200 lines
20 KiB
XML
200 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="EC605C45B0911A0E0ABE9F7045A7A584" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3717.2.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fad4163f-156b-4f1a-a5e9-c9f48df52e0a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="248539" ID-ZooBank="C8CDC011-974C-48B4-9E03-88F570EEDE13" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460683027315" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Morehouse, Reid L. & Tobler, Michael" docDate="2013" docId="039504762C661449FF11FE67FCC334D0" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03717p157.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3717 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Orconectes difficilis Faxon 1898" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="128" masterDocId="FFAC7C0E2C7D1452FF86FFBBFFE3316F" masterDocTitle="Crayfishes (Decapoda: Cambaridae) of Oklahoma: identification, distributions, and natural history" masterLastPageNumber="157" masterPageNumber="101" pageNumber="128" updateTime="1698350735770" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="B2E5AE0CBB64380BEA7584FEC0E42858" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="75F69C236E781551B22777291EB8B09C">
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<mods:title id="D7F1D840C4E171A8C3883C747CF6FC21">Crayfishes (Decapoda: Cambaridae) of Oklahoma: identification, distributions, and natural history</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="278CF9FAA77597EE7FA0A076F3ACDD13" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="3CB4F8C204F0E10A4BC7CA3B5E0A0F11">Morehouse, Reid L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="85D1768EAAB84938F4504D81DF8AC625" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="499404C44BFF34EEFDA1B0BC88575895">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="AE4C9B6E06DDDE059D3AACC19E2190EC">Tobler, Michael</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="8718BDEC7C9254A7F579B6EC80BCEAD5">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="07CFC9D953526CF0B0440A548D11AAEB">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="2610A5025184153F4FBDD864A38B33C7">
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<mods:date id="AE489466960D9D040AF161826F53E654">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="AC2508049076455ACC93C2F1BD16CBE6" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="9297B0E4BF8D8D92393019F4530508CC">3717</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="CE714345B8B2E4A5E09EC88D3D0AC597" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="A27998F71E9C75CEA3B6A884FF2575BA">2</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="03953DEFA89A460ABE7057BB6A9B5E6C">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="9D53C108C5127DAB2CC274DCA87582CE" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3717.2.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="5DE3BF6598CC1FB496864E4AC99DC9F3" type="GBIF-Dataset">fad4163f-156b-4f1a-a5e9-c9f48df52e0a</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E05347C7A4A6446D0113E3308F2899D6" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="2EB682BE699CD4BAB3576691EBEBF842" type="Zenodo-Dep">248539</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="039504762C661449FF11FE67FCC334D0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5686026" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119576453" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5686026" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039504762C661449FF11FE67FCC334D0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039504762C661449FF11FE67FCC334D0" lastPageNumber="128" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">
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<subSubSection id="C326E6EB2C661449FF11FE67FD9F33A4" pageId="27" pageNumber="128" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B83B5602C661449FF11FE67FCC33099" blockId="27.[151,800,476,502]" box="[151,800,476,502]" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">
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<heading id="D0CB020C2C661449FF11FE67FCC33099" bold="true" box="[151,800,476,502]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="128" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B94869722C661449FF11FE67FCC33099" bold="true" box="[151,800,476,502]" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3CCEE32C661449FF11FE67FDDD3099" ID-CoL="7W5XN" authority="Faxon, 1898" authorityName="Faxon" authorityYear="1898" box="[151,574,476,502]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cambaridae" genus="Orconectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="difficilis">
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<emphasis id="B94869722C661449FF11FE67FE6B3099" bold="true" box="[151,392,476,502]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">Orconectes difficilis</emphasis>
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(Faxon, 1898)
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</taxonomicName>
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: Painted Crayfish
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B83B5602C661449FF11FD99FD9F33A4" blockId="27.[151,1437,546,1471]" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">
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<emphasis id="B94869722C661449FF11FD99FE493354" bold="true" box="[151,426,546,571]" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">General charateristics.</emphasis>
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Adults rarely exceed
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<quantity id="4CC418852C661449FD2FFD98FD183355" box="[681,763,547,571]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="128" unit="mm" value="80.0">80 mm</quantity>
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in total length. The carapace is robust, depressed, and the areola is closed. The rostrum has prominent lateral spines and a pointed acumen that is shorter than the basal portion. Chelae are triangular and flattened, often as long as the carapace in form I males. In form I males, gonopods are short, stout with central and mesial processes that are short and blunt. In females, the annulus ventralis is diamond shaped (Faxon, 1898).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C326E6EB2C661449FF41FD6DFB083284" pageId="27" pageNumber="128" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B83B5602C661449FF41FD6DFB5A3258" blockId="27.[151,1437,546,1471]" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">
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<emphasis id="B94869722C661449FF41FD6DFE633380" bold="true" box="[199,384,726,751]" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">Life coloration.</emphasis>
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The background color is olive brown to grayish tan. There is black speckling on the chelae and occasional speckling on the carapace and abdomen (
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<figureCitation id="1307A9E52C661449FC88FD41FC63327C" box="[782,896,762,787]" captionStart="FIGURES 45 – 52. 45" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1654,1676]" captionTargetBox="[253,1332,193,1631]" captionTargetId="figure@50.[253,1333,193,1632]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 45 – 52. 45. Orconectes causeyi 46. Potential distribution of Orconectes causeyi 47. Orconectes deanae 48. Potential distribution of Orconectes deanae 49. Orconectes difficilis 50. Potential distribution of Orconectes difficilis 51. Orconectes lancifer 52. Potential distribution of Orconectes lancifer." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248543/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">Figure 49</figureCitation>
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). Fingers may have strong tints of blue to green, especially in form I males, and often have cream to yellow tips. Ventral side is cream to white.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B83B5602C661449FF41FCF9FB083284" blockId="27.[151,1437,546,1471]" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">
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<emphasis id="B94869722C661449FF41FCF9FE633234" bold="true" box="[199,384,834,859]" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">Similar species.</emphasis>
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In Oklahoma,
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<taxonomicName id="4C3CCEE32C661449FDACFCF8FD4B3234" box="[554,680,835,859]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cambaridae" genus="Orconectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="difficilis">
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<collectingCountry id="F32BF5F02C661449FDACFCF8FDDD3235" box="[554,574,835,858]" name="Iceland" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">
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<emphasis id="B94869722C661449FDACFCF8FDDD3235" box="[554,574,835,858]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">O</emphasis>
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</collectingCountry>
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.
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<emphasis id="B94869722C661449FDCAFCF8FD4B3234" box="[588,680,835,859]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">difficilis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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closely resembles
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<taxonomicName id="4C3CCEE32C661449FCFBFCF8FC123234" box="[893,1009,835,859]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cambaridae" genus="Orconectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deanae">
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<collectingCountry id="F32BF5F02C661449FCFBFCF8FC723235" box="[893,913,835,858]" name="Iceland" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">
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<emphasis id="B94869722C661449FCFBFCF8FC723235" box="[893,913,835,858]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">O</emphasis>
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</collectingCountry>
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.
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<emphasis id="B94869722C661449FC26FCF8FC123234" box="[928,1009,835,859]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">deanae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C3CCEE32C661449FBAEFCF8FACE3234" box="[1064,1325,835,859]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cambaridae" genus="Orconectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="palmeri" subSpecies="longimanus">
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<collectingCountry id="F32BF5F02C661449FBAEFCF8FBDF3235" box="[1064,1084,835,858]" name="Iceland" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">
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<emphasis id="B94869722C661449FBAEFCF8FBDF3235" box="[1064,1084,835,858]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">O</emphasis>
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</collectingCountry>
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.
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<emphasis id="B94869722C661449FBCDFCF8FACE3234" box="[1099,1325,835,859]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">palmeri longimanus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. It can be differentiated from
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<taxonomicName id="4C3CCEE32C661449FEF7FCDCFD903211" box="[369,627,870,894]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cambaridae" genus="Orconectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="palmeri" subSpecies="longimanus">
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<collectingCountry id="F32BF5F02C661449FEF7FCDCFE663211" box="[369,389,871,894]" name="Iceland" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">
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<emphasis id="B94869722C661449FEF7FCDCFE663211" box="[369,389,871,894]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">O</emphasis>
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</collectingCountry>
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.
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<emphasis id="B94869722C661449FE15FCDDFD903211" box="[403,627,870,894]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">palmeri longimanus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by the shape of the gonopods in form I males. In
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<taxonomicName id="4C3CCEE32C661449FB1AFCDCFAFA3211" box="[1180,1305,870,894]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cambaridae" genus="Orconectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="difficilis">
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<collectingCountry id="F32BF5F02C661449FB1AFCDCFB533211" box="[1180,1200,871,894]" name="Iceland" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">
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<emphasis id="B94869722C661449FB1AFCDCFB533211" box="[1180,1200,871,894]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">O</emphasis>
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</collectingCountry>
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.
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<emphasis id="B94869722C661449FB3BFCDDFAFA3211" box="[1213,1305,870,894]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">difficilis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the central projection and mesial process are short and less than 1/4 of the total length, while
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<taxonomicName id="4C3CCEE32C661449FBBCFC30FADC32CC" box="[1082,1343,907,931]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cambaridae" genus="Orconectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="palmeri" subSpecies="longimanus">
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<collectingCountry id="F32BF5F02C661449FBBCFC30FBAD32CD" box="[1082,1102,907,930]" name="Iceland" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">
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<emphasis id="B94869722C661449FBBCFC30FBAD32CD" box="[1082,1102,907,930]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">O</emphasis>
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</collectingCountry>
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.
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<emphasis id="B94869722C661449FBDBFC30FADC32CC" box="[1117,1343,907,931]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">palmeri longimanus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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’ central projection and mesial process are long, slender, and more than 1/4 of the total gonopod length.
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<taxonomicName id="4C3CCEE32C661449FB3DFC14FA7F32A9" box="[1211,1436,942,966]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cambaridae" genus="Orconectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="difficilis">
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<emphasis id="B94869722C661449FB3DFC14FA7F32A9" box="[1211,1436,942,966]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">Orconectes difficilis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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differs from
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<taxonomicName id="4C3CCEE32C661449FEA2FC68FE743284" box="[292,407,979,1003]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cambaridae" genus="Orconectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deanae">
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<collectingCountry id="F32BF5F02C661449FEA2FC68FEDB3285" box="[292,312,979,1002]" name="Iceland" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">
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<emphasis id="B94869722C661449FEA2FC68FEDB3285" box="[292,312,979,1002]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">O</emphasis>
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</collectingCountry>
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.
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<emphasis id="B94869722C661449FEC0FC68FE743284" box="[326,407,979,1003]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">deanae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by the curvature in the mesial process (90° angle to the shaft in
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<taxonomicName id="4C3CCEE32C661449FBE1FC68FB393284" box="[1127,1242,979,1003]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cambaridae" genus="Orconectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deanae">
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<emphasis id="B94869722C661449FBE1FC68FB983285" box="[1127,1147,979,1002]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">
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<collectingCountry id="F32BF5F02C661449FBE1FC68FB983285" box="[1127,1147,979,1002]" name="Iceland" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">O</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B94869722C661449FB0FFC68FB393284" box="[1161,1242,979,1003]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">deanae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C326E6EB2C661449FF41FC4DFD103440" pageId="27" pageNumber="128" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8B83B5602C661449FF41FC4DFEFE35F0" blockId="27.[151,1437,546,1471]" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">
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<emphasis id="B94869722C661449FF41FC4DFE153560" bold="true" box="[199,502,1014,1039]" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">Distribution and habitat.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C3CCEE32C661449FD86FC4CFD073561" box="[512,740,1014,1038]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cambaridae" genus="Orconectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="difficilis">
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<emphasis id="B94869722C661449FD86FC4CFD073561" box="[512,740,1014,1038]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">Orconectes difficilis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is a tertiary burrower and occurs in streams of southeastern Oklahoma, southwestern Arkansas, northeastern Texas, and northwestern Louisiana. In Oklahoma,
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<taxonomicName id="4C3CCEE32C661449FB77FBA0FA93355C" box="[1265,1392,1051,1075]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cambaridae" genus="Orconectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="difficilis">
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<emphasis id="B94869722C661449FB77FBA0FA93355C" box="[1265,1392,1051,1075]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">
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<collectingCountry id="F32BF5F02C661449FB77FBA0FAEB355D" box="[1265,1288,1051,1074]" name="Iceland" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">O</collectingCountry>
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. difficilis
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has been found in rocky, clear streams of Pittsburgh, Latimer, and McCurtain Counties. Our ecological niche model indicates that the southeastern quarter of the state provides suitable environmental conditions for
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<taxonomicName id="4C3CCEE32C661449FA9FFBD8FA7F3514" box="[1305,1436,1123,1147]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cambaridae" genus="Orconectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="difficilis">
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<collectingCountry id="F32BF5F02C661449FA9FFBD8FACE3515" box="[1305,1325,1123,1146]" name="Iceland" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94869722C661449FA9FFBD8FACE3515" box="[1305,1325,1123,1146]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">O</emphasis>
|
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</collectingCountry>
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.
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<emphasis id="B94869722C661449FAC6FBD8FA7F3514" box="[1344,1436,1123,1147]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">difficilis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="1307A9E52C661449FF18FB3DFEF335F0" box="[158,272,1158,1183]" captionStart="FIGURES 45 – 52. 45" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1654,1676]" captionTargetBox="[253,1332,193,1631]" captionTargetId="figure@50.[253,1333,193,1632]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 45 – 52. 45. Orconectes causeyi 46. Potential distribution of Orconectes causeyi 47. Orconectes deanae 48. Potential distribution of Orconectes deanae 49. Orconectes difficilis 50. Potential distribution of Orconectes difficilis 51. Orconectes lancifer 52. Potential distribution of Orconectes lancifer." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248543/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">Figure 50</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B83B5602C661449FF41FB11FD103440" blockId="27.[151,1437,546,1471]" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94869722C661449FF41FB11FEB835AC" bold="true" box="[199,347,1194,1219]" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">Life history.</emphasis>
|
||
Information regarding the life history of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3CCEE32C661449FCB9FB10FC2335AC" box="[831,960,1195,1219]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cambaridae" genus="Orconectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="difficilis">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32BF5F02C661449FCB9FB10FCB035AD" box="[831,851,1195,1218]" name="Iceland" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94869722C661449FCB9FB10FCB035AD" box="[831,851,1195,1218]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">O</emphasis>
|
||
</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94869722C661449FCE2FB10FC2335AC" box="[868,960,1195,1219]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">difficilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
comes from a study conducted by Walls (1985), where he reported form I males from June through February, with the majority collected in September and October, and suggests most reproductive activity occurs in September and October. We have collected form II males and females in October in southeast Oklahoma.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C326E6EB2C661449FF41FA81FCC334D0" pageId="27" pageNumber="128" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B83B5602C661449FF41FA81FCE0343D" blockId="27.[151,1437,546,1471]" box="[199,771,1338,1363]" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94869722C661449FF41FA81FE6C343C" bold="true" box="[199,399,1338,1363]" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">Syntopic species.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3CCEE32C661449FE10FA80FD1E343C" box="[406,765,1339,1363]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cambaridae" genus="Orconectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="palmeri" subSpecies="longimanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94869722C661449FE10FA80FD1E343C" box="[406,765,1339,1363]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">Orconectes palmeri longimanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B83B5602C661449FF41FAE5FEF634F4" blockId="27.[151,1437,546,1471]" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94869722C661449FF41FAE5FE583418" bold="true" box="[199,443,1374,1399]" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">Conservation status.</emphasis>
|
||
AFS: Currently Stable; Heritage Rank: Vulnerable (G3); IUCN: Least Concern; ODWC: Not Listed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B83B5602C661449FF41FA1DFCC334D0" blockId="27.[151,1437,546,1471]" box="[199,800,1446,1471]" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94869722C661449FF41FA1DFE2634D0" bold="true" box="[199,453,1446,1471]" pageId="27" pageNumber="128">Additional resources.</emphasis>
|
||
Johnson (2010); Walls (1985).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |