278 lines
31 KiB
XML
278 lines
31 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="6256EF994826571F9399CB649665DADC">The genus Brachistosternus (Scorpiones: Bothriuridae) in Chile, with Descriptions of Two New Species</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="4C35779D7E17A756174300B5FC1F4793" ID-CoL="3C85" authorityName="Pocock" authorityYear="1893" box="[815,999,460,484]" class="Arachnida" family="Bothriuridae" genus="Brachistosternus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B941D00C7E17A756174300B5FC1F4793" box="[815,999,460,484]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Brachistosternus</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B941D00C7E17A756179500B5FBE94793" box="[1017,1041,460,484]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">L.</emphasis>
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) sp. 3
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<figureCitation id="130E109B7E17A756170E0093FC2C4475" box="[866,980,490,514]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="23.[112,159,1697,1719]" captionTargetBox="[88,1189,210,1662]" captionTargetId="figure-0@23.[88,1190,210,1662]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figs. 36–43. Diagnostic characters of Chilean Brachistosternus Pocock, 1893. 36, 42. Brachistosternus" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5387682" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5387682/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">figures 41</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="130E109B7E17A756178E0093FC074475" box="[994,1023,490,514]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="27.[112,159,1319,1341]" captionTargetBox="[88,1190,212,1285]" captionTargetId="figure-75@27.[88,1190,210,1285]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Figs. 50–56. Diagnostic characters of Chilean Brachistosternus Pocock, 1893. 50. Brachistosternus (L.) perettii Ojanguren Affilastro and Mattoni, 2006. Telson, male, dorsal aspect. 51. Brachistosternus (L.) sp. 3. Telson, male, dorsal aspect. 52. Brachistosternus (L.) sp. 1. Telotarsus I, dextral leg, internal aspect. 53. Brachistosternus (L.) chango, n.sp. Telotarsus I, dextral leg, internal aspect. 54. Brachistosternus (L.) negrei Cekalovic, 1975. Metasoma, pigmentation pattern, ventral aspect. 55. Brachistosternus (L.) sp. 2. Metasoma, pigmentation pattern, ventral aspect. 56. Brachistosternus (L.) chilensis Kraepelin, 1911. Metasoma, pigmentation pattern, ventral aspect. Scale bars 5 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5387688" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5387688/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">51</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="130E109B7E17A75610600093FBDF4475" box="[1036,1063,490,514]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="39.[112,159,1702,1724]" captionTargetBox="[100,1174,145,1668]" captionTargetId="figure-1@39.[100,1174,145,1668]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Figs. 75–77. The known distributions of Brachistosternus Pocock, 1893 in central-northern Chile (contour interval 500 m). 75. Brachistosternus sp. 1. 76. Brachistosternus sp. 2. 77. Brachistosternus sp. 3." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5387706" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5387706/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">77</figureCitation>
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<paragraph id="8B8A0C1E7E17A75616B40364FC034267" blockId="40.[701,1228,541,1754]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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MATERIAL EXAMINED:
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<collectingCountry id="F3224C8E7E17A75617850364FBBA4442" box="[1001,1090,541,565]" name="Chile" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">CHILE</collectingCountry>
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: Region
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(
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):
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<emphasis id="B941D00C7E17A756173A0342FBF94424" box="[854,1025,571,595]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Elqui Province</emphasis>
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: between Juntas and Paso del Agua Negra [
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30
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02
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, A.A. Ojanguren Affilastro, L. Compagnucci, and A.C. Cuezzo,
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, UV sampling, syntopic with
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<emphasis id="B941D00C7E17A756107103CBFB6B44BD" box="[1053,1171,690,714]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">B. perettii</emphasis>
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and an undescribed species of
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, 53 (MACN-Ar);
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to entrance to ‘‘El Indio’’ gold mine [
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54
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, 2850 m, UV sampling, C.I. Mattoni, J.A. Ochoa, and J. Pizarro Araya,
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(CDA); Cancha Sky, ‘‘El Indio’’ gold mine [
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51
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70
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03
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<date id="FF8B2ADE7E17A756172C02FBFC7645ED" box="[832,910,898,922]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="1992-02">ii.1992</date>
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, Vasquez,
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, under stones, 13 (LEULS); Sancarron, ‘‘El Indio’’ gold mine [
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29
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45
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70
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00
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],
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<date id="FF8B2ADE7E17A756103C02C4FB6645A2" box="[1104,1182,957,981]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="1993-02">ii.1993</date>
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, J. Cepeda-Pizarro,
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, pitfall, syntopic with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C35779D7E17A75616D10280FCD64266" authorityName="Ojanguren Affilastro and Mattoni" authorityYear="2006" box="[701,814,1017,1041]" class="Arachnida" family="Bothriuridae" genus="Brachistosternus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perettii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941D00C7E17A75616D10280FCD64266" box="[701,814,1017,1041]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">B. perettii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D33C7977E17A75617520281FC874267" box="[830,895,1016,1040]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="generic">1 juv.</specimenCount>
|
||
(LEULS).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32F5F957E17A75716B4056EFE514576" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8A0C1E7E17A75616B4056EFC2740F7" blockId="40.[701,1228,541,1754]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
DIAGNOSIS:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C35779D7E17A7561702056EFB9A4258" box="[878,1122,1047,1071]" class="Arachnida" family="Bothriuridae" genus="Brachistosternus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undefined-3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941D00C7E17A7561702056EFBD04258" box="[878,1064,1047,1071]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Brachistosternus</emphasis>
|
||
sp. 3
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is closely related to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C35779D7E17A7561750054CFC33423A" authorityName="Roig Alsina" authorityYear="1977" box="[828,971,1077,1101]" class="Arachnida" family="Bothriuridae" genus="Brachistosternus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="montanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941D00C7E17A7561750054CFC33423A" box="[828,971,1077,1101]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">B. montanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which occurs at the same latitude and in similar habitats on the eastern slopes of the Andes, in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3224C8E7E17A75610790509FB7242FF" box="[1045,1162,1136,1160]" name="Argentina" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Both species possess similar hemispermatophores, in which the distal lamina is slightly curved, medium-sized, and similar in length to the basal portion, the internal spines are absent, the basal spines and row of spines well developed, and the basal triangle weakly developed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130E109B7E17A75616A90446FCE94320" box="[709,785,1343,1367]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="23.[112,159,1697,1719]" captionTargetBox="[88,1189,210,1662]" captionTargetId="figure-0@23.[88,1190,210,1662]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figs. 36–43. Diagnostic characters of Chilean Brachistosternus Pocock, 1893. 36, 42. Brachistosternus" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5387682" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5387682/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">fig. 41</figureCitation>
|
||
). The two species also exhibit a welldeveloped telson gland (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130E109B7E17A75617970424FBAC4302" box="[1019,1108,1373,1397]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="27.[112,159,1319,1341]" captionTargetBox="[88,1190,212,1285]" captionTargetId="figure-75@27.[88,1190,210,1285]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Figs. 50–56. Diagnostic characters of Chilean Brachistosternus Pocock, 1893. 50. Brachistosternus (L.) perettii Ojanguren Affilastro and Mattoni, 2006. Telson, male, dorsal aspect. 51. Brachistosternus (L.) sp. 3. Telson, male, dorsal aspect. 52. Brachistosternus (L.) sp. 1. Telotarsus I, dextral leg, internal aspect. 53. Brachistosternus (L.) chango, n.sp. Telotarsus I, dextral leg, internal aspect. 54. Brachistosternus (L.) negrei Cekalovic, 1975. Metasoma, pigmentation pattern, ventral aspect. 55. Brachistosternus (L.) sp. 2. Metasoma, pigmentation pattern, ventral aspect. 56. Brachistosternus (L.) chilensis Kraepelin, 1911. Metasoma, pigmentation pattern, ventral aspect. Scale bars 5 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5387688" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5387688/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">fig. 51</figureCitation>
|
||
), similar, medium-sized androvestigia, and a VM carina extending the entire length of metasomal segment V. Both species display a similar pigmentation pattern in which the carapace is almost completely pigmented, the tergites possess a broad transverse stripe or three dark spots, connected by dense reticulate pigmentation, and a single VM and paired VL stripes on metasomal segments I–V.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8A0C1E7E17A75716B407FFFE174464" blockId="40.[701,1228,541,1754]" lastBlockId="41.[88,614,211,1066]" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
The two species may be distinguished as follows. The VM stripe of metasomal segments I–IV is broad and faint, joining the VL stripes in all segments of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C35779D7E16A75715EF01AAFF9F477F" class="Arachnida" family="Bothriuridae" genus="Brachistosternus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undefined-3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941D00C7E16A75715EF01AAFDC3469C" box="[387,571,211,235]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Brachistosternus</emphasis>
|
||
sp. 3
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but narrower, more densely pigmented, and does not join the VL stripes in segments I–III, in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C35779D7E16A75714120055FEE94733" authorityName="Roig Alsina" authorityYear="1977" box="[126,273,300,324]" class="Arachnida" family="Bothriuridae" genus="Brachistosternus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="montanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941D00C7E16A75714120055FEE94733" box="[126,273,300,324]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">B. montanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Both species may also be distinguished by the dimensions of the pedipalp chela of the male (the female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C35779D7E16A757143400FCFEAA47EA" box="[88,338,389,413]" class="Arachnida" family="Bothriuridae" genus="Brachistosternus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undefined-3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941D00C7E16A757143400FCFEE847EA" box="[88,272,389,413]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Brachistosternus</emphasis>
|
||
sp. 3
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is presently unknown).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C35779D7E16A757143400DAFE9947CD" box="[88,353,418,443]" class="Arachnida" family="Bothriuridae" genus="Brachistosternus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undefined-3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941D00C7E16A757143400DAFEE847CC" box="[88,272,419,443]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Brachistosternus</emphasis>
|
||
sp. 3
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
exhibits a narrower pedipalp chela, with a length/width ratio of 4.8–5.09, whereas the chela of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C35779D7E16A75715D200A7FDB24781" authorityName="Roig Alsina" authorityYear="1977" box="[446,586,478,502]" class="Arachnida" family="Bothriuridae" genus="Brachistosternus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="montanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941D00C7E16A75715D200A7FDB24781" box="[446,586,478,502]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">B. montanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is broader, varying from 4.01 to 4.37.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8A0C1E7E16A757141E0363FE514576" blockId="41.[88,614,211,1066]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C35779D7E16A757141E0363FE954446" box="[114,365,537,562]" class="Arachnida" family="Bothriuridae" genus="Brachistosternus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undefined-3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941D00C7E16A757141E0363FED24445" box="[114,298,538,562]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Brachistosternus</emphasis>
|
||
sp. 3
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is sympatric with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C35779D7E16A75716210363FF5F4438" authorityName="Ojanguren Affilastro and Mattoni" authorityYear="2006" class="Arachnida" family="Bothriuridae" genus="Brachistosternus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perettii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941D00C7E16A75716210363FF5F4438" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">B. perettii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which may be distinguished by the absence of a VM carina on metasomal segment V, and a telson gland divided into two separate halves (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130E109B7E16A75714C303E9FF0244DF" box="[175,250,656,680]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="27.[112,159,1319,1341]" captionTargetBox="[88,1190,212,1285]" captionTargetId="figure-75@27.[88,1190,210,1285]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Figs. 50–56. Diagnostic characters of Chilean Brachistosternus Pocock, 1893. 50. Brachistosternus (L.) perettii Ojanguren Affilastro and Mattoni, 2006. Telson, male, dorsal aspect. 51. Brachistosternus (L.) sp. 3. Telson, male, dorsal aspect. 52. Brachistosternus (L.) sp. 1. Telotarsus I, dextral leg, internal aspect. 53. Brachistosternus (L.) chango, n.sp. Telotarsus I, dextral leg, internal aspect. 54. Brachistosternus (L.) negrei Cekalovic, 1975. Metasoma, pigmentation pattern, ventral aspect. 55. Brachistosternus (L.) sp. 2. Metasoma, pigmentation pattern, ventral aspect. 56. Brachistosternus (L.) chilensis Kraepelin, 1911. Metasoma, pigmentation pattern, ventral aspect. Scale bars 5 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5387688" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5387688/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">fig. 50</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C35779D7E16A757157C03E9FDFD44DF" box="[272,517,656,680]" class="Arachnida" family="Bothriuridae" genus="Brachistosternus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undefined-3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941D00C7E16A757157C03E9FE3E44DF" box="[272,454,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Brachistosternus</emphasis>
|
||
sp. 3
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
exhibits a well-developed VM carina, extending the entire length of metasomal segment V, and the telson gland is entire (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130E109B7E16A757153D0390FE654576" box="[337,413,745,769]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="27.[112,159,1319,1341]" captionTargetBox="[88,1190,212,1285]" captionTargetId="figure-75@27.[88,1190,210,1285]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Figs. 50–56. Diagnostic characters of Chilean Brachistosternus Pocock, 1893. 50. Brachistosternus (L.) perettii Ojanguren Affilastro and Mattoni, 2006. Telson, male, dorsal aspect. 51. Brachistosternus (L.) sp. 3. Telson, male, dorsal aspect. 52. Brachistosternus (L.) sp. 1. Telotarsus I, dextral leg, internal aspect. 53. Brachistosternus (L.) chango, n.sp. Telotarsus I, dextral leg, internal aspect. 54. Brachistosternus (L.) negrei Cekalovic, 1975. Metasoma, pigmentation pattern, ventral aspect. 55. Brachistosternus (L.) sp. 2. Metasoma, pigmentation pattern, ventral aspect. 56. Brachistosternus (L.) chilensis Kraepelin, 1911. Metasoma, pigmentation pattern, ventral aspect. Scale bars 5 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5387688" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5387688/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">fig. 51</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32F5F957E16A757141E027EFE78425D" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8A0C1E7E16A757141E027EFE2145A6" blockId="41.[88,614,211,1066]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B5D06437E16A757141E027EFE2D45A6" country="Chile" elevation="3300" location="Central Andes" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Coquimbo">
|
||
DISTRIBUTION:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C35779D7E16A75715460271FDD74568" box="[298,559,775,800]" class="Arachnida" family="Bothriuridae" genus="Brachistosternus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undefined-3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941D00C7E16A75715460271FE1A4557" box="[298,482,776,800]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Brachistosternus</emphasis>
|
||
sp. 3
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been collected in the
|
||
<location id="8EEA5AC57E16A75715E8025CFDC0454A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039CBD087E17A757174300B5FE78425D:8EEA5AC57E16A75715E8025CFDC0454A" box="[388,568,805,829]" country="Chile" name="Central Andes" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" stateProvince="Coquimbo">Central Andes</location>
|
||
of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F1C2FC7E16A7571434023BFF2D452D" box="[88,213,834,858]" country="Chile" name="Coquimbo" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Coquimbo</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3224C8E7E16A757148F023BFEE7452D" box="[227,287,834,858]" name="Chile" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Chile</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="130E109B7E16A757155D023BFE86452D" box="[305,382,834,858]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="39.[112,159,1702,1724]" captionTargetBox="[100,1174,145,1668]" captionTargetId="figure-1@39.[100,1174,145,1668]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Figs. 75–77. The known distributions of Brachistosternus Pocock, 1893 in central-northern Chile (contour interval 500 m). 75. Brachistosternus sp. 1. 76. Brachistosternus sp. 2. 77. Brachistosternus sp. 3." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5387706" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5387706/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">fig. 77</figureCitation>
|
||
), between 2850 and
|
||
<quantity id="4CCDA1FB7E16A75714340219FF57450F" box="[88,175,864,888]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="m" value="3300.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0018EB2D7E16A75714340219FF57450F" box="[88,175,864,888]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="m" value="3300.0">3300 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
. The localities where it has been collected fall within the Andes Mediterraneos botanical subregion of the Desierto Florido botanical region (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA471EF7E16A757154F02C0FE3545A6" author="Gajardo, R." box="[291,461,953,977]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refId="ref24518" refString="Gajardo, R. 1993. La vegetacion natural de Chile, clasificacion y distribucion geografica. Santiago de Chile: Editorial Universitaria, 165 pp." type="book" year="1993">Gajardo, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8A0C1E7E16A757141E02AEFE78425D" blockId="41.[88,614,211,1066]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">NOTES: A description of this species is in preparation by Jaime Pizarro, Pablo Agusto, and the first two authors.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |