235 lines
30 KiB
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235 lines
30 KiB
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c81147b7-467a-4477-a36e-76f3fd8358c7" ID-PMC="PMC7921074" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1019-93" ID-Pensoft-UUID="68E025484FB95656A3666768A4D97EF1" ID-PubMed="33688849" ID-ZooBank="740EFFB93ADA4B2ABD23A839AAE71FB2" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1019-93" checkinTime="1614092297092" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Giron, Jennifer C. & Short, Andrew Edward Z." docDate="2021" docId="73BC8FFD76D05FB5B78E4FBB26389077" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1019: 93-140" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1019" docPubDate="2021-02-22" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881" docTitle="Tobochares microps Girón & Short 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="80D946EC-D4CD-48E8-982A-ECE0059D927E" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" id="68E025484FB95656A3666768A4D97EF1" lastPageNumber="93" masterDocId="68E025484FB95656A3666768A4D97EF1" masterDocTitle="Review of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae): new lineages, new species, and new records" masterLastPageNumber="140" masterPageNumber="93" pageNumber="93" updateTime="1668149822001" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Review of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae): new lineages, new species, and new records</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Giron, Jennifer C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA & Natural Science Research Laboratory, Museum of Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Short, Andrew Edward Z.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, and Division of Entomology, Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">aezshort@ku.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-02-22</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1019</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>93</mods:start>
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<mods:end>140</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1019-93</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">740EFFB93ADA4B2ABD23A839AAE71FB2</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">68E025484FB95656A3666768A4D97EF1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="179905047" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:80D946EC-D4CD-48E8-982A-ECE0059D927E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/73BC8FFD76D05FB5B78E4FBB26389077" lastPageNumber="93" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/80D946EC-D4CD-48E8-982A-ECE0059D927E" authority="Girón & Short, 2021" authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares microps" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="microps" status="sp. nov.">Tobochares microps</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="93">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Heads of Tobochares spp. A, B T. goias, black mark pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating the eye A dorsal view B anterolateral view C T. fusus D, E T. luteomargo, black mark pointing to straight anterior margin of the eye D dorsal view E anterolateral view F T. romanoae G T. pemon H T. communis I T. microps." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512600" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Figs 2I</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Characters of elytra and wings of Tobochares spp. A-E Scanning Electron Micrographs A-C elytra: white arrows point to serial punctures; black arrows point to interserial punctures A T. communis B T. atures C T. arawak D, E ventral view of mesoventrite: D T. communis: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with low longitudinal elevation; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite E T. arawak: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with weakly elevated bulge; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite. F-I detail of elytral punctation; black marks at top of each circle indicates serial punctures F T. pemon (all punctures relatively large; serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures in irregular single row) G T. atures (all punctures longitudinally aligned; serial punctures larger than interserial punctures; interserial punctures more densely distributed) H T. kolokoe (serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming one or two irregular rows) I T. canaima (serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming two or three irregular rows) J, K hindwings J T. sipaliwini K T. microps." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512601" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">, 3K</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. communis A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. microps D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512604" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">, 6D-F</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Aedeagi of Tobochares spp. A T. benettii B T. goias C T. fusus D T. luteomargo E T. pemon F T. anthonyae G T. atures H T. communis I T. microps J T. romanoae K T. akoerio L T. kappel M T. arawak N T. canaima. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A-D); 0.1 mm (E-N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512609" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">, 11I</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Distribution of Tobochares spp." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512611" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">, 13</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Habitat of Tobochares in Suriname A, B habitat for T. kappel, Petrominas Falls (collecting event SR 13 - 0813 - 04 C) C habitat for T. microps, Tafelberg Tepui Summit (collecting event SR 13 - 0820 - 01 B) D habitat for T. kappel and T. communis, seepage along Kappel Airstrip (collecting event SR 13 - 0824 - 02 B) E habitat for T. microps, Tafelberg Tepui Summit (collecting event SR 13 - 0815 - 01 A) F habitat for T. akoerio and T. communis Grensgebergte Mountains (collecting event SR 12 - 0312 - 01 A)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512614" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">, 16C</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
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<taxonomicName authority="Girón & Short, 2021" authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="sp. nov.">Tobochares</taxonomicName>
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2A:
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="RAP Bulletin of Biological Assessment 63, Conservation International, Arlington" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" refId="B9" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology. https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" year="2021">Short et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Type material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Holotype</emphasis>
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(male)
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</emphasis>
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: "Suriname: Sipaliwini District/ N3 53.359' W56 10.052', 879m/ CSNR: Tafelberg Summit, near/South Rim, small seepage area/leg. Short and Bloom; 20.viii.2013/SR13-0820-01B" (NZCS).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Paratypes</emphasis>
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(43 exs.): Suriname: Sipaliwini District
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</emphasis>
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: Same data as holotype (38, SEMC including DNA voucher SLE1041); "
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<geoCoordinate degrees="3" direction="north" minutes="55.600" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="3.9266667">3°55.600'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="56" direction="west" minutes="11.300" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-56.18833">56°11.300'W</geoCoordinate>
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; 600 m; CSNR: Tafelberg Summit, near Augustus Creek Camp; muddy stream pools; 15.viii.2013; leg. Short and Bloom; SR13-0815-01A" (1, SEMC DNA voucher SLE1051); same, except "pool in rock; SR13-0820-01C" (2, SEMC including DNA voucher SLE 1043); CSNR: Tafelberg Summit, Arrowhead Basin; flotation of wet moss on rocks; 20.viii.2013; leg. Short and Bloom; SR13-0820-04A (2, SEMC including DNA vouchers SLE1038 and SLE1040).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="differential diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares microps" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="microps">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares microps</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is unique among
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species by the reduced size of the eyes, which are separated by a distance 6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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larger than the largest diameter of the eye in dorsal view (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Heads of Tobochares spp. A, B T. goias, black mark pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating the eye A dorsal view B anterolateral view C T. fusus D, E T. luteomargo, black mark pointing to straight anterior margin of the eye D dorsal view E anterolateral view F T. romanoae G T. pemon H T. communis I T. microps." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512600" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">2I</figureCitation>
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; the ventral face of the eye is only slightly wider than the antennal club, Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. communis A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. microps D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512604" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">6F</figureCitation>
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), whereas in all other species in the genus the eyes are separated by a distance approximately 4.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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larger than the largest diameter of the eye in dorsal view (e.g., Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Heads of Tobochares spp. A, B T. goias, black mark pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating the eye A dorsal view B anterolateral view C T. fusus D, E T. luteomargo, black mark pointing to straight anterior margin of the eye D dorsal view E anterolateral view F T. romanoae G T. pemon H T. communis I T. microps." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512600" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">2H</figureCitation>
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; the ventral face of the eye is nearly twice as wide as antennal club; e.g., Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. communis A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. microps D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512604" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">6C</figureCitation>
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).
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares microps" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="microps">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares microps</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is polymorphic for hindwings, with individuals exhibiting either full size or brachypterous wing forms (e.g., Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Characters of elytra and wings of Tobochares spp. A-E Scanning Electron Micrographs A-C elytra: white arrows point to serial punctures; black arrows point to interserial punctures A T. communis B T. atures C T. arawak D, E ventral view of mesoventrite: D T. communis: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with low longitudinal elevation; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite E T. arawak: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with weakly elevated bulge; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite. F-I detail of elytral punctation; black marks at top of each circle indicates serial punctures F T. pemon (all punctures relatively large; serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures in irregular single row) G T. atures (all punctures longitudinally aligned; serial punctures larger than interserial punctures; interserial punctures more densely distributed) H T. kolokoe (serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming one or two irregular rows) I T. canaima (serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming two or three irregular rows) J, K hindwings J T. sipaliwini K T. microps." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512601" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">3K</figureCitation>
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), a condition so far unique in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. By its elytral punctation with all punctures about the same size and degree of impression (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. communis A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. microps D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512604" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">6D</figureCitation>
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),
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. microps" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="microps">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. microps</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is similar to
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. communis" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="communis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. communis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. anthonyae" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="anthonyae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. anthonyae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Besides the shape of the eyes,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. microps" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="microps">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. microps</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, can be distinguished from
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. communis" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="communis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. communis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by its relatively shallower punctation and smaller size (compare Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. communis A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. microps D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512604" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">6D</figureCitation>
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to Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. communis A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. microps D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512604" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">6A</figureCitation>
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). From
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. anthonyae" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="anthonyae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. anthonyae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, in which the dorsal punctation is also relatively shallow (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. anthonyae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. atures D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view G-I T. pemon G dorsal view H lateral view I ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512605" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">7A</figureCitation>
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),
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. microps" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="microps">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. microps</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be recognized by the serial punctures seemingly longitudinally aligned and uniformly distributed, not impressed to form grooves (serial punctures clearly aligned in rows and slightly impressed, forming shallow longitudinal grooves in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. anthonyae" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="anthonyae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. anthonyae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. anthonyae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. atures D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view G-I T. pemon G dorsal view H lateral view I ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512605" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">7A</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Size and form</emphasis>
|
||
: Body length 1.6-1.7 mm. Body elongate oval, moderately convex (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. communis A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. microps D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512604" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">6E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Color and punctation</emphasis>
|
||
: Dorsal and ventral surfaces of body dark brown, with anterior and lateral margins of prothorax slightly paler (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. communis A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. microps D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512604" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">6D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
); mouthparts yellow (especially maxillary palps) to orange; antennae yellowish brown; legs orange brown with paler (yellow) tarsi (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. communis A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. microps D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512604" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">6F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ground punctation on head, pronotum and elytra moderately marked.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Head</emphasis>
|
||
: Eyes in dorsal view with anterior margin slightly oblique (anteriorly directed), and outer margins nearly half the greatest length of eye, slightly bulging from outline of head (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Heads of Tobochares spp. A, B T. goias, black mark pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating the eye A dorsal view B anterolateral view C T. fusus D, E T. luteomargo, black mark pointing to straight anterior margin of the eye D dorsal view E anterolateral view F T. romanoae G T. pemon H T. communis I T. microps." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512600" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">2I</figureCitation>
|
||
); in lateral view, eyes not anteriorly emarginate (e.g., Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Heads of Tobochares spp. A, B T. goias, black mark pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating the eye A dorsal view B anterolateral view C T. fusus D, E T. luteomargo, black mark pointing to straight anterior margin of the eye D dorsal view E anterolateral view F T. romanoae G T. pemon H T. communis I T. microps." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512600" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">2E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
: Elytra with all punctures about the same size and degree of impression, all seemingly aligned in rows and uniformly distributed, not forming grooves (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. communis A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. microps D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512604" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">6D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Metafemora" lsidName="Metafemora" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="genus">Metafemora</taxonomicName>
|
||
mostly glabrous on anterior face (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. communis A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. microps D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512604" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">6F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Elevation of mesoventrite forming a broad bulge (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. communis A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. microps D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512604" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">6F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Metaventrite with distinct median, longitudinal, narrow glabrous area extending along posterior half (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. communis A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. microps D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512604" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">6F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
: Abdominal ventrites uniformly and very densely pubescent. Aedeagus (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Aedeagi of Tobochares spp. A T. benettii B T. goias C T. fusus D T. luteomargo E T. pemon F T. anthonyae G T. atures H T. communis I T. microps J T. romanoae K T. akoerio L T. kappel M T. arawak N T. canaima. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A-D); 0.1 mm (E-N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512609" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">11I</figureCitation>
|
||
). Basal piece nearly 0.4
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
the length of a paramere; greatest width of a paramere nearly 0.5
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
greatest width of median lobe; outer margins of parameres uniformly weakly convex; apex of paramere rounded; median lobe roughly sagittate, narrow along apical third, rounded at apex; gonopore situated basad of midlength of median lobe.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||
Named with the combination of the Latin words
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">micro</emphasis>
|
||
, meaning small, and
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">ops</emphasis>
|
||
, meaning eyes, highlighting the small eyes of the members of the species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||
This species is only known from the summit of Tafelberg Tepui, a low-elevation sandstone massif in the center of Suriname (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Distribution of Tobochares spp." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512611" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">13</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="life history">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Life history.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||
Most specimens of this species were collected in seepage habitats by directly floating them out of saturated moss that was on the rock. Several specimens were collected in shallow pools on rock that were adjacent to seepages or streams. See Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Habitat of Tobochares in Suriname A, B habitat for T. kappel, Petrominas Falls (collecting event SR 13 - 0813 - 04 C) C habitat for T. microps, Tafelberg Tepui Summit (collecting event SR 13 - 0820 - 01 B) D habitat for T. kappel and T. communis, seepage along Kappel Airstrip (collecting event SR 13 - 0824 - 02 B) E habitat for T. microps, Tafelberg Tepui Summit (collecting event SR 13 - 0815 - 01 A) F habitat for T. akoerio and T. communis Grensgebergte Mountains (collecting event SR 12 - 0312 - 01 A)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512614" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">16C</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |