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<document id="61467BF9C13DEE468AAAD56EB7518158" ID-CLB-Dataset="24721" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2019.582" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6c09e75c-a60b-44e7-8492-0cc892b84d23" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3564360" ID-ZooBank="6DF295A1-1E15-454A-B122-AE4AB4553D17" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1575551472604" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Reshchikov, Alexey, Santos, Bernardo F., Liu, Jing-Xian &amp; Barthélémy, Christophe" docDate="2019" docId="324187BE3B214C40FDA2FDAC9EACCE93" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-582_reshchikov_santos_liu.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 582" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Palpostilpnus Aubert 1961" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="10" masterDocId="CE78FFC63B294C49FFD4FFF79F43CD10" masterDocTitle="Review of Palpostilpnus Aubert (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Phygadeuontinae), with the description of ten new species" masterLastPageNumber="63" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="9" updateTime="1698772776935" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="A84022D0471E1D4A2A35679742A7598C">Review of Palpostilpnus Aubert (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Phygadeuontinae), with the description of ten new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="03B908C039CF7C9CCE4C41CC1A577EA6">Reshchikov, Alexey</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3C5CC10E14F40020FA24204D7336CF92">Santos, Bernardo F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FC6EDB319754999F2A56EF5D00F4F5F5">Liu, Jing-Xian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="646F34F9D1E93852415C6A7388BB0DB8">Barthélémy, Christophe</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="D47591DA41D30D854C8896A86FC351CE">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="B9B58F58C3862E8575D9936DFD95397C">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="6A854345273BCA354E045E2E56D351F3">2019-12-03</mods:number>
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<subSubSection id="F2F265233B214C41FDA2FDAC9CFECF65" box="[630,957,603,630]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="BA5736A83B214C41FDA2FDAC9CFECF65" blockId="8.[630,957,603,630]" box="[630,957,603,630]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<heading id="E11F81C43B214C41FDA2FDAC9CFECF65" box="[630,957,603,630]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="7DE84D2B3B214C41FDA2FDAC9CFECF65" ID-CoL="6CWV" ID-ENA="172448" authority="Aubert, 1961" authorityName="Aubert" authorityYear="1961" box="[630,957,603,630]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Palpostilpnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="889CEABA3B214C41FDA2FDAC9C58CF66" bold="true" box="[630,795,603,630]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Palpostilpnus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="DE794B593B214C41FCF6FDAC9CFECF65" author="Aubert J. F." box="[802,957,603,629]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="56 - 61" refId="ref24946" refString="Aubert J. F. 1961. Ichneumonides cryptines d'un genre nouveau comprenant quatre especes nouvelles (I). Bulletin de la Societe entomologique de Mulhouse 1961: 56 - 61." type="journal article" year="1961">Aubert, 1961</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph id="BA5736A83B214C41FF69FD6A9D78CFCA" blockId="8.[189,1399,668,730]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicName id="7DE84D2B3B214C41FF69FD6A9D16CFA7" ID-CoL="6CWV" authority="Aubert, 1961: 56 - 58" authorityName="Aubert" authorityPageNumber="56" authorityYear="1961" box="[189,597,668,695]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Palpostilpnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="889CEABA3B214C41FF69FD6A9E1DCFA7" box="[189,350,669,695]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Palpostilpnus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="DE794B593B214C41FEB0FD6A9D16CFA7" author="Aubert J. F." box="[356,597,668,695]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="56 - 61" refId="ref24946" refString="Aubert J. F. 1961. Ichneumonides cryptines d'un genre nouveau comprenant quatre especes nouvelles (I). Bulletin de la Societe entomologique de Mulhouse 1961: 56 - 61." type="journal article" year="1961">Aubert, 1961: 56–58</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="6553880A3B214C41FDB0FD6A9DDBCFA7" box="[612,664,669,695]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="7DE84D2B3B214C41FCD5FD6A9A31CFA7" ID-CoL="6CW4" authority="Aubert, 1961" authorityName="Aubert" authorityYear="1961" box="[769,1394,669,695]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Townostilpnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palpator" subGenus="Palpostilpnus">
<emphasis id="889CEABA3B214C41FCD5FD6A9CEACFA7" box="[769,937,669,695]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Townostilpnus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="889CEABA3B214C41FC6EFD6A9B18CFA7" box="[954,1115,669,695]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Palpostilpnus</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="889CEABA3B214C41FBBFFD6A9B93CFA7" box="[1131,1232,669,695]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">palpator</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="DE794B593B214C41FB01FD6A9A31CFA7" author="Aubert J. F." box="[1237,1394,669,695]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="56 - 61" refId="ref24946" refString="Aubert J. F. 1961. Ichneumonides cryptines d'un genre nouveau comprenant quatre especes nouvelles (I). Bulletin de la Societe entomologique de Mulhouse 1961: 56 - 61." type="journal article" year="1961">Aubert, 1961</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; designated in
<bibRefCitation id="DE794B593B214C41FE59FD379D6DCFCA" author="Townes H. K." box="[397,558,704,730]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 537" refId="ref26335" refString="Townes H. K. 1970. The genera of Ichneumonidae, Part 2. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 12: 1 - 537." type="journal article" year="1970">Townes 1970</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F2F265233B214C41FF69FCF69B7CC997" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="BA5736A83B214C41FF69FCF69EF4CE0B" blockId="8.[189,439,769,795]" box="[189,439,769,795]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<heading id="E11F81C43B214C41FF69FCF69EF4CE0B" bold="true" box="[189,439,769,795]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="3">
<emphasis id="889CEABA3B214C41FF69FCF69EF4CE0B" bold="true" box="[189,439,769,795]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Expanded diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BA5736A83B214C41FF69FCC79B7CC997" blockId="8.[189,1399,816,1159]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Head short and depressed; gena narrow, in frontal view not bulging behind eyes. Mandible small, subbasally swollen, with basal, transverse groove. Malar sulcus indistinct. Maxillary palp reaching base of hind coxa or almost so. Antenna slightly shorter to distinctly longer than body, strongly enlarged and somewhat flattened at midlength, ventral face distinctly flattened, lighter in colour. Occipital carina reaching base of mandible. Mesosoma stout, short to moderately long, but always somewhat obliquely sloped. Sternaulus shallow, complete or distinct only on anterior 0.5. Episternal scrobe deep or shallow. Hind tibia gradually and distinctly enlarged towards apex. Hind tarsal claws very small. Areola fused with petiolar area; median longitudinal carinae, when present, parallel. Forewing crossvein 2m-cu inclivous, with one bulla. T1 1.5–2.5 times as long as apically broad, without median dorsal carina. Ovipositor very slender, needle-like, as long as 0.20–3.50 of hind basitarsus.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F2F265233B214C40FF69FB599D29CF07" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="BA5736A83B214C41FF69FB599E6CC9D8" blockId="8.[189,303,1198,1224]" box="[189,303,1198,1224]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<heading id="E11F81C43B214C41FF69FB599E6CC9D8" bold="true" box="[189,303,1198,1224]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="3">
<emphasis id="889CEABA3B214C41FF69FB599E6CC9D8" bold="true" box="[189,303,1198,1224]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BA5736A83B214C41FF69FB2A9A44C8FE" blockId="8.[189,1399,1245,1518]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
The most readily recognizable diagnostic feature of
<taxonomicName id="7DE84D2B3B214C41FC96FB2A9CA0C9E7" authorityName="Aubert" authorityYear="1961" box="[834,995,1245,1271]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Palpostilpnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="889CEABA3B214C41FC96FB2A9CA0C9E7" box="[834,995,1245,1271]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Palpostilpnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the very long maxillary palp, reaching the base of the hind coxa. Although very characteristic, this trait is not unique of
<taxonomicName id="7DE84D2B3B214C41FB19FAF79A2DC80A" authorityName="Aubert" authorityYear="1961" box="[1229,1390,1280,1306]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Palpostilpnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="889CEABA3B214C41FB19FAF79A2DC80A" box="[1229,1390,1280,1306]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Palpostilpnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: most of the genera placed in Townes’ subtribe
<taxonomicName id="7DE84D2B3B214C41FD1AFAD49C11C82D" authorityName="Townes" authorityYear="1970" box="[718,850,1315,1341]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Chiroticina">Chiroticina</taxonomicName>
show somewhat elongated palpi.
<taxonomicName id="7DE84D2B3B214C41FB01FAD49A35C82D" authorityName="Aubert" authorityYear="1961" box="[1237,1398,1315,1341]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Palpostilpnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="889CEABA3B214C41FB01FAD49A35C82D" box="[1237,1398,1315,1341]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Palpostilpnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be readily differentiated from these taxa by having the mandible small and slender, with a basal transverse groove, and a very slender, needle-like ovipositor. Since
<taxonomicName id="7DE84D2B3B214C41FC07FA9D9A4DC894" authority="(Aubert, 1961)" authorityName="Reshchikov &amp; Santos &amp; Liu &amp; Barthélémy" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Aubert" baseAuthorityYear="1961" box="[979,1294,1385,1412]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Palpostilpnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufinator" status="stat. nov.">
<emphasis id="889CEABA3B214C41FC07FA9D9B1BC894" box="[979,1112,1386,1412]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. rufinator</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="DE794B593B214C41FBB3FA9E9A46C894" author="Aubert J. F." box="[1127,1285,1385,1412]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="56 - 61" refId="ref24946" refString="Aubert J. F. 1961. Ichneumonides cryptines d'un genre nouveau comprenant quatre especes nouvelles (I). Bulletin de la Societe entomologique de Mulhouse 1961: 56 - 61." type="journal article" year="1961">Aubert, 1961</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="93AF57C13B214C41FAC0FA9D9A34C894" box="[1300,1399,1386,1412]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">stat. rev.</taxonomicNameLabel>
also shows all these character states, and bears much more morphological and biogeographical affinities with the remaining species of
<taxonomicName id="7DE84D2B3B214C41FDCFFA479DFFC8DA" authorityName="Aubert" authorityYear="1961" box="[539,700,1456,1482]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Palpostilpnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="889CEABA3B214C41FDCFFA479DFFC8DA" box="[539,700,1456,1482]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Palpostilpnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
than with
<taxonomicName id="7DE84D2B3B214C41FCECFA479A56C8DA" authority="Aubert, 1961" authorityName="Aubert" authorityYear="1961" box="[824,1301,1456,1482]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Townostilpnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chagrinator">
<emphasis id="889CEABA3B214C41FCECFA479B30C8DA" box="[824,1139,1456,1482]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Townostilpnus chagrinator</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="DE794B593B214C41FBAEFA479A56C8DA" author="Aubert J. F." box="[1146,1301,1456,1482]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="56 - 61" refId="ref24946" refString="Aubert J. F. 1961. Ichneumonides cryptines d'un genre nouveau comprenant quatre especes nouvelles (I). Bulletin de la Societe entomologique de Mulhouse 1961: 56 - 61." type="journal article" year="1961">Aubert, 1961</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="DE794B593B214C41FAF7FA479FB9C8FD" author="Aubert J. F." pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="56 - 61" refId="ref24946" refString="Aubert J. F. 1961. Ichneumonides cryptines d'un genre nouveau comprenant quatre especes nouvelles (I). Bulletin de la Societe entomologique de Mulhouse 1961: 56 - 61." type="journal article" year="1961">
Aubert
<date id="CE5610683B214C41FF69FA249FB9C8FD" box="[189,250,1491,1517]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="1961">1961</date>
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="DE794B593B214C41FED2FA249E07C8FD" author="Aubert J. F." box="[262,324,1491,1517]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 6" refId="ref24979" refString="Aubert J. F. 1980. Notes sur diverse ichneumonides mal connues ou inedites (1). Bulletin de la Societe entomologique de Mulhouse 1980: 1 - 6." type="journal article" year="1980">
<date id="CE5610683B214C41FED2FA249E07C8FD" box="[262,324,1491,1517]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="1980">1980</date>
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="DE794B593B214C41FE84FA249DB7C8FD" author="Di Giovanni F. &amp; Scaramozzino P. L." box="[336,756,1491,1517]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="101 - 111" refId="ref25217" refString="Di Giovanni F. &amp; Scaramozzino P. L. 2019. Hymenoptera Ichneumonidae of the Montecristo Island (Tuscan Archipelago), with some new records for the Italian fauna. Naturalista siciliano, Series IV 153 (1): 101 - 111." type="journal article" year="2019">
Di Giovanni &amp; Scaramozzino
<date id="CE5610683B214C41FD61FA249DB7C8FD" box="[693,756,1491,1517]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="2019">2019</date>
</bibRefCitation>
), we hereby transfer it back to
<taxonomicName id="7DE84D2B3B214C41FB8AFA249BBCC8FD" authorityName="Aubert" authorityYear="1961" box="[1118,1279,1491,1517]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Palpostilpnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="889CEABA3B214C41FB8AFA249BBCC8FD" box="[1118,1279,1491,1517]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Palpostilpnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BA5736A83B214C40FF69F9E39B73CC59" blockId="8.[189,1399,1556,2005]" lastBlockId="9.[189,1399,267,329]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
The characteristic body shape is another diagnostic feature of
<taxonomicName id="7DE84D2B3B214C41FC1DF9E39B29CB3E" authorityName="Aubert" authorityYear="1961" box="[969,1130,1556,1582]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Palpostilpnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="889CEABA3B214C41FC1DF9E39B29CB3E" box="[969,1130,1556,1582]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Palpostilpnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with the head being short and depressed, and the mesosoma stout and obliquely sloped. The PCA derived from geometric morphometric data (
<figureCitation id="22D32A2D3B214C41FE72F9AC9EBDCB65" box="[422,510,1627,1653]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[189,232,1779,1805]" captionTargetBox="[190,1398,265,1742]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[189,1398,265,1753]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 4. Morphometrics. A. Landmarks used for the geometric morphometric analyses, following Santos et al. 2019. B. Two principal components (PC1 and PC2) of the shape space for the mesosoma, plotted over a Procrustes-aligned tangent space. Gray dots represent the general ichneumonid morphospace as represented by 347 species from eleven subfamilies. Orange dots and polygon delimit the morphospace occupied by species of the palpator group, and blue dots and polygon represent species of the hainanensis group. Objects at each extremity of the X-axis are deformation grids representing the mean shapes at the extreme of the first principal component." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3564368" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3564368/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
) clearly shows that the shape of the mesosoma in species of this genus is fairly distinct from all other analyzed species. The results also support the division of the species recognized as
<taxonomicName id="7DE84D2B3B214C41FF34F9569EC2CBAB" authorityName="Aubert" authorityYear="1961" box="[224,385,1697,1723]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Palpostilpnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="889CEABA3B214C41FF34F9569EC2CBAB" box="[224,385,1697,1723]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Palpostilpnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
into two reasonably clear species groups. Both show the distinctive features of the genus such as the long palp, the needle-like ovipositor and the obliquely sloped mesosoma. However, one group shows a somewhat elongated (more than 1.4 times as long as its height) and strongly slanted mesosoma (e.g.,
<taxonomicName id="7DE84D2B3B214C41FE57F8FB9E9CCA35" authority="Reshchikov &amp; Santos &amp; Liu &amp; Barthélémy, 2019" authorityName="Reshchikov &amp; Santos &amp; Liu &amp; Barthélémy" authorityYear="2019" box="[387,479,1804,1829]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Palpostilpnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ranui" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="889CEABA3B214C41FE57F8FB9E9CCA35" box="[387,479,1804,1829]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. ranui</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="93AF57C13B214C41FE32F8FC9D07CA35" box="[486,580,1803,1829]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
), while in the other group the mesosoma is very short, stout (1.25–1.4 times as long as its height) and only slightly obliquely slanted (e.g.,
<taxonomicName id="7DE84D2B3B214C41FC0AF8D89BDECA58" authority="Reshchikov &amp; Santos &amp; Liu &amp; Barthélémy, 2019" authorityName="Reshchikov &amp; Santos &amp; Liu &amp; Barthélémy" authorityYear="2019" box="[990,1181,1839,1864]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Palpostilpnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="singaporensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="889CEABA3B214C41FC0AF8D89BDECA58" box="[990,1181,1839,1864]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. singaporensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="93AF57C13B214C41FB71F8D89A40CA59" box="[1189,1283,1839,1865]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
). While it is unclear whether these two groups represent reciprocally monophyletic units, we suggest that they are informally designated as two species groups: (1) the
<taxonomicName id="7DE84D2B3B214C41FCE0F8839CDACA9E" authorityName="Aubert" authorityYear="1961" box="[820,921,1908,1934]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Townostilpnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palpator">
<emphasis id="889CEABA3B214C41FCE0F8839CDACA9E" box="[820,921,1908,1934]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">palpator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group for the “stout” species, including
<taxonomicName id="7DE84D2B3B214C41FF69F86F9E6FCAA2" authority="Reshchikov &amp; Santos &amp; Liu &amp; Barthélémy, 2019" authorityName="Reshchikov &amp; Santos &amp; Liu &amp; Barthélémy" authorityYear="2019" box="[189,300,1944,1970]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Palpostilpnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angkor" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="889CEABA3B214C41FF69F86F9E6FCAA2" box="[189,300,1944,1970]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. angkor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="93AF57C13B214C41FEE6F86F9ECDCAA2" box="[306,398,1944,1970]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="7DE84D2B3B214C41FE4DF86F9EBFCAA2" authorityName="Sheng &amp; Broad" authorityYear="2011" box="[409,508,1944,1970]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Palpostilpnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevis">
<emphasis id="889CEABA3B214C41FE4DF86F9EBFCAA2" box="[409,508,1944,1970]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. brevis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="7DE84D2B3B214C41FDDDF86F9DDDCAA2" authorityName="Sheng &amp; Sun in Sheng, Sun, Ding &amp; Luo" authorityYear="2013" box="[521,670,1944,1970]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Palpostilpnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatus">
<emphasis id="889CEABA3B214C41FDDDF86F9DDDCAA2" box="[521,670,1944,1970]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. maculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="7DE84D2B3B214C41FD78F86F9CA0CAA2" authority="(Aubert, 1961)" baseAuthorityName="Aubert" baseAuthorityYear="1961" box="[684,995,1943,1970]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Townostilpnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palpator">
<emphasis id="889CEABA3B214C41FD78F86F9C6FCAA2" box="[684,812,1944,1970]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. palpator</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="DE794B593B214C41FCEFF86F9C99CAA2" author="Aubert J. F." box="[827,986,1943,1970]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="56 - 61" refId="ref24946" refString="Aubert J. F. 1961. Ichneumonides cryptines d'un genre nouveau comprenant quatre especes nouvelles (I). Bulletin de la Societe entomologique de Mulhouse 1961: 56 - 61." type="journal article" year="1961">Aubert, 1961</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="7DE84D2B3B214C41FC3AF86F9B35CAA1" baseAuthorityName="Aubert" baseAuthorityYear="1961" box="[1006,1142,1944,1969]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Palpostilpnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="papuator">
<emphasis id="889CEABA3B214C41FC3AF86F9B35CAA1" box="[1006,1142,1944,1969]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. papuator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="7DE84D2B3B214C41FB57F86F9A44CAA2" authorityName="Reshchikov &amp; Santos &amp; Liu &amp; Barthélémy" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Aubert" baseAuthorityYear="1961" box="[1155,1287,1944,1970]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Palpostilpnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufinator" status="stat. nov.">
<emphasis id="889CEABA3B214C41FB57F86F9A44CAA2" box="[1155,1287,1944,1970]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. rufinator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="93AF57C13B214C41FADAF86F9A31CAA2" box="[1294,1394,1944,1970]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">stat. rev.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="7DE84D2B3B214C41FF69F84B9E38CAC5" authority="Reshchikov &amp; Santos &amp; Liu &amp; Barthélémy, 2019" authorityName="Reshchikov &amp; Santos &amp; Liu &amp; Barthélémy" authorityYear="2019" box="[189,379,1980,2005]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Palpostilpnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="singaporensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="889CEABA3B214C41FF69F84B9E38CAC5" box="[189,379,1980,2005]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. singaporensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="93AF57C13B214C41FE55F84C9E99CAC5" box="[385,474,1979,2005]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName id="7DE84D2B3B214C41FDC4F84B9DC7CAC5" authorityName="Aubert" authorityYear="1961" box="[528,644,1980,2005]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Palpostilpnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striator">
<emphasis id="889CEABA3B214C41FDC4F84B9DC7CAC5" box="[528,644,1980,2005]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. striator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; (2) the
<taxonomicName id="7DE84D2B3B214C41FD30F84C9C33CAC5" authorityName="Reshchikov &amp; Santos &amp; Liu &amp; Barthélémy" authorityYear="2019" box="[740,880,1979,2005]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Palpostilpnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hainanensis">
<emphasis id="889CEABA3B214C41FD30F84C9C33CAC5" box="[740,880,1979,2005]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">hainanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group for the “elongated” species, including
<taxonomicName id="7DE84D2B3B204C40FF69FEFB9FBECC35" authority="Reshchikov &amp; Santos &amp; Liu &amp; Barthélémy, 2019" authorityName="Reshchikov &amp; Santos &amp; Liu &amp; Barthélémy" authorityYear="2019" box="[189,253,267,293]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Palpostilpnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aki" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="889CEABA3B204C40FF69FEFB9FBECC35" box="[189,253,267,293]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. aki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="93AF57C13B204C40FED0FEFB9E22CC36" box="[260,353,268,294]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="7DE84D2B3B204C40FEB8FEFB9E93CC35" authority="Reshchikov &amp; Santos &amp; Liu &amp; Barthélémy, 2019" authorityName="Reshchikov &amp; Santos &amp; Liu &amp; Barthélémy" authorityYear="2019" box="[364,464,267,293]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Palpostilpnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angka" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="889CEABA3B204C40FEB8FEFB9E93CC35" box="[364,464,267,293]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. angka</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="93AF57C13B204C40FE03FEFB9D70CC36" box="[471,563,268,294]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="7DE84D2B3B204C40FDEAFEFB9DA4CC35" authority="Reshchikov &amp; Santos &amp; Liu &amp; Barthélémy, 2019" authorityName="Reshchikov &amp; Santos &amp; Liu &amp; Barthélémy" authorityYear="2019" box="[574,743,267,293]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Palpostilpnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hainanensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="889CEABA3B204C40FDEAFEFB9DA4CC35" box="[574,743,267,293]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. hainanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="93AF57C13B204C40FD3AFEFB9C09CC36" box="[750,842,268,294]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="7DE84D2B3B204C40FC82FEFB9CA6CC35" authority="Reshchikov &amp; Santos &amp; Liu &amp; Barthélémy, 2019" authorityName="Reshchikov &amp; Santos &amp; Liu &amp; Barthélémy" authorityYear="2019" box="[854,997,268,294]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Palpostilpnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mangrovi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="889CEABA3B204C40FC82FEFB9C2BCC35" box="[854,872,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="889CEABA3B204C40FCA2FEFB9CA6CC35" box="[886,997,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">mangrovi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="93AF57C13B204C40FC38FEFB9B0BCC36" box="[1004,1096,268,294]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="7DE84D2B3B204C40FB80FEFB9A4CCC35" authority="Reshchikov &amp; Santos &amp; Liu &amp; Barthélémy, 2019" authorityName="Reshchikov &amp; Santos &amp; Liu &amp; Barthélémy" authorityYear="2019" box="[1108,1295,267,293]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Palpostilpnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pterodactylus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="889CEABA3B204C40FB80FEFB9A4CCC35" box="[1108,1295,267,293]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. pterodactylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="93AF57C13B204C40FAC1FEFB9A31CC36" box="[1301,1394,268,294]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="7DE84D2B3B204C40FF69FED89E59CC58" authority="Reshchikov &amp; Santos &amp; Liu &amp; Barthélémy, 2019" authorityName="Reshchikov &amp; Santos &amp; Liu &amp; Barthélémy" authorityYear="2019" box="[189,282,303,328]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Palpostilpnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ranui" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="889CEABA3B204C40FF69FED89E59CC58" box="[189,282,303,328]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. ranui</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="93AF57C13B204C40FEF5FED89E3DCC59" box="[289,382,303,329]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="7DE84D2B3B204C40FE5EFED89D67CC59" authorityName="Sheng &amp; Sun in Sheng, Sun, Ding &amp; Luo" authorityYear="2013" box="[394,548,303,329]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Palpostilpnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rotundatus">
<emphasis id="889CEABA3B204C40FE5EFED89D67CC59" box="[394,548,303,329]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. rotundatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="7DE84D2B3B204C40FDE7FED89DF3CC59" authority="Reshchikov &amp; Santos &amp; Liu &amp; Barthélémy, 2019" authorityName="Reshchikov &amp; Santos &amp; Liu &amp; Barthélémy" authorityYear="2019" box="[563,688,303,329]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Palpostilpnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tamasek" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="889CEABA3B204C40FDE7FED89DF3CC59" box="[563,688,303,329]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. tamasek</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="93AF57C13B204C40FD63FED89C51CC59" box="[695,786,303,329]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName id="7DE84D2B3B204C40FC9EFED89C8DCC59" authority="Reshchikov &amp; Santos &amp; Liu &amp; Barthélémy, 2019" authorityName="Reshchikov &amp; Santos &amp; Liu &amp; Barthélémy" authorityYear="2019" box="[842,974,303,329]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Palpostilpnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trifolium" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="889CEABA3B204C40FC9EFED89C8DCC59" box="[842,974,303,329]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. trifolium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="93AF57C13B204C40FC01FED89B73CC59" box="[981,1072,303,329]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BA5736A83B204C40FF69FE869D29CF07" blockId="9.[189,1398,368,535]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
We have also encountered specimens that show a similar habitus to the species of
<taxonomicName id="7DE84D2B3B204C40FB01FE879A35CC9A" authorityName="Aubert" authorityYear="1961" box="[1237,1398,368,394]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Palpostilpnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="889CEABA3B204C40FB01FE879A35CC9A" box="[1237,1398,368,394]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Palpostilpnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
recognized herein, with a depressed head and a short, stout, obliquely sloped mesosoma. However, these species lack the long palpi observed in the species of this genus. Hence, we prefer to wait for a comprehensive phylogenetic assessment of the species of
<taxonomicName id="7DE84D2B3B204C40FC8FFE2D9CBFCCE4" authorityName="Aubert" authorityYear="1961" box="[859,1020,474,500]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Palpostilpnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="889CEABA3B204C40FC8FFE2D9CBFCCE4" box="[859,1020,474,500]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Palpostilpnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and similar taxa before deciding upon the placement of these species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F2F265233B204C40FF69FDC99E7ACF97" box="[189,313,574,647]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="BA5736A83B204C40FF69FDC99E5FCF48" blockId="9.[189,284,574,600]" box="[189,284,574,600]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<heading id="E11F81C43B204C40FF69FDC99E5FCF48" bold="true" box="[189,284,574,600]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" reason="3">
<emphasis id="889CEABA3B204C40FF69FDC99E5FCF48" bold="true" box="[189,284,574,600]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Biology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BA5736A83B204C40FF69FD9A9E7ACF97" blockId="9.[189,313,621,647]" box="[189,313,621,647]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F2F265233B204C40FF69FD599EACCE93" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="BA5736A83B204C40FF69FD599E15CFD8" blockId="9.[189,342,686,712]" box="[189,342,686,712]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<heading id="E11F81C43B204C40FF69FD599E15CFD8" bold="true" box="[189,342,686,712]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" reason="3">
<emphasis id="889CEABA3B204C40FF69FD599E15CFD8" bold="true" box="[189,342,686,712]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BA5736A83B204C40FF69FD2A9CB1CE2D" blockId="9.[189,1399,733,830]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
Oriental and Australasian. Known species are recorded from
<collectingCountry id="C2FF76383B204C40FC62FD2A9B4ACFE7" box="[950,1033,733,759]" name="Brunei" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Brunei</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="C2FF76383B204C40FBCEFD2A9B23CFE7" box="[1050,1120,733,759]" name="China" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="782CF84A3B204C40FBA1FD2A9B8DCFE7" box="[1141,1230,733,759]" country="China" name="Hainan" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Hainan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="C2FF76383B204C40FB34FD2A9A31CFE7" box="[1248,1394,733,759]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
, Jiangxi, Yunnan),
<collectingCountry id="C2FF76383B204C40FE43FCF79D4ACE0A" box="[407,521,768,794]" name="Indonesia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="782CF84A3B204C40FDC8FCF79DCFCE0B" box="[540,652,768,795]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
),
<collectingCountry id="C2FF76383B204C40FD76FCF79C4DCE0A" box="[674,782,768,794]" name="Malaysia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingCountry id="C2FF76383B204C40FCF4FCF79CC8CE0B" box="[800,907,768,795]" name="Malaysia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
),
<collectingCountry id="C2FF76383B204C40FC76FCF79B6ACE0A" box="[930,1065,768,794]" name="Philippines" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Philippines</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="C2FF76383B204C40FBECFCF79BECCE0A" box="[1080,1199,768,794]" name="Singapore" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Singapore</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="C2FF76383B204C40FB39FCF79A16CE0A" box="[1261,1365,768,794]" name="Thailand" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Thailand</collectingCountry>
in the Oriental region and
<collectingCountry id="C2FF76383B204C40FE00FCD39DF5CE2D" box="[468,694,803,830]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
in the Australasian region.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BA5736A83B204C40FF69FC919EACCE93" blockId="9.[189,495,870,899]" box="[189,495,870,899]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="889CEABA3B204C40FF69FC919EACCE93" bold="true" box="[189,495,870,899]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="889CEABA3B204C40FF69FC919FB2CE93" bold="true" box="[189,241,870,899]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">The</emphasis>
hainanensis
<emphasis id="889CEABA3B204C40FE75FC909EACCE93" bold="true" box="[417,495,871,899]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">group</emphasis>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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