852 lines
87 KiB
XML
852 lines
87 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="297097" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.7316535" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f9373c90-73c5-4ee4-b0f8-4c371f527d91" ID-ISBN="0-8018-8221-4" checkinTime="1670905209323" checkinUser="guido" docAuthor="Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn" docDate="2005" docId="FE35713894AA3CD1FEE1906AD71D8A37" docLanguage="en" docName="MammalSpeciesofTheWorld.2005.Muridae.1189-1531.xml" docOrigin="Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press" docTitle="Arvicanthis niloticus" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="A2267A57FF8A65DA07E1D2E970F9422A" lastPageNumber="1289" masterDocId="A2267A57FF8A65DA07E1D2E970F9422A" masterDocTitle="Order Rodentia - Family Muridae" masterLastPageNumber="1531" masterPageNumber="1189" pageNumber="1289" updateTime="1716781534040" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods id="CF45A4A0AC830B4BF3BB7F7086ED7EBD" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="01A8B6454047DA600CFB2B5AC12BE672">
|
||
<mods:title id="BCC51A2E80D1ED4D9CF39B1DAF25C9E3">Order Rodentia - Family Muridae</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="95629887E6EADB028C351AE6C22E3E3C" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="D9D87B63485B7A68839DFF9AAAF6545D">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="99A3C767A2A3BCCA74EA5D4A09B074AF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="7E4BD51FF2564A6225F04A1A656D4C82">Wilson, Don E.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="7FFEF63580A665EDC56FA8F8B1DEEF01" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="A39E53D705CE8878A7E0DD83B3CA3C19">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="3B13BE035C5A5AE009C5B90A85D3D7DA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="941DB58746842EAF1C326680586CFD2F">Reeder, DeeAnn</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="9D0694E8F423DC4CAFB319C6490C3EF2">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="C9E65E888CE0F8AD88CBCCB7D60BDABB" type="host">
|
||
<mods:originInfo id="705C60ACFFB9A905C88E62C805B098F2">
|
||
<mods:dateIssued id="E2E8924DBDF6F711DB37222CD05355FD">2005</mods:dateIssued>
|
||
<mods:publisher id="D05445D1D51E6D080DAF8FD4BEB03896">The Johns Hopkins University Press</mods:publisher>
|
||
<mods:place id="CED19103109FEC51425A61B9F6C149A3">
|
||
<mods:placeTerm id="85B49407691C26783CAD694122B49A18">Baltimore</mods:placeTerm>
|
||
</mods:place>
|
||
</mods:originInfo>
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="9BFB9B0F0CAADC18A25F0DB7B6E563BA">
|
||
<mods:title id="6D08F102B86209A020382D181CE399DC">Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="883B1B7AF11B763117D0FFC432EF2F56">
|
||
<mods:extent id="2B5222AEE62CACFFDAB8E9C5607AEF5F" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="3AB87A3A6E8345EEBEEFFAB239902707">1189</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="B63719D39D84865247953B7C4C39856F">1531</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="4BA65763E267CF153438CF933C338910">book chapter</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="74931E11821601A1883B5D37C2A388A0" type="ISBN">0-8018-8221-4</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="7EFD303680BF0152831F26EE8087E663" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.7316535</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="FE35713894AA3CD1FEE1906AD71D8A37" ID-GBIF-Taxon="231540280" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FE35713894AA3CD1FEE1906AD71D8A37" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FE35713894AA3CD1FEE1906AD71D8A37" lastPageNumber="1289" pageNumber="1289" sourceUrl="http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?id=13001243">
|
||
<subSubSection id="231E916899ADAF757ACC6D0B2D95F93A" pageNumber="1289" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="60F3A115A367BF545962BB64C7F8F2FD" pageNumber="1289">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9E011371BF498087E55F90C214FD076C" ID-CoL="H3SN" authority="(E. Geoffroy 1803)" baseAuthorityName="E. Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1803" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1289" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niloticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="29FA5BCE424EEFE3B5A9EC06A45190D9" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">Arvicanthis niloticus</emphasis>
|
||
(E. Geoffroy 1803)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="5CBDAA28CFE275377C975E9BB3574769" pageNumber="1289" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8F2F983B2159C4EE21DEDC56A7F0591A" pageNumber="1289">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="E6D6250B078EDF6081FE804A74EE4B1E" author="E. Geoffroy" authority="É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1803" authorityName="É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" authorityYear="1803" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Lemmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" page="186" pageNumber="1289" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niloticus" title="Lemmus niloticus" volumeTitle="Cat. Mamm. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., Paris" year="1803">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E908005F2FEBC4511EE3B2F7321BA917" authority="É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1803" authorityName="É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" authorityYear="1803" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Lemmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1289" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niloticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D5534286B35ED94601D5CC99A720BBBA" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">[Lemmus] niloticus</emphasis>
|
||
É.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="09782E79FC66EC4A22F129CFFB6CAB84" author="Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, E." refId="ref118357" refString="Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, E. 1803. Catalogue des mammiferes du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle. Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 272 pp." year="1803">Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1803</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibCitation id="B59FD786383341DA62C5A395DB39BC2B" author="E. Geoffroy" pageNumber="1289" pagination="186" title="Lemmus niloticus" volumeTitle="Cat. Mamm. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., Paris" year="1803">
|
||
Cat. Mamm.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FAF5F647AEA41536407191A061A4E724" baseAuthorityName="Kock and Nader" baseAuthorityYear="1990" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Mus</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Natl. Hist. Nat., Paris: 186
|
||
</bibCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="CFA0FC284BD7F29237174F19F0426ACC" pageNumber="1289" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="4BF4BA7FAC05B1DD9FEB4F3C234A2E3F" pageNumber="1289">
|
||
<emphasis id="96FE88715A8379DA4FAE6FE270771997" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="1289">Type Locality:</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="F83A89377C2461EC6527D0A8D38E4D65" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4867324808" country="Egypt" pageNumber="1289">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C065F04969F1F8F140BC2C9BB9F2DE65" name="Egypt">Egypt</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="65EE7897C64229320DF2ABF62447055D" pageNumber="1289" type="vernacular_names">
|
||
<paragraph id="BA4D347663005F911482326E5B0F31F4" pageNumber="1289">
|
||
<emphasis id="3F6104B51F07685B12346F5C58D54E73" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="1289">Vernacular Names:</emphasis>
|
||
<vernacularName id="1F4B1480A59036BFDA1371E42300DD85" language="eng" pageNumber="1289">African Arvicanthis</vernacularName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A6AB0B7589F3B182D549E5ECE2C0972F" pageNumber="1289" type="synonym_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="6F475857DFFD20BD766BDF2BDD49DCAA" pageNumber="1289">
|
||
<emphasis id="79388A292ED6E5939D17D7CA08A577AA" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="1289">Synonyms:</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="32642CA5D1B593763016D442DD64D082" authority="Dollman 1911" authorityName="Dollman" authorityYear="1911" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1289" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="centralis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E308925C48169D25F42DE6A35245A351" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">Arvicanthis centralis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="63766DC2E60D04736ED34ECB3A90BA3C" author="Dollman, G." refId="ref87523" refString="Dollman, G. 1911. On Arvicanthis abyssinicus and allied East-African species, with descriptions of four new forms. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 8, 8: 334 - 353." year="1911">Dollman 1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A7D2618D549074DC94F18236C421C86F" authority="Hollister 1916" authorityName="Hollister" authorityYear="1916" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1289" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="centrosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A6EB01D535F5C2EF6D55C08DAD4CDD55" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">Arvicanthis centrosus</emphasis>
|
||
Hollister 1916
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="60656D368DF4917F793C2DA389BE7150" authority="(Rüppell 1842)" baseAuthorityName="Rüppell" baseAuthorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1289" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dembeensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="3387820C364104DCBC361DA998C418E1" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">Arvicanthis dembeensis</emphasis>
|
||
(Rüppell 1842)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C49085C85CA849FDC2B68FA92F1B628B" authority="(Wagner 1842)" baseAuthorityName="Wagner" baseAuthorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1289" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="discolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="3E1D941BA163E8B06BED9D714824622D" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">Arvicanthis discolor</emphasis>
|
||
(Wagner 1842)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7CCA0CCC689AA0F49FD27B5B8E6E3B44" authority="Heller 1911" authorityName="Heller" authorityYear="1911" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1289" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jebelae">
|
||
<emphasis id="DC12AE18CDD5913EBCB7D8BDEF066D64" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">Arvicanthis jebelae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E74287CE7E412991A0ACA44C2B655B89" author="Heller, E." refId="ref146395" refString="Heller, E. 1911. New species of rodents and carnivores from equatorial Africa. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 56: 1 - 16." year="1911">Heller 1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21C8054BAD4305F2352FAF411E2E7006" authority="Wettstein 1916" authorityName="Wettstein" authorityYear="1916" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1289" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kordofanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="5440AEE8FAFA813071913D7AA683E85B" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">Arvicanthis kordofanensis</emphasis>
|
||
Wettstein 1916
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79BC7AAE672A09DE585199363BC473E6" authority="Dollman 1911" authorityName="Dollman" authorityYear="1911" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1289" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="luctuosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="21072D8BE45EE87096EC89189D2FEC20" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">Arvicanthis luctuosus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C50D664F24CE931C6367D1230F849D9F" author="Dollman, G." refId="ref87523" refString="Dollman, G. 1911. On Arvicanthis abyssinicus and allied East-African species, with descriptions of four new forms. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 8, 8: 334 - 353." year="1911">Dollman 1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="660D2978AF6CEB28E23D067ED51294FA" authority="(Sundevall 1843)" baseAuthorityName="Sundevall" baseAuthorityYear="1843" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1289" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="major">
|
||
<emphasis id="DC2568D4DE5349138B57F6AA82BC2B59" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">Arvicanthis major</emphasis>
|
||
(Sundevall 1843)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C56EF653CA6BB52E08EA69106608453B" authority="Frick 1914" authorityName="Frick" authorityYear="1914" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1289" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mearnsi">
|
||
<emphasis id="0D50DC999CF980E5D33375B86040BA79" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">Arvicanthis mearnsi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="40F1E3BC60BBC005AA13EC65A5417988" author="Frick, C." refId="ref109643" refString="Frick, C. 1914. A new genus and some new species and subspecies of Abyssinian rodents. Annals of Carnegie Museum, 9: 7 - 28." year="1914">Frick 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7662230DF10CE3925AC8B263E5CAD22C" authority="(Sundevall 1843)" baseAuthorityName="Sundevall" baseAuthorityYear="1843" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1289" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minor">
|
||
<emphasis id="1493C15606A68485806D7ECC4E1F8EC8" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">Arvicanthis minor</emphasis>
|
||
(Sundevall 1843)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="567CBC74261617806BBDC3486D2EBEED" authority="Matschie 1911" authorityName="Matschie" authorityYear="1911" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1289" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muansae">
|
||
<emphasis id="A973FB43B2B4591237375AA9B89A1145" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">Arvicanthis muansae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BB543604FC47C41B67FEBB228EB33F0F" author="Matschie, P." refId="ref230482" refString="Matschie, P. 1911. Uber einige Saugetiere aus Muansa am Victoria-Nyansa. Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde, Berlin, 8: 333 - 343." year="1911">Matschie 1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92E86F467BAC7217FF59179E168D0D7E" authority="Pocock 1934" authorityName="Pocock" authorityYear="1934" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1289" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="naso">
|
||
<emphasis id="A7D33DE4F5B0197318C8F14023FE624E" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">Arvicanthis naso</emphasis>
|
||
Pocock 1934
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DF1FCD8606EB94758024A3E2D52FC559" authority="Wroughton 1909" authorityName="Wroughton" authorityYear="1909" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1289" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nubilans">
|
||
<emphasis id="23A169049BF1142B1D237550A17E2B2C" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">Arvicanthis nubilans</emphasis>
|
||
Wroughton 1909
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EC410FBA21F1B18E047D1ECC8CEEEC4" authority="(Heuglin 1877)" baseAuthorityName="Heuglin" baseAuthorityYear="1877" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1289" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ochropus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FC446427B38F4EC6A4DA81C265AB1A6A" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">Arvicanthis ochropus</emphasis>
|
||
(Heuglin 1877)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="601192B0882BA79C93F82961DFFE0B61" authority="Thomas 1928" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1928" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1289" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pelliceus">
|
||
<emphasis id="68CDFD7906C4FBDB4BDB7DB3319267FF" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">Arvicanthis pelliceus</emphasis>
|
||
Thomas 1928
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DC5282A9C6063100325C77A67266CDE7" authority="Frick 1914" authorityName="Frick" authorityYear="1914" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1289" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="raffertyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="35EF911E27A9B09C46405C367F7EFE54" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">Arvicanthis raffertyi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C83EFAEB7CFFE8E4A99E7024313DB77" author="Frick, C." refId="ref109643" refString="Frick, C. 1914. A new genus and some new species and subspecies of Abyssinian rodents. Annals of Carnegie Museum, 9: 7 - 28." year="1914">Frick 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="944AE63279725FF46DD93A54DA28741B" authority="(Noack 1887)" baseAuthorityName="Noack" baseAuthorityYear="1887" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1289" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reichardi">
|
||
<emphasis id="AEBA7E0D2E5C6701D0230CC6A4602513" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">Arvicanthis reichardi</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B41FABAE5E75B0AADCF288B5D80225E7" author="Noack, R." refId="ref261991" refString="Noack, R. 1887. Beitrage zur kenntniss der saugethier-fauna von Ost- und Central-Afrika. Zoologische Jahrbucher, 2: 246 - 248." year="1887">Noack 1887</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E69B8675D64731F08101A68AF9E2AF58" authority="St. Leger 1932" authorityName="St. Leger" authorityYear="1932" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1289" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rhodesiae">
|
||
<emphasis id="6917AD4B8A8B99827976317156D6CAD5" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">Arvicanthis rhodesiae</emphasis>
|
||
St. Leger 1932
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EE6F4441F5FEFAFFE186E6930B187953" authority="de Beaux 1925" authorityName="de Beaux" authorityYear="1925" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1289" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rossii">
|
||
<emphasis id="6F0FB0A4895F056956DBEFB34CDCCA9B" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">Arvicanthis rossii</emphasis>
|
||
de Beaux 1925
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="710C3923875B238206F60EB606FF8BDF" authority="Wroughton 1909" authorityName="Wroughton" authorityYear="1909" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1289" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubescens">
|
||
<emphasis id="7DCC3DDA70CDE0B06089F105E11ACA1F" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">Arvicanthis rubescens</emphasis>
|
||
Wroughton 1909
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="210F29548E4FAC695727D93779FB73DF" authority="Thomas 1925" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1925" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1289" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="solatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="53690B40514D9082882BE824F0DF8DFE" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">Arvicanthis solatus</emphasis>
|
||
Thomas 1925
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="36730CFD86869990D68370D3983A60B5" authority="Kershaw 1923" authorityName="Kershaw" authorityYear="1923" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1289" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tenebrosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="447C52D0EEF32D3F4ECA300763B9E0AA" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">Arvicanthis tenebrosus</emphasis>
|
||
Kershaw 1923
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6AA4E2E96530DF450EAC7040F849E2C7" authority="(Sundevall 1843)" baseAuthorityName="Sundevall" baseAuthorityYear="1843" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1289" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="testicularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="926B80B062E7611FE3B7598D0DB2693A" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">Arvicanthis testicularis</emphasis>
|
||
(Sundevall 1843)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="404191AE28F45525BA2FC47B6E8FC4FC" authority="(Lichtenstein 1823)" baseAuthorityName="Lichtenstein" baseAuthorityYear="1823" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1289" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="variegatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3B85D231564E6E67157CBCDEDD330F0B" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">Arvicanthis variegatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Lichtenstein 1823)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E5157BEE1297DDC28254EF122F70E43" authority="Dollman 1911" authorityName="Dollman" authorityYear="1911" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1289" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zaphiri">
|
||
<emphasis id="3DD4EA39F7896A2C9DD063798589C735" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">Arvicanthis zaphiri</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C2E9FC0CC2648203D263B70F64B1985F" author="Dollman, G." refId="ref87523" refString="Dollman, G. 1911. On Arvicanthis abyssinicus and allied East-African species, with descriptions of four new forms. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 8, 8: 334 - 353." year="1911">Dollman 1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B3A533D5F813F1775A8CF1837EF129C5" pageNumber="1289" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="85C8A02B0AE1F8B5918CE0081711E8D1" pageNumber="1289">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD393B95FC633E67EB63EFE97A67B293" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="1289">Distribution:</emphasis>
|
||
Grassland and bush of Sahelian and northern Sudanian savannas, steppe, and semidesert in subsaharan N Africa, primarily in anthropogenic habitats, from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="EC0EF08334CCA6656AE690874AA09E7E" name="Senegal">Senegal</collectingCountry>
|
||
(north of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="40E818F374D5E1B42E53D79585F39F9E" name="Gambia">Gambia</collectingCountry>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="E444CAE63F753CB160EFC8B5404B3F40" country="Gambia" name="Upper River">River</collectingRegion>
|
||
), S
|
||
<collectingCountry id="6DE17D8A1E1567C0F026ADD0CBB1B645" name="Mauritania">Mauritania</collectingCountry>
|
||
eastward through
|
||
<collectingCountry id="1CA0156FF561A8E187F626DE82002CC9" name="Serbia">Mali</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B69E1F992B7A8DA86FDC6B6CBBDF1391" name="Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</collectingCountry>
|
||
, C and S
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5E84C8400654274A0FD7B69604402B4F" name="Niger">Niger</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E5BB4ED440D4AC987A7B5ADB3F371D53" author="Dobigny, G. & V. Aniskin & V. Volobouev" refId="ref86281" refString="Dobigny, G., V. Aniskin, and V. Volobouev. 2002 a. Explosive chromosome evolution and speciation in the gerbil genus Taterillus (Rodentia, Gerbillinae): A case of two new cryptic species. Cytogenetic and Genome Research, 96: 117 - 124." year="2002">
|
||
Dobigny et al., 2002
|
||
<emphasis id="018D8E3CB7931868FDA9E8D03607651B" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">a</emphasis>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and C and S
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9D23F13B051B18B0071279D3A295CBD4" name="Chad">Chad</collectingCountry>
|
||
to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="198A92521DE36A6371A80533C3C82356" name="Sudan">Sudan</collectingCountry>
|
||
and western half and EC portion of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="541AE200EE1DC8D78DEE40EC90E60B45" name="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Bâ et al., 2001;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C0C6BFF7902CA0A2EC49BE995A8FC345" author="Corti, M. & M. V. Civitelli & R. Castiglia & A. Bekele & E. Capanna" refId="ref68609" refString="Corti, M., M. V. Civitelli, R. Castiglia, A. Bekele, and E. Capanna. 1996 b. Cytogenetics of the genus Arvicanthis (Rodentia, Muridae). 2. The chromosomes of three species from Ethiopia: A. abyssinicus, A. dembeensis and A. blicki. Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde, 61: 339 - 351." year="1996">
|
||
Corti et al., 1996
|
||
<emphasis id="BAB205DE9EECCBC8542767A739DA845F" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">b</emphasis>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="60E4BF928FAA47D93B504F9F974C575B" baseAuthorityName="Rüppell" baseAuthorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dembeensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="923A2440F241C84CFA3EC9E8E0F2805D" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">dembeensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DA6939FAC4ED6CFF4B8030D39A0138F8" author="Dobigny, G. & S. Moulin & R. Cornette & J. - C. Gautun" refId="ref86151" refString="Dobigny, G., S. Moulin, R. Cornette, and J. - C. Gautun. 2001 a. Rodents from Adrar des Iforas, Mali. Chromosomal data. Mammalia, 65 (2): 215 - 220." year="2001">
|
||
Dobigny et al., 2001
|
||
<emphasis id="40AD5861FD64D2D26837147657EE1047" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">a, b</emphasis>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2D2ADAAFAC3C1E80A61796B204FFEE19" author="Granjon, L. & J. - M. Duplantier & J. Catalan & J. Britton-Davidian" refId="ref126837" refString="Granjon, L., J. - M. Duplantier, J. Catalan, and J. Britton-Davidian. 1992. Karyotypic data on rodents from Senegal. Israel Journal of Zoology, 38: 263 - 276." year="1992">Granjon et al., 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 2002
|
||
<emphasis id="D3BB43E7A5C79722BC840420F7C1E8B9" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">b</emphasis>
|
||
; Osborn and Hemy, 1980;); north along the Nile Valley through
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C4AA5A4DF935E1BCD05BDC9762FA7906" name="Egypt">Egypt</collectingCountry>
|
||
; south through NE Dem. Rep.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="EBFBB8A55AFEB26C6999D793F1DE4232" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo">Congo</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E12B4AD9A5C91E8F7E5F6D5B92078528" name="Uganda">Uganda</collectingCountry>
|
||
, S
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A3D936B7FE4C1388D5173FE6537D8823" name="Burundi">Burundi</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and W
|
||
<collectingCountry id="042CECD9E9BBD260896A114A1A9C4A10" name="Tanzania">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
|
||
into E Zamibia, where the population is isolated from the nearest one in SW
|
||
<collectingCountry id="41F0A2A5ACB8B7176A3C7D38994A51D6" name="Tanzania">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="18A84C57D53E95944D78FBF664AA9570" author="Ansell, W. F. H." refId="ref11178" refString="Ansell, W. F. H. 1978. The mammals of Zambia. National Parks and Wildlife Service, Chilanga, 126 pp." year="1978">Ansell, 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). There is a record from N
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9C7782968BF0F9B502BFEA1765AB81E1" name="Malawi">Malawi</collectingCountry>
|
||
(1 skull only, living animals never found;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="919BA6DBE48E06FA3A45048AFA918EFF" author="Ansell, W. F. H. & R. J. Dowsett" refId="ref11419" refString="Ansell, W. F. H., and R. J. Dowsett. 1988. Mammals of Malawi: An annotated check list and atlas. Trendrine Press, Zennor, St. Ives, United Kingdom, 170 pp." year="1988">Ansell and Dowsett, 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and the species also occurs in SW Arabian Peninsula (
|
||
<collectionCode id="443E73028264C180B4D0F1530DD054D5">SW</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="ECF83D48B99A7277F38C58C24998D707" name="Yemen">Yemen</collectingCountry>
|
||
and W
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0D93C8E33D265FE02CFED1414C5A0326" name="Oman">Oman</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A13378021790798EFE4BA348AE63719B" author="Al-Jumaily, M. M." refId="ref4335" refString="Al-Jumaily, M. M. 1998. Review of the mammals of the Republic of Yemen. Fauna of Arabia, 17: 477 - 502." year="1998">Al-Jumaily, 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3C5BC4D52F62184A043BA0B5469584E9" author="Snowden, P. & P. J. J. Bates & D. L. Harrison & M. R. Brown" refId="ref332317" refString="Snowden, P., P. J. J. Bates, D. L. Harrison, and M. R. Brown. 2000. Recent records of bats and rodents from Oman including three species new to the country. Fauna of Arabia, 18: 397 - 407." year="2000">Snowden et al., 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; and references cited therein). The only truly Saharan record is from SE
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3F3A67DCACCF8AAED032E9FDE664C515" name="Algeria">Algeria</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Hoggar), and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3BD0319155A91D1B612F4BBAFE427DC5" author="Dobigny, G. & S. Moulin & R. Cornette & J. - C. Gautun" refId="ref86151" refString="Dobigny, G., S. Moulin, R. Cornette, and J. - C. Gautun. 2001 a. Rodents from Adrar des Iforas, Mali. Chromosomal data. Mammalia, 65 (2): 215 - 220." year="2001">
|
||
Dobigny et al. (2001
|
||
<emphasis id="A2683166CF5AEEC975056D0AF147FC62" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">a</emphasis>
|
||
:216)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
speculated that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="071BDF736FDEB4AA10CF145FA759D9EA" authorityName="É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" authorityYear="1803" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lemmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niloticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F479AB72FB74681470DFAD90F48247BC" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">A. niloticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
"may persist across the whole Sahara, but only in some massifs or wadies where ecological conditions are more of the subdesert and/or steppe
|
||
<typeStatus id="AD7DC9D0CBA5AFBFA97FE2EEA5067697">types</typeStatus>
|
||
than purely arid. Gardens also seem to be a good refuge for this species, and its commensalism may also explain its maintaining across the Sahara, via relictual populations." In
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F91F832E22E5E8DBF8744E314519B8BC" name="Niger">Niger</collectingCountry>
|
||
, the species was frequently encountered "in most wild bushy areas, gardens, villages and towns" (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C5F500DFEF876E22481625AC10C63886" author="Dobigny, G. & A. Nomao & J. - C. Gautun" refId="ref86333" refString="Dobigny, G., A. Nomao, and J. - C. Gautun. 2002 b. A cytotaxonomic survey of rodents from Niger: Implications for systematics, biodiversity and biogeography. Mammalia, 66 (4): 495 - 523." year="2002">
|
||
Dobigny et al., 2002
|
||
<emphasis id="FAB5779D76813D56DF8440625470E19F" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">b</emphasis>
|
||
:498
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="15D5B3D963ABF9F1E5E868EC86C0ABD3" pageNumber="1289" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="922B77DAF7E27FED2F138C53C4EF87FF" pageNumber="1289">
|
||
<emphasis id="EE5927683FDBFE00517D088502856683" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="1289">Conservation:</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="81EF36ED277850A12B883DB3E4148FAA">IUCN</collectionCode>
|
||
– Lower Risk (lc).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="7BA195CFDEEDAB52EEEF423E627ADE20" pageNumber="1289" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="A6B335CE4EEECB6DB8D331F5D4023C84" pageNumber="1289">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FEBD4B54B7292220F29EF0285492919" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="1289">Discussion:</emphasis>
|
||
<paragraph id="2A78CA9F3D0CFC40C492979168D504A7" pageNumber="1289">
|
||
2n = 62, FNa = 62 or 64 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CBE0462CBD66C46F43947A24A1D57D9D" author="Corti, M. & M. V. Civitelli & R. Castiglia & A. Bekele & E. Capanna" refId="ref68609" refString="Corti, M., M. V. Civitelli, R. Castiglia, A. Bekele, and E. Capanna. 1996 b. Cytogenetics of the genus Arvicanthis (Rodentia, Muridae). 2. The chromosomes of three species from Ethiopia: A. abyssinicus, A. dembeensis and A. blicki. Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde, 61: 339 - 351." year="1996">
|
||
Corti et al., 1996
|
||
<emphasis id="B1D81CE6AB78977EAE207B1B209A29AF" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">b</emphasis>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2A94C51BC990C11DA189A6AB47766B1E" baseAuthorityName="Rüppell" baseAuthorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dembeensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="65A0CB4BF7C980ED09E99C7F3FFC1292" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">dembeensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="530F7A5518825869B6F09A7EBF121685" author="Volobouev, V. T. & J. - F. Ducroz & V. M. Aniskin & J. Britton-Davidian & R. Castiglia & G. Dobigny & L. Granjon & M. Lombard & M. Corti & B. Sicard & E. Capanna" refId="ref376170" refString="Volobouev, V. T., J. - F. Ducroz, V. M. Aniskin, J. Britton-Davidian, R. Castiglia, G. Dobigny, L. Granjon, M. Lombard, M. Corti, B. Sicard, and E. Capanna. 2002 a. Chromosomal characterisation of Arvicanthis species (Rodentia, Murinae) from western and central Africa: Implications on taxonomy. Cytogenetics and Genome Research, 96: 250 - 260." year="2002">
|
||
Volobouev et al., 2002
|
||
<emphasis id="437A6370E20196C6737C77F9FC4933DC" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">a</emphasis>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This is the species identified by the chromosomal cytotype ANI-1 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="25AE9D1399389D5FCB11E3F316639A03" author="Volobouev, V. T. & E. Viegas-Pequignot & M. Lombard & F. Petter & J. - M. Duplantier & B. Dutrillaux" refId="ref375783" refString="Volobouev, V. T., E. Viegas-Pequignot, M. Lombard, F. Petter, J. - M. Duplantier, and B. Dutrillaux. 1988 a. Chromosomal evidence for a polytypic structure of Arvicanthis niloticus (Rodentia, Muridae). Zeitschrift fur Zoologische Systematik und Evolution Forschung, 26: 276 - 285." year="1988">
|
||
Volobouev et al., 1988
|
||
<emphasis id="27D2018DA7B7F77C11B8788911630A56" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">a</emphasis>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; see review in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2B7A30C7F3A38AFCD8B2CEB8628D602B" author="Ducroz, J. - F. & L. Granjon & P. Chevret & J. M. Duplantier & M. Lombard & V. Volobouev" refId="ref89195" refString="Ducroz, J. - F., L. Granjon, P. Chevret, J. M. Duplantier, M. Lombard, and V. Volobouev. 1997. Characterization of two distinct species of Arvicanthis (Rodentia: Muridae) in West Africa: Cytogenetic, molecular and reproductive evidence. Journal of Zoology, London, 241: 709 - 723." year="1997">Ducroz et al., 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) with two different forms identifying a different FN: ANI-1a (FNa = 62) in samples east of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8C6E7F7372FD0E3472F037BC82DA1B76" name="Serbia">Mali</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CF6D778F45584E3B76F287823DDBAA0F" name="Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</collectingCountry>
|
||
to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9354B2D4693C7049C51886F306854EFE" name="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0064BFC161053C3530276488B46DD0AF" name="Egypt">Egypt</collectingCountry>
|
||
, including the type locality; and ANI-1b (FNa = 64), found west of there (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1D88A99C62055097954F03867DCFFFA9" author="Volobouev, V. T. & J. - F. Ducroz & V. M. Aniskin & J. Britton-Davidian & R. Castiglia & G. Dobigny & L. Granjon & M. Lombard & M. Corti & B. Sicard & E. Capanna" refId="ref376170" refString="Volobouev, V. T., J. - F. Ducroz, V. M. Aniskin, J. Britton-Davidian, R. Castiglia, G. Dobigny, L. Granjon, M. Lombard, M. Corti, B. Sicard, and E. Capanna. 2002 a. Chromosomal characterisation of Arvicanthis species (Rodentia, Murinae) from western and central Africa: Implications on taxonomy. Cytogenetics and Genome Research, 96: 250 - 260." year="2002">
|
||
Volobouev et al., 2002
|
||
<emphasis id="75AA189BDBA96D61E5B4AF8DD69D75AA" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">a</emphasis>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Specimens with FNa = 66 were identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="17D63B7B0A1060F1D2DC6AD62A57EEC3" baseAuthorityName="Rüppell" baseAuthorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dembeensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A66CB745705C533CA6A930A03E1DF9CC" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">dembeensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7F935C1886F51397C461DC7D80868F40" author="Orlov, V. N. & M. I. Baskevich & N. Sh. Bulatova" refId="ref267548" refString="Orlov, V. N., M. I. Baskevich, and N. Sh. Bulatova. 1992 a. [Chromosomal sets of rats of the genus Arvicanthis (Rodentia, Muridae) from Ethiopia.] Zoologicheskii Zhurnal, 71 (2): 103 - 112 (in Russian with English summary)." year="1992">
|
||
Orlov et al. (1992
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD98263D231D3A6630EEB03BF28EA5F" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">a</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and others (see references in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C99892A14B6D8766F300C545501CA787" author="Baskevich, M. I. & L. A. Lavrenchenko" refId="ref22748" refString="Baskevich, M. I., and L. A. Lavrenchenko. 2000. Review of karyological studies and the problems of systematics of Ethiopian Arvicanthis Lesson, 1842 (Rodentia: Muridae). Pp. 209 - 215, in Isolated vertebrate communities in the tropics (G. Rheinwald, ed.). Bonner Zoologische Monographie, 46, 400 pp." year="2000">Baskevich and Lavrenchenko, 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Closest phylogenetic relationships of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="41650F0DBA7C4C25C2F26F1F7D767C32" authorityName="É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" authorityYear="1803" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lemmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niloticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D65248D057892212335EF917FA3BD4D4" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">A. niloticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
appears to be with the Ethiopian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7E34C7C4C3C8412234D4B79C8075AC6D" authorityName="Rüppell" authorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="abyssinicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6620E7E2BFE671CBA72F25B93BD6B702" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">A. abyssinicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, judged by analysis of chromosomal, allozymic, and morphometric data along with mtDNA cytochrome
|
||
<emphasis id="168032CCF519FC56399BD689E14EB161" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">b</emphasis>
|
||
sequences (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="74D7347FDF13C2BBCFF6A5D888BCCA4A" author="Capanna, E. & A. Bekele & M. Capula & R. Castiglia & M. V. Civitelli & J. T. Cl. Codjia & M. Corti & C. Fadda" refId="ref50962" refString="Capanna, E., A. Bekele, M. Capula, R. Castiglia, M. V. Civitelli, J. T. Cl. Codjia, M. Corti, and C. Fadda. 1996 b. A multidisciplinary approach to the systematics of the genus Arvicanthis Lesson, 1842 (Rodentia, Murinae). Mammalia, 60 (40): 677 - 696." year="1996">
|
||
Capanna et al., 1996
|
||
<emphasis id="7F90B2B6C3F35DF50622A161091FED34" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">b</emphasis>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2F845463AB72B31306D6E268BA986623" author="Capula, M. & M. V. Civitelli & M. Corti & A. Bekele & E. Capanna" refId="ref51137" refString="Capula, M., M. V. Civitelli, M. Corti, A. Bekele, and E. Capanna. 1997. Genetic divergence in the genus Arvicanthis (Rodentia: Murinae). Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 25 (5): 403 - 409." year="1997">Capula et al., 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D2C70F87BCE7F4BD20B5823989BB2624" author="Corti, M. & M. V. Civitelli & R. Castiglia & A. Bekele & E. Capanna" refId="ref68609" refString="Corti, M., M. V. Civitelli, R. Castiglia, A. Bekele, and E. Capanna. 1996 b. Cytogenetics of the genus Arvicanthis (Rodentia, Muridae). 2. The chromosomes of three species from Ethiopia: A. abyssinicus, A. dembeensis and A. blicki. Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde, 61: 339 - 351." year="1996">
|
||
Corti et al., 1996
|
||
<emphasis id="E4626056CC0EEC4B2B769283E6866055" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">b</emphasis>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D6CE61E1DE88A2D0D17DBE715DAB9EB1" author="Ducroz, J. - F. & V. Bolobouev & L. Granjon" refId="ref89263" refString="Ducroz, J. - F., V. Bolobouev, and L. Granjon. 1998. A molecular perspective on the systematics and evolution of the genus Arvicanthis (Rodentia, Muridae): Inferences from complete cytochrome b sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 10 (1): 104 - 117." year="1998">Ducroz et al., 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Fadda and Corti, 2001;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEDC9D859B99A5ECAA385F297805155A" authorityName="É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" authorityYear="1803" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lemmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niloticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="96D2EB5178937051C5EF905E8659F156" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">niloticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was reported as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="828E522D292371F21037B3D562E587EB" baseAuthorityName="Rüppell" baseAuthorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dembeensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="92EDBEB66E1DDA212F8958CFD178403C" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">dembeensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in most of these reports).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="ACFCB5487C271A483FAD4B511F31010B" pageNumber="1289">
|
||
In 1993, Musser and Carleton reported dissatisfaction with their definition of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BAA4D801412FF7A258C77D5EBB166E7" authorityName="É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" authorityYear="1803" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lemmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niloticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3D805B86CA914998992B9282B88A66D3" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">A. niloticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(which included
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E11397F4116B639929A2DFD6DCA0A927" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1910" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ansorgei">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB7B08CAE34ADC4B11E46DE4345970B" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">A. ansorgei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D6BD792B27DBE26B8FE7A95852380046" authorityName="Temminck" authorityYear="1853" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rufinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6F819247499AF6291DAAD3B52A007E60" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">A. rufinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), noting appreciable intra- and interpopulational variation in body size, pelage coloration, and cytological and biochemical traits, and speculated that more than one species may be present in the complex, as also suggested by the morphometric (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E90EF7036847E7DC450F912FF45FB1E2" author="Rousseau, M." refId="ref311222" refString="Rousseau, M. 1983. Etude des Arvicanthis du Museum de Paris par analyses factorielles (Rongeurs, Murides). Mammalia, 47: 525 - 542." year="1983">Rousseau, 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), chromosomal (Viegas-Péquignot et al., 1983;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F8FF8AA48905B540739DDC645A483702" author="Volobouev, V. T. & E. Viegas-Pequignot & F. Petter & B. Dutrillaux" refId="ref375738" refString="Volobouev, V. T., E. Viegas-Pequignot, F. Petter, and B. Dutrillaux. 1987. Karyotypic diversity and taxonomic problems in the genus Arvicanthis (Rodentia, Muridae). Genetica, 72: 147 - 150." year="1987">Volobouev et al., 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and electrophoretic (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="87E81EEEA8760C6D40FF67527F748A0D" author="Kaminski, M. & M. Rousseau & F. Petter" refId="ref179566" refString="Kaminski, M., M. Rousseau, and F. Petter. 1984. Electrophoretic studies on blood proteins of Arvicanthis niloticus. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 12: 215 - 224." year="1984">Kaminski et al., 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) analyses available at the time. Subsequent analyses of a combination of data sets has been used to separate
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9FBAF8F07CEC0A5D9A638E49712685BE" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1910" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ansorgei">
|
||
<emphasis id="37A2649CE13F418DE7C93E9DBCE6A947" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">A. ansorgei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AAF454FB1126687453C596D137A9CB37" authorityName="Temminck" authorityYear="1853" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rufinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39CC0E6D94FF1ACD0F8EF0F8F4AFF3EB" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">A. rufinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A90D6918246481B42610CA8BA20AEF42" authorityName="É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" authorityYear="1803" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lemmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niloticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="17F81AAB02919FB02EA14A4A77FDFE66" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">A. niloticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see those accounts) and identify a third yet unnamed species from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="141D57D6E526F2E976862C31CF1410FD" name="Central African Republic">Central African Republic</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Ducroz, 1998;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="488E2A0056F1B2892EDC40A1E003A945" author="Ducroz, J. - F. & L. Granjon & P. Chevret & J. M. Duplantier & M. Lombard & V. Volobouev" refId="ref89195" refString="Ducroz, J. - F., L. Granjon, P. Chevret, J. M. Duplantier, M. Lombard, and V. Volobouev. 1997. Characterization of two distinct species of Arvicanthis (Rodentia: Muridae) in West Africa: Cytogenetic, molecular and reproductive evidence. Journal of Zoology, London, 241: 709 - 723." year="1997">Ducroz et al., 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 1998; Fadda and Corti, 2001;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="23CFDF4B2391FC22B5F30A617C7F7031" author="Volobouev, V. T. & J. - F. Ducroz & V. M. Aniskin & J. Britton-Davidian & R. Castiglia & G. Dobigny & L. Granjon & M. Lombard & M. Corti & B. Sicard & E. Capanna" refId="ref376170" refString="Volobouev, V. T., J. - F. Ducroz, V. M. Aniskin, J. Britton-Davidian, R. Castiglia, G. Dobigny, L. Granjon, M. Lombard, M. Corti, B. Sicard, and E. Capanna. 2002 a. Chromosomal characterisation of Arvicanthis species (Rodentia, Murinae) from western and central Africa: Implications on taxonomy. Cytogenetics and Genome Research, 96: 250 - 260." year="2002">
|
||
Volobouev et al., 2002
|
||
<emphasis id="AED6A6DD2F32725628D89176C150533D" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">a</emphasis>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Furthermore, the geometric morphometric analysis by Fadda and Corti (2001) has questioned the identity of samples from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="65A19415DD71FBB87F795407DDFDB834" name="Uganda">Uganda</collectingCountry>
|
||
and E
|
||
<collectingCountry id="048D852A1A47AC4F83A2F4D2A1D65730" name="Tanzania">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
|
||
that we consider to be
|
||
<taxonomicName id="54EBBDA1AC1F9E4A7B6EC0119EF1B60B" authorityName="É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" authorityYear="1803" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lemmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niloticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5580CBBCF8DFEB072725D2200A111796" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">A. niloticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
so our definition of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="45061E04AD1199401E601D16191E0A64" authorityName="É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" authorityYear="1803" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lemmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niloticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEA057E439C93D57AD4CD2CBED7EEDB9" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">A. niloticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may still be paraphyletic; additional study of samples from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BEE5F557E99F169C646D6D1AEEBA257D" name="Uganda">Uganda</collectingCountry>
|
||
and E
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5AE6F5997DF0350B7A637CE31DC88187" name="Tanzania">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
|
||
(which should include the NE Zambian population) employing data from morphology, chromosomes, and gene sequences is certainly warranted.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="60BD07AABAD5E8CF770E976C8C736BAA" pageNumber="1289">
|
||
Our inclusion of two synonyms require amplification. One is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="53FC5FC60F64CE2B138A137C7BEFE4D6" baseAuthorityName="Rüppell" baseAuthorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dembeensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="AB67E09A0C5DDAA9EDBFD3915953290D" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">dembeensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(type locality, Deraske, Lake Tana, N
|
||
<collectingCountry id="59BFDAA7FF78A2E36E89DF51D29B423C" name="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
|
||
), which has been recognized as a distinct species occurring in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A89A79BB0A704BB2475206BC1F54BAB9" name="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and nearby regions (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="878EE4C29B499C06EEE45485ACCA50A8" author="Demeter, A." refId="ref80725" refString="Demeter, A. 1983. Taxonomical notes on Arvicanthis (Mammalia: Muridae) from the Ethiopian Rift Valley). Pp. 129 - 136, in Proceedings of the Third International Colloquium on the Ecology and Taxonomy of African Small Mammals (E. Van der Straeten, W. N. Verheyen, and F. De Vree, eds.). Annales Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren-Belgique, ser. 8 (Sciences Zoologiques), 237: 1 - 227." year="1983">Demeter, 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7D6A16ECA5D3055A0F3271942EADA3C1" author="Yalden, D. W. & M. J. Largen & D. Kock" refId="ref397218" refString="Yalden, D. W., M. J. Largen, and D. Kock. 1976. Catalogue of the mammals of Ethiopia. 2. Insectivora and Rodentia. Monitore Zoologico Italiano, Supplemento 8 (1): 1 - 118." year="1976">Yalden et al., 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="67257A5F6F92FE84637220B02F464DBD" author="Yalden, D. W. & M. J. Largen & D. Kock & J. C. Hillman" refId="ref397425" refString="Yalden, D. W., M. J. Largen, D. Kock and J. C. Hillman. 1996. Catalogue of the mammals of Ethiopia and Eritrea. 7. Revised checklist, zoogeography and conservation. Tropical Zoology, 9: 73 - 164." year="1996">1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;) and treated as a distinct species in recent results of chromosomal, molecular, and morphometric analyses (Baskevich and Lavrenchenko, 1994, 2000;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="66C41C3711CB778FDBCEFF22F4DEF94C" author="Bekele, A. & E. Capanna & M. Corti & L. F. Marcus & D. A. Schlitter" refId="ref26335" refString="Bekele, A., E. Capanna, M. Corti, L. F. Marcus, and D. A. Schlitter. 1993. Systematics and geographic variation of Ethiopian Arvicanthis (Rodentia, Muridae). Journal of Zoology, London, 230: 117 - 134." year="1993">Bekele et al., 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="68BE6E8734E19414F464F30B3CDB9FBF" author="Bulatova, N. & L. Lavrenchenko & V. Orlov & A. Milishnikov" refId="ref46359" refString="Bulatova, N., L. Lavrenchenko, V. Orlov, and A. Milishnikov. 2002. Notes on chromosomal identification of rodent species in western Ethiopia. Mammalia, 66 (1): 128 - 132." year="2002">Bulatova et al., 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7EC4A0DAFA681DD1BF13A7FC57E06D0B" author="Capanna, E. & A. Bekele & M. Capula & R. Castiglia & M. V. Civitelli & J. T. Cl. Codjia & M. Corti & C. Fadda" refId="ref50962" refString="Capanna, E., A. Bekele, M. Capula, R. Castiglia, M. V. Civitelli, J. T. Cl. Codjia, M. Corti, and C. Fadda. 1996 b. A multidisciplinary approach to the systematics of the genus Arvicanthis Lesson, 1842 (Rodentia, Murinae). Mammalia, 60 (40): 677 - 696." year="1996">
|
||
Capanna et al., 1996
|
||
<emphasis id="7761FA2D5E841B4B737946539991F094" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">b</emphasis>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BA04903D973C427718CBC5788C4F4FA7" author="Capula, M. & M. V. Civitelli & M. Corti & A. Bekele & E. Capanna" refId="ref51137" refString="Capula, M., M. V. Civitelli, M. Corti, A. Bekele, and E. Capanna. 1997. Genetic divergence in the genus Arvicanthis (Rodentia: Murinae). Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 25 (5): 403 - 409." year="1997">Capula et al., 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Corti and Fadda, 1996;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FBE62D7527F6945CA07ABEBA4DBEADBB" author="Corti, M. & M. V. Civitelli & R. Castiglia & A. Bekele & E. Capanna" refId="ref68609" refString="Corti, M., M. V. Civitelli, R. Castiglia, A. Bekele, and E. Capanna. 1996 b. Cytogenetics of the genus Arvicanthis (Rodentia, Muridae). 2. The chromosomes of three species from Ethiopia: A. abyssinicus, A. dembeensis and A. blicki. Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde, 61: 339 - 351." year="1996">
|
||
Corti et al., 1996
|
||
<emphasis id="901CC8BF7CC8BF7A756039A418A612AD" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">b</emphasis>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="44A3A3507466C317DA07FA3B6611CA13" author="Orlov, V. N. & M. I. Baskevich & N. Sh. Bulatova" refId="ref267548" refString="Orlov, V. N., M. I. Baskevich, and N. Sh. Bulatova. 1992 a. [Chromosomal sets of rats of the genus Arvicanthis (Rodentia, Muridae) from Ethiopia.] Zoologicheskii Zhurnal, 71 (2): 103 - 112 (in Russian with English summary)." year="1992">
|
||
Orlov et al., 1992
|
||
<emphasis id="ED08F2CE22B41A89329C45CD7E65302D" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">a</emphasis>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DF421A3588F66638042896C143455CD5" author="Thomas, O." refId="ref353297" refString="Thomas, O. 1910 b. Further new African Mammalia. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 8, 5: 282 - 285." year="1910">
|
||
Thomas (1910
|
||
<emphasis id="B19FD40BF9CBDBF76A12091238F9152D" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">b</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
had once associated
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8F9FC616C99454716049FB4CE2E7BC6D" baseAuthorityName="Rüppell" baseAuthorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dembeensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="532F14D0B31ED832ACF8BAD4F1136559" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">dembeensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B02A0734F64EAD65C130AEC220AD126" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1910" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Desmomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="13BB27F2D91BB988E8C160C20CFCEC67" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">Desmomys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, noting that it had alredy been referred to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A0E3BD800BC66E6575F03EA3561CA6DA" baseAuthorityName="Kock and Nader" baseAuthorityYear="1990" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D97E14102887BB6DD715F3C5DD9F5E75" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">Mus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2ACB6CDF83831C949369F0E5301F5290" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0AEDA8D779C5DF9F66BDF1D7AEBC357A" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">Arvicanthis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C42558CF343536A4ADAB45C18A3CB581" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1837" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Golunda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7F4323D185BCC1DBDCC0B0F519D2221E" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">Golunda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84B580DB94AC7C8FE9BB7094BB5D3D4B" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1852" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Pelomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C3E653BD1C0B4C1D611A46BCA97B3795" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">Pelomys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8751D78727688A6A766D8881BDC2B9DE" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1904" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Oenomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EF407C88B27612A7E6C9FF7F113D9350" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">Oenomys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Later, however, he (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6ACBB15E470B81978BDD43173B2DC501" author="Thomas, O." refId="ref355446" refString="Thomas, O. 1928 a. Some rarities from Abyssinia, with the description of a new mole-rat (Tachyoryctes), and a new Arvicanthis. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 10, 1: 302 - 304." year="1928">
|
||
Thomas, 1928
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D799648F8F0C48E3142EE5FC1DC2A6" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">a</emphasis>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) referred
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47038EFC0F9BAA7C72E345C1F9894458" baseAuthorityName="Rüppell" baseAuthorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dembeensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EB71D903523B0A2144D9B40BA5F91CF" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">dembeensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7268CB995FC64FF76584796AA570ABA" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1482FFD918F04359AC76E44FE54B40C7" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">Arvicanthis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a view confirmed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="28CC296B4FDD1FF8B4E97494BC9F0112" author="Osgood, W. H." refId="ref269005" refString="Osgood, W. H. 1936. New and imperfectly known small mammals from Africa. Field Museum of Natural History, Zoological Series, 20: 217 - 256." year="1936">Osgood (1936)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and reinforced by Dieterlen (1974). The name
|
||
<emphasis id="08B8AFD92C92387E907D0D0965F153F0" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">lacernatus</emphasis>
|
||
was once used in place of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F344178A23CE3AFA978615AEE7EC9C33" baseAuthorityName="Rüppell" baseAuthorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dembeensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="27088F832FC92B990107BFA62A295795" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">dembeensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for the Ethiopian samples of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4596528BA298B4380717F2E08A4D13F9" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EBAAE8A4A7BD817EDEDFA06395AF6A9" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">Arvicanthis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(G. M.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2973C736F74E7DF7029AC82013D94E66" author="Allen, G. M." refId="ref4894" refString="Allen, G. M. 1939. A checklist of African mammals. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 83: 1 - 763." year="1939">Allen, 1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E5DD290B3EB9C48328AF80639E18E844" author="Corbet, G. B. & D. W. Yalden" refId="ref68078" refString="Corbet, G. B., and D. W. Yalden. 1972. Recent records of mammals (other than bats) from Ethiopia. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology Series, 22 (8): 213 - 252." year="1972">Corbet and Yalden, 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="996523BA31C43F4CD035E33D06ACE08D" author="Osgood, W. H." refId="ref269005" refString="Osgood, W. H. 1936. New and imperfectly known small mammals from Africa. Field Museum of Natural History, Zoological Series, 20: 217 - 256." year="1936">Osgood, 1936</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) but cranium of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="80908398F5844A8E3921E9158B10197E">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
is an example of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2B06356247818773AB2468FC6EB85C91" authority="(Yalden et al., 1976)" baseAuthorityName="Yalden" baseAuthorityYear="1976" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Meriones" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="8885D09CF60DDF1869F69028C8C0B64C" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">Meriones</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3301402761B550FB489DAFC56E04758A" author="Yalden, D. W. & M. J. Largen & D. Kock" refId="ref397218" refString="Yalden, D. W., M. J. Largen, and D. Kock. 1976. Catalogue of the mammals of Ethiopia. 2. Insectivora and Rodentia. Monitore Zoologico Italiano, Supplemento 8 (1): 1 - 118." year="1976">Yalden et al., 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5BB7643453D5C4A9C2BF5897CA4CBCC2" baseAuthorityName="Rüppell" baseAuthorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dembeensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="476E3A96CFFCEBCE30635959653F8103" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">Arvicanthis dembeensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was thought to be a separate species because Ethiopian samples were originally contrasted by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="080D1D37A5C9240D5178055F297A9953" author="Corbet, G. B. & D. W. Yalden" refId="ref68078" refString="Corbet, G. B., and D. W. Yalden. 1972. Recent records of mammals (other than bats) from Ethiopia. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology Series, 22 (8): 213 - 252." year="1972">Corbet and Yalden (1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, under the name
|
||
<emphasis id="FF675E1D89D3F4F2F253EC3B46FBEDB9" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">lacernatus</emphasis>
|
||
) with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0E681E19A506267F6C71C40CE2A9CA82" authorityName="Rüppell" authorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="abyssinicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="84E13E44CCE8EEFE2E2F84E6693CD7D3" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">abyssinicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which they treated as a subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="25311938BA67377F1D38F802812FAF03" authorityName="É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" authorityYear="1803" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lemmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niloticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B88B53289277402EA7820FAF0F5B6F0B" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">A. niloticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; however,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="955C1B8E3909764E3164B442967818FB" authorityName="Rüppell" authorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="abyssinicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9AD9C5AF2306AC7F32045A59F5C35ED1" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">abyssinicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a distinctive species (see that account). From our study of specimens, we observed that the diagnostic features attributed to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="18B9DCE9B29EF3C67815B389F0231E8F" baseAuthorityName="Rüppell" baseAuthorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dembeensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="832417D8AA2E3D2966B81CC28C3D0E67" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">dembeensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also described the morphology in samples of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F1E2A63C629E87BF333D0F3C02EADD1B" authorityName="É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" authorityYear="1803" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lemmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niloticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4E7AB1350E30DC440656E1583D1643F9" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">A. niloticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3D79C8484F17220EADBDE709E84F09D8" name="Egypt">Egypt</collectingCountry>
|
||
and westward throughout the steppes, semidesert, and N Sudanian belt as outlined above in the distribution. For that reason,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8A06CD5FB9893CAF858CDBAF20D398CD" author="Musser, G. G. & M. D. Carleton" refId="ref252333" refString="Musser, G. G., and M. D. Carleton. 1993. Family Muridae. Pp. 501 - 755, in: Mammal species of the world, a taxonomic and geographic reference, Second ed. (D. E. Wilson and D. M. Reeder, eds.). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D. C., xviii + 1206 pp." year="1993">Musser and Carleton (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
included
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6EA80B6315D5F9048A7019F07CCDE411" baseAuthorityName="Rüppell" baseAuthorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dembeensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="0A60529284F4FAA0407AD4CDF2D0A65E" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">dembeensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
within the synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C46314CE900C085C199F02F3B65FDC05" authorityName="É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" authorityYear="1803" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lemmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niloticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="183026DD32559B03D33A2BF1C472B24F" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">A. niloticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for which we were accused of confusing its specific rank (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="210F4223CC3C9CF0942C9A73ACD0F132" author="Baskevich, M. I. & L. A. Lavrenchenko" refId="ref22748" refString="Baskevich, M. I., and L. A. Lavrenchenko. 2000. Review of karyological studies and the problems of systematics of Ethiopian Arvicanthis Lesson, 1842 (Rodentia: Muridae). Pp. 209 - 215, in Isolated vertebrate communities in the tropics (G. Rheinwald, ed.). Bonner Zoologische Monographie, 46, 400 pp." year="2000">Baskevich and Lavrenchenko, 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). We are not confused nor are Ducroz et al. (1999:114), who noted the small genetic divergence between their samples of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="60512B8A969AF426739849CB3091FDF7" baseAuthorityName="Rüppell" baseAuthorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dembeensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="05CF02C2F5E08B42FB241DA5EEAAB933" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">dembeensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and Egyptian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3A2CC837D5E020282C2F6BA3D63C7980" authorityName="É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" authorityYear="1803" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lemmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niloticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="60DB67AF705F68FB77CD6637065168E4" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">A. niloticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the lack of chromosomal differentiation between the two (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F553FB4096C422266219779740356C9D" author="Capanna, E. & A. Bekele & M. Capula & R. Castiglia & M. V. Civitelli & J. T. Cl. Codjia & M. Corti & C. Fadda" refId="ref50962" refString="Capanna, E., A. Bekele, M. Capula, R. Castiglia, M. V. Civitelli, J. T. Cl. Codjia, M. Corti, and C. Fadda. 1996 b. A multidisciplinary approach to the systematics of the genus Arvicanthis Lesson, 1842 (Rodentia, Murinae). Mammalia, 60 (40): 677 - 696." year="1996">
|
||
Capanna et al., 1996
|
||
<emphasis id="99980A0F33DF4CDF7D6AE8B99F032CEE" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">b</emphasis>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E1967A6217A51F615F4500FB13188F23" author="Corti, M. & M. V. Civitelli & R. Castiglia & A. Bekele & E. Capanna" refId="ref68609" refString="Corti, M., M. V. Civitelli, R. Castiglia, A. Bekele, and E. Capanna. 1996 b. Cytogenetics of the genus Arvicanthis (Rodentia, Muridae). 2. The chromosomes of three species from Ethiopia: A. abyssinicus, A. dembeensis and A. blicki. Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde, 61: 339 - 351." year="1996">
|
||
Corti et al., 1996
|
||
<emphasis id="A33EEE0603019CCA481C4A1276DB733F" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">b</emphasis>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="017D6F99A700FE3EDB3B9ECE7E783755" author="Volobouev, V. T. & E. Viegas-Pequignot & M. Lombard & F. Petter & J. - M. Duplantier & B. Dutrillaux" refId="ref375783" refString="Volobouev, V. T., E. Viegas-Pequignot, M. Lombard, F. Petter, J. - M. Duplantier, and B. Dutrillaux. 1988 a. Chromosomal evidence for a polytypic structure of Arvicanthis niloticus (Rodentia, Muridae). Zeitschrift fur Zoologische Systematik und Evolution Forschung, 26: 276 - 285." year="1988">
|
||
Volobouev et al., 1988
|
||
<emphasis id="5F66A900FED1922829EA50DB96917F4D" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">a</emphasis>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and thus declared "there is no convincing evidence for the recognition of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6EC02D125FAD33D3E53B7F3CFCA52090" baseAuthorityName="Rüppell" baseAuthorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dembeensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="0AB7F9CAA464775558956C4BBB730014" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">A. dembeensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a distinct species and suggest referring it to as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79081791B63CEA7FDFB4965079E187C0" authorityName="É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" authorityYear="1803" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lemmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niloticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D121B41A86087C0174B903C2CF0C0E86" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">A. niloticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
until conflicting evidence is produced." J.-F. Ducroz (in litt., 2001) now has additional information from Sudanese samples "clearly showing that there is a continuity from the genetic or karyologic point of view from Lower
|
||
<collectingCountry id="FDB87D1802B5FB19939FA949C6ADF0B9" name="Egypt">Egypt</collectingCountry>
|
||
to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="7452F45ED2F72188D051BAEC8F49F4A7" name="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, thus strengthening the point that there is no reason to distinguish
|
||
<taxonomicName id="83F1F5096CD92D854E9E108E5F12D0B2" baseAuthorityName="Rüppell" baseAuthorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dembeensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="6834EFAEBDBB45C5BFF317BF266C934A" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">dembeensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
."
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0E69867031310F6A3BF44C3CC15553D8" pageNumber="1289">
|
||
The other name is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79E19F9E93842900893856B4F1D410EC" baseAuthorityName="Sundevall" baseAuthorityYear="1843" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="testicularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="9670304FE1B83E9C78BAABD3C7E0105E" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">testicularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(type locality, Bahr-el-Abiad, N
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CE2963CA1749102BFD25EA0E11CF01ED" name="Sudan">Sudan</collectingCountry>
|
||
). Samples identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8AFB6C1603C149B03B4C39340D68F790" baseAuthorityName="Sundevall" baseAuthorityYear="1843" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="testicularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="35D2F6A3AC99D4FBAC5E5219133D2CF6" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">A. testicularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were thought to occur together with samples of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EBE8B90E2522427F8DEAA07C473628A2" authorityName="É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" authorityYear="1803" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lemmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niloticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A6774C5C12EA06D7CB2BB315A4AF5A14" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">A. niloticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at several places in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="4AF65EA70E080924D75B27AE99F81E75" name="Uganda">Uganda</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4E742DEFAEB4DC87E61AEA69B45C1650" author="Delany, M. J." refId="ref79476" refString="Delany, M. J. 1975. The rodents of Uganda. Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History), London, 165 pp." year="1975">Delany, 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8627BAC8F4FCB25B58526D1206FC4CA0" author="Dollman, G." refId="ref87523" refString="Dollman, G. 1911. On Arvicanthis abyssinicus and allied East-African species, with descriptions of four new forms. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 8, 8: 334 - 353." year="1911">Dollman, 1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2600B601123089E1EF9AB920FFB50AA4" author="Hollister, N." refId="ref157105" refString="Hollister, N. 1919. East African mammals in the United States National Museum. Part II. Rodentia, Lagomorpha, and Tubulidentata. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 99 (2): 1 - 184." year="1919">Hollister, 1919</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and at
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2FA2154E4E057E728850B399C6155B90" country="Sudan" name="Al Khartoum">Khartoum</collectingRegion>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D1A5C5890DBAEC52B18917D63B2DFC4C" name="Sudan">Sudan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9F206BF05C94B6B10BC6D74C1CD08C47" author="Fadda, C. & M. Corti" refId="ref97400" refString="Fadda, C., and M. Corti. 1998. Geographic variation of Arvicanthis (Rodentia, Muridae) in the Nile Valley. Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde, 63: 104 - 113." year="1998">Fadda and Corti, 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but after study of large series from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9F378022B4A3C4AC0AACCEFBF51B6566" name="Uganda">Uganda</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="1774CB2F4B6001723547FB224DEF8B40" name="Sudan">Sudan</collectingCountry>
|
||
we could not distinguish two kinds at any of the localities (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="06B89DA54F40C8787A86B13A2B54291F" author="Musser, G. G. & M. D. Carleton" refId="ref252333" refString="Musser, G. G., and M. D. Carleton. 1993. Family Muridae. Pp. 501 - 755, in: Mammal species of the world, a taxonomic and geographic reference, Second ed. (D. E. Wilson and D. M. Reeder, eds.). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D. C., xviii + 1206 pp." year="1993">Musser and Carleton, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and found no morphological or distributional reasons why
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1F426053EDDBC15990D969D9167EEED9" baseAuthorityName="Sundevall" baseAuthorityYear="1843" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="testicularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="CAEBD35BD9DB8EF3BAF364C58BF49143" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">testicularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
should not be included in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDE49C342829CF58CA31BBC00D45528B" authorityName="É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" authorityYear="1803" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lemmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niloticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6D67BA9E96FA0C2B68C6270FE49C8481" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">A. niloticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In a study of geographic variation among samples of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BE07D1AC7D09CA1F3940338C0C0FECE" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1FFAC3285F4D2DC7C906599401C4FE5" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">Arvicanthis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
along the Nile Valley from Cairo to S
|
||
<collectingCountry id="970E77ACC166358B15513E9A15403E28" name="Sudan">Sudan</collectingCountry>
|
||
using geometric morphometric techniques,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6EC9EF3133A22997ED217989D8707B5A" author="Fadda, C. & M. Corti" refId="ref97400" refString="Fadda, C., and M. Corti. 1998. Geographic variation of Arvicanthis (Rodentia, Muridae) in the Nile Valley. Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde, 63: 104 - 113." year="1998">Fadda and Corti (1998)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
recognized
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3F4628A930C4AEBA070BA0967F8F854A" authorityName="É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" authorityYear="1803" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lemmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niloticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4C79750657D12153A24796580891D65E" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">A. niloticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C6F133AEE48C84755FD7B142A0EBF166" name="Egypt">Egypt</collectingCountry>
|
||
and in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="58E6D894B6F79985738E54C2FB633A78" name="Sudan">Sudan</collectingCountry>
|
||
at the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="3348EB96D5B43349369E7DF529290E64" country="Sudan" name="An Nil al Azraq">Blue Nile</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="A375567F024F55747E91D04FD81777A6" country="Sudan" name="Al Khartoum">Khartoum</collectingRegion>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C12D068A21BB1CACE066BB16BAF9D0DB" baseAuthorityName="Sundevall" baseAuthorityYear="1843" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="testicularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="0AA5EC1705B493C4E491A6E22680B3A6" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">A. testicularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2B20A169650476089340B08876EFF001" country="Sudan" name="Al Khartoum">Khartoum</collectingRegion>
|
||
and elsewhere in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="45CFC57C111A2376D5C4C72329312B20" name="Sudan">Sudan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, but "museum labels were used for identification" (p. 105). They identified a "general trend in size decrease from North to South" (p. 108), and the suggestion of "an opposite clinal trend in shape" (p. 109), and claimed their scatterplot of first two principal compoments to demonstrate two clear clusters, which we could not appreciate and are only evident if the specimens were preidentified from their skin labels as to either
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2B1C889470320177A32FB343DFF8F8E8" authorityName="É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" authorityYear="1803" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lemmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niloticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4C4E219E1399096E612F21CB7A0C16C2" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">niloticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="686F42118A7F9E1BD7EEA31CCF6B840D" baseAuthorityName="Sundevall" baseAuthorityYear="1843" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="testicularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="320A8A1A1999EA06B37BD494866C29B1" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">testicularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. If there are compelling data indicating specific integrity for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E5787CC312918ECD361B56C156C7A360" baseAuthorityName="Sundevall" baseAuthorityYear="1843" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="testicularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E482AC7BDCAFDF79CDCD85FD04A2E41A" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">testicularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
they have not been published. J.-F. Ducroz (in litt., 2001) informed us of his "additional data from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9E1A801D0FA053829B5EA6A5E1B27EFF" name="Sudan">Sudan</collectingCountry>
|
||
clearly showing... a continuity from the genetic or karylogic point of view from Lower
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BD2631762763CC7489D8E8D7D54416F5" name="Egypt">Egypt</collectingCountry>
|
||
to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="38CC16FA1BDBC376887CDE30E176A581" name="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, thus strengthening the point that there is no reason to distinguish...
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CF0648AB01385177F54CA48C8724F400" baseAuthorityName="Sundevall" baseAuthorityYear="1843" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="testicularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F607D5BABA0DA5AD9EA5BBBBF0AC481B" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">testicularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a distinct species."
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C3A676C29F1DF79F27B710EF4436D10B" author="Philippi, T." refId="ref285375" refString="Philippi, T. 1994. Zur innerartlichen variabilitat von Arvicanthis niloticus Desmarest 1822 in Agypten und im Sudan (Mammalia: Rodentia: Muridae). Senckenbergiana biologica, 73 (1 - 2): 39 - 44." year="1994">Philippi (1994)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
has demonstrated normal fertility of F1 and "backcross" individuals between samples of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DC70AFE9CF71A9EB3D98387DCA0F0F6F" authorityName="É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" authorityYear="1803" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lemmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niloticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="087D77A0AA6F86D5CACCA5E50AB91188" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">A. niloticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="363FAC2B7E9AD19D0E3DBACC61F1C0D1" name="Egypt">Egypt</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E5ED23BAD0BE1A5294E943F9231DC85B" name="Sudan">Sudan</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="21F6239BAD057867F9EC059AB42CD145" pageNumber="1289">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="82BE9ACC28C0A8FEB5B20F2415AC34AD" author="Corbet, G. B." refId="ref67665" refString="Corbet, G. B. 1984. The mammals of the Palearctic region: A taxonomic review. Supplement. British Museum (Natural History), London, 45 pp." year="1984">Corbet (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
questioned including the S Arabian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="361B87AC87AA0EB194C25FB2908389D2" authorityName="Pocock" authorityYear="1934" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="naso">
|
||
<emphasis id="528D85CDFBE491E9AF424BB286554787" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">naso</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06810263F5A97501A618EBA6686A6026" authorityName="É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" authorityYear="1803" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lemmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niloticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4E4C5FBB0608C40B6C623B7DFF439115" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">A. niloticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but current morphometric analysis supports that identity (Fadda and Corti, 2001). Verifiable sympatry with other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="961F5EA8013B19A19F79DEAD8CB2976D" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6641454FCD664BD0E84714DD271464F1" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">Arvicanthis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been recorded: with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="881E57A6A35196CDF1855A6E1C28816A" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1910" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ansorgei">
|
||
<emphasis id="DBF9CA10F1965AB7790AA8451E9930F7" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">A. ansorgei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
along the southern course and in most of the Inner delta of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C826C2ADD984F832BEA9B1B859CF2D09" name="Niger">Niger</collectingCountry>
|
||
River in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0499D3284746570CC6FBEA6A696DB463" name="Serbia">Mali</collectingCountry>
|
||
; and with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7FD77AA151D489260C29BA4B8ED9433D" authorityName="Matschie" authorityYear="1894" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neumanni">
|
||
<emphasis id="E30EDFBA620ED2236B11BE691E465D4C" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">A. neumanni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the Rift Valley of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8F062FC43AA03EF80C94FE3B30634045" name="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AC9685AB5F6E175560F5C5F588615755" authorityName="É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" authorityYear="1803" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lemmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niloticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C48962A36CF7BD7EE48EECA28AB55FC0" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">niloticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was recorded as either
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2E3086D094773C77086853D4ABD6FA87" baseAuthorityName="Rüppell" baseAuthorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dembeensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="802F3399A21A6BCC208D465A6A339172" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">dembeensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<emphasis id="F80DCA19CB6BA6AD41035B03B530EA5C" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">lacernatus</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DF8E48A39527804CF35965BDCE7A5B03" author="Corbet, G. B. & D. W. Yalden" refId="ref68078" refString="Corbet, G. B., and D. W. Yalden. 1972. Recent records of mammals (other than bats) from Ethiopia. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology Series, 22 (8): 213 - 252." year="1972">Corbet and Yalden, 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F3C0903A98EFA2EB88B48A22E2AEADA2" author="Demeter, A." refId="ref80725" refString="Demeter, A. 1983. Taxonomical notes on Arvicanthis (Mammalia: Muridae) from the Ethiopian Rift Valley). Pp. 129 - 136, in Proceedings of the Third International Colloquium on the Ecology and Taxonomy of African Small Mammals (E. Van der Straeten, W. N. Verheyen, and F. De Vree, eds.). Annales Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren-Belgique, ser. 8 (Sciences Zoologiques), 237: 1 - 227." year="1983">Demeter, 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and the Mawele region (Mwanasomano's,
|
||
<quantity id="17C4362740BC91D17A276E50A7C37992" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.828032" unit="mi" value="30.0">30 mi</quantity>
|
||
[
|
||
<quantity id="B0F6DD91AB331F9A38D018EF58973CC9" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" unit="km" value="48.0">48 km</quantity>
|
||
] S
|
||
<collectingRegion id="94001156C851FD3659A14E24F16EF51F" country="Tanzania" name="Tabora">Tabora</collectingRegion>
|
||
) of C
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0BA9DBA3ED8CD9C5FDEF2F1708D57E09" name="Tanzania">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
|
||
(specimens in
|
||
<collectionCode id="8344552D8FD6756B054DC729A4D4DE6D" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" type="Museum">MCZ</collectionCode>
|
||
). Allopatry or parapatry, however, is usual. In
|
||
<collectingCountry id="663CB6A442A4693E7663E12FA9E1A12D" name="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AC81A476783AB98BD6661A2FDBB3B19" authorityName="É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" authorityYear="1803" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lemmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niloticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2ACFDD170F2D89FEB3859761B179DF90" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">A. niloticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs up to about
|
||
<quantity id="0688DD89A26D26B6538C1BD3BD2F2429" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.096" unit="ft" value="2000.0">2000 ft</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="7562DECCA7325E025E720FD21126E66D" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.1" unit="m" value="610.0">610 m</quantity>
|
||
) and is replaced at higher elevations by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A609CE0876FBCF84D9C89A9E0F34BC41" authorityName="Rüppell" authorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="abyssinicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="41C19BB329BFECA328AC703DC68EA255" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">A. abyssinicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DBBD5B6F27AAE2010EA5D3A159DED88F" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="blicki">
|
||
<emphasis id="3F77F2958F7A202B6A42B3B8FF97E76D" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">A. blicki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="67D7DCE13C5FE605063AB343675D7AC7" author="Rupp, H." refId="ref312607" refString="Rupp, H. 1980. Beitrage zur Systematik, Verbreitung und Okologie athiopischer Nagetiere. Ergebnisse mehrerer Forschungsreisen. Saugetierkundliche Mitteilungen, 28 (2): 81 - 123." year="1980">Rupp, 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="99E9563BDD230A102FF5FEC701280C50" author="Yalden, D. W. & M. J. Largen & D. Kock" refId="ref397218" refString="Yalden, D. W., M. J. Largen, and D. Kock. 1976. Catalogue of the mammals of Ethiopia. 2. Insectivora and Rodentia. Monitore Zoologico Italiano, Supplemento 8 (1): 1 - 118." year="1976">Yalden et al., 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D6952067AADD39F2A60087529BE7F6DD" name="Kenya">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9E3C480B7A6D9B7FF2A6FDB6009CB0F7" name="Tanzania">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="16B2AF8E55D75F528184E0866F92D727" authorityName="É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" authorityYear="1803" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lemmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niloticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EC8185C331480A3DF0C0FDDFBDB22F28" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">A. niloticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ranges west of the E Rift Valley and is allopatric with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0807EA22A2CD38DAD1B85F4F4D491FA0" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1909" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nairobae">
|
||
<emphasis id="37BA5A3990CA4023F4B99434F39B4015" italics="true" pageNumber="1289">A. nairobae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, found in and east of the Rift as we have defined the species
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |