221 lines
26 KiB
XML
221 lines
26 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="FE7962B160FBECA718DA53B4C830FF4C">Taxonomic revision of the Spilomelinae (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae s. l.) of the Galápagos Islands, Ecuador</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03EA87B1FFAA82397E7FFED8FF7BFAF0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5823158" ID-GBIF-Taxon="124557734" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5823158" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EA87B1FFAA82397E7FFED8FF7BFAF0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EA87B1FFAA82397E7FFED8FF7BFAF0" lastPageNumber="337" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">
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<subSubSection id="C359652CFFAA82397E7FFED8FDECFE8A" box="[276,632,257,280]" pageId="22" pageNumber="337" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BFC36A7FFAA82397E7FFED8FDECFE8A" blockId="22.[276,632,257,315]" box="[276,632,257,280]" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">
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<heading id="D0B481CBFFAA82397E7FFED8FDECFE8A" bold="true" box="[276,632,257,280]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="3" pageId="22" pageNumber="337" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFAA82397E7FFED8FDECFE8A" authority="Stoll, 1781" authorityName="Stoll" authorityYear="1781" box="[276,632,257,280]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Diaphania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="337" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitidalis" subFamily="Spilomelinae">
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<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFAA82397E7FFED8FDECFE8A" bold="true" box="[276,632,257,280]" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">
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<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFAA82397E7FFED8FE7CFE8A" bold="true" box="[276,488,257,280]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">Diaphania nitidalis</emphasis>
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(Stoll, 1781)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C359652CFFAA82397E02FEFBFDB7FEA9" box="[361,547,290,315]" pageId="22" pageNumber="337" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BFC36A7FFAA82397E02FEFBFDB7FEA9" blockId="22.[276,632,257,315]" box="[361,547,290,315]" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">
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<figureCitation id="13782A22FFAA82397E02FEFBFE2EFEA9" box="[361,442,290,315]" captionStart="Figs 17 - 24" captionStartId="11.[151,192,1881,1902]" captionTargetBox="[247,1334,276,1797]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[206,1381,257,1824]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figs 17 - 24. Neotropical specimens of Spilomelinae, size not to scale. (17) Diaphania nitidalis ♀, Brazil, Bahía, Camacan, Res. Serra Bonita, 800 m, 8. iv. 2011, MHNG. (18) Ercta vittata ♂, Galápagos, Marchena, 12. iii. 1992, MHNG. (19) Herpetogramma bipunctalis ♂, Galápagos, Santa Cruz, CDRS, Barranco, 20 m, 30. iv. 2002, MHNG. (20, 21) Herpetogramma phaeopteralis. (20) ♂, Galápagos, Isabela, NE slope Alcedo, Los Guayabillos camp, 869 m, 2. iv. 2004, MHNG. (21) ♀, Galápagos, San Cristóbal, near La Loberia, sea level, 24. ii. 2005, MHNG. (22, 23) Hymenia perspectalis. (22) ♀, Galápagos, Santa Cruz, Los Gemelos, 4. v. 2002, MHNG. (23) ♀, same locality, 27. v. 1992, MHNG. (24) Lineodes integra ♂, Pinta, Cabo Ibbetson, 8 m, MHNG." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/162855/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">Figs 17</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13782A22FFAA82397EAEFEFAFE7BFEA9" box="[453,495,291,315]" captionStart="Figs 101 - 103" captionStartId="35.[151,192,1683,1704]" captionTargetBox="[167,1420,269,1605]" captionTargetId="figure@35.[151,1436,259,1624]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Figs 101 - 103. Male genitalia of Spilomelinae, a and b from same slides, but not to scale, (a) showing the genitalia without phallus and b, the phallus. (101) Diaphania indica: slide MHNG-ENTO- 8673, Mozambique, Makulane. (102) Diaphania nitidalis: slide BL 1810, Galápagos, Santa Cruz (CAS). (103) Ercta vittata: slide MHNG-ENTO- 9028, Galápagos, Pinta (MHNG)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/162867/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">102</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13782A22FFAA82397E90FEFAFDB7FEA9" box="[507,547,291,315]" captionStart="Figs 148 - 152" captionStartId="65.[151,192,1966,1987]" captionTargetBox="[175,1397,261,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@65.[159,1440,254,1922]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="Figs 148 - 152. Female genitalia of Neotropical Spilomelinae, not to scale. (148) Diaphania nitidalis: slide MHNG-ENTO- 8960, French Guiana. (149) Ercta vittata: slide MHNG-ENTO- 9029, Galápagos, Marchena (MHNG). (150) Herpetogramma bipunctalis: slide MHNG-ENTO- 8685, Galápagos, Isabela. (151) H. phaeopteralis: slide MHNG-ENTO- 8684, Galápagos, Fernandina. (152) Hymenia perspectalis: slide MHNG-ENTO- 9000, Galápagos, Santa Cruz." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/162882/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">148</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C359652CFFAA82397FFCFE89FD84FE0D" pageId="22" pageNumber="337" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BFC36A7FFAA82397FFCFE89FD60FE11" blockId="22.[151,756,336,416]" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB531189FFAA82397FFCFE89FD60FE11" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFAA82397FFCFE89FF67FEF7" box="[151,243,336,357]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Phalaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="337" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFAA82397FFCFE89FF67FEF7" box="[151,243,336,357]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">Phalaena</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFAA82397F92FE89FD7DFEF7" authority="Stoll in Cramer & Stoll, 1781: 160" authorityName="Stoll in Cramer & Stoll" authorityPageNumber="160" authorityYear="1781" box="[249,745,336,357]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Pyralis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="337" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitidalis" subFamily="Spilomelinae">
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<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFAA82397F92FE89FE00FEF7" box="[249,404,336,357]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">Pyralis nitidalis</emphasis>
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Stoll in Cramer & Stoll, 1781: 160
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFAA82397FFCFEB4FE54FE16" authority="Cramer" authorityName="Cramer" box="[151,448,365,388]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Diaphania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="337" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitidalis">
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<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFAA82397FFCFEB4FECDFE10" box="[151,345,365,386]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">Diaphania nitidalis</emphasis>
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(Cramer)
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<treatmentCitation id="0AE210B6FFAA82397EA5FEB7FD4DFE11" author="Causton C. E. & Peck S. B. & Sinclair B. J. & Roque-Albelo L. & Hodgson C. J. & Landry B." box="[462,729,365,387]" page="141" pageId="22" pageNumber="337" year="2006">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B56FFAA82397EA5FEB7FD30FE10" author="Causton C. E. & Peck S. B. & Sinclair B. J. & Roque-Albelo L. & Hodgson C. J. & Landry B." box="[462,676,365,387]" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Entomological Society of America" pageId="22" pageNumber="337" pagination="121 - 143" part="99" refString="Causton C. E., Peck S. B., Sinclair B. J., Roque-Albelo L., Hodgson C. J., Landry B. 2006. Alien Insects: Threats and implications for conservation of Galapagos Islands. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 99: 121 - 143." title="Alien Insects: Threats and implications for conservation of Galapagos Islands" type="journal article" year="2006">
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Causton
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<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFAA82397D42FEB7FDCBFE10" box="[553,607,365,387]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2006
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</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 141
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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. ‒
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFC36A7FFAA82397F88FE53FD84FE0D" blockId="22.[151,756,336,416]" box="[227,528,394,416]" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B56FFAA82397F88FE53FD98FE0D" author="Roque-Albelo L. & Landry B." box="[227,524,394,416]" editor="Bungartz F." journalOrPublisher="Charles Darwin Foundation / Fundacion Charles Darwin, Puerto Ayora, Galapagos" pageId="22" pageNumber="337" pagination="2015" part="30" publicationUrl="http://www.darwinfoundation" refString="Roque-Albelo L., Landry B. 2015. Lepidoptera. In: Bungartz F., Herrera H., Jaramillo P., Tirado N., Jimenez-Uzcategui G., Ruiz D., Guezou A., Ziemmeck F. (eds.). Charles Darwin Foundation Galapagos Species Checklist - Lista de Especies de Galapagos de la Fundacion Charles Darwin. Charles Darwin Foundation / Fundacion Charles Darwin, Puerto Ayora, Galapagos: http: // www. darwinfoundation. org / datazone / checklists / terrestrial-invertebrates / Last updated 30 November 2015." title="Lepidoptera" type="journal article" volumeTitle="Charles Darwin Foundation Galapagos Species Checklist - Lista de Especies de Galapagos de la Fundacion Charles Darwin" year="2015">Roque-Albelo & Landry, 2015</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C359652CFFAA82397FFCFE1FFF64FDAD" pageId="22" pageNumber="337" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BFC36A7FFAA82397FFCFE1FFF64FDAD" blockId="22.[151,756,454,575]" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">
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<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFAA82397FFCFE1FFEEDFE4F" bold="true" box="[151,377,454,477]" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">Material examined:</emphasis>
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<specimenCount id="9D45FD2EFFAA82397EEBFE1FFE3DFE4C" box="[384,425,454,478]" pageId="22" pageNumber="337" type="male">2 ♂</specimenCount>
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from the
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<collectingRegion id="4987F845FFAA82397D7EFE1FFD48FE4F" box="[533,732,454,477]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">Galápagos Islands</collectingRegion>
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. –
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<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFAA82397FFCFE3EFE9AFE6C" box="[151,270,487,510]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">
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<collectingRegion id="4987F845FFAA82397FFCFE3EFE9AFE6C" box="[151,270,487,510]" country="Bolivia" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
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</emphasis>
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: low agriculture zone, GPS:
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<geoCoordinate id="EE775060FFAA82397D29FE3EFD45FE6D" box="[578,721,487,511]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="337" precision="1" value="-0.7022">S 00°42.132’</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE775060FFAA82397DB0FE3EFE83FD8F" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="337" precision="1" value="-90.31927">W 90° 19.156’</geoCoordinate>
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; Horneman Farm,
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<specimenCount id="9D45FD2EFFAA82397EB6FDDEFDB3FD8C" box="[477,551,519,543]" pageId="22" pageNumber="337" type="generic">
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<quantity id="4CBB9B42FFAA82397EB6FDDEFDB7FD8C" box="[477,547,519,543]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="22" pageNumber="337" unit="m" value="220.0">220 m</quantity>
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.
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</specimenCount>
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Deposited in
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<collectionCode id="ED52AE62FFAA82397DD2FDDEFD7BFD8D" box="[697,751,519,543]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">CAS</collectionCode>
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||
,
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<collectionCode id="ED52AE62FFAA82397FFCFDFEFF78FDAD" box="[151,236,551,575]" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2jyg-xmd2" name="Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">MHNG</collectionCode>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C359652CFFAA82397FFCFD8FFF69FCA2" pageId="22" pageNumber="337" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BFC36A7FFAA82397FFCFD8FFF69FCA2" blockId="22.[151,757,598,816]" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">
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<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFAA82397FFCFD8FFE9BFDFF" bold="true" box="[151,271,598,621]" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
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This species (
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<figureCitation id="13782A22FFAA82397EDCFD8FFD9DFDFD" box="[439,521,598,623]" captionStart="Figs 17 - 24" captionStartId="11.[151,192,1881,1902]" captionTargetBox="[247,1334,276,1797]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[206,1381,257,1824]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figs 17 - 24. Neotropical specimens of Spilomelinae, size not to scale. (17) Diaphania nitidalis ♀, Brazil, Bahía, Camacan, Res. Serra Bonita, 800 m, 8. iv. 2011, MHNG. (18) Ercta vittata ♂, Galápagos, Marchena, 12. iii. 1992, MHNG. (19) Herpetogramma bipunctalis ♂, Galápagos, Santa Cruz, CDRS, Barranco, 20 m, 30. iv. 2002, MHNG. (20, 21) Herpetogramma phaeopteralis. (20) ♂, Galápagos, Isabela, NE slope Alcedo, Los Guayabillos camp, 869 m, 2. iv. 2004, MHNG. (21) ♀, Galápagos, San Cristóbal, near La Loberia, sea level, 24. ii. 2005, MHNG. (22, 23) Hymenia perspectalis. (22) ♀, Galápagos, Santa Cruz, Los Gemelos, 4. v. 2002, MHNG. (23) ♀, same locality, 27. v. 1992, MHNG. (24) Lineodes integra ♂, Pinta, Cabo Ibbetson, 8 m, MHNG." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/162855/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
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) is unlike any other in the
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<collectingRegion id="4987F845FFAA82397F8AFDAFFEC6FD1F" box="[225,338,630,653]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
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by virtue of its brown lustred purple forewing with a large pale yellow patch postmedially and the hindwing similarly coloured brown along the margin and pale yellow from base to beyond middle. The wingspan of the only spread
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<collectingRegion id="4987F845FFAA82397E95FD21FDFBFC9D" box="[510,623,760,783]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
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||
specimen is
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||
<quantity id="4CBB9B42FFAA82397FFCFCC1FF6EFCA2" box="[151,250,792,816]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.95" pageId="22" pageNumber="337" unit="mm" value="29.5">29.5 mm</quantity>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C359652CFFAA82397FFCFC9EFDFAFB92" pageId="22" pageNumber="337" type="biology_ecology">
|
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<paragraph id="8BFC36A7FFAA82397FFCFC9EFDFAFB92" blockId="22.[151,756,839,1025]" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">
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||
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFAA82397FFCFC9EFF63FCCC" bold="true" box="[151,247,839,862]" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">Biology:</emphasis>
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Host records are various
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFAA82397D4CFC9EFD50FCCC" box="[551,708,839,862]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="22" pageNumber="337" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Cucurbitaceae</taxonomicName>
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||
, for example in genera
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFAA82397E08FCB1FE56FCED" box="[355,450,872,895]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Citrullus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="22" pageNumber="337" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFAA82397E08FCB1FE56FCED" box="[355,450,872,895]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">Citrullus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFAA82397EBBFCB1FDA8FCED" box="[464,572,872,895]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Cucurbita" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="22" pageNumber="337" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFAA82397EBBFCB1FDA8FCED" box="[464,572,872,895]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">Cucurbita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFAA82397D21FCB0FD33FC12" box="[586,679,873,896]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Cucumis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="22" pageNumber="337" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFAA82397D21FCB0FD33FC12" box="[586,679,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">Cucumis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFAA82397DDEFCB1FD79FC12" box="[693,749,872,896]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Luffa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="22" pageNumber="337" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFAA82397DDEFCB1FD79FC12" box="[693,749,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">Luffa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFAA82397FFCFC51FE86FC0D" box="[151,274,904,927]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Momordica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="22" pageNumber="337" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFAA82397FFCFC51FE86FC0D" box="[151,274,904,927]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">Momordica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFAA82397E49FC51FEE8FC0D" box="[290,380,904,927]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Sechium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="22" pageNumber="337" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFAA82397E49FC51FEE8FC0D" box="[290,380,904,927]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">Sechium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFAA82397ED8FC51FD9DFC0D" box="[435,521,904,927]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">Sichana</emphasis>
|
||
, but there is also one record in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFAA82397E45FC70FD33FC53" authority="Robinson et al., 2014" authorityName="Robinson et al." authorityYear="2014" box="[302,679,936,961]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="22" pageNumber="337" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">
|
||
Cactaceae (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B56FFAA82397EC0FC71FD0BFC53" author="Robinson G. S. & Ackery P. R. & Kitching I. J. & Beccaloni G. W. & Hernandez L. M." box="[427,671,936,961]" journalOrPublisher="a Database of the World's Lepidopteran Hostplants" pageId="22" pageNumber="337" publicationUrl="http://www.nhm.ac.uk/researchcuration/research/projects/hostplants" refString="Robinson G. S., Ackery P. R., Kitching I. J., Beccaloni G. W., Hernandez L. M. 2014. HOSTS - a Database of the World's Lepidopteran Hostplants. http: // www. nhm. ac. uk / researchcuration / research / projects / hostplants /" title="HOSTS" type="book" year="2014">
|
||
Robinson
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFAA82397D77FC73FDC1FC2D" box="[540,597,936,961]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4987F845FFAA82397FFCFC10FE9CFC72" box="[151,264,969,992]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||
the two specimens at hand were collected in the agriculture zone in February and March.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C359652CFFAA82397FFCFBC1FDD1FB63" pageId="22" pageNumber="337" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFC36A7FFAA82397FFCFBC1FDD1FB63" blockId="22.[151,756,1048,1267]" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFAA82397FFCFBC1FEBAFBBD" bold="true" box="[151,302,1048,1071]" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">Distribution:</emphasis>
|
||
This species is found widely in the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4987F845FFAA82397FFCFBE3FF64FBC3" box="[151,240,1082,1105]" country="Sri Lanka" name="Western" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">Western</collectingRegion>
|
||
Hemisphere, from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3547637FFAA82397D47FBE0FDF5FBC3" box="[556,609,1081,1105]" name="United States of America" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
across the Americas South to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3547637FFAA82397E1EFB80FE74FBE2" box="[373,480,1113,1136]" name="Argentina" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
and including the West Indies (BMNH and MHNG specimens;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B56FFAA82397D26FBA3FD64FB00" author="Heppner J. B." bookContentInfo="670 pp." box="[589,752,1146,1170]" journalOrPublisher="Arthropods of Florida and neighbouring land areas 17" pageId="22" pageNumber="337" refString="Heppner J. B. 2003. Lepidoptera of Florida. Part 1. Introduction and catalog. Arthropods of Florida and neighbouring land areas 17: 670 pp." title="Lepidoptera of Florida. Part 1. Introduction and catalog" type="book" year="2003">Heppner, 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B56FFAA82397FFCFB43FE10FB20" author="Robinson G. S. & Ackery P. R. & Kitching I. J. & Beccaloni G. W. & Hernandez L. M." box="[151,388,1178,1202]" journalOrPublisher="a Database of the World's Lepidopteran Hostplants" pageId="22" pageNumber="337" publicationUrl="http://www.nhm.ac.uk/researchcuration/research/projects/hostplants" refString="Robinson G. S., Ackery P. R., Kitching I. J., Beccaloni G. W., Hernandez L. M. 2014. HOSTS - a Database of the World's Lepidopteran Hostplants. http: // www. nhm. ac. uk / researchcuration / research / projects / hostplants /" title="HOSTS" type="book" year="2014">
|
||
Robinson
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFAA82397E6EFB42FEA8FB23" box="[261,316,1178,1202]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). From the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4987F845FFAA82397D6AFB43FDE6FB23" box="[513,626,1178,1201]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||
I have seen only specimens from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4987F845FFAA82397EF9FB62FD86FB41" box="[402,530,1211,1235]" country="Bolivia" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
|
||
, but
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B56FFAA82397D38FB62FF4AFB63" author="Causton C. E. & Peck S. B. & Sinclair B. J. & Roque-Albelo L. & Hodgson C. J. & Landry B." journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Entomological Society of America" pageId="22" pageNumber="337" pagination="121 - 143" part="99" refString="Causton C. E., Peck S. B., Sinclair B. J., Roque-Albelo L., Hodgson C. J., Landry B. 2006. Alien Insects: Threats and implications for conservation of Galapagos Islands. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 99: 121 - 143." title="Alien Insects: Threats and implications for conservation of Galapagos Islands" type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Causton
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFAA82397DD3FB62FD60FB43" box="[696,756,1210,1234]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2006)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also report it from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3547637FFAA82397EC6FB02FDD5FB63" box="[429,577,1242,1267]" name="Saint Kitts and Nevis" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4987F845FFAA82397EC6FB02FDD5FB63" box="[429,577,1242,1267]" country="Dominican Republic" name="San Cristobal" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">San Cristóbal</collectingRegion>
|
||
</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C359652CFFAA82397FFCFAD3FF7BFAF0" pageId="22" pageNumber="337" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFC36A7FFAA82397FFCFAD3FF7BFAF0" blockId="22.[151,756,1290,1378]" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFAA82397FFCFAD3FE94FAB0" bold="true" box="[151,256,1290,1314]" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">Remark:</emphasis>
|
||
I confirmed the identification of the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4987F845FFAA82397FFCFAF3FE9CFAD3" box="[151,264,1322,1345]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="22" pageNumber="337">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||
specimens with identified specimens in the BMNH.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |