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<document id="3A89A870A2808AC51C9A80759539E563" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-ZooBank="60BA3197-50C4-4DAB-B65C-3F7B61DEB4F4" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629804931984" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Sun, Jing, Jiang, Ji-Bao &amp; Qiu, Jiang-Ping" docDate="2012" docId="038CCD160F62FFC58EA164A8FE853568" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03458p158.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3458" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Amynthas montanus Qiu &amp; Sun 2012, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="155" masterDocId="FFB5B56E0F67FFC38E36643FFF873063" masterDocTitle="Four new species of the Amynthas corticis-group (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) from Hainan Island, China" masterLastPageNumber="158" masterPageNumber="149" pageNumber="154" updateTime="1699114288365" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="11249A8C7942A8E85A8C6D203010AE4C" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="C385E31A298C2AE4BC2FCA005B917DE7">Four new species of the Amynthas corticis-group (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) from Hainan Island, China</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="02285E529414A897ED945189ED1CFF23" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="9E038458AC673960406290F5063FC3B4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="874621A0EB12E9ADFD94076852E1A51B">Sun, Jing</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="1CC8CDB5C59F5060446BFE2696F71085">E-mail: sun _ jing. 2005 @ yahoo. com. cn; corresponding author, E-mail: jpq @ sjtu. edu. cn</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="1B33F694EDD33DC56DE9A7E83D26CAC1" type="email">sun_jing.2005@yahoo.com.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="C908DDCA8521AC0518ECDA4D8A4248EF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="0737B977CA9BE0C77E4AD20C1E81D56E">Jiang, Ji-Bao</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="97690A23FA0127976B6810C40F051273">Qiu, Jiang-Ping</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="02410F42C5106B2185F9B35D74091E07">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="1C555B4921005D520AA45923F417C5FA">
<mods:date id="3B1CBE670BEE01E9C4A9146FC5973734">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="2C531E9E75D60CE9FE1AD0D0DC3B9429">2012-09-07</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="3D8AE74ED31D97C8EF9332C955345E1D" type="volume">
<mods:number id="D53A5DC838DD60F3E55AE5D65310B4E4">3458</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="59B81EE4AF197EDE39DA1E63D184A079">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="EFEE8C73A6D112B6ABFEF1DB8CA627BA" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="038CCD160F62FFC58EA164A8FE853568" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5256380" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5256380" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038CCD160F62FFC58EA164A8FE853568" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038CCD160F62FFC58EA164A8FE853568" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="155" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">
<subSubSection id="C33F2F8B0F62FFC68EA164A8FD0C30D2" box="[151,651,151,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B9A7C000F62FFC68EA164A8FD0C30D2" blockId="5.[151,651,151,210]" box="[151,651,151,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">
<heading id="D0D2CB6C0F62FFC68EA164A8FD0C30D2" bold="true" box="[151,651,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B951A0120F62FFC68EA164A8FD0C30D2" bold="true" box="[151,651,151,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">
<taxonomicName id="4C2507830F62FFC68EA164A8FDA730D2" authority="Qiu &amp; Sun" authorityName="Qiu &amp; Sun" authorityYear="2012" box="[151,544,151,177]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="montanus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B951A0120F62FFC68EA164A8FE1730D2" bold="true" box="[151,400,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Amynthas montanus</emphasis>
Qiu &amp; Sun
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2621D690F62FFC68C1B64A8FD0C30D2" box="[557,651,151,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33F2F8B0F62FFC68EA16485FEA730B1" box="[151,288,186,210]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9A7C000F62FFC68EA16485FEA730B1" blockId="5.[151,651,151,210]" box="[151,288,186,210]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">
(
<figureCitation id="131E60850F62FFC68EA96485FE9030B1" box="[159,279,186,210]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1799,1822]" captionTargetBox="[280,1302,1086,1764]" captionTargetId="figure-433@5.[272,1315,1074,1775]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Amynthas montanus and Amynthas genitalis spp. nov. A. Ventral view showing spermathecal pores, female pore, male pores, and genital papillae of Amynthas montanus sp. nov. B. Spermatheca of Amynthas montanus sp. nov. C. Ventral view showing spermathecal pores, female pore, male pores, and genital papillae of Amynthas genitalis sp. nov. D. Spermatheca of Amynthas genitalis sp. nov." pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Fig. 2A, B</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33F2F8B0F62FFC68EA1653DFC9931C9" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9A7C000F62FFC68EA1653DFC9931C9" blockId="5.[151,1437,258,1038]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">
<emphasis id="B951A0120F62FFC68EA1653DFE813178" bold="true" box="[151,262,258,283]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" reason="1">Material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B4D765D0F62FFC68F39653DFED93101" collectingDate="2006-06-07" collectorName="J. P. Qiu &amp; W. X. Zhang" country="China" elevation="394" latitude="18.6675" location="Mt. Diaoluo" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="109.88783" municipality="One" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" specimenCount="394" stateProvince="Hainan" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="549EC2A20F62FFC68F39653DFEFB3179" box="[271,380,258,282]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFEE67A0F62FFC68FBE653DFE313179" box="[392,438,258,282]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">One</collectingMunicipality>
clitellate (C-HN032-04) specimen,
<collectingCountry id="F3323C900F62FFC68D65653DFC1E3179" box="[851,921,258,282]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49E1B2E20F62FFC68D90653DFBE03179" box="[934,1127,258,282]" country="China" name="Hainan" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Hainan Province</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="8EFA2ADB0F62FFC68A42653CFB783179" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038CCD160F62FFC58EA164A8FE853568:8EFA2ADB0F62FFC68A42653CFB783179" box="[1140,1279,258,282]" country="China" latitude="18.6675" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="109.88783" municipality="One" name="Mt. Diaoluo" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" stateProvince="Hainan">Mt. Diaoluo</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE111AC70F62FFC68B26653DFA1F3179" box="[1296,1432,258,282]" degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="40.05" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" precision="9" value="18.6675">18°40.05’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE111AC70F62FFC68EA16519FEAE315D" box="[151,297,294,318]" degrees="109" direction="east" minutes="53.27" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" precision="9" value="109.88783">109°53.27’E</geoCoordinate>
),
<specimenCount id="9D23B7890F62FFC68F0A6519FE0D315D" box="[316,394,294,318]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" type="generic">
<quantity id="4CDDD1E50F62FFC68F0A6519FE01315D" box="[316,390,294,318]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.94" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" unit="m" value="394.0">
<elevation id="00089B330F62FFC68F0A6519FE01315D" box="[316,390,294,318]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.94" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" unit="m" value="394.0">394 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
elevation, cinnamon sandy soil under the banana and arbor forests,
<date id="FF9B5AC00F62FFC68AB76518FA82315D" box="[1153,1285,294,318]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" value="2006-06-07">
<collectingDate id="EFDFA3280F62FFC68AB76518FA82315D" box="[1153,1285,294,318]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" value="2006-06-07">7 Jun. 2006</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26D019D60F62FFC68B266518FAEA315D" box="[1296,1389,294,318]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">J. P. Qiu</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="26D019D60F62FFC68EA16574FEA13101" box="[151,294,330,354]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">W. X. Zhang</collectorName>
coll.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B4D765D0F62FFC68F536574FC9931C9" collectingDate="2006-06-06" collectorName="J. P. Qiu &amp; M. B. Bouche" country="China" elevation="930" latitude="18.723167" location="Mt. Diaoluo" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="109.85917" municipality="One" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" specimenCount="930" stateProvince="Hainan" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="549EC2A20F62FFC68F536574FE4D3100" box="[357,458,331,355]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFEE67A0F62FFC68FE36575FD833101" box="[469,516,330,354]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">One</collectingMunicipality>
clitellate (C-HN023-02): imcomplete posterior amputee,
<collectingCountry id="F3323C900F62FFC68ABF6575FB483101" box="[1161,1231,330,354]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49E1B2E20F62FFC68AEC6575FA103101" box="[1242,1431,330,354]" country="China" name="Hainan" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Hainan Province</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="8EFA2ADB0F62FFC68EA16550FEA631E5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038CCD160F62FFC58EA164A8FE853568:8EFA2ADB0F62FFC68EA16550FEA631E5" box="[151,289,366,390]" country="China" latitude="18.723167" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="109.85917" municipality="One" name="Mt. Diaoluo" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" stateProvince="Hainan">Mt. Diaoluo</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE111AC70F62FFC68F056551FE3C31E5" box="[307,443,366,390]" degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="43.39" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" precision="9" value="18.723167">18°43.39’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE111AC70F62FFC68FFE6551FDDD31E5" box="[456,602,366,390]" degrees="109" direction="east" minutes="51.55" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" precision="9" value="109.85917">109°51.55’E</geoCoordinate>
),
<specimenCount id="9D23B7890F62FFC68C466551FD4731E5" box="[624,704,366,390]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" type="generic">
<quantity id="4CDDD1E50F62FFC68C466551FD3B31E5" box="[624,700,366,390]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.3" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" unit="m" value="930.0">
<elevation id="00089B330F62FFC68C466551FD3B31E5" box="[624,700,366,390]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.3" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" unit="m" value="930.0">930 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
elevation, yellow cinnamon soil in bamboo and camphor forest beside road,
<date id="FF9B5AC00F62FFC68F1365ADFE2D31C9" box="[293,426,402,426]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" value="2006-06-06">
<collectingDate id="EFDFA3280F62FFC68F1365ADFE2D31C9" box="[293,426,402,426]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" value="2006-06-06">6 Jun. 2006</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26D019D60F62FFC68F8365ACFD9531C9" box="[437,530,402,426]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">J. P. Qiu</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="26D019D60F62FFC68C7F65ACFD6231C9" box="[585,741,402,426]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">M. B. Bouché</collectorName>
coll.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33F2F8B0F62FFC68EFF6588FCF431AD" box="[201,883,438,463]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B9A7C000F62FFC68EFF6588FCF431AD" blockId="5.[151,1437,258,1038]" box="[201,883,438,463]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">
<emphasis id="B951A0120F62FFC68EFF6588FED731AC" bold="true" box="[201,336,439,463]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" reason="1">Etymology.</emphasis>
This species is named after its mountain habitat.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33F2F8B0F62FFC68EFF65E5FC0F32E1" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B9A7C000F62FFC68EFF65E5FC0F32E1" blockId="5.[151,1437,258,1038]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">
<emphasis id="B951A0120F62FFC68EFF65E5FEC43190" bold="true" box="[201,323,474,499]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" reason="1">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Bigger-sized
<taxonomicName id="4C2507830F62FFC68FD265E4FDD53190" box="[484,594,475,499]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B951A0120F62FFC68FD265E4FDD53190" box="[484,594,475,499]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Amynthas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
earthworms; four pairs of spermathecal pores in 5/6–8/9, eye-like, clear, about 0.33 body circumference ventrally apart; male pores 0.33 body circumference ventrally apart, each round, on setal line with elevated center surrounded by 2 to 3 circular folds, with two pairs of ovate and flat-topped genital papillae on 17/18 and 18/19; diverticulum shorter than main spermathecal axis, terminal 0.4 dilated into a rodshaped chamber, stalk composed of entally widening hairpin loops.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33F2F8B0F62FFC58EFF66B1FE5631AC" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="155" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9A7C000F62FFC68EFF66B1FD66331D" blockId="5.[151,1437,258,1038]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">
<emphasis id="B951A0120F62FFC68EFF66B1FEDD32C4" bold="true" box="[201,346,654,679]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" reason="1">Description.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B951A0120F62FFC68F5C66B1FDD632C5" box="[362,593,654,678]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">External characters</emphasis>
. Preserved specimens no pigment, clear mid-dorsal line. Dimensions?–
<quantity id="4CDDD1E50F62FFC68E99668DFE8032A9" box="[175,263,690,714]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" unit="mm" value="210.0">210mm</quantity>
by
<quantity id="4CDDD1E50F62FFC68F05668DFE3532A9" box="[307,434,690,714]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="7.5" valueMin="4.5">4.5–7.5mm</quantity>
at clitellum, segments?–193, big earthworm, incomplete posterior amputee in
<typeStatus id="549EC2A20F62FFC68B02668CFA1F32A8" box="[1332,1432,691,715]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
; body cylindrical in cross-section, gradually tapered towards head and tail. Prostomium ½ epilobous. Setae numbering 52–74 at III, 72–120 at V, 80–142 at VIII, 52–102 at XX, 60–96 at XXV; 12–18 between male pores; 26–36/VI, 21–42/VII, 24–40/VIII between spermathecal pores, setal formula AA=1.2–1.8AB, ZZ=1.8–2ZY. Clitellum annular XIV–XVI, smooth, light-red, or light brown; setae can be seen externally in XIV–XVI; dorsal pore present;
<specimenCount id="9D23B7890F62FFC68F196758FE4F331D" box="[303,456,870,894]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
has furrows in clitellum.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9A7C000F62FFC68EFF67B5FA02346D" blockId="5.[151,1437,258,1038]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">
First dorsal pore 12/13. Four pairs of spermathecal pores in 5/6–8/9, about 0.33 circumference ventrally apart. Male pores paired in XVIII, 0.33 body circumference ventrally apart; each round on setal line with elevated center surrounded by 2 to 3 circular folds. Genital papillae ovate, flat-topped, diameter
<quantity id="4CDDD1E50F62FFC68A5467EDFB623389" box="[1122,1253,978,1002]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" unit="mm" value="0.75" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.7">0.7–0.8mm</quantity>
, surrounded by epidermal folds, paired on 17/18, 18/19 median to male pores. (
<figureCitation id="131E60850F62FFC68D6967C9FC3E346D" box="[863,953,1014,1038]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1799,1822]" captionTargetBox="[280,1302,1086,1764]" captionTargetId="figure-433@5.[272,1315,1074,1775]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Amynthas montanus and Amynthas genitalis spp. nov. A. Ventral view showing spermathecal pores, female pore, male pores, and genital papillae of Amynthas montanus sp. nov. B. Spermatheca of Amynthas montanus sp. nov. C. Ventral view showing spermathecal pores, female pore, male pores, and genital papillae of Amynthas genitalis sp. nov. D. Spermatheca of Amynthas genitalis sp. nov." pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
). Female pore single mid-ventral in XIV.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF5A2C880F62FFC68EA16338FE4D371A" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" startId="5.[151,250,1799,1822]" targetBox="[280,1302,1086,1764]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8B9A7C000F62FFC68EA16338FE4D371A" blockId="5.[151,1436,1799,1914]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">
<emphasis id="B951A0120F62FFC68EA16338FE94377D" bold="true" box="[151,275,1799,1822]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C2507830F62FFC68F2C6337FE60377D" authorityName="Qiu &amp; Sun" authorityYear="2012" box="[282,487,1800,1822]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="montanus">
<emphasis id="B951A0120F62FFC68F2C6337FE60377D" box="[282,487,1800,1822]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Amynthas montanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C2507830F62FFC68C2F6337FD5C377D" authorityName="Sun &amp; Jiang &amp; Qiu" authorityYear="2012" box="[537,731,1800,1822]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="genitalis">
<emphasis id="B951A0120F62FFC68C2F6337FD5C377D" box="[537,731,1800,1822]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Amynthas genitalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B951A0120F62FFC68CD46337FCC6377E" bold="true" box="[738,833,1800,1821]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">spp. nov.</emphasis>
A. Ventral view showing spermathecal pores, female pore, male pores, and genital papillae of
<taxonomicName id="4C2507830F62FFC68C306318FD53375F" authority="Sun &amp; Jiang &amp; Qiu, 2012" authorityName="Sun &amp; Jiang &amp; Qiu" authorityYear="2012" box="[518,724,1831,1853]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="montanus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B951A0120F62FFC68C306318FD53375F" box="[518,724,1831,1853]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Amynthas montanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B951A0120F62FFC68CEB6318FCB7375F" bold="true" box="[733,816,1831,1852]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2621D690F62FFC68CEB6318FCB7375F" box="[733,816,1831,1852]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
B. Spermatheca of
<taxonomicName id="4C2507830F62FFC68A376318FB48375F" authority="Sun &amp; Jiang &amp; Qiu, 2012" authorityName="Sun &amp; Jiang &amp; Qiu" authorityYear="2012" box="[1025,1231,1831,1853]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="montanus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B951A0120F62FFC68A376318FB48375F" box="[1025,1231,1831,1853]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Amynthas montanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B951A0120F62FFC68AEE6318FAAD375F" bold="true" box="[1240,1322,1831,1852]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2621D690F62FFC68AEE6318FAAD375F" box="[1240,1322,1831,1852]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
C. Ventral view showing spermathecal pores, female pore, male pores, and genital papillae of
<taxonomicName id="4C2507830F62FFC68DEB637AFB193738" authority="Sun &amp; Jiang &amp; Qiu, 2012" authorityName="Sun &amp; Jiang &amp; Qiu" authorityYear="2012" box="[989,1182,1861,1883]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="genitalis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B951A0120F62FFC68DEB637AFB193738" box="[989,1182,1861,1883]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Amynthas genitalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B951A0120F62FFC68A926379FB733738" bold="true" box="[1188,1268,1862,1883]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2621D690F62FFC68A926379FB733738" box="[1188,1268,1862,1883]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
D. Spermatheca of
<taxonomicName id="4C2507830F62FFC68E84635BFEF33719" authority="Sun &amp; Jiang &amp; Qiu, 2012" authorityName="Sun &amp; Jiang &amp; Qiu" authorityYear="2012" box="[178,372,1892,1914]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="genitalis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B951A0120F62FFC68E84635BFEF33719" box="[178,372,1892,1914]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Amynthas genitalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2621D690F62FFC68F4C635BFE4D371A" box="[378,458,1892,1913]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9A7C000F62FFC68EFF6398FA1B37DC" blockId="5.[151,1436,1959,2018]" box="[201,1436,1959,1983]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">
<emphasis id="B951A0120F62FFC68EFF6398FE2F37DC" box="[201,424,1959,1983]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Internal characters</emphasis>
. Septa 5/6–7/8 and 10/11–12/13 muscular, 13/14 slightly thickened, 8/9–9/10 absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9A7C000F62FFC58EA163F5FC9E30B7" blockId="5.[151,1436,1959,2018]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1436,151,1291]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="155" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Dorsal blood vessel single, continuous onto pharynx; esophageal hearts enlarged in X–XIII. Gizzard in VIII–X, ball-shaped; intestine enlarged gradually from XVI; intestinal caeca simple, originating in XXVII and extending forward to XXV, finger-shaped sac with smooth margins.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9A7C000F61FFC58EFF64E0FE5631AC" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,1291]" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">
Ovaries in XIII. Spermathecae paired in VI–IX, about
<quantity id="4CDDD1E50F61FFC58D1E64E0FCF03094" box="[808,887,223,247]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" unit="mm" value="4.2">4.2mm</quantity>
long; ampulla heart-shaped, stout duct as long as 0.75 ampulla; diverticulum shorter than main spermathecal axis, terminal 0.4 dilated into a rod-shaped chamber, stalk composed of entally widening hairpin loops; no nephridia on spermathecal ducts (
<figureCitation id="131E60850F61FFC58AAD6518FB70315C" box="[1179,1271,295,319]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1799,1822]" captionTargetBox="[280,1302,1086,1764]" captionTargetId="figure-433@5.[272,1315,1074,1775]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Amynthas montanus and Amynthas genitalis spp. nov. A. Ventral view showing spermathecal pores, female pore, male pores, and genital papillae of Amynthas montanus sp. nov. B. Spermatheca of Amynthas montanus sp. nov. C. Ventral view showing spermathecal pores, female pore, male pores, and genital papillae of Amynthas genitalis sp. nov. D. Spermatheca of Amynthas genitalis sp. nov." pageId="6" pageNumber="155">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
). Male sexual system holandric, testis sacs two pairs, ventral in X, XI, anterior pair connected with membrane on ventrum between left and right side; seminal vesicles paired in each of XI and XII, anterior pair bigger in size, the latter pair vestigial; prostates in XVI–XX, coarsely lobate, prostatic duct u-shaped, distal end appreciably enlarged. No accessory glands were seen.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33F2F8B0F61FFC58EFF65E3FE853568" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B9A7C000F61FFC58EFF65E3FB1432E7" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,1291]" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">
<emphasis id="B951A0120F61FFC58EFF65E3FEBB3197" bold="true" box="[201,316,476,500]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" reason="1">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C2507830F61FFC58F7265E3FDA13197" authority="Sun &amp; Jiang &amp; Qiu, 2012" authorityName="Sun &amp; Jiang &amp; Qiu" authorityYear="2012" box="[324,550,476,500]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="montanus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B951A0120F61FFC58F7265E3FDA13197" box="[324,550,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">Amynthas montanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2621D690F61FFC58C1B65E3FD043190" box="[557,643,476,499]" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is a big octothecal earthworm belonging to the
<taxonomicName id="4C2507830F61FFC58AAE65E2FB6B3197" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Blakemore" baseAuthorityYear="2007" box="[1176,1260,477,500]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="corticis">
<emphasis id="B951A0120F61FFC58AAE65E2FB6B3197" box="[1176,1260,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">corticis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-group (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB401F10F61FFC58B7365E3FEA93274" author="Sims, R. W. &amp; Easton, E. G." pageId="6" pageNumber="155" pagination="169 - 268" refId="ref8282" refString="Sims, R. W. &amp; Easton, E. G. (1972) A numerical revision of the earthworm genus Pheretima auct. (Megascolecidae: Oligochaeta) with the recognition of new genera and an appendix on the earthworms collected by the Royal Society North Borneo Expedition. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 4, 169 - 268." type="journal article" year="1972">Sims &amp; Easton, 1972</bibRefCitation>
). The arrangement of male pore region genital papillae of
<taxonomicName id="4C2507830F61FFC58DF3663FFB2E327B" authority="Sun &amp; Jiang &amp; Qiu, 2012" authorityName="Sun &amp; Jiang &amp; Qiu" authorityYear="2012" box="[965,1193,512,536]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="montanus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B951A0120F61FFC58DF3663FFB2E327B" box="[965,1193,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">Amynthas montanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2621D690F61FFC58A86663FFA8F3274" box="[1200,1288,512,535]" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is somewhat similar to that of
<taxonomicName id="4C2507830F61FFC58F6A661BFD7B325F" authority="Quan 1989" authorityName="Quan &amp; Zhong" authorityYear="1989" box="[348,764,548,572]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tetrapapillatus">
<emphasis id="B951A0120F61FFC58F6A661BFDF0325F" box="[348,631,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">Amynthas tetrapapillatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB401F10F61FFC58C49661BFD7B325F" author="Quan, X. W. &amp; Zhong, Y. H." box="[639,764,548,572]" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" pagination="273 - 277" refId="ref8241" refString="Quan, X. W. &amp; Zhong, Y. H. (1989) Two new species of territorial oligochaetes from Hainan island (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae). Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 14, 273 - 277." type="journal article" year="1989">Quan 1989</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
from Hainan Island,
<taxonomicName id="4C2507830F61FFC58DD9661BFF48323C" authority="Qiu and Sun 2009" authorityName="Qiu and Sun" authorityYear="2009" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="diaoluomontis">
<emphasis id="B951A0120F61FFC58DD9661BFA81325F" box="[1007,1286,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">Amynthas diaoluomontis</emphasis>
Qiu and
<bibRefCitation id="EFB401F10F61FFC58B46661BFF48323C" author="Sun, J. &amp; Zhao, Q. &amp; Qiu, J. P." pageId="6" pageNumber="155" pagination="289 - 301" refId="ref8346" refString="Sun, J., Zhao, Q. &amp; Qiu, J. P. (2009) Four new species of earthworms belonging to the genus Amynthas (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) from Diaoluo Mountain, Hainan Island, China. Revue Suisse De Zoologie, 116, 289 - 301." type="journal article" year="2009">Sun 2009</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
from Hainan Island and
<taxonomicName id="4C2507830F61FFC58FC86677FCEB323C" authority="Tsai 2001" authorityName="Tsai" authorityYear="2001" box="[510,876,583,608]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="wulinensis">
<emphasis id="B951A0120F61FFC58FC86677FD693203" box="[510,750,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">Amynthas wulinensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB401F10F61FFC58CCC6678FCEB323C" author="Tsai, C. F. &amp; Shen, H. P. &amp; Tsai, S. C." box="[762,876,583,607]" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" pagination="276 - 288" refId="ref8448" refString="Tsai, C. F., Shen, H. P. &amp; Tsai, S. C. (2001) Some new earthworms of the genus Amynthas (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) from Mt. Hohuan of Taiwan. Zoological Studies, 40, 276 - 288." type="journal article" year="2001">Tsai 2001</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="F3323C900F61FFC58D8C6678FB97323C" box="[954,1040,583,607]" name="Taiwan" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
.
<tableCitation id="C6A749BB0F61FFC58A296678FBF0323C" box="[1055,1143,583,607]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,235,254,277]" captionText="TABLE 2. A comparison of characters of Amynthas montanus sp. nov., A. tetrapapillatus Quan &amp; Zhong, 1989, A. diaolu-" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">Table 2</tableCitation>
is given to illustrate the differences between
<taxonomicName id="4C2507830F61FFC58F486653FDE732E7" authority="Sun &amp; Jiang &amp; Qiu, 2012" authorityName="Sun &amp; Jiang &amp; Qiu" authorityYear="2012" box="[382,608,620,644]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="montanus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B951A0120F61FFC58F486653FDE732E7" box="[382,608,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">Amynthas montanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2621D690F61FFC58C516653FD3A32E0" box="[615,701,620,643]" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and those three reported species in detail.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9A7C000F61FFC58EFF66B0FB0C333F" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,1291]" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">
This new species differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C2507830F61FFC58C2F66AFFD5B32CB" authorityName="Quan &amp; Zhong" authorityYear="1989" box="[537,732,656,680]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tetrapapillatus">
<emphasis id="B951A0120F61FFC58C2F66AFFD5B32CB" box="[537,732,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">A. tetrapapillatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the features of pigment, position of first dorsal pore, setae in clitellum, transverse distance between spermathecal pores, number and size of spermathecae.
<taxonomicName id="4C2507830F61FFC58A8F668BFA1B32AF" authority="Sun &amp; Jiang &amp; Qiu, 2012" authorityName="Sun &amp; Jiang &amp; Qiu" authorityYear="2012" box="[1209,1436,692,716]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="montanus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B951A0120F61FFC58A8F668BFA1B32AF" box="[1209,1436,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">Amynthas montanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2621D690F61FFC58EA166E7FF6A328C" box="[151,237,728,751]" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
has no pigment, first dorsal pore in 12/13, setae externally in XIV–XVI, 0.33 circumference ventrally apart between spermathecal pores and four pairs of spermathecae which are
<quantity id="4CDDD1E50F61FFC58D8E66C3FB803377" box="[952,1031,764,788]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" unit="mm" value="4.2">4.2mm</quantity>
long. In contrast,
<taxonomicName id="4C2507830F61FFC58AE166C3FA1B3377" authorityName="Quan &amp; Zhong" authorityYear="1989" box="[1239,1436,764,788]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tetrapapillatus">
<emphasis id="B951A0120F61FFC58AE166C3FA1B3377" box="[1239,1436,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">A. tetrapapillatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has light maroon pigment, first dorsal pore in 11/12, no setae externally in XIV–XVI, spermathecal pores 0.17 circumference dorsally apart and only one pair of spermathecae which is 1.8–2.0mm long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9A7C000F61FFC58EFF6757FC6233A4" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,1291]" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">
<taxonomicName id="4C2507830F61FFC58EFF6757FE2933E3" authority="Sun &amp; Jiang &amp; Qiu, 2012" authorityName="Sun &amp; Jiang &amp; Qiu" authorityYear="2012" box="[201,430,872,896]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="montanus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B951A0120F61FFC58EFF6757FE2933E3" box="[201,430,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">Amynthas montanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2621D690F61FFC58F816757FD96331C" box="[439,529,872,895]" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is easily distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C2507830F61FFC58D566757FBA633E3" authorityName="Qiu and Sun" authorityYear="2009" box="[864,1057,872,896]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="diaoluomontis">
<emphasis id="B951A0120F61FFC58D566757FBA633E3" box="[864,1057,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">A. diaoluomontis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the number of spermathecae, transverse distance between spermathecal pores, prostomium, setal formula, characters of male pores, indentations of intestinal caeca, the size of spermathecae and characters of diverticulum.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9A7C000F61FFC58EFF67EBFE853568" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,1291]" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">
<taxonomicName id="4C2507830F61FFC58EFF67EBFE2B338F" authority="Sun &amp; Jiang &amp; Qiu, 2012" authorityName="Sun &amp; Jiang &amp; Qiu" authorityYear="2012" box="[201,428,980,1004]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="montanus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B951A0120F61FFC58EFF67EBFE2B338F" box="[201,428,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">Amynthas montanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2621D690F61FFC58F8567EBFD8D3388" box="[435,522,980,1003]" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C2507830F61FFC58C7767EBFD50338F" box="[577,727,980,1004]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="wulinensis">
<emphasis id="B951A0120F61FFC58C7767EBFD50338F" box="[577,727,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">A. wulinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be separated on the basis of its variable position of genital papillae from XVII–XX and the character of diverticulum. The genital papillae of
<taxonomicName id="4C2507830F61FFC58A1967C7FB443473" box="[1071,1219,1016,1040]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="wulinensis">
<emphasis id="B951A0120F61FFC58A1967C7FB443473" box="[1071,1219,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">A. wulinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are usually located in posterior annulet between the setal line and the posterior intersegmental furrow, while there may occasionally be an additional pair or 1 papilla in XX, or missing one in XVII or XIX. In
<taxonomicName id="4C2507830F61FFC58DC3607FFB5C343B" authority="Sun &amp; Jiang &amp; Qiu, 2012" authorityName="Sun &amp; Jiang &amp; Qiu" authorityYear="2012" box="[1013,1243,1088,1112]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="montanus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B951A0120F61FFC58DC3607FFB5C343B" box="[1013,1243,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">Amynthas montanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2621D690F61FFC58AD3607FFAC63434" box="[1253,1345,1088,1111]" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, genital papillae are always situated on 17/18, 18/19 median to the male pores. The diverticulum of
<taxonomicName id="4C2507830F61FFC58A85605BFACD341F" box="[1203,1354,1124,1148]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="wulinensis">
<emphasis id="B951A0120F61FFC58A85605BFACD341F" box="[1203,1354,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">A. wulinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has an oval, shining white seminal chamber and a slender, straight stalk, other than a rod-shaped chamber and hairpin looped stalk. Otherwise, they have some other differences in the position of first dorsal pore, setae and dorsal pore of clitellum, transverse distance of spermathecal pores, pigment, characters of gizzard and accessory glands near prostates.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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