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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1154.86237" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1154-49" ID-Pensoft-UUID="E4F41DD1A11059DAB4A979F00E85D50F" ID-ZooBank="4E410C2ACC03438F8AC7C5370819DE6C" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1154-49" checkinTime="1679436496911" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Wu, Min, Shen, Wang &amp; Chen, Zhong-Guang" docDate="2023" docId="8B5466A0C80456DC9BBB5323E948384B" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1154: 49-147" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1154" docPubDate="2023-03-20" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1154.86237" docTitle="Laeocathaica phaeomphala Moellendorff 1899" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="E4F41DD1A11059DAB4A979F00E85D50F" lastPageNumber="49" masterDocId="E4F41DD1A11059DAB4A979F00E85D50F" masterDocTitle="Land snail diversity in central China: revision of Laeocathaica Moellendorff, 1899 (Gastropoda, Camaenidae), with descriptions of seven new species" masterLastPageNumber="147" masterPageNumber="49" pageNumber="49" updateTime="1679436496911" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Land snail diversity in central China: revision of Laeocathaica Moellendorff, 1899 (Gastropoda, Camaenidae), with descriptions of seven new species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Wu, Min</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5434-5544</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">minwu1969@aliyun.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Shen, Wang</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Chen, Zhong-Guang</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2689-3321</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecosystem Change and Biodiversity, Center for Watershed Ecology, Institute of Life Science and School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2023-03-20</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>1154</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>49</mods:start>
<mods:end>147</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1154.86237</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1154.86237</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1154-49</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">4E410C2ACC03438F8AC7C5370819DE6C</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">E4F41DD1A11059DAB4A979F00E85D50F</mods:identifier>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8B5466A0C80456DC9BBB5323E948384B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8B5466A0C80456DC9BBB5323E948384B" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicName ID-CoL="7RSP8" LSID="8B5466A0-C804-56DC-9BBB-5323E948384B" authority="Moellendorff, 1899" authorityName="Moellendorff" authorityYear="1899" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Laeocathaica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laeocathaica phaeomphala" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="phaeomphala">
Laeocathaica phaeomphala
<normalizedToken originalValue="Möllendorff">Moellendorff</normalizedToken>
, 1899
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A distribution map of all known species of Laeocathaica Moellendorff, 1899 except L. anceyi (Moellendorff in Ancey, 1889), L. hisanoi Pall-Gergely, 2022, and L. leucorhaphe Moellendorff, 1899 whose precise localities are not known; white dots: the localities where no Laeocathaica species was ever found B distribution of the new species described in this paper, yellow dots: L. qingchuanensis Wu, sp. nov., green dot: L. zhengpingliui Wu, sp. nov., brown dots: L. parapolytyla Wu, sp. nov., white dot: L. qiminglii Wu, sp. nov., pink dot: L. cheni Wu, sp. nov., blue dots: L. qishilii Wu, sp. nov., orange dots: L. nordsiecki Wu, sp. nov. C distribution of L. carinifera (H. Adams, 1870) (green dots), L. qingchuanensis Wu, sp. nov. (yellow dots), and L. stenochone Moellendorff, 1899 (blue dots) D distribution of L. amdoana Moellendorff, 1899 (green dots), L. distinguenda Moellendorff, 1899 (pink dots), and L. tropidorhaphe Moellendorff, 1899 (blue dots) C equivalent to the larger box in (A), B, D equivalent to the smaller box in (A)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1154.86237.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/827345" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Figs 2A</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Distribution map of Laeocathaica dityla Moellendorff, 1899 (green dots), L. odophora Moellendorff, 1899 (pink dots), L. pewzowi Moellendorff, 1899 (white dots), L. phaeomphala Moellendorff, 1899 (blue dots), L. polytyla Moellendorff, 1899 (yellow dots), L. potanini Moellendorff, 1899 (red dots), and L. prionotropis Moellendorff, 1899 (orange dots). Range of the map is defined by the rectangle in the thumbnail." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1154.86237.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/827346" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">, 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Laeocathaica phaeomphala Moellendorff, 1899 A SMF 9089, lectotype B SMF 9090, paratype C HBUMM 05433 a-spec. 6." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1154.86237.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/827365" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">, 22</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 23. Genital anatomy of Laeocathaica phaeomphala Moellendorff, 1899, HBUMM 05433 a-spec. 6 A general view B, C ventral and left views of dart sac apparatus. Abbreviations: AS - accessory sac; At - atrium; BCD - bursa copulatrix duct; DS - dart sac; DtC - a chamber containing love dart; Ep - epiphallus; MG - mucous glands; P - penis; PR - penial retractor muscle; PS - penial sheath; Va - vagina; VD - vas deferens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1154.86237.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/827366" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">, 23</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 42" captionStartId="F42" captionText="Figure 42. Internal view of penis A, B Laeocathaica dolani (Pilsbry, 1934), HBUMM 00069 - spec. 1 A general view B proximal penis C L. christinae (H. Adams, 1870), HBUMM 01251 a-spec. 1, general view D L. phaeomphala Moellendorff, 1899, HBUMM 05433 - spec. 1 E L. odophora Moellendorff, 1899, HBUMM 08430 - spec. 1 F L. pewzowi Moellendorff, 1899, ZIN RAS No. 4, &quot; Aegista pewzowi Schalf. &quot; G, H L. parapolytyla Wu, sp. nov., HBUMM 06640 - spec. 1, holotype G general view H proximal part. Arrows indicate the position where two penial internal pilasters fuse into one distal pilaster." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1154.86237.figure42" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/827385" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">, 42D</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 48" captionStartId="F48" captionText="Figure 48. SEM micrographs A, B Laeocathaica qishilii Wu, sp. nov., HBUMM 08298, paratype A protoconch B teleoconch C, D L. qiminglii Wu, sp. nov., HBUMM 08448, paratype C protoconch D teleoconch E, F L. phaeomphala Moellendorff, 1899, CZG 202008 - w 3, subadult E protoconch F teleoconch G, H L. filippina (Heude, 1882), HBUMM 04166 G protoconch H teleoconch I, J L. parapolytyla Wu, sp. nov., HBUMM 06640 - spec. 9, paratype I protoconch J teleoconch." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1154.86237.figure48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/827391" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">, 48E, F</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 51" captionStartId="F51" captionText="Figure 51. Bayesian phylogram of camaenid species (for detail see in Table 1) based on the concatenated partial mitochondrial 16 S and partial ITS 2 sequences. The tree is rooted with Helix pomatia. Numbers near nodes indicating Bayesian posterior probabilities and Maximum-likelihood bootstrap values are given as BPP BP. Black or orange part shows the topology where the result yielded by using Bayesian-Inference method agrees with that by using Maximum-likelihood method or not, respectively. An asterisk indicates the branch is exactly one third shortened in length. Scale bar is for substitutions per site." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1154.86237.figure51" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/827394" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">, 51</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 52" captionStartId="F52" captionText="Figure 52. Schematics of terminal genitalia of some dart-sac-bearing camaenids A Cathaica fasciola (Draparnaud, 1801) (stylized pattern from HBUMM 8142 - spec. 1 - 15, 9 fma; Qingyang, Gansu, 35.738 ° N, 107.701 ° E, 1353 m a. s. l.; coll. Sheng, X. - F., 2017 - VII) B &quot; Cathaica &quot; Cathaica pulveratricula (Martens, 1882) (stylized pattern from HBUMM 08208), one proximal accessory sac is present at the left side of dart sac C Laeocathaica spp. with two proximal accessory sacs at both sides of dart sac D L. phaeomphala Moellendorff, 1899, without proximal accessory sac and with elongated vagina above dart sac E L. amdoana Moellendorff, 1899, with two tiny proximal accessory sacs and with elongated vagina above dart sac F L. dolani (Pilsbry, 1934), with a proximal accessory sac at the right side of dart sac. Notes: any fleshy septum inside dart sac chamber is not shown; red dots indicate openings of proximal accessory sac. Abbreviations: AS - accessory sac; DS - dart sac; DSC - dart sac chamber; DtC - a chamber containing love dart; MG - mucous glands; PAS - proximal accessory sac; PR - penial retractor muscle; PS - penial sheath; Va - vagina." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1154.86237.figure52" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/827395" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">, 52D</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Moellendorff" authorityYear="1899" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Laeocathaica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laeocathaica phaeomphala" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="phaeomphala">Laeocathaica phaeomphala</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Möllendorff">Moellendorff</normalizedToken>
, 1899: 96, pl. 6, fig. 3; -
<bibRefCitation author="Wiegmann, F" journalOrPublisher="- Petersburg" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 186" refId="B63" refString="Wiegmann, F, 1900. Binnen-Mollusken aus Westchina und Centralasien. Annuaire du Musee Zoologique de l'Academie Imperiale des St. -Petersburg 5: 1 - 186" title="Binnen-Mollusken aus Westchina und Centralasien. Annuaire du Musee Zoologique de l'Academie Imperiale des St." volume="5" year="1900">Wiegmann 1900</bibRefCitation>
: 111, pl. 3, figs 101-103; -
<bibRefCitation author="Gude, GK" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Malacology" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 11" refId="B16" refString="Gude, GK, 1902. A Classified list of the helicoid land shells of Asia. Journal of Malacology 9: 1 - 11" title="A Classified list of the helicoid land shells of Asia." volume="9" year="1902">Gude 1902</bibRefCitation>
: 6; -
<bibRefCitation author="Yen, TC" journalOrPublisher="Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 234" refId="B80" refString="Yen, TC, 1939. Die chinesischen Land- und suesswasser-Gastropoden des Natur-Museums Senckenberg. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 444: 1 - 234" title="Die chinesischen Land- und suesswasser-Gastropoden des Natur-Museums Senckenberg." volume="444" year="1939">Yen 1939</bibRefCitation>
: 149, pl. 15, fig. 37; -
<bibRefCitation author="Chen, D-N" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" refId="B8" refString="Chen, D-N, Zhang, G-Q, 2004. Fauna Sinica, Invertebrata (Vol. 37). Mollusca, Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Bradybaenidae. Science Press, Beijing" title="Fauna Sinica, Invertebrata (Vol. 37). Mollusca, Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Bradybaenidae." year="2004">Chen and Zhang 2004</bibRefCitation>
: 325, fig. 314; -
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1086.77408" author="Pall-Gergely, B" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" pagination="33 - 76" refId="B46" refString="Pall-Gergely, B, Hunyadi, A, Meng, K, Fekete, J, 2022. A review of the genus Laeocathaica Moellendorff, 1899 (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Camaenidae). ZooKeys 1086: 33 - 76, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1086.77408" title="A review of the genus Laeocathaica Moellendorff, 1899 (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Camaenidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1086.77408" volume="1086" year="2022">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páll-Gergely">Pall-Gergely</normalizedToken>
et al. 2022
</bibRefCitation>
: 67, fig. 18C.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Moellendorff" authorityYear="1899" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Laeocathaica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laeocathaica (Laeocathaica) phaeomphala" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="phaeomphala" subGenus="Laeocathaica">Laeocathaica (Laeocathaica) phaeomphala</taxonomicName>
-
<bibRefCitation author="Zilch, A" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" refId="B85" refString="Zilch, A, 1968. Die Typen und Typoide des Natur-Museums Senckenberg, 41. Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde 98(3/4): 155-212." title="Die Typen und Typoide des Natur-Museums Senckenberg, 41. Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde 98 (3 / 4): 155 - 212." year="1968">Zilch 1968</bibRefCitation>
: 174; -
<bibRefCitation author="Richardson, L" journalOrPublisher="9, Bradybaenidae: Catalog of species" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" refId="B52" refString="Richardson, L, 1983. Miscellaneous Publications of the Department of Malacology of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, No. 9, Bradybaenidae: Catalog of species" title="Miscellaneous Publications of the Department of Malacology of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, No." year="1983">Richardson 1983</bibRefCitation>
: 78.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Museum material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1885-09-08" collectorName="Slg. O. v. Moellendorff., Wen-Xian, Potanin" determinerName="Moellendorff." specimenCount="1" specimenCount-subadult="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
SMF 9089,
<typeStatus>lectotype</typeStatus>
; Wenhsien, S-Gansu; Potanin 51b, 72, 741,
<collectorName>
Slg. O. v.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Möllendorff">Moellendorff</normalizedToken>
.
</collectorName>
SMF 9090,
<typeStatus>paratypes</typeStatus>
, four fms; the same data as lectotype. ZIN RAS No. 4, 1 fma and
<specimenCount type="subadult">1 subadult</specimenCount>
,
<collectorName>Wen-Xian</collectorName>
,
<collectingDate value="1885-09-08">1885-IX-8</collectingDate>
, coll.
<collectorName>Potanin</collectorName>
, det.
<determinerName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Möllendorff">Moellendorff</normalizedToken>
.
</determinerName>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1154.86237.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/827365" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" start="Figure 22" startId="F22">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Figure 22.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Moellendorff" authorityYear="1899" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Laeocathaica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laeocathaica phaeomphala" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="phaeomphala">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Laeocathaica phaeomphala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Möllendorff">Moellendorff</normalizedToken>
, 1899
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">A</emphasis>
SMF 9089,
<typeStatus>lectotype</typeStatus>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">B</emphasis>
SMF 9090,
<typeStatus>paratype</typeStatus>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C</emphasis>
HBUMM05433a-spec.6.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">New material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2006-09-27" collectorName="Wu, M., Liu, J. - M., Zheng, W., Gao, L. - H." county="Gansu Province" latitude="32.95726" location="Yuxushan" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="104.689156" municipality="Wenxian" specimenCount="1">
HBUMM05433, 2 fma, 1 fms, and many juvs, all fma dissected;
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8B5466A0C80456DC9BBB5323E948384B:7260A0ADCA85B64A28DD2CA2BB20B9D6" county="Gansu Province" latitude="32.95726" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="104.689156" municipality="Wenxian" name="Yuxushan">Yuxushan</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Wenxian</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty>Gansu Province</collectingCounty>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="32.957259" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="32.95726">32.957259°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="104.689152" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="104.689156">104.689152°E</geoCoordinate>
, shrubs and slate,
<collectingDate value="2006-09-27">2006-IX-27</collectingDate>
, coll.
<collectorName>Wu, M.</collectorName>
,
<collectorName>Liu, J.-M.</collectorName>
,
<collectorName>Zheng, W.</collectorName>
and
<collectorName>Gao, L.-H.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2006-09-27" collectorName="Wu, M., Liu, J. - M., Zheng, W., Gao, L. - H." county="Gansu Province" location="Jidushan" municipality="Wenxian" specimenCount="1">
HBUMM05477, numerous fma;
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8B5466A0C80456DC9BBB5323E948384B:5A45838616EADEA29580CA64AE7C40A0" county="Gansu Province" municipality="Wenxian" name="Jidushan">Jidushan</location>
nearby
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8B5466A0C80456DC9BBB5323E948384B:804446987EB60F8BB5796E6090824779" county="Gansu Province" municipality="Wenxian" name="Baishuijiang">Baishuijiang</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Wenxian</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty>Gansu Province</collectingCounty>
; limestone and broad-leaved woods;
<collectingDate value="2006-09-27">2006-IX-27</collectingDate>
; coll.
<collectorName>Wu, M.</collectorName>
,
<collectorName>Liu, J.-M.</collectorName>
,
<collectorName>Zheng, W.</collectorName>
and
<collectorName>Gao, L.-H.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2019-10-12" collectorName="Li, Q. - M." county="Gansu Province" latitude="32.94315" location="Wenzhoulu" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="104.692505" municipality="Wenxian" specimenCount="1">
HBUMM08424, slope near
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8B5466A0C80456DC9BBB5323E948384B:42268BD36770B3191FEBCDEDCC671BF2" county="Gansu Province" latitude="32.94315" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="104.692505" municipality="Wenxian" name="Wenzhoulu">Wenzhoulu</location>
[文州路],
<collectingMunicipality>Wenxian</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty>Gansu Province</collectingCounty>
, near
<geoCoordinate degrees="32.943151" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="32.94315">32.943151°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="104.692505" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="104.692505">104.692505°E</geoCoordinate>
, on slope;
<collectingDate value="2019-10-12">2019-X-12</collectingDate>
, coll.
<collectorName>Li, Q.-M.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2020-08" collectorName="Chen, Z. - G." county="Gansu Province" location="Shangdezhen" municipality="Wenxian" specimenCount="9" specimenCount-subadult="9">
DNA voucher HBUMM08424a. CZG202008-w3,
<specimenCount type="subadult">9 subadults</specimenCount>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8B5466A0C80456DC9BBB5323E948384B:94F43824682BB6A54110A46575900275" county="Gansu Province" municipality="Wenxian" name="Shangdezhen">Shangdezhen</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Wenxian</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty>Gansu Province</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingDate bridgedPair="-" value="2020-08">2020-VIII</collectingDate>
, coll.
<collectorName>Chen, Z.-G.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1154.86237.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/827366" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" start="Figure 23" startId="F23">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Figure 23.</emphasis>
Genital anatomy of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Moellendorff" authorityYear="1899" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Laeocathaica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laeocathaica phaeomphala" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="phaeomphala">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Laeocathaica phaeomphala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Möllendorff">Moellendorff</normalizedToken>
, 1899, HBUMM05433a-spec.6
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">A</emphasis>
general view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">B, C</emphasis>
ventral and left views of dart sac apparatus. Abbreviations:
<collectingCountry name="American Samoa">AS</collectingCountry>
- accessory sac; At - atrium; BCD - bursa copulatrix duct; DS - dart sac; DtC - a chamber containing love dart; Ep - epiphallus; MG - mucous glands; P - penis; PR - penial retractor muscle; PS - penial sheath; Va - vagina; VD - vas deferens.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Gansu: Wenxian (type locality).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="additional information of shell">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Additional information of shell.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">The first 11/4 protoconch whorls are almost smooth, and the subsequent 1/4 whorls have dense radially arranged fine threads. Spiral grooves are regularly present throughout body whorl.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="general anatomy">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">General anatomy.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Head with flat but distinct eversible head wart. Jaw arcuate, with 5-7 projecting ribs.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="anatomy of genital organs">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Anatomy of genital organs.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
Penial sheath covering ~ 1/5 of penis. Penis tubular and distally thicker. Inside penis, ~ 7 high parallel pilasters on proximal 1/2, no pilasters fusing into Y-shaped fork. Fine pilasters on distal end of penis merging into 9-12 thin or thick folds. Vas deferens narrow throughout. Vagina between atrium and dart sac extremely elongated, ~ 4
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
longer than dart sac. Vagina between dart sac and insertion of bursa copulatrix duct approximately as long as dart sac. Dart sac ~ 1/6 length of penis. Love dart ~ 1.5 mm long, apically 2-bladed. Accessory sac tiny, internally empty, inserting into dart sac at middle part, opening to dart chamber. Mucous glands eight, each singly tubular or simply branched. Proximal accessory sac absent. Bursa copulatrix duct equally thick.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
This species is one of the three species that do not have proximal accessory sac on dart sac apparatus. However, the shell morphology of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Moellendorff" authorityYear="1899" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Laeocathaica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laeocathaica phaeomphala" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="phaeomphala">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Laeocathaica phaeomphala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs greatly from that of the other two species
<taxonomicName lsidName="L. polytyla" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" rank="species" species="polytyla">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">L. polytyla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName lsidName="L. tropidorhaphe" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" rank="species" species="tropidorhaphe">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">L. tropidorhaphe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>