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<document id="2C5CE1801EEAF0088B27588342A34813" ID-CLB-Dataset="5404" ID-DOI="10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00167.x" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7b2437dc-af23-4f18-a2de-8604d0626989" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4634644" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1616618531341" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Pola, M., Cervera, J. L &amp; Gosliner, T. M." docDate="2005" docId="03B5622CFF9E120BFF6783CEFD63FECE" docLanguage="en" docName="ZoolJLinnSoc.144.167-189.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 144 (2)" docSource="https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00167.x" docStyle="DocumentStyle:0DD8C314D74634CE09062A86991413F8.2:ZoolJLinnSoc.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleId="0DD8C314D74634CE09062A86991413F8" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Roboastra CABOVERDENSIS POLA ET AL. 2003" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="180" masterDocId="FF8C1A54FF931205FFA4855EFFD2FFBC" masterDocTitle="Review of the systematics of the genus Roboastra Bergh, 1877 (Nudibranchia, Polyceridae, Nembrothinae) with the description of a new species from the Galápagos Islands" masterLastPageNumber="189" masterPageNumber="167" pageNumber="180" updateTime="1698934781332" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
<mods:mods id="CC8EB662633C14A40D4F88362DBB09F2" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="E2E029A9E97EE6921057CF8258D22008">Review of the systematics of the genus Roboastra Bergh, 1877 (Nudibranchia, Polyceridae, Nembrothinae) with the description of a new species from the Galápagos Islands</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="614FD21D910DB5853DED4506A9FC3DB1" type="personal">
<mods:role id="58412D3DEB296D70980C1B1BF8A1B26B">
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<mods:namePart id="4C9523FF736C94EB7674C144F8DE5C03">Pola, M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="994E85E47D5C81AE9C93C00FD5D4CAD8">Cervera, J. L</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="CC254933D2B9A6C92F706A4B794BB975">Gosliner, T. M.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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<mods:title id="B528E26B4C1B70C29073BF43D6539BBD">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="53CE1B7FA54BA277DA3D13B3048746A8">
<mods:date id="379ECA74EA1B7203D495EA391293DF01">2005</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="FCD58A23AB1AC7CD9E7EA55D081E71E3" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="49E0EF7B83E10047ECDAB80C6DB49544">2005-06-30</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="4B48F2E321B6EF8D8A112B78F6B11204" type="volume">
<mods:number id="EB45DE7BC5B46938F2F447B3D2174A24">144</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="0AE06F7DDFD09CBF31EAF95E172542FC">2</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="DE67D7D60059004EA6D7AE5FF5A0F9C2">167</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="70783B9A13C173C603FEA7DE340AB2D2">https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00167.x</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="C3F246A18BD13DC6B1C563AE3887BC36">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="7EF2EE30F6A52288DBFBEA0BFA918465" type="CLB-Dataset">5404</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="8756B83B20B5E23AAF121D20EC180EC6" type="DOI">10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00167.x</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03B5622CFF9E120BFF6783CEFD63FECE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5113678" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183630586" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5113678" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B5622CFF9E120BFF6783CEFD63FECE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B5622CFF9E120BFF6783CEFD63FECE" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="180" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">
<subSubSection id="C30680B1FF9E1208FF6783CEFD3BF91B" box="[195,745,1679,1703]" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BA3D33AFF9E1208FF6783CEFD3BF91B" blockId="13.[195,745,1679,1735]" box="[195,745,1679,1703]" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">
<heading id="D0EB6456FF9E1208FF6783CEFD3BF91B" box="[195,745,1679,1703]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" reason="5">
<taxonomicName id="4C1CA8B9FF9E1208FF6783CEFD3BF91B" ID-CoL="7PFWD" authority="CABOVERDENSIS POLA ET AL., 2003" authorityName="CABOVERDENSIS POLA ET AL." authorityYear="2003" box="[195,745,1679,1703]" class="Gastropoda" family="Polyceridae" genus="Roboastra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9680F28FF9E1208FF6783CEFDDEF919" box="[195,524,1680,1703]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">ROBOASTRA CABOVERDENSIS</emphasis>
POLA
<emphasis id="B9680F28FF9E1208FDFE83CDFD48F919" box="[602,666,1682,1701]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">ET AL</emphasis>
., 2003
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30680B1FF9E120BFE8C83F1FD63FECE" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="181" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA3D33AFF9E1208FE8C83F1FD56F97B" blockId="13.[195,745,1679,1735]" box="[296,644,1710,1735]" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">
(
<figureCitation id="1327CFBFFF9E1208FE9483F1FE42F97B" box="[304,400,1711,1735]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="4.[142,220,1613,1632]" captionTargetBox="[302,1236,194,1580]" captionTargetId="figure-175@4.[299,1259,188,1580]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 3. Drawings of reproductive systems of Roboastra spp. A, R. gracilis. B, R. luteolineata. C, R. tigris. D, R. europaea (adapted from Pola et al., 2003). E, R. caboverdensis. F, R. leonis sp. nov. Scale bar = 1 mm. Abbreviations: am, ampulla; bc, bursa copulatrix; fglm, female gland mass; ga, genital atrium; p, penis; pr, prostate; rs, receptaculum seminis, ud, uterine duct; va, vagina; vd, vas deferens; vgl, vaginal gland." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4634651" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4634651/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">FIGS 3E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1327CFBFFF9E1208FE3983F1FE28F97B" box="[413,506,1710,1735]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[142,220,196,215]" captionTargetId="figure-27@5.[289,1316,198,1882]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 4. Penial morphology of Roboastra spp. A, R. gracilis (CASIZ 087131), scale bar = 30 Mm; B, R. luteolineata (CASIZ 115739), scale bar = 30 Mm. C, R. tigris (NHMLAC 140747), scale bar = 300 Mm. D, R. europaea (MNCN 15.05/46613), scale bar = 50 Mm. E, R. caboverdensis (MNCN 15.05/46614), scale bar = 90 Mm. F, R. leonis sp. nov. (CASIZ 097577), scale bar = 300 Mm. G-I, detail of the three different kinds of spines in R. caboverdensis (MNCN 15.05/46614), scale bar = 10 Mm. J, T. morosa (CASIZ 142786; 35 mm preserved), scale bar = 20 Mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5113662" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5113662/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">4E, G- I</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1327CFBFFF9E1208FDAC83F1FDFEF97B" box="[520,556,1711,1735]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="8.[142,220,1548,1567]" captionTargetBox="[195,1365,197,1514]" captionTargetId="figure-173@8.[195,1368,197,1516]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 6. Photographs of living animals: A, Roboastra luteolineata, Papua New Guinea (photo T.M. Gosliner). B, R. tigris, Mar de Cortés (photo H. Debelius). C1, R. europaea, Carroñera, Spain (light form) (photo L. Tocino). C2, R. europaea, Tarifa, Spain (black form) (photo T.M. Gosliner. D, R. caboverdensis, Cape Verde (photo P. Wirtz). E, R. leonis sp. nov., the Galápagos Islands (photo T.M. Gosliner)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4634657" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4634657/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">6D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1327CFBFFF9E1208FD9D83F1FDAEF97B" box="[569,636,1711,1735]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="9.[162,240,1708,1727]" captionTargetBox="[257,1345,197,1676]" captionTargetId="figure-168@9.[257,1346,197,1676]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 7. Scanning electron micrographs of the radula. A, right half of the radula, Roboastra luteolineata (CASIZ 115739), scale bar = 300 Mm. B, innermost lateral teeth, R. luteolineata (CASIZ 086319), scale bar = 30 Mm. C, left half of the radula, R. tigris (CASIZ 057321), scale bar = 300 Mm. D, outermost lateral teeth, R. tigris (CASIZ 068357), scale bar = 90 Mm. E, innermost lateral teeth, R. europaea (CASIZ 166053); white lines indicate the bifid upper cusp of some inner teeth, scale bar = 200 Mm. F, right half of the radula, R. caboverdensis (MNCN 15.05/46614), scale bar = 300 Mm. G, innermost lateral teeth, R. caboverdensis (MNCN 15.05/46614), scale bar = 90 Mm. H, right half of the radula, R. leonis sp. nov. (CASIZ 097577), scale bar = 300 Mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4634659" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4634659/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">7F, G</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA3D33AFF9E1208FF0683BEFABDFDB0" blockId="13.[162,778,1759,1904]" lastBlockId="13.[826,1443,196,524]" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">
<emphasis id="B9680F28FF9E1208FF0683BEFE5BF949" box="[162,393,1760,1781]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">Material examined:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B74D967FF9E1208FE3283BEFDBCF88F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3325216321" collectingDate="2002-07" collectionCode="CASIZ" country="Cape Verde" elevation="38" location="Archipelago" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" specimenCode="CASIZ 166047" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B9680F28FF9E1208FE3283BEFE28F949" box="[406,506,1760,1781]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">
<typeStatus id="54A76D98FF9E1208FE3283BEFE28F949" box="[406,506,1760,1781]" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<locationDeviation id="9A11CA18FF9E1208FDB48381FEEEF8A8" location="Santo Antao Island" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">
<quantity id="4CE47EDFFF9E1208FDB48381FDABF94A" box="[528,633,1759,1782]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.414016" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" unit="mi" value="15.0">15 miles</quantity>
NW Santo Antao Island
</locationDeviation>
,
<collectingCountry id="F30B93AAFF9E1208FEE883A0FE01F8A8" box="[332,467,1790,1812]" name="Cape Verde" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">Cape Verde</collectingCountry>
<location id="8EC385E1FF9E1208FE7A83A0FDBAF8A8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B5622CFF9E120BFF6783CEFD63FECE:8EC385E1FF9E1208FE7A83A0FDBAF8A8" box="[478,616,1790,1812]" country="Cape Verde" name="Archipelago" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">Archipelago</location>
,
<date id="FFA2F5FAFF9E1208FDD383A0FD3FF8AF" box="[631,749,1790,1812]" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" value="2002-07">
<collectingDate id="EFE60C12FF9E1208FDD383A0FD3FF8AF" box="[631,749,1790,1812]" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" value="2002-07">July 2002</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D1A18B3FF9E1208FD5883A0FEDCF88F" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
,
<elevation id="00313409FF9E1208FEBA8243FE71F88F" box="[286,419,1821,1843]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" unit="m" value="38.0">
<quantity id="4CE47EDFFF9E1208FEBA8243FE85F88E" box="[286,343,1821,1842]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" unit="m" value="38.0">38 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
(
<specimenCode id="DBBA7B41FF9E1208FE138243FDB4F88F" box="[439,614,1821,1843]" collectionCode="CASIZ" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">CASIZ 166047</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<emphasis id="B9680F28FF9E1208FDD98243FF1EF8ED" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">Other material</emphasis>
:
<materialsCitation id="3B74D967FF9E1208FF478262FCD4F8CC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3325216327" accessionNumber="MMF35083" collectingDate="1998-12" collectionCode="MMF" collectorName="P. Wirtz" country="Cape Verde" location="Archipelago" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tarrafal">
<collectingRegion id="49D81DD8FF9E1208FF478262FE91F8EE" box="[227,323,1852,1874]" country="Cape Verde" name="Tarrafal" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">Tarrafal</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F30B93AAFF9E1208FEFD8262FE35F8EE" box="[345,487,1852,1874]" name="Cape Verde" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">Cape Verde</collectingCountry>
<location id="8EC385E1FF9E1208FE5C8262FD50F8EE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B5622CFF9E120BFF6783CEFD63FECE:8EC385E1FF9E1208FE5C8262FD50F8EE" box="[504,642,1852,1874]" country="Cape Verde" name="Archipelago" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" stateProvince="Tarrafal">Archipelago</location>
,
<date id="FFA2F5FAFF9E1208FD3C8262FF09F8D3" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" value="1998-12">
<collectingDate id="EFE60C12FF9E1208FD3C8262FF09F8D3" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" value="1998-12">December 1998</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D1A18B3FF9E1208FF508204FE51F8CC" box="[244,387,1882,1904]" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
,
<quantity id="4CE47EDFFF9E1208FE388204FE3EF8CC" box="[412,492,1882,1904]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" unit="mm" value="25.0">25 mm</quantity>
,
<collectorName id="26E9B6ECFF9E1208FDA18204FD88F8CC" box="[517,602,1882,1904]" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">P.Wirtz</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="ED0D4BFFFF9E1208FDD28204FD6BF8CC" box="[630,697,1882,1904]" country="Portugal" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mme0-gx6r" name="Museu Municipal do Funchal" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">MMF</collectionCode>
35083)
</materialsCitation>
. Banco Joao Valente,
<materialsCitation id="3B74D967FF9E1208FBE6859AFB1CFE8A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3325216332" collectingDate="2002-08" collectionCode="MNCN" collectorName="Malaquias &amp; Banco Joao Valente" country="Cape Verde" elevation="20" location="Island" municipality="Archipelago" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Boa Vista">
<collectingRegion id="49D81DD8FF9E1208FBE6859AFB74FF66" box="[1090,1190,196,218]" country="Cape Verde" name="Boa Vista" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">Boavista</collectingRegion>
<location id="8EC385E1FF9E1208FB12859AFAD2FF66" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B5622CFF9E120BFF6783CEFD63FECE:8EC385E1FF9E1208FB12859AFAD2FF66" box="[1206,1280,196,218]" country="Cape Verde" municipality="Archipelago" name="Island" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" stateProvince="Boa Vista">Island</location>
,
<collectingCountry id="F30B93AAFF9E1208FAB2859AFA70FF66" box="[1302,1442,196,218]" name="Cape Verde" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">Cape Verde</collectingCountry>
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC74940FF9E1208FC9E85BCFC16FF44" box="[826,964,226,248]" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">Archipelago</collectingMunicipality>
,
<date id="FFA2F5FAFF9E1208FC7685BCFBBAFF4B" box="[978,1128,226,247]" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" value="2002-08">
<collectingDate id="EFE60C12FF9E1208FC7685BCFBBAFF4B" box="[978,1128,226,247]" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" value="2002-08">August 2002</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D1A18B3FF9E1208FBD385BCFAD5FF44" box="[1143,1287,226,248]" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
,
<elevation id="00313409FF9E1208FAB285BCFA4CFF44" box="[1302,1438,226,248]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" unit="m" value="20.0">
<quantity id="4CE47EDFFF9E1208FAB285BCFA9DFF44" box="[1302,1359,226,248]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
, 26/
<quantity id="4CE47EDFFF9E1208FCF9845FFC79FEAA" box="[861,939,257,279]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 mm</quantity>
(
<quantity id="4CE47EDFFF9E1208FC1A845FFBDCFEAA" box="[958,1038,257,278]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" unit="mm" value="70.0">70 mm</quantity>
in life), M.A.
<collectorName id="26E9B6ECFF9E1208FB1A845FFAE4FEAB" box="[1214,1334,257,279]" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">Malaquias</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="ED0D4BFFFF9E1208FAEE845FFA4DFEAA" box="[1354,1439,257,278]" country="Spain" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" type="Museum">MNCN</collectionCode>
. 15.05/46614).
<collectorName id="26E9B6ECFF9E1208FC44847EFB1CFE8A" box="[992,1230,288,310]" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">Banco Joao Valente</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B74D967FF9E1208FB45847EFC4AFE2D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3325216312" collectingDate="2002-08" collectionCode="CASIZ" collectorName="M. A. Malaquias" country="Cape Verde" elevation="30" location="Island" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" specimenCode="CASIZ 166052" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Boa Vista">
<collectingRegion id="49D81DD8FF9E1208FB45847EFA97FE8A" box="[1249,1349,288,310]" country="Cape Verde" name="Boa Vista" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">Boavista</collectingRegion>
<location id="8EC385E1FF9E1208FAF7847EFA4CFE8A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B5622CFF9E120BFF6783CEFD63FECE:8EC385E1FF9E1208FAF7847EFA4CFE8A" box="[1363,1438,288,310]" country="Cape Verde" name="Island" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" stateProvince="Boa Vista">Island</location>
,
<collectingCountry id="F30B93AAFF9E1208FC9E8460FC11FEE8" box="[826,963,318,340]" name="Cape Verde" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">Cape Verde</collectingCountry>
,
<date id="FFA2F5FAFF9E1208FC748460FBB5FEEF" box="[976,1127,318,339]" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" value="2002-08">
<collectingDate id="EFE60C12FF9E1208FC748460FBB5FEEF" box="[976,1127,318,339]" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" value="2002-08">August 2002</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D1A18B3FF9E1208FBD38460FAD5FEE8" box="[1143,1287,318,340]" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
,
<elevation id="00313409FF9E1208FAB28460FA4CFEE8" box="[1302,1438,318,340]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" unit="m" value="30.0">
<quantity id="4CE47EDFFF9E1208FAB28460FA9CFEE8" box="[1302,1358,318,340]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
, 31/
<quantity id="4CE47EDFFF9E1208FCF98403FC79FECE" box="[861,939,349,370]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" unit="mm" value="37.0">37 mm</quantity>
(
<quantity id="4CE47EDFFF9E1208FC648403FBC2FECE" box="[960,1040,349,370]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" unit="mm" value="70.0">70 mm</quantity>
in life),
<collectorName id="26E9B6ECFF9E1208FB278403FAEDFECF" box="[1155,1343,349,371]" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">M.A. Malaquias</collectorName>
(
<specimenCode id="DBBA7B41FF9E1208FAF08403FC42FE2D" collectionCode="CASIZ" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">CASIZ 166052</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B74D967FF9E1208FC018422FB05FE51" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3325216303" collectingDate="2002-08" collectingDateMax="2002-10" collectingDateMin="2002-08" collectionCode="MNCN" collectorName="Grande &amp; G. Calado" country="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines" location="Island" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" specimenCode="CASIZ 166050" specimenCount="4" stateProvince="Boa Vista">
<collectingRegion id="49D81DD8FF9E1208FC018422FBDBFE2E" box="[933,1033,380,402]" country="Cape Verde" name="Boa Vista" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">Boavista</collectingRegion>
<location id="8EC385E1FF9E1208FBB78422FB8FFE2E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B5622CFF9E120BFF6783CEFD63FECE:8EC385E1FF9E1208FBB78422FB8FFE2E" box="[1043,1117,380,402]" country="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines" name="Island" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" stateProvince="Boa Vista">Island</location>
,
<date id="FFA2F5FAFF9E1208FBCE8422FAD2FE2D" box="[1130,1280,380,401]" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" value="2002-08">
<collectingDate id="EFE60C12FF9E1208FBCE8422FAD2FE2D" box="[1130,1280,380,401]" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" value="2002-08">August 2002</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D1A18B3FF9E1208FAAA8422FA4CFE2E" box="[1294,1438,380,402]" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
, 13/15/
<quantity id="4CE47EDFFF9E1208FC2484C4FC1DFE0C" box="[896,975,410,432]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" unit="mm" value="18.0">18 mm</quantity>
, C.
<collectorName id="26E9B6ECFF9E1208FBA184C4FB88FE0C" box="[1029,1114,410,432]" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">Grande</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="ED0D4BFFFF9E1208FBCB84C4FB11FE13" box="[1135,1219,410,431]" country="Spain" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" type="Museum">MNCN</collectionCode>
. 15.05/46617).
<collectingCountry id="F30B93AAFF9E1208FADC84C4FC43FE73" name="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">Sao Vicente</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F30B93AAFF9E1208FC0D84E7FBE8FE73" box="[937,1082,441,463]" name="Cape Verde" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">Cape Verde</collectingCountry>
,
<date id="FFA2F5FAFF9E1208FBF584E7FB25FE72" box="[1105,1271,441,463]" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" value="2002-10">
<collectingDate id="EFE60C12FF9E1208FBF584E7FB25FE72" box="[1105,1271,441,463]" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" value="2002-10">October 2002</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D1A18B3FF9E1208FAAB84E7FA4CFE73" box="[1295,1438,441,463]" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
,
<quantity id="4CE47EDFFF9E1208FC9E8486FC58FE51" box="[826,906,472,493]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
,
<collectorName id="26E9B6ECFF9E1208FC3E8486FBDCFE52" box="[922,1038,472,494]" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">G. Calado</collectorName>
(
<specimenCode id="DBBA7B41FF9E1208FB848486FB1DFE51" box="[1056,1231,471,493]" collectionCode="CASIZ" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">CASIZ 166050</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
. Specimens were collected on rocks and were measured preserved.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA3D33AFF9E1208FC9E8777FB86FDE2" blockId="13.[826,1441,553,606]" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">
<emphasis id="B9680F28FF9E1208FC9E8777FC1EFD82" box="[826,972,553,574]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">Distribution:</emphasis>
This species is known only from the
<collectingCountry id="F30B93AAFF9E1208FC9E8716FC6CFDE2" box="[826,958,584,606]" name="Cape Verde" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">Cape Verde</collectingCountry>
Archipelago.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA3D33AFF9E1208FC9E8725FBACFB82" blockId="13.[826,1443,635,1546]" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">
<emphasis id="B9680F28FF9E1208FC9E8725FB29FD2C" box="[826,1275,635,656]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">External and internal morphology:</emphasis>
Described in detail and figured by
<bibRefCitation id="EF8DAECBFF9E1208FBF087C4FAE3FD0C" author="Pola M &amp; Cervera JL &amp; Gosliner TM" box="[1108,1329,666,688]" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" pagination="381 - 392" refId="ref15631" refString="Pola M, Cervera JL, Gosliner TM. 2003. The genus Roboastra Bergh, 1877 (Nudibranchia, Polyceridae, Nembrothinae) in the Atlantic Ocean. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 54 (22): 381 - 392." type="journal article" year="2003">Pola et al. (2003)</bibRefCitation>
and not repeated here. A specimen from
<collectingRegion id="49D81DD8FF9E1208FB1587E6FAC3FD72" box="[1201,1297,696,718]" country="Cape Verde" name="Tarrafal" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">Tarrafal</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F30B93AAFF9E1208FABA87E7FA70FD72" box="[1310,1442,696,718]" name="Cape Verde" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">Cape Verde</collectingCountry>
Archipelago, is illustrated (
<figureCitation id="1327CFBFFF9E1208FB2C8789FB0EFD51" box="[1160,1244,727,749]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="8.[142,220,1548,1567]" captionTargetBox="[195,1365,197,1514]" captionTargetId="figure-173@8.[195,1368,197,1516]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 6. Photographs of living animals: A, Roboastra luteolineata, Papua New Guinea (photo T.M. Gosliner). B, R. tigris, Mar de Cortés (photo H. Debelius). C1, R. europaea, Carroñera, Spain (light form) (photo L. Tocino). C2, R. europaea, Tarifa, Spain (black form) (photo T.M. Gosliner. D, R. caboverdensis, Cape Verde (photo P. Wirtz). E, R. leonis sp. nov., the Galápagos Islands (photo T.M. Gosliner)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4634657" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4634657/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">Fig. 6D</figureCitation>
) to confirm the identity of the material examined. The radular formula of two specimens of
<quantity id="4CE47EDFFF9E1208FBD1864BFB16FC96" box="[1141,1220,789,810]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" unit="mm" value="70.0">70 mm</quantity>
(in life) is 33 ¥ 3– 4.1.1.1.3–4 (
<figureCitation id="1327CFBFFF9E1208FC68866DFBCDFCF5" box="[972,1055,819,841]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="9.[162,240,1708,1727]" captionTargetBox="[257,1345,197,1676]" captionTargetId="figure-168@9.[257,1346,197,1676]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 7. Scanning electron micrographs of the radula. A, right half of the radula, Roboastra luteolineata (CASIZ 115739), scale bar = 300 Mm. B, innermost lateral teeth, R. luteolineata (CASIZ 086319), scale bar = 30 Mm. C, left half of the radula, R. tigris (CASIZ 057321), scale bar = 300 Mm. D, outermost lateral teeth, R. tigris (CASIZ 068357), scale bar = 90 Mm. E, innermost lateral teeth, R. europaea (CASIZ 166053); white lines indicate the bifid upper cusp of some inner teeth, scale bar = 200 Mm. F, right half of the radula, R. caboverdensis (MNCN 15.05/46614), scale bar = 300 Mm. G, innermost lateral teeth, R. caboverdensis (MNCN 15.05/46614), scale bar = 90 Mm. H, right half of the radula, R. leonis sp. nov. (CASIZ 097577), scale bar = 300 Mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4634659" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4634659/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">Fig. 7F</figureCitation>
). The rachidian tooth is broad, clearly curved at the base, having three well-differentiated cusps. The inner lateral tooth is hooked with two well-developed elongate cusps. The inner one is very long, with sharp and curved edges on the inner side and a prominent projection on the outer one. The outer lateral teeth (3–4) are smaller and quadrangular without prongs, and decrease in size from the inner to the outer side of the radula.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA3D33AFF9E1208FCF78119FA70F9B6" blockId="13.[826,1443,635,1546]" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">
The reproductive system is shown in
<figureCitation id="1327CFBFFF9E1208FB5C8119FABFFBE0" box="[1272,1389,1095,1117]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="4.[142,220,1613,1632]" captionTargetBox="[302,1236,194,1580]" captionTargetId="figure-175@4.[299,1259,188,1580]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 3. Drawings of reproductive systems of Roboastra spp. A, R. gracilis. B, R. luteolineata. C, R. tigris. D, R. europaea (adapted from Pola et al., 2003). E, R. caboverdensis. F, R. leonis sp. nov. Scale bar = 1 mm. Abbreviations: am, ampulla; bc, bursa copulatrix; fglm, female gland mass; ga, genital atrium; p, penis; pr, prostate; rs, receptaculum seminis, ud, uterine duct; va, vagina; vd, vas deferens; vgl, vaginal gland." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4634651" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4634651/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">Figure 3E</figureCitation>
. The hermaphroditic duct has an S-shaped ampulla that continues into the spermoviduct. The vas deferens is long and coiled, with a uniform width. It is slightly narrower in the prostatic part. It ends in a dilated penial section. The penis is armed with at least three different kinds of spines arranged in helicoidal rows.
<typeStatus id="54A76D98FF9E1208FC9E8040FCACFA8F" box="[826,894,1310,1331]" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">Types</typeStatus>
of spines and their arrangement on the penis are shown in
<figureCitation id="1327CFBFFF9E1208FC4C8062FB1EFAEE" box="[1000,1228,1339,1362]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[142,220,196,215]" captionTargetId="figure-27@5.[289,1316,198,1882]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 4. Penial morphology of Roboastra spp. A, R. gracilis (CASIZ 087131), scale bar = 30 Mm; B, R. luteolineata (CASIZ 115739), scale bar = 30 Mm. C, R. tigris (NHMLAC 140747), scale bar = 300 Mm. D, R. europaea (MNCN 15.05/46613), scale bar = 50 Mm. E, R. caboverdensis (MNCN 15.05/46614), scale bar = 90 Mm. F, R. leonis sp. nov. (CASIZ 097577), scale bar = 300 Mm. G-I, detail of the three different kinds of spines in R. caboverdensis (MNCN 15.05/46614), scale bar = 10 Mm. J, T. morosa (CASIZ 142786; 35 mm preserved), scale bar = 20 Mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5113662" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5113662/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">Figure 4G- I and E</figureCitation>
, respectively. The bursa copulatrix is rounded and the seminal receptacle is elongate; both are similar in size. The seminal receptacle joins the vagina near the bursa via a short duct. The vagina is short and straight, opening into the genital atrium, near the vaginal gland. This gland is very well developed, flattened, with muscular walls.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA3D33AFF9E120BFC9E8376FD63FECE" blockId="13.[826,1442,1576,1904]" lastBlockId="14.[142,759,196,371]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="181" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">
<emphasis id="B9680F28FF9E1208FC9E8376FC74F981" box="[826,934,1576,1597]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">Remarks:</emphasis>
This species is the second to be described from the Atlantic Ocean.
<taxonomicName id="4C1CA8B9FF9E1208FBCC8318FA51F9E7" authorityName="Pola, Cervera &amp; Gosliner" authorityYear="2003" box="[1128,1411,1606,1627]" class="Gastropoda" family="Polyceridae" genus="Roboastra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caboverdensis">
<emphasis id="B9680F28FF9E1208FBCC8318FA51F9E7" box="[1128,1411,1606,1627]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">Roboastra caboverdensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is very similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C1CA8B9FF9E1208FC4E8338FAA2F9C7" authority="(Garcia Gomez, 1985)" baseAuthorityName="Garcia Gomez" baseAuthorityYear="1985" box="[1002,1392,1637,1659]" class="Gastropoda" family="Polyceridae" genus="Roboastra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="europaea">
<emphasis id="B9680F28FF9E1208FC4E8338FBA2F9C7" box="[1002,1136,1638,1659]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">R. europaea</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8DAECBFF9E1208FBDB833BFABAF9C7" author="Garcia Gomez JC" box="[1151,1384,1637,1659]" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" pagination="169 - 176" refId="ref14804" refString="Garcia Gomez JC. 1985. A new species of Roboastra (Gastropoda, Nudibranchia) from the Gibraltar Strait (Southern Spain). Journal of Molluscan Studies 51: 169 - 176." type="journal article" year="1985">García Gómez, 1985</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, but some external and internal features permit us to distinguish it from its congeneric Atlantic species. The two species differ in their colour pattern. The arrangement of the yellow lines differs in both species; it is denser in
<taxonomicName id="4C1CA8B9FF9E1208FC0A83A1FBE7F8A8" baseAuthorityName="Garcia Gomez" baseAuthorityYear="1985" box="[942,1077,1791,1812]" class="Gastropoda" family="Polyceridae" genus="Roboastra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="europaea">
<emphasis id="B9680F28FF9E1208FC0A83A1FBE7F8A8" box="[942,1077,1791,1812]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">R. europaea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The base of the rachidian radular tooth is more curved in
<taxonomicName id="4C1CA8B9FF9E1208FB2C8240FA96F88E" authorityName="Pola, Cervera &amp; Gosliner" authorityYear="2003" box="[1160,1348,1821,1843]" class="Gastropoda" family="Polyceridae" genus="Roboastra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caboverdensis">
<emphasis id="B9680F28FF9E1208FB2C8240FA96F88E" box="[1160,1348,1821,1843]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">R. caboverdensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
than in
<taxonomicName id="4C1CA8B9FF9E1208FC9E8262FC12F8ED" baseAuthorityName="Garcia Gomez" baseAuthorityYear="1985" box="[826,960,1852,1873]" class="Gastropoda" family="Polyceridae" genus="Roboastra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="europaea">
<emphasis id="B9680F28FF9E1208FC9E8262FC12F8ED" box="[826,960,1852,1873]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">R. europaea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The upper cusp of the inner lateral tooth is simple in
<taxonomicName id="4C1CA8B9FF9E1208FC6D8205FB57F8D3" authorityName="Pola, Cervera &amp; Gosliner" authorityYear="2003" box="[969,1157,1882,1904]" class="Gastropoda" family="Polyceridae" genus="Roboastra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caboverdensis">
<emphasis id="B9680F28FF9E1208FC6D8205FB57F8D3" box="[969,1157,1882,1904]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">R. caboverdensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and bifid in
<taxonomicName id="4C1CA8B9FF9E1208FAB88205FA70F8CC" baseAuthorityName="Garcia Gomez" baseAuthorityYear="1985" box="[1308,1442,1883,1904]" class="Gastropoda" family="Polyceridae" genus="Roboastra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="13" pageNumber="180" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="europaea">
<emphasis id="B9680F28FF9E1208FAB88205FA70F8CC" box="[1308,1442,1883,1904]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="180">R. europaea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see
<figureCitation id="1327CFBFFF9D120BFF65859AFEC6FF65" box="[193,276,196,218]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="9.[162,240,1708,1727]" captionTargetBox="[257,1345,197,1676]" captionTargetId="figure-168@9.[257,1346,197,1676]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 7. Scanning electron micrographs of the radula. A, right half of the radula, Roboastra luteolineata (CASIZ 115739), scale bar = 300 Mm. B, innermost lateral teeth, R. luteolineata (CASIZ 086319), scale bar = 30 Mm. C, left half of the radula, R. tigris (CASIZ 057321), scale bar = 300 Mm. D, outermost lateral teeth, R. tigris (CASIZ 068357), scale bar = 90 Mm. E, innermost lateral teeth, R. europaea (CASIZ 166053); white lines indicate the bifid upper cusp of some inner teeth, scale bar = 200 Mm. F, right half of the radula, R. caboverdensis (MNCN 15.05/46614), scale bar = 300 Mm. G, innermost lateral teeth, R. caboverdensis (MNCN 15.05/46614), scale bar = 90 Mm. H, right half of the radula, R. leonis sp. nov. (CASIZ 097577), scale bar = 300 Mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4634659" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4634659/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="181">Fig. 7E</figureCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C1CA8B9FF9D120BFE83859AFE36FF65" authorityName="Pola, Cervera &amp; Gosliner" authorityYear="2003" box="[295,484,196,217]" class="Gastropoda" family="Polyceridae" genus="Roboastra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="14" pageNumber="181" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caboverdensis">
<emphasis id="B9680F28FF9D120BFE83859AFE36FF65" box="[295,484,196,217]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="181">R. caboverdensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been reported feeding on other polycerids, such as
<taxonomicName id="4C1CA8B9FF9D120BFDAA85BCFD24FF4B" box="[526,758,226,247]" class="Gastropoda" family="Polyceridae" genus="Tambja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="14" pageNumber="181" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fantasmalis">
<emphasis id="B9680F28FF9D120BFDAA85BCFD24FF4B" box="[526,758,226,247]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="181">Tambja fantasmalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Malaquias, pers. comm.). This species has been misidentified as
<taxonomicName id="4C1CA8B9FF9D120BFEC1847EFDE6FE89" box="[357,564,288,309]" class="Gastropoda" family="Polyceridae" genus="Tambja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="14" pageNumber="181" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="ambja" subSpecies="simplex">
<emphasis id="B9680F28FF9D120BFEC1847EFDE6FE89" box="[357,564,288,309]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="181">T. ambja simplex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in http://www. medslug.de and a picture of it is also shown in
<bibRefCitation id="EF8DAECBFF9D120BFD388460FE90FECF" author="Wirtz P &amp; Debelius H" pageId="14" pageNumber="181" refId="ref16261" refString="Wirtz P, Debelius H. 2003. Mediterranean and Atlantic invertebrate guide. From Spain to Turkey. From Norway to the Equator. Hackenheim, Germany: Conch Books." type="book" year="2003">Wirtz &amp; Debelius (2003)</bibRefCitation>
identified as
<taxonomicName id="4C1CA8B9FF9D120BFE448403FD86FECE" authority="Pola &amp; Cervera &amp; Gosliner, 2005" authorityName="Pola &amp; Cervera &amp; Gosliner" authorityYear="2005" box="[480,596,349,370]" class="Gastropoda" family="Polyceridae" genus="Roboastra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="14" pageNumber="181" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9680F28FF9D120BFE448403FD86FECE" box="[480,596,349,370]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="181">Roboastra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25BB253FF9D120BFDF88403FD63FECE" box="[604,689,349,370]" pageId="14" pageNumber="181" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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