221 lines
23 KiB
XML
221 lines
23 KiB
XML
<document id="CE2435995F210382EE52B7D8ED05A0AA" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5027.1.4" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5448108" ID-ZooBank="03C6AEB5-3222-463C-951C-E125A73B4AFB" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630464313996" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Jordal, Bjarte H." docDate="2021" docId="67187335FFE6FFA2FF3DFCCDFE6C22B2" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5027.1.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5027 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Lanurgus xylographus Schedl 1962" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="92" masterDocId="9B210B4DFFE3FFA7FFAAFF8EFFC92469" masterDocTitle="The mainly South African genus Lanurgus revised (Coleoptera, Scolytinae)" masterLastPageNumber="106" masterPageNumber="87" pageNumber="92" updateTime="1699280370949" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="081E6832999BE78A19938C18262043D0">
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<mods:title id="01E9CFF727DCC3AA620E15A82C5F8E93">The mainly South African genus Lanurgus revised (Coleoptera, Scolytinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="4A777ABD00414BB9C76E70FEBFFBFF22" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="3543BC1F49B4316E8A6943415ECCE0AD">Jordal, Bjarte H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="FFB63FEE79D8BF30E2CF1CE93846BCE7">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="950303930AE0C9C76D109FC32E73E720">
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<mods:date id="6BB4B067FE865A2FB090FA90AE5E7692">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="BD813951E7BB78B2F3854CB24DEAE33A">2021-08-30</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="E92CFDBBD840961AB2C057F396207C87" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="86A4878091BDFBA7758DD2471DC33D40">5027</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="D112811010F1784A7713732F0FAAA1FC">87</mods:start>
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<mods:identifier id="4453C9E2019F7D1A6D88C9CD2BFD8C25" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5027.1.4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="4738C0A2C2795A4F39B58B306771FA3C" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="67187335FFE6FFA2FF3DFCCDFE6C22B2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:67187335FFE6FFA2FF3DFCCDFE6C22B2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/67187335FFE6FFA2FF3DFCCDFE6C22B2" lastPageNumber="92" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">
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<subSubSection id="A7AB91A8FFE6FFA2FF3DFCCDFD992735" box="[151,592,834,861]" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="EF0EC223FFE6FFA2FF3DFCCDFD992735" blockId="5.[151,592,834,898]" box="[151,592,834,861]" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">
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<heading id="B446754FFFE6FFA2FF3DFCCDFD992735" bold="true" box="[151,592,834,861]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="28B1B9A0FFE6FFA2FF3DFCCDFD992735" ID-CoL="3S7YQ" authority="Schedl, 1962" authorityName="Schedl" authorityYear="1962" box="[151,592,834,861]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Lanurgus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xylographus">
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<emphasis id="DDC51E31FFE6FFA2FF3DFCCDFD992735" bold="true" box="[151,592,834,861]" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">
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<emphasis id="DDC51E31FFE6FFA2FF3DFCCDFE652734" bold="true" box="[151,428,834,861]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">Lanurgus xylographus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="8B20BFD2FFE6FFA2FE19FCCCFD992735" author="Schedl, K. E." box="[435,592,834,860]" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" pagination="1 - 594" refId="ref11241" refString="Schedl, K. E. (1962) Scolytidae und Platypodidae Afrikas. Band II. Familie Scolytidae (Fortsetzung). Unterfamilie Ipinae (Fortsetzung). Revista de Entomologia de Mocambique, 5, 1 - 594." type="journal article" year="1962">Schedl, 1962</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A7AB91A8FFE6FFA2FF3DFCE9FE7B27EB" box="[151,434,871,898]" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" type="description">
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<paragraph id="EF0EC223FFE6FFA2FF3DFCE9FE7B27EB" blockId="5.[151,592,834,898]" box="[151,434,871,898]" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">
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(
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<figureCitation id="778ADEA6FFE6FFA2FF35FCE9FE9E27E8" box="[159,343,871,897]" captionStart="FIGURES 2–12" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1965,1989]" captionTargetBox="[181,1423,389,1940]" captionTargetId="figure-100@6.[163,1424,345,1942]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 2–12. Dorsal, lateral and frontal view of Lanurgus oleae female lectotype (2, 5, 8), Lanurgus podocarpi female (3, 6, 9) and male (10), Lanurgus xylographus male (4, 7, 12) and female (11)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5448110" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5448110/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">Figs 4, 7, 11, 12</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="778ADEA6FFE6FFA2FEC9FCE9FE6327EB" box="[355,426,871,898]" captionStart="FIGURES 66–71" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1781,1805]" captionTargetBox="[155,1433,916,1758]" captionTargetId="figure-271@18.[155,1433,916,1758]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 66–71. Proventriculus and male aedeagus of Lanurgus xylographus (66, 67), Lanurgus podocarpi (68, 69), Lanurgus longipilis (70, 71)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5448124" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5448124/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">66, 67</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A7AB91A8FFE6FFA2FF3DFC22FD2F27AA" box="[151,742,939,963]" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="EF0EC223FFE6FFA2FF3DFC22FD2F27AA" blockId="5.[151,742,939,963]" box="[151,742,939,963]" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">
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<taxonomicName id="28B1B9A0FFE6FFA2FF3DFC22FDC927AA" ID-CoL="6NWQC" authority="Schedl, 1970" authorityName="Schedl" authorityYear="1970" box="[151,512,939,963]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Lanurgus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oleaeformis">
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<emphasis id="DDC51E31FFE6FFA2FF3DFC22FEBF27AA" box="[151,374,939,963]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">Lanurgus oleaeformis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="8B20BFD2FFE6FFA2FED6FC25FDC927AA" author="Schedl, K. E." box="[380,512,939,963]" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" pagination="177 - 182" refId="ref11313" refString="Schedl, K. E. (1970) South African bark and timber beetles. Annals of the Transvaal Museum, 26, 177 - 182." type="journal article" year="1970">Schedl, 1970</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(syn. by
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<bibRefCitation id="8B20BFD2FFE6FFA2FDF4FC22FD1627AA" author="Beaver, R. A." box="[606,735,939,963]" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" pagination="277 - 289" refId="ref10798" refString="Beaver, R. A. (2011) New synonymy and taxonomic changes in bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae, Platypodinae). Koleopterologische Rundschau, 81, 277 - 289." type="journal article" year="2011">Beaver 2011</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A7AB91A8FFE6FFA2FF3DFC7FFB002059" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="EF0EC223FFE6FFA2FF3DFC7FFB002059" blockId="5.[151,1437,1009,1755]" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">
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<emphasis id="DDC51E31FFE6FFA2FF3DFC7FFE8F2062" bold="true" box="[151,326,1009,1035]" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">Type material.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="5FD9C87EFFE6FFA2FEE7FC7FFB072065" box="[333,1230,1009,1036]" collectionCode="PPRI" country="South Africa" location="Alexandria" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="300A7C81FFE6FFA2FEE7FC7FFE712062" box="[333,440,1009,1035]" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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, female:
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<collectingCountry id="97A682B3FFE6FFA2FD8AFC7FFD782062" box="[544,689,1009,1035]" name="South Africa" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="2D750CC1FFE6FFA2FD17FC7FFCF52065" box="[701,828,1009,1036]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">Cape Prov.</collectingRegion>
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,
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<location id="EA6E94F8FFE6FFA2FCECFC7FFC0B2062" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:67187335FFE6FFA2FF3DFCCDFE6C22B2:EA6E94F8FFE6FFA2FCECFC7FFC0B2062" box="[838,962,1009,1035]" country="South Africa" name="Alexandria" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" stateProvince="Western Cape">Alexandria</location>
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[
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<collectionCode id="89A05AE6FFE6FFA2FC7AFC7FFBD82065" box="[976,1041,1009,1036]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6j3y-rabv" name="ARC-Plant Protection Research Institute, National Collection of Fungi: Culture Collection" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">PPRI</collectionCode>
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] (not examined)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="5FD9C87EFFE6FFA2FB73FC7FFB0F2059" collectingDate="1958-02-17" collectionCode="NHMW" collectorName="Grootvadersbos, J. H & Ac. X." country="South Africa" location="South Africa" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="300A7C81FFE6FFA2FB73FC7FFA8D2062" box="[1241,1348,1009,1035]" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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, female of
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<taxonomicName id="28B1B9A0FFE6FFA2FF1CFB98FE9A2046" box="[182,339,1045,1071]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Lanurgus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olaeiformis">
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<emphasis id="DDC51E31FFE6FFA2FF1CFB98FE9A2046" box="[182,339,1045,1071]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">L. olaeiformis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<collectingCountry id="97A682B3FFE6FFA2FECBFB9BFE3B2046" box="[353,498,1045,1071]" name="South Africa" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectorName id="4244A7F5FFE6FFA2FE54FB9BFD2F2059" box="[510,742,1045,1072]" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">Grootvadersbos, J.H</collectorName>
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. Grobler,
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<date id="9B0FE4E3FFE6FFA2FCFFFB9BFC012059" box="[853,968,1045,1072]" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" value="1958-02-17">
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<collectingDate id="8B4B1D0BFFE6FFA2FCFFFB9BFC012059" box="[853,968,1045,1072]" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" value="1958-02-17">17.2.1958</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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<collectorName id="4244A7F5FFE6FFA2FC78FB98FBD52059" box="[978,1052,1046,1072]" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">Ac. X.</collectorName>
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862 [
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<collectionCode id="89A05AE6FFE6FFA2FBF0FB9BFB762059" box="[1114,1215,1045,1072]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/91g3-0mnw" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" type="Museum">NHMW</collectionCode>
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]
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A7AB91A8FFE6FFA2FF6DFBB7FD982161" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="EF0EC223FFE6FFA2FF6DFBB7FD982161" blockId="5.[151,1437,1009,1755]" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">
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<emphasis id="DDC51E31FFE6FFA2FF6DFBB7FE56203A" bold="true" box="[199,415,1081,1107]" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">Diagnosis, female.</emphasis>
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Length
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<quantity id="28496FC6FFE6FFA2FE57FBB7FD4F203D" box="[509,646,1081,1108]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.85" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" unit="mm" value="2.85" valueMax="3.2" valueMin="2.5">2.5–3.2 mm</quantity>
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, 2.0–2.2 × as long as wide, colour black; scapus triangularly extended dorsally with a long tuft of golden setae; frons concave, densely covered by fine setae which increase in length towards margins; eyes separated above by 3.4–3.6 × their width; scutellum shiny, with few hair-like setae; interstriae 1–3 and 9 with two irregular rows of erect setae; protibiae with 4 or 5 apical denticles.
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<emphasis id="DDC51E31FFE6FFA2FBFAFB2BFB4420D6" bold="true" box="[1104,1165,1189,1215]" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">Male</emphasis>
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similar to female except frons narrowly impressed just above epistoma, more deeply so near lateral margins forming two shallow cavities with short setae; fewer setae on scapus.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A7AB91A8FFE6FFA2FF6DFA9FFC35226D" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="EF0EC223FFE6FFA2FF6DFA9FFDC92142" blockId="5.[151,1437,1009,1755]" box="[199,512,1297,1323]" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">
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<emphasis id="DDC51E31FFE6FFA2FF6DFA9FFEAA2142" bold="true" box="[199,355,1297,1323]" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">Distribution:</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="97A682B3FFE6FFA2FEC0FA9FFE352142" box="[362,508,1297,1323]" name="South Africa" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="EF0EC223FFE6FFA2FF6DFABBFC35226D" blockId="5.[151,1437,1009,1755]" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">
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<emphasis id="DDC51E31FFE6FFA2FF6DFABBFEAE2126" bold="true" box="[199,359,1333,1359]" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">New records.</emphasis>
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||
<collectingCountry id="97A682B3FFE6FFA2FEDBFABBFDCC2126" box="[369,517,1333,1359]" name="South Africa" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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||
,
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||
<collectingRegion id="2D750CC1FFE6FFA2FDB9FAB8FD7F2126" box="[531,694,1333,1360]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">Western Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<quantity id="28496FC6FFE6FFA2FD69FABBFD362126" box="[707,767,1333,1359]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" unit="km" value="8.0">8 km</quantity>
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||
N Hoekwil, Woodville [GIS:
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||
<geoCoordinate id="8A85A4E4FFE6FFA2FBF4FABBFB7E2126" box="[1118,1207,1333,1359]" degrees="33.933" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" precision="55" value="-33.933">-33.933</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="8A85A4E4FFE6FFA2FB6CFABBFAD02139" box="[1222,1305,1333,1360]" degrees="22.639" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" precision="55" value="22.639">22.639</geoCoordinate>
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], B. Jordal, leg.,
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||
<date id="9B0FE4E3FFE6FFA2FF7AFAD7FEF3211A" box="[208,314,1369,1395]" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" value="2006-11-01">1.xi.2006</date>
|
||
#2, ex
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28B1B9A0FFE6FFA2FE3BFAD7FDF9211A" box="[401,560,1369,1395]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleaceae" genus="Olea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="capensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDC51E31FFE6FFA2FE3BFAD7FDF9211A" box="[401,560,1369,1395]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">Olea capensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; Knysna, Diepwalle [GIS:
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||
<geoCoordinate id="8A85A4E4FFE6FFA2FCC3FAD7FC08211D" box="[873,961,1369,1396]" degrees="33.957" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" precision="55" value="-33.957">-33.957</geoCoordinate>
|
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,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="8A85A4E4FFE6FFA2FC65FAD7FBEB211D" box="[975,1058,1369,1396]" degrees="23.152" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" precision="55" value="23.152">23.152</geoCoordinate>
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], B. Jordal, leg.,
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||
<date id="9B0FE4E3FFE6FFA2FB4EFAD7FA87211A" box="[1252,1358,1369,1395]" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" value="2006-11-03">3.xi.2006</date>
|
||
#1, ex
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||
<emphasis id="DDC51E31FFE6FFA2FF3DFAF3FE8921FE" box="[151,320,1405,1431]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28B1B9A0FFE6FFA2FF3DFAF3FEF021FE" box="[151,313,1405,1431]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleaceae" genus="Olea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="capensis">Olea capensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
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||
</emphasis>
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||
Knysna, Goudveld, Krisjan-se-Nek [GIS:
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="8A85A4E4FFE6FFA2FC82FAF3FC4921FE" box="[808,896,1405,1431]" degrees="33.913" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" precision="55" value="-33.913">-33.913</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="8A85A4E4FFE6FFA2FC24FAF3FC2921F1" box="[910,992,1405,1432]" degrees="22.948" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" precision="55" value="22.948">22.948</geoCoordinate>
|
||
], B. Jordal, leg.,
|
||
<date id="9B0FE4E3FFE6FFA2FB0EFAF3FAC421F1" box="[1188,1293,1405,1432]" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" value="2006-11-05">5.xi.2006</date>
|
||
#5, ex
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28B1B9A0FFE6FFA2FACCFAF3FF3E21D2" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleaceae" genus="Olea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="capensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDC51E31FFE6FFA2FACCFAF3FF3E21D2" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">Olea capensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2D750CC1FFE6FFA2FF51FA2CFE5E21D2" box="[251,407,1441,1468]" country="South Africa" name="Eastern Cape" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">Eastern Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
: Hogsback [GIS:
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="8A85A4E4FFE6FFA2FDF1FA2FFD7A21D5" box="[603,691,1441,1468]" degrees="32.587" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" precision="55" value="-32.587">-32.587</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="8A85A4E4FFE6FFA2FD14FA2FFCD821D5" box="[702,785,1441,1468]" degrees="26.936" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" precision="55" value="26.936">26.936</geoCoordinate>
|
||
], B. Jordal, leg.,
|
||
<date id="9B0FE4E3FFE6FFA2FC63FA2FFB8821D2" box="[969,1089,1441,1467]" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" value="2006-11-16">16.xi.2006</date>
|
||
#3, ex
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28B1B9A0FFE6FFA2FB3BFA2FFAE421D2" box="[1169,1325,1441,1467]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleaceae" genus="Olea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="capensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDC51E31FFE6FFA2FB3BFA2FFAE421D2" box="[1169,1325,1441,1467]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">Olea capensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; Kologha Forest, W. Stutterheim [GIS:
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="8A85A4E4FFE6FFA2FE71FA4BFDFD2189" box="[475,564,1477,1504]" degrees="32.535" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" precision="55" value="-32.535">-32.535</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="8A85A4E4FFE6FFA2FD95FA4BFD582189" box="[575,657,1477,1504]" degrees="27.371" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" precision="55" value="27.371">27.371</geoCoordinate>
|
||
], B. Jordal, leg.,
|
||
<date id="9B0FE4E3FFE6FFA2FCE3FA4BFC0821B6" box="[841,961,1477,1503]" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" value="2006-11-18">18.xi.2006</date>
|
||
#5, ex
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28B1B9A0FFE6FFA2FBBAFA4BFB6421B6" box="[1040,1197,1477,1503]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleaceae" genus="Olea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="capensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDC51E31FFE6FFA2FBBAFA4BFB6421B6" box="[1040,1197,1477,1503]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">Olea capensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; Tsitsikamma, Goesa walk [GIS:
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="8A85A4E4FFE6FFA2FEB0FA67FEBB226A" box="[282,370,1513,1539]" degrees="33.983" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" precision="55" value="-33.983">-33.983</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="8A85A4E4FFE6FFA2FED4FA67FE18226D" box="[382,465,1513,1540]" degrees="23.887" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" precision="55" value="23.887">23.887</geoCoordinate>
|
||
], B. Jordal, leg.,
|
||
<date id="9B0FE4E3FFE6FFA2FD27FA67FCCC226A" box="[653,773,1513,1539]" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" value="2006-11-12">12.xi.2006</date>
|
||
#3, ex
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28B1B9A0FFE6FFA2FCFDFA67FC3D226A" box="[855,1012,1513,1539]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleaceae" genus="Olea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="capensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDC51E31FFE6FFA2FCFDFA67FC3D226A" box="[855,1012,1513,1539]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">Olea capensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A7AB91A8FFE6FFA2FF6DF983FE6C22B2" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="EF0EC223FFE6FFA2FF6DF983FE6C22B2" blockId="5.[151,1437,1009,1755]" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDC51E31FFE6FFA2FF6DF983FEEE224E" bold="true" box="[199,295,1549,1575]" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
Breeds under very thick bark of black ironwood,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28B1B9A0FFE6FFA2FCF2F983FBB22241" box="[856,1147,1549,1576]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleaceae" genus="Olea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="capensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDC51E31FFE6FFA2FCF2F983FC3F224E" box="[856,1014,1549,1575]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">Olea capensis</emphasis>
|
||
(Oleaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Recently fallen trees and branches with diameters between
|
||
<quantity id="28496FC6FFE6FFA2FDBFF9BFFDBF2225" box="[533,630,1585,1612]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="0.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" unit="cm" value="21.0" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="2.0">2–40 cm</quantity>
|
||
were colonized. Tunnels are initiated by a male and thereafter the male is joined by one or
|
||
<specimenCount id="F9B709AAFFE6FFA2FEDFF9D8FE372206" box="[373,510,1621,1648]" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" type="female">two females</specimenCount>
|
||
in a flexible bigamous mating system. Females cut longitudinal tunnels, lay their eggs in deep pits, and the hatched larvae cut their feeding tunnels across the grain of the phloem. Broods ranged from 20–40 (n=25) in a branch
|
||
<quantity id="28496FC6FFE6FFA2FDABF913FDF022D1" box="[513,569,1693,1720]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" unit="cm" value="8.0">8 cm</quantity>
|
||
thick, and 25–50 (n=13) in a trunk
|
||
<quantity id="28496FC6FFE6FFA2FC79F913FBD022D1" box="[979,1049,1693,1720]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" unit="cm" value="40.0">40 cm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter. Males stayed at least until pupation of larvae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |