sipman / keys / neoparmo. htm (Last update 28 October 2005; accessed October 2008)" type="url" year="2005">Sipman, 2005</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="727D64949F3E3343FC25FCD2FBB3FCCD" author="Benatti, M. N. &amp; Marcelli, M. P." box="[909,1125,786,807]" pageId="3" pageNumber="290" pagination="597 - 612" refId="ref2208" refString="Benatti, M. N. &amp; Marcelli, M. P. (2009) Especies de Parmotrema (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycetes liquenizados) commedula pigmentada do litoral centro-sul do Estado de Sao Paulo. Hoehnea 36 (4): 597 - 612. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 2236 - 89062009000400003" type="journal article" year="2009">Benatti &amp; Marcelli, 2009</bibRefCitation>
)
</th>
<th id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFB13FD12FA17FCA2" box="[1211,1473,722,840]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">
<taxonomicName id="D1EC62E69F3E3343FB13FD12FA97FD0D" authorityName="Hale" authorityYear="1974" baseAuthorityName="Nees &amp; Flotow" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[1211,1345,722,743]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="3" pageNumber="290" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="sulphuratum">
<emphasis id="2498C5779F3E3343FB13FD12FA97FD0D" bold="true" box="[1211,1345,722,743]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">P. sulphuratum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="727D64949F3E3343FB69FD32FAFAFCED" author="Hale, M. E." box="[1217,1324,754,775]" pageId="3" pageNumber="290" pagination="105 - 116" refId="ref2538" refString="Hale, M. E. (1974 b) Notes on species of Parmotrema (Lichenes: Parmeliaceae) containing yellow pigments. Mycotaxon 1: 105 - 116." type="journal article" year="1974">Hale, 1974b</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="727D64949F3E3343FA9DFD32FA78FCED" author="Sipman, H. J. M." box="[1333,1454,754,775]" pageId="3" pageNumber="290" refId="ref3080" refString="Sipman, H. J. M. (2005) Mason Hale's key to Parmotrema, revised edition: key to wide-lobed parmelioid species occurring in Tropical America (genera Canomaculina, Parmotrema, Rimelia, Rimeliella). Available from: http: // www. bgbm. org / sipman / keys / neoparmo. htm (Last update 28 October 2005; accessed October 2008)" type="url" year="2005">Sipman, 2005</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="727D64949F3E3343FB13FCD2FA44FCCD" author="Benatti, M. N. &amp; Marcelli, M. P." box="[1211,1426,786,807]" pageId="3" pageNumber="290" pagination="597 - 612" refId="ref2208" refString="Benatti, M. N. &amp; Marcelli, M. P. (2009) Especies de Parmotrema (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycetes liquenizados) commedula pigmentada do litoral centro-sul do Estado de Sao Paulo. Hoehnea 36 (4): 597 - 612. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 2236 - 89062009000400003" type="journal article" year="2009">Benatti &amp; Marcelli, 2009</bibRefCitation>
)
</th>
<th id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFA76FD12F93DFCA2" box="[1502,1771,722,840]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">
<taxonomicName id="D1EC62E69F3E3343FA76FD13F9B3FD02" authorityName="Hale" authorityYear="1974" baseAuthorityName="Lynge" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[1502,1637,723,744]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="3" pageNumber="290" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="sancti-angelii">P. sancti-angelii</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="727D64949F3E3343FA4CFD33F965FCE2" author="Divakar, P. K. &amp; Upreti, D. K." box="[1508,1715,755,776]" pageId="3" pageNumber="290" refId="ref2354" refString="Divakar, P. K. &amp; Upreti, D. K. (2005) Parmelioid lichens in India (a revisionary study). Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehradun, India. 488 pp." type="book" year="2005">Divakar &amp; Upreti, 2005</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="727D64949F3E3343FA76FCD3F98DFCC2" author="Awasthi, D. D." box="[1502,1627,787,808]" pageId="3" pageNumber="290" refId="ref2110" refString="Awasthi, D. D. (2007) A Compendium of the Macrolichens from India, Nepal and Sri Lanka. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehradun, India. 580 pp." type="book" year="2007">Awasthi, 2007</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="727D64949F3E3343F9CCFCD3F99DFCA2" author="Mishra, G. K. &amp; Upreti, D. K." pageId="3" pageNumber="290" pagination="18 - 40" refId="ref2840" refString="Mishra, G. K. &amp; Upreti, D. K. (2017) The lichen genus Parmotrema A. Massal. (Lecanorales, Ascomycota) from India with addition distributional records. Cryptogam Biodiversity and Assessment 2 (2): 18 - 40. https: // doi. org / 10.21756 / cab. v 2 i 02.11117" type="journal article" year="2017">Mishra &amp; Upreti, 2017</bibRefCitation>
)
</th>
<th id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFF8A9FD12F7D1FCA2" box="[1793,2055,722,840]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">
<taxonomicName id="D1EC62E69F3E3343F8A9FD13F8AAFD02" box="[1793,1916,723,744]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="3" pageNumber="290" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="permutatum">P. permutatum</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="727D64949F3E3343F8AEFD33F800FCE2" author="Divakar, P. K. &amp; Upreti, D. K." box="[1798,2006,755,776]" pageId="3" pageNumber="290" refId="ref2354" refString="Divakar, P. K. &amp; Upreti, D. K. (2005) Parmelioid lichens in India (a revisionary study). Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehradun, India. 488 pp." type="book" year="2005">Divakar &amp; Upreti, 2005</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="727D64949F3E3343F8A9FCD3F8ABFCC2" author="Awasthi, D. D." box="[1793,1917,787,808]" pageId="3" pageNumber="290" refId="ref2110" refString="Awasthi, D. D. (2007) A Compendium of the Macrolichens from India, Nepal and Sri Lanka. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehradun, India. 580 pp." type="book" year="2007">Awasthi, 2007</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="727D64949F3E3343F82EFCD3F8B8FCA2" author="Mishra, G. K. &amp; Upreti, D. K." pageId="3" pageNumber="290" pagination="18 - 40" refId="ref2840" refString="Mishra, G. K. &amp; Upreti, D. K. (2017) The lichen genus Parmotrema A. Massal. (Lecanorales, Ascomycota) from India with addition distributional records. Cryptogam Biodiversity and Assessment 2 (2): 18 - 40. https: // doi. org / 10.21756 / cab. v 2 i 02.11117" type="journal article" year="2017">Mishra &amp; Upreti, 2017</bibRefCitation>
)
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="A8DC1B279F3ECCBFFF38FCB6F7D1FC21" box="[144,2055,886,971]" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">
<th id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFF38FCB6FED8FC21" box="[144,270,886,971]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">
<emphasis id="2498C5779F3E3343FF38FCB6FF03FC61" bold="true" box="[144,213,886,907]" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Thallus</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFE87FCB6FD95FC21" box="[303,579,886,971]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Yellowish grey, corticolous, loosely adnate</td>
<td id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFDF6FCB6FCAFFC21" box="[606,889,886,971]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Whitish grey, saxicolous, loosely adnate</td>
<td id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFC25FCB6FB7CFC21" box="[909,1194,886,971]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Greyish green to light brown, corticolous or saxicolous, moderately adnate</td>
<td id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFB13FCB6FA17FC21" box="[1211,1473,886,971]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Yellowish green to yellowish brown, corticolous, adnate to a little extend</td>
<td id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFA76FCB6F93DFC21" box="[1502,1771,886,971]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Glaucous white, Grey to darker grey, corticolous, rarely saxicolous, loosely adnate</td>
<td id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFF8A9FCB6F7D1FC21" box="[1793,2055,886,971]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Grey to grey green, corticolous, rarely saxicolous, loosely adnate</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A8DC1B279F3ECCBFFF38FBC1F7D1FBFD" box="[144,2055,1025,1047]" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">
<th id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFF38FBC1FED8FBFD" box="[144,270,1025,1047]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">
<emphasis id="2498C5779F3E3343FF38FBC1FF11FBFC" bold="true" box="[144,199,1025,1046]" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Lobes</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFE87FBC1FD95FBFD" box="[303,579,1025,1047]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Rotund to crenate</td>
<td id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFDF6FBC1FCAFFBFD" box="[606,889,1025,1047]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Rounded to undulate</td>
<td id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFC25FBC1FB7CFBFD" box="[909,1194,1025,1047]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Rounded to subrounded</td>
<td id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFB13FBC1FA17FBFD" box="[1211,1473,1025,1047]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Subrounded, flat to plane</td>
<td id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFA76FBC1F93DFBFD" box="[1502,1771,1025,1047]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Rotund</td>
<td id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFF8A9FBC1F7D1FBFD" box="[1793,2055,1025,1047]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Rotund</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A8DC1B279F3ECCBFFF38FB8DF7D1FB48" box="[144,2055,1101,1186]" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">
<th id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFF38FB8DFED8FB48" box="[144,270,1101,1186]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">
<emphasis id="2498C5779F3E3343FF38FB8DFF0AFB88" bold="true" box="[144,220,1101,1122]" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Medulla</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFE87FB8DFD95FB48" box="[303,579,1101,1186]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Yellow</td>
<td id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFDF6FB8DFCAFFB48" box="[606,889,1101,1186]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Yellow</td>
<td id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFC25FB8DFB7CFB48" box="[909,1194,1101,1186]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Yellow</td>
<td id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFB13FB8DFA17FB48" box="[1211,1473,1101,1186]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Yellow</td>
<td id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFA76FB8DF93DFB48" box="[1502,1771,1101,1186]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">
Normally white, yellow colour in lower medulla is reported by 
<bibRefCitation id="727D64949F3E3343FA76FB4DF992FB48" author="Hale, M. E." box="[1502,1604,1165,1186]" pageId="3" pageNumber="290" pagination="193 - 358" refId="ref2483" refString="Hale, M. E. (1965) A monograph of Parmelia subgenus Amphigymnia. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 36: 193 - 358." type="journal article" year="1965">Hale (1965)</bibRefCitation>
in some specimens
</td>
<td id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFF8A9FB8DF7D1FB48" box="[1793,2055,1101,1186]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">White in upper part and yellow in lower part</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A8DC1B279F3ECCBFFF38FB18F7D1FB07" box="[144,2055,1240,1261]" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">
<th id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFF38FB18FED8FB07" box="[144,270,1240,1261]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">
<emphasis id="2498C5779F3E3343FF38FB18FF6AFB07" bold="true" box="[144,188,1240,1261]" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Cilia</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFE87FB18FD95FB07" box="[303,579,1240,1261]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Eciliate</td>
<td id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFDF6FB18FCAFFB07" box="[606,889,1240,1261]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Eciliate</td>
<td id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFC25FB18FB7CFB07" box="[909,1194,1240,1261]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Eciliate</td>
<td id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFB13FB18FA17FB07" box="[1211,1473,1240,1261]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Ciliate</td>
<td id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFA76FB18F93DFB07" box="[1502,1771,1240,1261]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Ciliate</td>
<td id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFF8A9FB18F7D1FB07" box="[1793,2055,1240,1261]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Ciliate</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A8DC1B279F3ECCBFFF38FAE3F7D1FAB3" box="[144,2055,1315,1369]" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">
<th id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFF38FAE3FED8FAB3" box="[144,270,1315,1369]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">
<emphasis id="2498C5779F3E3343FF38FAE3FED8FAD2" bold="true" box="[144,270,1315,1336]" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Isidia/Soredia</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFE87FAE3FD95FAB3" box="[303,579,1315,1369]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Isidia laminal, dense to simple coralloid</td>
<td id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFDF6FAE3FCAFFAB3" box="[606,889,1315,1369]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Isidia coarse, pustular, hollow</td>
<td id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFC25FAE3FB7CFAB3" box="[909,1194,1315,1369]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Isidia slender, dense, not pustular</td>
<td id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFB13FAE3FA17FAB3" box="[1211,1473,1315,1369]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Isidia fine, sparse, cylindrical</td>
<td id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFA76FAE3F93DFAB3" box="[1502,1771,1315,1369]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Sorediate</td>
<td id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFF8A9FAE3F7D1FAB3" box="[1793,2055,1315,1369]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Sorediate</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A8DC1B279F3ECCBFFF38FA4FF7D1FA2E" box="[144,2055,1423,1476]" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">
<th id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFF38FA4FFED8FA2E" box="[144,270,1423,1476]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Chemistry (medulla)</th>
<td id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFE87FA4FFD95FA2E" box="[303,579,1423,1476]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">K: + yellow turning darker, C: + slight yellow-red, KC: -, P: -</td>
<td id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFDF6FA4FFCAFFA2E" box="[606,889,1423,1476]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">K: + yellow turning red, C: -, KC: -, P: + yellow</td>
<td id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFC25FA4FFB7CFA2E" box="[909,1194,1423,1476]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">K: -, C: + red, KC: + red, P: -</td>
<td id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFB13FA4FFA17FA2E" box="[1211,1473,1423,1476]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">K: -, C: -, KC: -, P: -</td>
<td id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFA76FA4FF93DFA2E" box="[1502,1771,1423,1476]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">K: -, C: + rose-red, KC: + red, P: -</td>
<td id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFF8A9FA4FF7D1FA2E" box="[1793,2055,1423,1476]" gridcol="6" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">K: -; C: + pink, KC: + red. P: -</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A8DC1B279F3ECCBFFF38FA3AF7D1F9C5" box="[144,2055,1530,1583]" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">
<th id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFF38FA3AFED8F9C5" box="[144,270,1530,1583]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">
<emphasis id="2498C5779F3E3343FF38FA3AFF28F9E5" bold="true" box="[144,254,1530,1551]" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Compounds</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFE87FA3AFD95F9C5" box="[303,579,1530,1583]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Galbinic acid, entothein, atranorin</td>
<td id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFDF6FA3AFCAFF9C5" box="[606,889,1530,1583]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Salazinic acid, atranorin, consalazinic acid</td>
<td id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFC25FA3AFB7CF9C5" box="[909,1194,1530,1583]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Atranorin, entothein &amp; gyrophoric acid</td>
<td id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFB13FA3AFA17F9C5" box="[1211,1473,1530,1583]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Atranorin and vulpinic acid</td>
<td id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFFA76FA3AF93DF9C5" box="[1502,1771,1530,1583]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Atranorin and gyrophoric acid</td>
<td id="EB0D725B9F3ECCBFF8A9FA3AF7D1F9C5" box="[1793,2055,1530,1583]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Atranorin, gyrophoric acid and an unknown pigment</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="5EF64AEE9F393344FF15FF5EFC1AFB43" pageId="4" pageNumber="291" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="165319659F393344FF15FF5EFE47FF36" blockId="4.[136,1452,158,1193]" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">
<emphasis id="2498C5779F393344FF15FF5EFED7FF52" bold="true" box="[189,257,158,184]" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">Type:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="A68413389F393344FEA2FF5EFE5AFF36" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3710134301" collectingDate="2019-01-24" collectionCode="KFRI" country="India" elevation="750" location="Kavumannam" municipality="Wayanad district" pageId="4" pageNumber="291" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kerala" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="6EFB59F59F393344FEA2FF5EFE8AFF52" box="[266,348,158,184]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">INDIA</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingRegion id="D428D7879F393344FEC2FF5EFE61FF52" box="[362,439,158,184]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">Kerala</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="F637831F9F393344FE6CFF5EFD53FF52" box="[452,645,158,184]" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">Wayanad district</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="13334FBE9F393344FD3AFF5FFCE4FF53" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9E45A8739F3C3344FF20FDF4FC1AFB43:13334FBE9F393344FD3AFF5FFCE4FF53" box="[658,818,159,185]" country="India" municipality="Wayanad district" name="Kavumannam" pageId="4" pageNumber="291" stateProvince="Kerala">Kavumannam</location>
, 
<quantity id="D114B4809F393344FC97FF5EFC54FF53" box="[831,898,158,185]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="291" unit="m" value="750.0">
<elevation id="9DC1FE569F393344FC97FF5EFC54FF53" box="[831,898,158,185]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="291" unit="m" value="750.0">750m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="62523FA59F393344FC27FF5EFB99FF52" box="[911,1103,158,185]" pageId="4" pageNumber="291" value="2019-01-24">
<collectingDate id="7216C64D9F393344FC27FF5EFB99FF52" box="[911,1103,158,185]" pageId="4" pageNumber="291" value="2019-01-24">24 January 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="2498C5779F393344FBF4FF5FFAE6FF52" box="[1116,1328,158,185]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">Arun Christy 1745</emphasis>
, (
<typeStatus id="C957A7C79F393344FAE0FF5EFA7AFF52" box="[1352,1452,158,184]" pageId="4" pageNumber="291" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="70FD81A09F393344FF20FF02FF06FF36" box="[136,208,194,220]" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/vj5p-iy27" name="Kerala Forest Research Institute" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">KFRI</collectionCode>
!, isotype MCH!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="165319659F393344FF15FF26FE36FE5E" blockId="4.[136,1452,158,1193]" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">
Thallus corticolous, loosely attached to the substratum, 
<quantity id="D114B4809F393344FCE9FF26FC44FEEB" box="[833,914,230,257]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="291" unit="cm" value="7.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="7.0">7-8 cm</quantity>
wide; lobes apically rounded, to crenate, 
<quantity id="D114B4809F393344FAD0FF26FF62FECF" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="291" unit="mm" value="8.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="6.0">6-10 mm</quantity>
in wide; margin eciliate; upper surface yellowish grey, centrally dark grey, emaculate, smooth, coriaceous, thallus 170-220 µm high, isidiate, less so towards margin; isidia laminal, dense, simple to coralloid, 200-300 µm high, 60- 100 µm in diameter; eciliate; lower side centrally black, wide marginal zone tan to brown, nude; rhizines sparse, simple, distributed in groups in the centre of the thallus, 
<quantity id="D114B4809F393344FD54FEB6FCA1FE7B" box="[764,887,374,401]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="291" unit="mm" value="0.45" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.4">0.4-0.5mm</quantity>
in length; medulla yellow in upper and lower part, apothecia and pycnidia absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="165319659F393344FF15FE7EFC0CFD82" blockId="4.[136,1452,158,1193]" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">
Chemistry: Cortex K+ yellow, C-, KC-, P-, UV-; Medulla K+ yellow turning darker, C+ slightly yellow-red, KC-, P-TLC results: In 
<collectingCountry id="6EFB59F59F393344FED8FDC7FE44FDCB" box="[368,402,519,545]" name="Russia" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">RF</collectingCountry>
class 2 an unknown compound seen as icy blue in 
<collectionCode id="70FD81A09F393344FC62FDC7FC24FDCB" box="[970,1010,519,545]" country="Colombia" name="Departamento de Biologia de la Universidad del Valle" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">UV</collectionCode>
which is disappearing after 6-10 hours, between 
<collectingCountry id="6EFB59F59F393344FF45FDEBFED9FDAF" box="[237,271,555,581]" name="Russia" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">RF</collectingCountry>
classes 2 and 3, galbinic acid is present which is yellow coloured, entothein seen as streaking yellow to beige coloured present between 
<collectingCountry id="6EFB59F59F393344FE59FD8FFDC5FD83" box="[497,531,591,617]" name="Russia" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">RF</collectingCountry>
class 3-6 and Atranorin at 
<collectingCountry id="6EFB59F59F393344FCE9FD8FFCB5FD83" box="[833,867,591,617]" name="Russia" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">RF</collectingCountry>
7. (
<figureCitation id="8ED705E09F393344FC26FD8EFC04FD82" box="[910,978,590,616]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[388,1199,190,1929]" captionTargetId="figure-21@2.[388,1199,190,1929]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. TLC Plate: Chromatogram developed by Thin Layer Chromatography using solvent system A (TDA); C: Parmotrema reticulatum (Taylor) M. Choisy; 1: Parmotrema sahyadrica Sequiera &amp; A.Christy; 2: Parmotrema tinctorum (Delise ex Nyl.) Hale; 3: Parmotrema cristiferum (Taylor) Hale; 4: Parmotrema indicum Hale; 5: Parmotrema sancti-angelii (Lynge) Hale" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6364222" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6364222/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="165319659F393344FF15FDB2FE22FD5A" blockId="4.[136,1452,158,1193]" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">
Etymology: The specific epithet refers to the 
<typeStatus id="C957A7C79F393344FD6FFDB3FD21FD67" box="[711,759,627,653]" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">type</typeStatus>
locality, 
<emphasis id="2498C5779F393344FCC9FDB2FC10FD66" box="[865,966,626,652]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">Sahyadri</emphasis>
, the Sanskrit name for the Western Ghats, where this species is distributed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="165319659F393344FF15FD7AFF34FC8E" blockId="4.[136,1452,158,1193]" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">
Distribution and Ecology: Found growing on 
<emphasis id="2498C5779F393344FD4DFD7AFC78FD3E" box="[741,942,698,724]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">Mangifera indica</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="727D64949F393344FC6BFD7AFB72FD3F" author="Linnaeus, C." box="[963,1188,698,725]" pageId="4" pageNumber="291" pagination="560" refId="ref2742" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1753) Species Plantarum. Vol. 1. Stockholm. 560. pp." type="book chapter" year="1753">Linnaeus 1753:200</bibRefCitation>
) in cultivated land in Kavumannam village of Wayanad district of 
<collectingRegion id="D428D7879F393344FDD7FD1EFCD5FD13" box="[639,771,734,761]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">Kerala state</collectingRegion>
at an elevation of 
<specimenCount id="00EAD2EC9F393344FC7BFD1EFBF7FD13" box="[979,1057,734,761]" pageId="4" pageNumber="291" type="generic">
<quantity id="D114B4809F393344FC7BFD1EFBCBFD13" box="[979,1053,734,761]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="291" unit="m" value="750.0">750 m</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
Associated with other lichens such as 
<taxonomicName id="D1EC62E69F393344FF01FCC2FBB5FCF6" authority="(Yasuda ex Rasanen 1940: 139) D. D. Awasthi (1973: 113)" authorityName="D. D. Awasthi" authorityPageNumber="113" authorityYear="1973" baseAuthorityName="Rasanen" baseAuthorityPageNumber="139" baseAuthorityYear="1940" box="[169,1123,770,797]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Physciaceae" genus="Heterodermia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Caliciales" pageId="4" pageNumber="291" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="hypocaesia">
<emphasis id="2498C5779F393344FF01FCC2FE1BFCF6" box="[169,461,770,796]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">Heterodermia hypocaesia</emphasis>
(Yasuda ex 
<bibRefCitation id="727D64949F393344FDF7FCC3FCE5FCF6" author="Rasanen, V." box="[607,819,770,797]" pageId="4" pageNumber="291" pagination="139 - 153" refId="ref3015" refString="Rasanen, V. (1940) Lichenes ab A. Yasuda et aliis in Japonia collecti (I). The Journal of Japanese Botany 16: 139 - 153." type="journal article" year="1940">Räsänen 1940:139</bibRefCitation>
) D.D. Awasthi (1973:113)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="2498C5779F393344FBDCFCC3FEF6FCAA" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">
<taxonomicName id="D1EC62E69F393344FBDCFCC3FAAEFCF6" box="[1140,1400,771,796]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="4" pageNumber="291" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="tinctorum">Parmotrema tinctorum</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="D1EC62E69F393344FF20FCE7FEF6FCAA" authorityName="Hale" authorityYear="1974" baseAuthorityName="Taylor" baseAuthorityYear="1847" box="[136,288,806,832]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="4" pageNumber="291" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="cristiferum">P. cristiferum</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
. The new species is very much restricted in its distribution and has so far only been found at the 
<typeStatus id="C957A7C79F393344FAD3FCE7FA7DFCAB" box="[1403,1451,807,833]" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">type</typeStatus>
locality.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="165319659F393344FF15FCAEFC1AFB43" blockId="4.[136,1452,158,1193]" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">
Remarks: 
<taxonomicName id="D1EC62E69F393344FE9AFCAFFD94FC62" authorityName="Sequiera &amp; A. Christy" authorityYear="2022" box="[306,578,878,904]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="4" pageNumber="291" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="sahyadrica">
<emphasis id="2498C5779F393344FE9AFCAFFD94FC62" box="[306,578,878,904]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">Parmotrema sahyadrica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is characterized by a distinct yellow medulla with densely isidiate condition. This species is one among the few 
<taxonomicName id="D1EC62E69F393344FDA3FC52FD7FFC46" box="[523,681,914,940]" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">Indian species</taxonomicName>
having a yellow-coloured medulla. Orange yellow pigmentation was occasionally reported in the lower cortical region of 
<taxonomicName id="D1EC62E69F393344FD4EFC77FBC0FC3A" authorityName="Hale" authorityYear="1974" baseAuthorityName="Lynge" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[742,1046,950,976]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="4" pageNumber="291" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="sancti-angelii">
<emphasis id="2498C5779F393344FD4EFC77FBC0FC3A" box="[742,1046,950,976]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">Parmotrema sancti-angelii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and yellow coloration in the lower medulla was reported in 
<taxonomicName id="D1EC62E69F393344FE01FC1BFD11FC1E" box="[425,711,987,1012]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="4" pageNumber="291" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="permutatum">
<emphasis id="2498C5779F393344FE01FC1BFD11FC1E" box="[425,711,987,1012]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">Parmotrema permutatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="727D64949F393344FD71FC1AFCBDFC1F" author="Stirton, J." box="[729,875,986,1013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="291" pagination="298 - 299" refId="ref3224" refString="Stirton, J. (1877 - 1878) On certain lichens belonging to the genus Parmelia. Scottish Naturalist 4: 200 - 203, 252 - 254, 298 - 299." type="journal article" year="1877">Stirton 1877</bibRefCitation>
-78:252) Hale (1974:338). However, these species are different from 
<taxonomicName id="D1EC62E69F393344FEF3FC3FFDBAFBF2" authorityName="Sequiera &amp; A. Christy" authorityYear="2022" box="[347,620,1022,1048]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="4" pageNumber="291" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="sahyadrica">
<emphasis id="2498C5779F393344FEF3FC3FFDBAFBF2" box="[347,620,1022,1048]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">Parmotrema sahyadrica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having a ciliate margin, farinose, marginal to submarginal soralia and different chemical reactions on the medulla. 
<tableCitation id="5B6E2CDE9F393344FDDDFBE2FD11FBD6" box="[629,711,1058,1084]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[136,224,670,696]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 1. Diagnostic characters of Parmotrema sahyadrica and allied species" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/429349ED9F3E3343FF20FD5EFC07FD52" pageId="4" pageNumber="291" tableUuid="429349ED9F3E3343FF20FD5EFC07FD52">Table 1</tableCitation>
denotes the comparison of morphological and chemical characters of 
<taxonomicName id="D1EC62E69F393344FF02FB87FE92FB8A" authorityName="Sequiera &amp; A. Christy" authorityYear="2022" box="[170,324,1094,1120]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="4" pageNumber="291" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="sahyadrica">
<emphasis id="2498C5779F393344FF02FB87FE92FB8A" box="[170,324,1094,1120]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">P. sahyadrica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with other yellow medullated 
<taxonomicName id="D1EC62E69F393344FD03FB87FCEEFB8A" box="[683,824,1095,1120]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="4" pageNumber="291" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2498C5779F393344FD03FB87FCEEFB8A" box="[683,824,1095,1120]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">Parmotrema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
such as 
<taxonomicName id="D1EC62E69F393344FC09FB87FA71FB8A" authority="Hale (1977: 434)" authorityName="Hale" authorityPageNumber="434" authorityYear="1977" box="[929,1447,1094,1120]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="4" pageNumber="291" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="enteroxanthum">
<emphasis id="2498C5779F393344FC09FB87FB09FB8A" box="[929,1247,1094,1120]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">Parmotrema enteroxanthum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="727D64949F393344FB41FB86FA71FB8A" author="Hale, M. E." box="[1257,1447,1094,1120]" pageId="4" pageNumber="291" pagination="432 - 448" refId="ref2569" refString="Hale, M. E. (1977) New species in the lichen genus Parmotrema Mass. Mycotaxon 5 (2): 432 - 448." type="journal article" year="1977">Hale (1977:434)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="D1EC62E69F393344FF20FBABFC80FB6F" authority="(Hillman 1940: 8) Hale (1974: 336)" authorityName="Hale" authorityPageNumber="336" authorityYear="1974" baseAuthorityName="Hillman" baseAuthorityPageNumber="8" baseAuthorityYear="1940" box="[136,854,1130,1157]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="4" pageNumber="291" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="endosulphureum">
<emphasis id="2498C5779F393344FF20FBABFE05FB6E" box="[136,467,1130,1156]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">Parmotrema endosulphureum</emphasis>
(Hillman 1940:8) Hale (1974:336)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="D1EC62E69F393344FCC8FBABFE94FB42" authority="(Nees &amp; Flotow 1835: 501) Hale (1974: 339)" authorityName="Hale" authorityPageNumber="339" authorityYear="1974" baseAuthorityName="Nees &amp; Flotow" baseAuthorityPageNumber="501" baseAuthorityYear="1835" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="4" pageNumber="291" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="sulphuratum">
<emphasis id="2498C5779F393344FCC8FBABFBA9FB6E" box="[864,1151,1130,1156]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">Parmotrema sulphuratum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="727D64949F393344FB23FBAAFA75FB6F" author="Nees Von Esenbeck, C. G. D. &amp; Von Flotow, J." box="[1163,1443,1130,1157]" pageId="4" pageNumber="291" pagination="495 - 502" refId="ref2904" refString="Nees Von Esenbeck, C. G. D. &amp; Von Flotow, J. (1835) Einige neue Flechtenarten. Linnaea 9 (4): 495 - 502." type="journal article" year="1835">Nees &amp; Flotow 1835:501</bibRefCitation>
) Hale (1974:339)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="D1EC62E69F393344FEE6FB4FFDA2FB42" authorityName="Hale" authorityYear="1974" baseAuthorityName="Lynge" box="[334,628,1166,1192]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="4" pageNumber="291" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="sancti-angeli">
<emphasis id="2498C5779F393344FEE6FB4FFDA2FB42" box="[334,628,1166,1192]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">Parmotrema sancti-angeli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="D1EC62E69F393344FD02FB4FFC13FB42" box="[682,965,1167,1192]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="4" pageNumber="291" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="permutatum">
<emphasis id="2498C5779F393344FD02FB4FFC13FB42" box="[682,965,1167,1192]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">Parmotrema permutatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>