382 lines
55 KiB
XML
382 lines
55 KiB
XML
<document id="E3476E471CAF28999E417E04FCEED3FC" ID-DOI="10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00466.x" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5445358" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630458879514" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Biju, S. D. & Bossuyt, Franky" docDate="2009" docId="03F5945FFF811E6CFC5DFB97FD57C135" docLanguage="en" docName="j.1096-3642.2008.00466.x.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 155 (2)" docSource="https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00466.x" docStyle="DocumentStyle:0DD8C314D74634CE09062A86991413F8.2:ZoolJLinnSoc.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleId="0DD8C314D74634CE09062A86991413F8" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Philautus jayarami Biju & Bossuyt 2009, SP. NOV." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="419" masterDocId="FFCCEC27FFAB1E41FFE9FFFDFF8CC65A" masterDocTitle="Systematics and phylogeny of Philautus Gistel, 1848 (Anura, Rhacophoridae) in the Western Ghats of India, with descriptions of 12 new species" masterLastPageNumber="444" masterPageNumber="374" pageNumber="416" updateTime="1699278541911" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="4076536DC6F05654CA4FFAC78CD96336">Systematics and phylogeny of Philautus Gistel, 1848 (Anura, Rhacophoridae) in the Western Ghats of India, with descriptions of 12 new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="96268DC4061BF58F64E3F9A3AAA657A8">Biju, S. D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7F0EEF9C52AB9FAEEE282F13FA3CC7E2">Bossuyt, Franky</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="54B2E1A06647DA1F87CAD664F8DA5991">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="8D53C23A9076405D213B6CA8E77BD776">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="B74635CD4D35F2871BACF191FE996A5C">2009-02-28</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="9CBAC0CD0212CF4EA33AB54614BE2F23">155</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="68F1E6FC27AA6AD0056B91FBB1F782AD">https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00466.x</mods:url>
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<treatment id="03F5945FFF811E6CFC5DFB97FD57C135" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F5945FFF811E6CFC5DFB97FD57C135" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F5945FFF811E6CFC5DFB97FD57C135" lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="419" pageId="42" pageNumber="416">
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<subSubSection id="C34676C2FF811E6BFC5DFB97FAABC225" box="[948,1319,1130,1151]" pageId="42" pageNumber="416" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE32549FF811E6BFC5DFB97FAABC225" blockId="42.[948,1319,1130,1151]" box="[948,1319,1130,1151]" pageId="42" pageNumber="416">
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<heading id="D0AB9225FF811E6BFC5DFB97FAABC225" box="[948,1319,1130,1151]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="42" pageNumber="416" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF811E6BFC5DFB97FB34C225" ID-CoL="4G5GY" authority="Biju & Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju & Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[948,1208,1130,1151]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="42" pageNumber="388" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jayarami" status="sp. nov.">PHILAUTUS JAYARAMI</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B928F95BFF811E6BFB2BFB90FAABC225" bold="true" box="[1218,1319,1130,1151]" pageId="42" pageNumber="416">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FF811E6BFB2BFB90FAABC225" box="[1218,1319,1130,1151]" pageId="42" pageNumber="416" rank="species">SP. NOV.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C34676C2FF811E6CFC8AFB6CFD57C135" lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="419" pageId="42" pageNumber="416" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BE32549FF811E6BFC8AFB6CFAF4C2FD" blockId="42.[867,1400,1168,1191]" box="[867,1400,1168,1191]" pageId="42" pageNumber="416">
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(
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<figureCitation id="136739CCFF811E6BFC82FB6CFC34C2FC" box="[875,952,1169,1190]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="6.[164,243,1531,1550]" captionTargetBox="[167,1442,195,1498]" captionTargetId="figure-103@6.[164,1444,193,1501]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 2. Maximum-likelihood phylogram (GTR + G + I; –Ln L = 14 763.97) for the mitochondrial DNA data set of 1488 bp of 34 taxa of Western Ghats Philautus and five outgroup species. Numbers above branches indicate nonparametric bootstrap values under maximum parsimony (MP). Numbers below branches indicate Bayesian posterior probabilities. *Values of less than 50." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445362" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445362/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="416">FIGS 2</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="136739CCFF811E6BFC2EFB6DFC5BC2FC" box="[967,983,1168,1190]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[164,243,799,818]" captionTargetBox="[423,1184,200,767]" captionTargetId="figure-502@8.[419,1187,197,770]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Morphometric distinction between males of four green Philautus species: Z, Philautus akroparallagi sp. nov.; -, Philautus bobingeri; O, Philautus glandulosus; and •, Philautus jayarami sp. nov. The ratio of the snout length (SL)/eye length (EL) is plotted against the snout–vent length SVL (see Table 2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445368" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445368/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="416">5</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="136739CCFF811E6BFC0FFB6CFB88C2FC" box="[998,1028,1169,1190]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="27.[144,223,906,925]" captionTargetBox="[149,1422,197,876]" captionTargetId="figure-381@27.[144,1424,197,876]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Figure 19. Schematic comparison of green-coloured Philautus from the Western Ghats. A, dorsal view, showing coloration of forelimbs and hindlimbs; B, lateral view of head, showing coloration of loreal/tympanic regions and forelimb; C, ventral view of snout, showing shape; D, webbing on feet. The arrows indicate extension of webbing at the fourth toe. Illustrations from left to right are: Philautus akroparallagi sp. nov., Philautus beddomii, Philautus bobingeri, Philautus chalazodes, Philautus chromasynchysi sp. nov., Philautus glandulosus, and Philautus jayarami sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445394" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445394/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="416">19</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="136739CCFF811E6BFBFAFB6CFBC8C2FC" box="[1043,1092,1169,1190]" captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="43.[144,223,1842,1861]" captionTargetBox="[165,1402,197,1810]" captionTargetId="figure-0@43.[162,1405,194,1813]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="Figure 38. Distribution map. A, Philautus griet; B, Philautus jayarami sp. nov.; C, Philautus kaikatti sp. nov.; D, Philautus kani sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445434" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445434/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="416">38B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="136739CCFF811E6BFBBAFB6CFB2DC2FC" box="[1107,1185,1169,1190]" captionStart="Figure 39" captionStartId="44.[164,243,996,1015]" captionTargetBox="[326,1283,198,965]" captionTargetId="figure-453@44.[323,1283,196,967]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="Figure 39. Holotype of Philautus jayarami sp. nov. (BNHS 4459). A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view of head; D, ventral view of hand; E, ventral view of foot; F, holotype of Philautus bobingeri, ventral view. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445436" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445436/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="416">39A–F</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="136739CCFF811E6BFB47FB6CFAD7C2FF" box="[1198,1371,1169,1190]" captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="45.[144,223,1129,1148]" captionTargetBox="[148,756,195,1100]" captionTargetId="figure-522@45.[148,756,195,1100]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="Figure 40. A, paratype of Philautus jayarami sp. nov. (BNHS 4461); B, specimen (SDB 40273) from Valparai." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445438" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445438/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="416">40A, B; TABLE</figureCitation>
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2)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE32549FF811E6BFCD3FB45FA01C31D" blockId="42.[826,1441,1207,1351]" pageId="42" pageNumber="416">
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<emphasis id="B928F95BFF811E6BFCD3FB45FC6CC296" box="[826,992,1207,1229]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="416">Type material:</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B342F14FF811E6BFC03FB4AFA01C31D" collectingDate="1998-08-03" collectionCode="SVL, SDB" country="India" location="Valparai" municipality="Coimbatore District" pageId="42" pageNumber="416" specimenCode="BNHS 4459, BNHS 4460-4462, BNHS 4543" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-adult="1" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu" typeStatus="holotype">
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||
<typeStatus id="54E79BEBFF811E6BFC03FB4AFBDFC297" box="[1002,1107,1207,1229]" pageId="42" pageNumber="416" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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,
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<specimenCode id="DBFA8D32FF811E6BFB88FB4AFB62C297" box="[1121,1262,1207,1229]" collectionCode="BNHS" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8g20-8f2r" name="Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="42" pageNumber="416">BNHS 4459</specimenCode>
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, an adult male (
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<collectionCode id="ED4DBD8CFF811E6BFCA8FB2BFCF8C2B1" box="[833,884,1238,1259]" pageId="42" pageNumber="416">SVL</collectionCode>
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26.0 mm), collected by
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<collectionCode id="ED4DBD8CFF811E6BFB66FB2BFB4FC2B1" box="[1167,1219,1238,1259]" pageId="42" pageNumber="416">SDB</collectionCode>
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on
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<date id="FFE20389FF811E6BFB1CFB2BFA2DC2B1" box="[1269,1441,1238,1259]" pageId="42" pageNumber="416" value="1998-08-03">
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<collectingDate id="EFA6FA61FF811E6BFB1CFB2BFA2DC2B1" box="[1269,1441,1238,1259]" pageId="42" pageNumber="416" value="1998-08-03">3 August 1998</collectingDate>
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</date>
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from
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<location id="8E837392FF811E6BFC6AFB09FC6BC350" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F5945FFF811E6CFC5DFB97FD57C135:8E837392FF811E6BFC6AFB09FC6BC350" box="[899,999,1268,1290]" country="India" municipality="Coimbatore District" name="Valparai" pageId="42" pageNumber="416" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu">Valparai</location>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="6B87BF33FF811E6BFC17FB09FB63C350" box="[1022,1263,1268,1290]" pageId="42" pageNumber="416">Coimbatore District</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="4998EBABFF811E6BFAEFFB09FA10C350" box="[1286,1436,1268,1290]" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="42" pageNumber="416">Tamil Nadu</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F34B65D9FF811E6BFCD3FAEEFCF5C373" box="[826,889,1299,1321]" name="India" pageId="42" pageNumber="416">India</collectingCountry>
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;
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<typeStatus id="54E79BEBFF811E6BFC6FFAEEFC76C372" box="[902,1018,1299,1320]" pageId="42" pageNumber="416" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
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,
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<specimenCode id="DBFA8D32FF811E6BFBEEFAEEFB59C373" box="[1031,1237,1299,1321]" collectionCode="BNHS" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8g20-8f2r" name="Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="42" pageNumber="416">BNHS 4460–4462</specimenCode>
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and
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<specimenCode id="DBFA8D32FF811E6BFAF8FAEEFA10C373" box="[1297,1436,1299,1321]" collectionCode="BNHS" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8g20-8f2r" name="Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="42" pageNumber="416">BNHS 4543</specimenCode>
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,
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<specimenCount id="9D5AEEC0FF811E6BFCD3FACCFC22C31D" box="[826,942,1329,1351]" pageId="42" pageNumber="416" type="adult">four adult</specimenCount>
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males collected along with the
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<typeStatus id="54E79BEBFF811E6BFACCFACCFA05C31D" box="[1317,1417,1329,1351]" pageId="42" pageNumber="416" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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||
.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE32549FF811E6BFCD3FA92FAA3C3FE" blockId="42.[826,1441,1391,1444]" pageId="42" pageNumber="416">
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B342F14FF811E6BFCD3FA92FAA6C3FE" accessionNumber="SDB 40273" collectionCode="SDB" pageId="42" pageNumber="416" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="holotype">
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||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF811E6BFCD3FA92FBC2C3DE" box="[826,1102,1391,1412]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="416">Other material studied:</emphasis>
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||
<collectionCode id="ED4DBD8CFF811E6BFBB3FA92FB02C3DE" box="[1114,1166,1391,1412]" pageId="42" pageNumber="416">SDB</collectionCode>
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||
40273, an adult male, collected along with the
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<typeStatus id="54E79BEBFF811E6BFBB3FA73FB37C3FE" box="[1114,1211,1422,1444]" pageId="42" pageNumber="416" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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||
(
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<tableCitation id="C6DE10F2FF811E6BFB25FA73FAAEC3FE" box="[1228,1314,1422,1444]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="10.[113,177,400,421]" captionText="Table 2. Morphometric measurements (in mm) of the specimens used in this study" pageId="42" pageNumber="416">Table 2</tableCitation>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF811E6BFCD3FA31FA2DC0C3" blockId="42.[826,1441,1483,1903]" pageId="42" pageNumber="416">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF811E6BFCD3FA31FB16C3BB" box="[826,1178,1483,1505]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="416">
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Diagnosis:
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<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF811E6BFC53FA36FB16C3BB" authority="Biju & Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju & Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[954,1178,1483,1505]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="42" pageNumber="416" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jayarami" status="sp. nov.">Philautus jayarami</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FF811E6BFB4DFA36FB77C3BA" box="[1188,1275,1483,1504]" pageId="42" pageNumber="416" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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can be distinguished from known congeners by the following combination of characters: (1) medium adult size; (2) pointed snout; (3) subarticular tubercles double in fingers III1 and IV1; (4) lateral region and thigh margin white, occasionally with bluish black spots; (5) elongated granulation on the ventral side (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF811E6BFADBF97EFA19C0C3" box="[1330,1429,1667,1689]" captionStart="Figure 39" captionStartId="44.[164,243,996,1015]" captionTargetBox="[326,1283,198,965]" captionTargetId="figure-453@44.[323,1283,196,967]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="Figure 39. Holotype of Philautus jayarami sp. nov. (BNHS 4459). A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view of head; D, ventral view of hand; E, ventral view of foot; F, holotype of Philautus bobingeri, ventral view. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445436" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445436/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="416">Fig. 39B</figureCitation>
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).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF811E6DFCBAF95CFD30C08C" blockId="42.[826,1441,1483,1903]" lastBlockId="44.[164,779,1085,1750]" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="418" pageId="42" pageNumber="416">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF811E6BFCBAF95CFBBAC0ED" authority="Biju & Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju & Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[851,1078,1697,1719]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="42" pageNumber="416" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jayarami" status="sp. nov.">
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||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF811E6BFCBAF95CFBBAC0ED" box="[851,1078,1697,1719]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="416">Philautus jayarami</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FF811E6BFBADF95FFB13C0ED" box="[1092,1183,1698,1719]" pageId="42" pageNumber="416" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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can be distinguished from all green
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF811E6BFC1EF93DFB33C08C" authority="in the" authorityName="IN THE" box="[1015,1215,1728,1750]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="42" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF811E6BFC1EF93DFBEBC08F" box="[1015,1127,1728,1749]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="416">Philautus</emphasis>
|
||
in the
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
study area by its relatively large snout–vent length (largest green
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF811E6BFCD3F900FC26C148" box="[826,938,1789,1810]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="42" pageNumber="416" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF811E6BFCD3F900FC26C148" box="[826,938,1789,1810]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="416">Philautus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Western Ghats), in combination with a unique white lateral side and thigh margin in life, turning to ash grey in preservation, and yellowish upper arm and hands. Because of the overall green coloration,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF871E6DFE9DFBC3FE77C209" authority="Biju & Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju & Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[372,507,1086,1107]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="44" pageNumber="418" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jayarami" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF871E6DFE9DFBC3FE77C209" box="[372,507,1086,1107]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">P. jayarami</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FF871E6DFDE1FBC3FDEEC209" box="[520,610,1086,1107]" pageId="44" pageNumber="418" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
could be confused with four other green species from the Western Ghats (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF871E6DFF15FB87FECFC2CA" box="[252,323,1146,1168]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[164,243,799,818]" captionTargetBox="[423,1184,200,767]" captionTargetId="figure-502@8.[419,1187,197,770]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Morphometric distinction between males of four green Philautus species: Z, Philautus akroparallagi sp. nov.; -, Philautus bobingeri; O, Philautus glandulosus; and •, Philautus jayarami sp. nov. The ratio of the snout length (SL)/eye length (EL) is plotted against the snout–vent length SVL (see Table 2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445368" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445368/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">Figs 5</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF871E6DFEBDFB86FEFEC2CB" box="[340,370,1147,1169]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="27.[144,223,906,925]" captionTargetBox="[149,1422,197,876]" captionTargetId="figure-381@27.[144,1424,197,876]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Figure 19. Schematic comparison of green-coloured Philautus from the Western Ghats. A, dorsal view, showing coloration of forelimbs and hindlimbs; B, lateral view of head, showing coloration of loreal/tympanic regions and forelimb; C, ventral view of snout, showing shape; D, webbing on feet. The arrows indicate extension of webbing at the fourth toe. Illustrations from left to right are: Philautus akroparallagi sp. nov., Philautus beddomii, Philautus bobingeri, Philautus chalazodes, Philautus chromasynchysi sp. nov., Philautus glandulosus, and Philautus jayarami sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445394" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445394/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">19</figureCitation>
|
||
):
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF871E6DFE63FB86FDC9C2D5" authority="Biju & Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju & Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[394,581,1146,1168]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="44" pageNumber="418" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="akroparallagi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF871E6DFE63FB86FDC9C2D5" box="[394,581,1146,1168]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">P. akroparallagi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FF871E6DFDB8FB86FD20C2CA" box="[593,684,1147,1168]" pageId="44" pageNumber="418" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF871E6DFD52FB86FF6AC2F4" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1876" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="44" pageNumber="418" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="beddomii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF871E6DFD52FB86FF6AC2F4" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">P. beddomii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF871E6DFF15FB67FE06C2F4" authorityName="Biju & Bossuyt" authorityYear="2005" box="[252,394,1177,1199]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="44" pageNumber="418" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bobingeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF871E6DFF15FB67FE06C2F4" box="[252,394,1177,1199]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">P. bobingeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF871E6DFE35FB67FD06C2F4" baseAuthorityName="Jerdon" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[476,650,1177,1199]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="44" pageNumber="418" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glandulosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF871E6DFE35FB67FD06C2F4" box="[476,650,1177,1199]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">P. glandulosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF871E6DFF4DFB45FEA6C297" authority="Biju & Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju & Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[164,298,1208,1229]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="44" pageNumber="418" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jayarami" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF871E6DFF4DFB45FEA6C297" box="[164,298,1208,1229]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">P. jayarami</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FF871E6DFEDFFB45FE1CC297" box="[310,400,1208,1229]" pageId="44" pageNumber="418" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is distinct from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF871E6DFDB2FB45FD68C297" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1876" box="[603,740,1208,1229]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="44" pageNumber="418" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="beddomii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF871E6DFDB2FB45FD68C297" box="[603,740,1208,1229]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">P. beddomii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the relatively larger male snout–vent length, 26.3 ± 2.0 mm,
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF871E6DFEBCFB08FEE5C350" box="[341,361,1269,1290]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 6 (vs. SVL 19.0 ±
|
||
<quantity id="4CA488ACFF871E6DFDBDFB08FD27C350" box="[596,683,1269,1290]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="44" pageNumber="418" unit="mm" value="2.8">2.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF871E6DFD50FB08FD41C350" box="[697,717,1269,1290]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 11) and yellowish upper arm and hand (vs. forearm completely green in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF871E6DFE8FFACEFE61C31D" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1876" box="[358,493,1330,1352]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="44" pageNumber="418" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="beddomii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF871E6DFE8FFACEFE61C31D" box="[358,493,1330,1352]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">P. beddomii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF871E6DFDEFFACEFD00C312" authority="Biju & Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju & Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[518,652,1331,1352]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="44" pageNumber="418" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jayarami" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF871E6DFDEFFACEFD00C312" box="[518,652,1331,1352]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">P. jayarami</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FF871E6DFD7FFACFFD62C31D" box="[662,750,1330,1351]" pageId="44" pageNumber="418" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is clearly distinguishable from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF871E6DFDECFAACFD3FC33C" baseAuthorityName="Jerdon" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[517,691,1361,1382]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="44" pageNumber="418" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glandulosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF871E6DFDECFAACFD3FC33C" box="[517,691,1361,1382]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">P. glandulosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its extension of dorsal green coloration only to the lower arm of forelimb (vs. dorsal coloration not extending to lower arm, forelimb completely yellow;
|
||
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF871E6DFD9AFA51FD56C398" box="[627,730,1452,1474]" captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="38.[164,243,1842,1861]" captionTargetBox="[185,1422,197,1810]" captionTargetId="figure-0@38.[182,1425,194,1813]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Figure 31. Distribution map. A, Philautus dubois; B, map showing Malabar (shaded in grey), from which the type of Philautus flaviventris was collected; C, Philautus glandulosus; D, Philautus graminirupes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445420" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445420/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">Figs 31C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF871E6DFD01FA50FC8AC398" box="[744,774,1453,1474]" captionStart="Figure 34" captionStartId="40.[164,243,1359,1378]" captionTargetBox="[168,777,888,1329]" captionTargetId="figure-545@40.[168,777,888,1329]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Figure 34. Neotype of Ixalus glandulosus (BMNH 1947.2.27.22) from ‘Manantavadi’ (i.e. Mananthavady)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445426" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445426/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">34</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF871E6DFF4DFA36FF4DC3BB" box="[164,193,1483,1505]" captionStart="Figure 35" captionStartId="40.[164,243,1853,1872]" captionTargetBox="[168,777,1454,1823]" captionTargetId="figure-558@40.[168,777,1454,1823]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Figure 35. Philautus glandulosus: a specimen from Mananthavady (SDB 40239)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445428" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445428/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">35</figureCitation>
|
||
), extension of dorsal colour on lateral side of head (vs. dorsal colour does not extend to lateral side of head, lateral side of head yellow;
|
||
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF871E6DFDD2F9F5FD1CC047" box="[571,656,1544,1566]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="27.[144,223,906,925]" captionTargetBox="[149,1422,197,876]" captionTargetId="figure-381@27.[144,1424,197,876]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Figure 19. Schematic comparison of green-coloured Philautus from the Western Ghats. A, dorsal view, showing coloration of forelimbs and hindlimbs; B, lateral view of head, showing coloration of loreal/tympanic regions and forelimb; C, ventral view of snout, showing shape; D, webbing on feet. The arrows indicate extension of webbing at the fourth toe. Illustrations from left to right are: Philautus akroparallagi sp. nov., Philautus beddomii, Philautus bobingeri, Philautus chalazodes, Philautus chromasynchysi sp. nov., Philautus glandulosus, and Philautus jayarami sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445394" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445394/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">Figs 19</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF871E6DFD48F9F5FD5CC047" box="[673,720,1544,1565]" captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="38.[164,243,1842,1861]" captionTargetBox="[185,1422,197,1810]" captionTargetId="figure-0@38.[182,1425,194,1813]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Figure 31. Distribution map. A, Philautus dubois; B, map showing Malabar (shaded in grey), from which the type of Philautus flaviventris was collected; C, Philautus glandulosus; D, Philautus graminirupes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445420" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445420/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">31C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF871E6DFD09F9F5FD71C044" box="[736,765,1544,1566]" captionStart="Figure 35" captionStartId="40.[164,243,1853,1872]" captionTargetBox="[168,777,1454,1823]" captionTargetId="figure-558@40.[168,777,1454,1823]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Figure 35. Philautus glandulosus: a specimen from Mananthavady (SDB 40239)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445428" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445428/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">35</figureCitation>
|
||
), lateral side, and anterior and posterior surface of thighs white in life and ash grey in preservation (vs. anterior and posterior surface of thighs yellow in life and creamy white or light yellowish in preservation). For differences with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF871E6DFE4AF95FFDEEC0EC" authority="Biju & Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju & Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[419,610,1697,1719]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="44" pageNumber="418" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="akroparallagi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF871E6DFE4AF95FFDEEC0EC" box="[419,610,1697,1719]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">P. akroparallagi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FF871E6DFD99F95FFD42C0ED" box="[624,718,1698,1719]" pageId="44" pageNumber="418" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF871E6DFF4DF93DFEA0C08F" authorityName="Biju & Bossuyt" authorityYear="2005" box="[164,300,1728,1749]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="44" pageNumber="418" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bobingeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF871E6DFF4DF93DFEA0C08F" box="[164,300,1728,1749]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">P. bobingeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, see ‘comparison’ of those species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF2375C1FF801E6AFF79F8CFFE29C139" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445434" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5445434" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445434/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="417" startId="43.[144,223,1842,1861]" targetBox="[165,1402,197,1810]" targetPageId="43">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF801E6AFF79F8CFFE29C139" blockId="43.[144,1421,1842,1891]" pageId="43" pageNumber="417">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF801E6AFF79F8CFFE89C11C" bold="true" box="[144,261,1842,1862]" pageId="43" pageNumber="417">Figure 38.</emphasis>
|
||
Distribution map. A,
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF801E6AFE1BF8CEFD1AC11F" box="[498,662,1843,1862]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="417">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF801E6AFE1BF8CEFD1CC11F" authorityName="Bossuyt" authorityYear="2002" box="[498,656,1843,1862]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="43" pageNumber="417" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="griet">Philautus griet</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
B,
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF801E6AFD55F8CFFB8EC11C" bold="true" box="[700,1026,1842,1862]" pageId="43" pageNumber="417">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF801E6AFD55F8CFFC2FC11C" authority="Biju & Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju & Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[700,931,1842,1862]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="43" pageNumber="417" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jayarami" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF801E6AFD55F8CFFC2FC11C" bold="true" box="[700,931,1842,1862]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="417">Philautus jayarami</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FF801E6AFC43F8CEFB8EC11C" box="[938,1026,1843,1862]" pageId="43" pageNumber="417" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
; C,
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF801E6AFBC7F8CFFAE4C11C" bold="true" box="[1070,1384,1842,1862]" pageId="43" pageNumber="417">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF801E6AFBC7F8CFFA84C11F" authority="Biju & Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju & Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[1070,1288,1842,1861]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="43" pageNumber="417" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kaikatti" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF801E6AFBC7F8CFFA84C11F" bold="true" box="[1070,1288,1842,1861]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="417">Philautus kaikatti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FF801E6AFAF9F8CEFAE4C11C" box="[1296,1384,1843,1862]" pageId="43" pageNumber="417" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
; D,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF801E6AFF79F8ADFECFC139" authority="Biju & Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju & Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[144,323,1872,1891]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="43" pageNumber="417" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kani" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF801E6AFF79F8ADFECFC139" bold="true" box="[144,323,1872,1891]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="417">Philautus kani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FF801E6AFEA5F8ADFE29C139" box="[332,421,1872,1891]" pageId="43" pageNumber="417" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF2375C1FF871E6DFF4DFC19FA2EC24F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445436" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5445436" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445436/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="418" startId="44.[164,243,996,1015]" targetBox="[326,1283,198,965]" targetPageId="44">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF871E6DFF4DFC19FA2EC24F" blockId="44.[164,1442,996,1045]" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF871E6DFF4DFC19FE95C5AD" bold="true" box="[164,281,996,1015]" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">Figure 39.</emphasis>
|
||
Holotype of
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF871E6DFE4EFC19FD63C5A2" bold="true" box="[423,751,996,1016]" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF871E6DFE4EFC19FD02C5AD" authority="Biju & Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju & Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[423,654,996,1015]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="44" pageNumber="418" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jayarami" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF871E6DFE4EFC19FD02C5AD" bold="true" box="[423,654,996,1015]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">Philautus jayarami</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FF871E6DFD7FFC18FD63C5A2" box="[662,751,997,1016]" pageId="44" pageNumber="418" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(BNHS 4459). A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view of head; D, ventral view of hand; E, ventral view of foot; F, holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF871E6DFC90FBFFFBC5C24F" authorityName="Biju & Bossuyt" authorityYear="2005" box="[889,1097,1026,1045]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="44" pageNumber="418" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bobingeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF871E6DFC90FBFFFBC5C24F" box="[889,1097,1026,1045]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">Philautus bobingeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, ventral view. Scale bars: 5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF871E6DFF4DF903FAEFC312" blockId="44.[164,778,1789,1903]" lastBlockId="44.[826,1441,1085,1903]" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF871E6DFF4DF903FC86C148" box="[164,778,1789,1811]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">
|
||
Description of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E79BEBFF871E6DFE9AF900FE5DC148" box="[371,465,1789,1810]" pageId="44" pageNumber="418" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(all measurements in mm):
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Medium-sized frog (SVL 26.0) with a slender body (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF871E6DFF45F8C7FE98C115" box="[172,276,1850,1872]" captionStart="Figure 39" captionStartId="44.[164,243,996,1015]" captionTargetBox="[326,1283,198,965]" captionTargetId="figure-453@44.[323,1283,196,967]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="Figure 39. Holotype of Philautus jayarami sp. nov. (BNHS 4459). A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view of head; D, ventral view of hand; E, ventral view of foot; F, holotype of Philautus bobingeri, ventral view. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445436" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445436/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">Figs 39A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF871E6DFECFF8C7FEF0C10A" box="[294,380,1850,1872]" captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="45.[144,223,1129,1148]" captionTargetBox="[148,756,195,1100]" captionTargetId="figure-522@45.[148,756,195,1100]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="Figure 40. A, paratype of Philautus jayarami sp. nov. (BNHS 4461); B, specimen (SDB 40273) from Valparai." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445438" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445438/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">40A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
); head length (HL 10.0) shorter than width (HW 11.0; MN 8.2; MFE 6.1; MBE 3.6); outline of snout in dorsal and ventral views pointed, snout length (SL 4.1) longer than horizontal diameter of eye (EL 3.2); canthus rostralis rounded, loreal region acutely concave; distance between posterior margins of eyes (IBE 9.8) about 1.7 times the distance between anterior margins of eyes (IFE 5.8); tympanum (TYD 1.2) rather indistinct (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF871E6DFB5CFB08FA94C351" box="[1205,1304,1269,1291]" captionStart="Figure 39" captionStartId="44.[164,243,996,1015]" captionTargetBox="[326,1283,198,965]" captionTargetId="figure-453@44.[323,1283,196,967]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="Figure 39. Holotype of Philautus jayarami sp. nov. (BNHS 4459). A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view of head; D, ventral view of hand; E, ventral view of foot; F, holotype of Philautus bobingeri, ventral view. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445436" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445436/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">Fig. 39C</figureCitation>
|
||
); supratympanic fold indistinct; tongue without lingual papilla, and with a round depression towards the base.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF871E6DFCBAFAACFB62C067" blockId="44.[826,1441,1085,1903]" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">
|
||
Forelimb (FLL 5.7) shorter than hand (HAL 8.0; TFL 4.1); fingers without lateral dermal fringe, webbing absent; subarticular tubercles prominent, rounded, single on I1 and II1, double on III1 and IV1, absent on IV2 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF871E6DFC1FFA36FBD6C3BB" box="[1014,1114,1483,1505]" captionStart="Figure 39" captionStartId="44.[164,243,996,1015]" captionTargetBox="[326,1283,198,965]" captionTargetId="figure-453@44.[323,1283,196,967]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="Figure 39. Holotype of Philautus jayarami sp. nov. (BNHS 4459). A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view of head; D, ventral view of hand; E, ventral view of foot; F, holotype of Philautus bobingeri, ventral view. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445436" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445436/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">Fig. 39D</figureCitation>
|
||
); prepollex distinct; palmar tubercle distinct, oval; supernumerary tubercles present on fingers II, III, and IV (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF871E6DFB3AF9F5FABBC044" box="[1235,1335,1544,1566]" captionStart="Figure 39" captionStartId="44.[164,243,996,1015]" captionTargetBox="[326,1283,198,965]" captionTargetId="figure-453@44.[323,1283,196,967]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="Figure 39. Holotype of Philautus jayarami sp. nov. (BNHS 4459). A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view of head; D, ventral view of hand; E, ventral view of foot; F, holotype of Philautus bobingeri, ventral view. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445436" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445436/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">Fig. 39D</figureCitation>
|
||
); nuptial pad weakly developed, creamy white.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF871E6DFCBAF9B8FA16C135" blockId="44.[826,1441,1085,1903]" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B342F14FF871E6DFCBAF9B8FA1AC135" collectionCode="IV, V" longitude="19.39" pageId="44" pageNumber="418" specimenCode="FOL 11.2, TFOL 18.7, III2, IV3, V2" specimenCount="1">
|
||
Hindlimbs moderately long, shank (ShL 13.3) slightly longer than thigh (TL 13.0), and longer than distance from base of inner metatarsal tubercles to tip of toe
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4DBD8CFF871E6DFC47F95FFC46C0ED" box="[942,970,1698,1719]" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">IV</collectionCode>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBFA8D32FF871E6DFC32F95CFBC7C0ED" box="[987,1099,1697,1719]" collectionCode="FOL" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">FOL 11.2</specimenCode>
|
||
); distance from heel to tip of toe
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4DBD8CFF871E6DFC8DF93DFC0CC08F" box="[868,896,1728,1749]" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">IV</collectionCode>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBFA8D32FF871E6DFC66F93DFB81C08C" box="[911,1037,1728,1750]" collectionCode="TFOL" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">TFOL 18.7</specimenCode>
|
||
); webbing moderate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF871E6DFAEAF93DFAD4C08F" box="[1283,1368,1728,1750]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="27.[144,223,906,925]" captionTargetBox="[149,1422,197,876]" captionTargetId="figure-381@27.[144,1424,197,876]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Figure 19. Schematic comparison of green-coloured Philautus from the Western Ghats. A, dorsal view, showing coloration of forelimbs and hindlimbs; B, lateral view of head, showing coloration of loreal/tympanic regions and forelimb; C, ventral view of snout, showing shape; D, webbing on feet. The arrows indicate extension of webbing at the fourth toe. Illustrations from left to right are: Philautus akroparallagi sp. nov., Philautus beddomii, Philautus bobingeri, Philautus chalazodes, Philautus chromasynchysi sp. nov., Philautus glandulosus, and Philautus jayarami sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445394" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445394/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">
|
||
Figs
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE68438EFF871E6DFAD2F93DFAD4C08F" box="[1339,1368,1728,1749]" degrees="19, 39" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="44" pageNumber="418" precision="555" value="19.39">19</geoCoordinate>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF871E6DFA8CF93DFA19C08C" box="[1381,1429,1728,1750]" captionStart="Figure 39" captionStartId="44.[164,243,996,1015]" captionTargetBox="[326,1283,198,965]" captionTargetId="figure-453@44.[323,1283,196,967]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="Figure 39. Holotype of Philautus jayarami sp. nov. (BNHS 4459). A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view of head; D, ventral view of hand; E, ventral view of foot; F, holotype of Philautus bobingeri, ventral view. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445436" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445436/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">39E</figureCitation>
|
||
); reaching almost up to first subarticular tubercle on either side of toe
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4DBD8CFF871E6DFC14F900FB96C148" box="[1021,1050,1789,1810]" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">IV</collectionCode>
|
||
; dermal fringe along toe
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4DBD8CFF871E6DFADAF900FAC9C148" box="[1331,1349,1789,1810]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="44" pageNumber="418" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
|
||
present (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF871E6DFCABF8E1FC29C168" box="[834,933,1820,1842]" captionStart="Figure 39" captionStartId="44.[164,243,996,1015]" captionTargetBox="[326,1283,198,965]" captionTargetId="figure-453@44.[323,1283,196,967]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="Figure 39. Holotype of Philautus jayarami sp. nov. (BNHS 4459). A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view of head; D, ventral view of hand; E, ventral view of foot; F, holotype of Philautus bobingeri, ventral view. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445436" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445436/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">Fig. 39E</figureCitation>
|
||
); subarticular tubercles rather prominent, rounded, simple,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBFA8D32FF871E6DFBEFF8C7FBBDC115" box="[1030,1073,1850,1871]" collectionCode="III" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">III2</specimenCode>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBFA8D32FF871E6DFB98F8C7FB17C115" box="[1137,1179,1850,1871]" collectionCode="IV" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">IV3</specimenCode>
|
||
weakly developed,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBFA8D32FF871E6DFA68F8C7FA2CC115" box="[1409,1440,1850,1871]" collectionCode="V" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="44" pageNumber="418" type="Museum">V2</specimenCode>
|
||
absent; supernumerary tubercles present (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF871E6DFAC2F8A4FA02C135" box="[1323,1422,1881,1903]" captionStart="Figure 39" captionStartId="44.[164,243,996,1015]" captionTargetBox="[326,1283,198,965]" captionTargetId="figure-453@44.[323,1283,196,967]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="Figure 39. Holotype of Philautus jayarami sp. nov. (BNHS 4459). A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view of head; D, ventral view of hand; E, ventral view of foot; F, holotype of Philautus bobingeri, ventral view. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445436" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445436/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="418">Fig. 39E</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF861E6CFCD6FF3BFA02C70C" blockId="45.[806,1422,198,342]" pageId="45" pageNumber="419">
|
||
In preservation: dorsum uniform ash blue, lateral side ash white, loreal and tympanic regions ash blue, lateral region ash white; anterior and posterior surface of thighs ash white with dark blotches (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF861E6CFAF7FEDFFA0DC762" box="[1310,1409,290,312]" captionStart="Figure 39" captionStartId="44.[164,243,996,1015]" captionTargetBox="[326,1283,198,965]" captionTargetId="figure-453@44.[323,1283,196,967]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="Figure 39. Holotype of Philautus jayarami sp. nov. (BNHS 4459). A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view of head; D, ventral view of hand; E, ventral view of foot; F, holotype of Philautus bobingeri, ventral view. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445436" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445436/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="419">Fig. 39A</figureCitation>
|
||
); limbs without cross bands; ventral side uniform white.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF861E6CFCCFFE83FCF5C411" blockId="45.[806,1421,382,587]" pageId="45" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF861E6CFCCFFE83FC1BC7C9" box="[806,919,382,403]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="419">Variation:</emphasis>
|
||
Measurements of five individuals from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E79BEBFF861E6CFCCFFE60FCDBC7E8" box="[806,855,413,434]" pageId="45" pageNumber="419">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series are given in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6DE10F2FF861E6CFBB8FE61FB2AC7EB" box="[1105,1190,412,434]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="10.[113,177,400,421]" captionText="Table 2. Morphometric measurements (in mm) of the specimens used in this study" pageId="45" pageNumber="419">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
. BNHS 4460, dark green with a purplish streak from snout, along the side of head to near the vent in life, turns to dark purplish dorsum and light-purple streak in preservation; BNHS 4462, blue marking on the thigh is absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF861E6CFCCFFD8EFC03C4BE" blockId="45.[806,1421,627,740]" pageId="45" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF861E6CFCCFFD8EFC28C4D2" box="[806,932,627,648]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="419">Etymology:</emphasis>
|
||
The species is named after K. Jayaram, as a token of appreciation of him as a constant source of inspiration, and for his field support of SDB’s research.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF861E6CFCCFFCF1FC74C5E1" blockId="45.[806,1421,780,955]" pageId="45" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF861E6CFCCFFCF1FB30C57B" box="[806,1212,780,801]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="419">Distribution and natural history:</emphasis>
|
||
Andiparai shola (Valparai), and several localities within a 10-km radius in and around the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E79BEBFF861E6CFB90FCB4FB26C504" box="[1145,1194,841,862]" pageId="45" pageNumber="419">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF861E6CFACFFCB4FA05C504" box="[1318,1417,841,863]" captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="43.[144,223,1842,1861]" captionTargetBox="[165,1402,197,1810]" captionTargetId="figure-0@43.[162,1405,194,1813]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="Figure 38. Distribution map. A, Philautus griet; B, Philautus jayarami sp. nov.; C, Philautus kaikatti sp. nov.; D, Philautus kani sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445434" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445434/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="419">Fig. 38B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6DE10F2FF861E6CFCCFFC95FCF4C524" box="[806,888,872,894]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="2.[164,228,200,219]" captionText="Table 1. Collection localities that are discussed in the text. Localities are arranged by state" pageId="45" pageNumber="419">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). All individuals were collected around 20:00 h after heavy rain, from forest undergrowth about
|
||
<quantity id="4CA488ACFF861E6CFA8AFC7BFA01C5C6" box="[1379,1421,902,924]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="45" pageNumber="419" unit="m" value="2.0">2 m</quantity>
|
||
above the ground.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF2375C1FF861E6CFF79FB94FD6EC2C0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445438" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5445438" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445438/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="419" startId="45.[144,223,1129,1148]" targetBox="[148,756,195,1100]" targetPageId="45">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF861E6CFF79FB94FD6EC2C0" blockId="45.[144,759,1129,1178]" pageId="45" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF861E6CFF79FB94FE89C226" bold="true" box="[144,261,1129,1148]" pageId="45" pageNumber="419">Figure 40.</emphasis>
|
||
A, paratype of
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF861E6CFE59FB94FD7BC227" bold="true" box="[432,759,1129,1149]" pageId="45" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF861E6CFE59FB94FD1BC227" authority="Biju & Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju & Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[432,663,1129,1149]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="45" pageNumber="419" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jayarami" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF861E6CFE59FB94FD1BC227" bold="true" box="[432,663,1129,1149]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="419">Philautus jayarami</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FF861E6CFD76FB97FD7BC227" box="[671,759,1130,1149]" pageId="45" pageNumber="419" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(BNHS 4461); B, specimen (SDB 40273) from Valparai.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF861E6CFF41FB1DFE8BC396" blockId="45.[144,759,1248,1484]" pageId="45" pageNumber="419">
|
||
Skin of snout, between eyes, upper eyelids, side of head shagreened to sparsely granular, anterior and posterior parts of back sparsely granular; lateral region shagreened, flank sparsely granular; dorsal part of forelimb, thigh, tibia, and tarsus shagreened to sparsely granular; throat shagreened to granular, chest, belly, and posterior surface of thigh granular (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF861E6CFF71FA4BFF70C396" box="[152,252,1462,1484]" captionStart="Figure 39" captionStartId="44.[164,243,996,1015]" captionTargetBox="[326,1283,198,965]" captionTargetId="figure-453@44.[323,1283,196,967]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="Figure 39. Holotype of Philautus jayarami sp. nov. (BNHS 4459). A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view of head; D, ventral view of hand; E, ventral view of foot; F, holotype of Philautus bobingeri, ventral view. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445436" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445436/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="419">Fig. 39B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF861E6CFF79F9F5FD57C135" blockId="45.[144,759,1544,1903]" pageId="45" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF861E6CFF79F9F5FEFBC047" box="[144,375,1544,1565]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="419">
|
||
Colour of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E79BEBFF861E6CFEFAF9F5FEFEC047" box="[275,370,1544,1565]" pageId="45" pageNumber="419" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
In life: dorsum uniform light green, without markings, lateral side white with bluish black blotches, loreal and tympanic regions light green, iris golden yellow with brown spots, encircled by light-bluish outer ring, lower arm light green, upper arm and hand yellowish, thigh with a green line extending from dorsum to knee, anterior and posterior margins white with bluish black blotches, shank almost completely light green, tarsus with an extremely thin light green line, forelimbs and hindlimbs without cross bands; throat light-yellowish white, belly white, hands and feet light yellowish.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |