187 lines
16 KiB
XML
187 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document id="09E92F4C281E096086363C9557893F40" ID-CLB-Dataset="32460" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.680.12135" ID-GBIF-Dataset="60c96364-0fcd-4ccd-84af-123d176a6a52" ID-PMC="PMC5523382" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-680-105" ID-PubMed="28769718" ID-ZooBank="657770F9FCFA4D72BB08AFAF7371B1BA" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1313-2970-680-105" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 680" ModsDocTitle="Demosponge diversity from North Sulawesi, with the description of six new species" checkinTime="1502744605313" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Calcinai, Barbara, Bastari, Azzurra, Bavestrello, Giorgio, Bertolino, Marco, Horcajadas, Santiago Bueno, Pansini, Maurizio, Makapedua, Daisy M. & Cerrano, Carlo" docDate="2017" docId="A7EB6EBBDC08087846718600B5C225D7" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 680: 105-150" docOrigin="ZooKeys 680" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.680.12135" docTitle="Rhabdastrella distincta Thiele 1900" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="110" masterDocId="8A0DFFF7FFB02806FFE0A3014E580F49" masterDocTitle="Demosponge diversity from North Sulawesi, with the description of six new species" masterLastPageNumber="150" masterPageNumber="105" pageNumber="108" updateTime="1701374198444" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="B9412F4F5133FCDAA3947F348493774A">Demosponge diversity from North Sulawesi, with the description of six new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3F4CB1316A46DAF6D98221ECAB12268D">Calcinai, Barbara</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8BC2FFA8B14B6984A88045F548CF5C29">Bastari, Azzurra</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1CB39C7D8D439AC2C9DFF99B02F560E5">Bavestrello, Giorgio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F8FCDF330E7EA9F2F60AE743B22B102D">Bertolino, Marco</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B4E44693D5C3443E58C1EE2052646D0F">Horcajadas, Santiago Bueno</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CBB2FB41D87CCA95AA54FBE59FA0E041">Pansini, Maurizio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CE4A034E81DF2C936DDBA773DFBC9F21">Makapedua, Daisy M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E6C6A6CAB118DC5FD4730C8F593BBBB7">Cerrano, Carlo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="C8E4BCDE69C131E1A16E0331DAC1ED2D">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="687BDCAE6186E1068BB3F8219965A487">680</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="C266ECC57AEC342B6A75726C902D60BF">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.680.12135</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="D2FBCB6B259DC9D86991105F5AEA238A">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="EB0E71E91E1EEDD88E88830D69686CC6" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.680.12135</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="0DB701F70FA0F74146D699E7D6195F8C" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-680-105</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="A7EB6EBBDC08087846718600B5C225D7" ID-GBIF-Taxon="132649453" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A7EB6EBBDC08087846718600B5C225D7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A7EB6EBBDC08087846718600B5C225D7" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="110" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">
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<subSubSection id="A59C9427F2483FDBDDE3B5A25C8C0141" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="08166FF331DD9C511D532AC0359B4C19" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">
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<taxonomicName id="D7468013CE5DC96F897D4D2A7112B976" ID-CoL="4RVCJ" authority="Thiele, 1900" authorityName="Thiele" authorityYear="1900" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Rhabdastrella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhabdastrella distincta" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="distincta">Rhabdastrella distincta (Thiele, 1900)</taxonomicName>
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Figure 5
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F1D45FFAE4901802844910C3C6FD88F6" pageId="4" pageNumber="109" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="42423C4406964551371195A72B871962" pageId="4" pageNumber="109">
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<taxonomicName id="F7868D918F3CB418B6B5933796010189" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Coppatias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coppatias distinctus" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="4" pageNumber="109" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="distinctus">
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<pageBreakToken id="AB3F2D9005889FB160405CD5A45BC7EE" pageId="4" pageNumber="109" start="start">Coppatias</pageBreakToken>
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distinctus
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</taxonomicName>
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Thiele, 1900: 56.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8788624953864AE2AD9EA2FC8EA95A7D" pageId="4" pageNumber="109" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="DA1176D43E5B30C9CFB3AE03B76FE57B" pageId="4" pageNumber="109">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A5FCCC525FED9FD964560E3ED172B165" pageId="4" pageNumber="109">BU-560, 26/06/2004, Bualo (Bunaken Island), unknown depth. BU-575, 27/06/2004, Alung Bauna (Bunaken Island), 27 m depth.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="FE201B67C9F1F2121C4DE2EB03CCB3EC" pageId="4" pageNumber="109" type="description">
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<paragraph id="1BAF42B26C95CC30A96286D617EB203F" pageId="4" pageNumber="109">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="70F78297BA41DCE1622F008F6D87FEC5" pageId="4" pageNumber="109">
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The sponge has a massive and irregular shape, a large size, up to 50 cm in diameter, and was exclusively found partially covered by
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<taxonomicName id="2E888C18FFFD1B40C0D8221A13B6689D" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Amphimedon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amphimedon sulcata" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="109" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sulcata">Amphimedon cf. sulcata</taxonomicName>
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(see below). In the part not covered by the epibiotic sponge,
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<taxonomicName id="66CFBF17844D788B5F906F28DF7A7880" lsidName="R. distincta" pageId="4" pageNumber="109" rank="species" species="distincta">R. distincta</taxonomicName>
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is yellow-lemon (Fig. 5A), or dark green (Fig. 5B), turning black when cut or preserved. Wide oscular areas are often evident (Fig. 5A, B).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E46FC7AD646FC1AAE78B87214C1BC810" pageId="4" pageNumber="109">Skeleton. Spherasters are located in the outer part of the sponge, but do not form a real cortex (Fig. 5C, D). The choanosomal skeleton consists of scattered oxeas which tend to form radial tracts towards the peripheral part (Fig. 5C). Oxyasters and oxyspheraster are dispersed in the choanosome.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A2741021FE05FC8188028410003055E0" pageId="4" pageNumber="109">
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Spicules. Megascleres are fusiform oxeas (Fig. 5E) with rather sharp tips, 720 - (832.5
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<normalizedToken id="1520D0C97FF721B6EA036F23E4FB8973" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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65.7) - 990
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<normalizedToken id="298AB8DA88352BFA19B49E00092C8049" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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10 - (13.3
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<normalizedToken id="757BB93008700E7C04A801CA93ED30D7" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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2.9) - 20
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<normalizedToken id="19EFE6D9A8B12F4D7F406245AE244E39" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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. Microscleres are spherasters of variable size, 12.5 - (29.5
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<normalizedToken id="B25B18418CFFF173B62663374A78450B" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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6.4) - 35
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<normalizedToken id="27454094DE72F536B4F66F2D51A05F43" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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in diameter (Fig. 5F), with a large centre and thick rays with sharp or bifurcated tips; oxyasters (Fig. 5G) with small centre and thin rays, 35 - (49
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<normalizedToken id="993FB42F0EF74DB62DD127CBB9D4C1C1" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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8.1) - 65
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<normalizedToken id="454E9F0EC8B084C682C9C49C9A5C3CAA" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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in diameter; oxyspherasters with well-developed centre (Fig. 5H), 10 - (15.1
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<normalizedToken id="83A6363CB9FA8604523D09688C4F278B" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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2.6) - 20
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<normalizedToken id="41DD6D51AF16CA3F0716BD0EE969C237" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="969A38A40D0F9A4FCAA37E2254DD90C1" pageId="4" pageNumber="109">
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<paragraph id="F3E6022FFEBA84BCED3662723D227095" pageId="4" pageNumber="109">
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Figure 5.
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<taxonomicName id="0001F673777A9ABC0FB49467C0ACB2ED" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Rhabdastrella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhabdastrella distincta" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="4" pageNumber="109" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="distincta">Rhabdastrella distincta</taxonomicName>
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(Thiele, 1903) A, B specimens in situ (r), partially covered by the epibiotic sponge
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<taxonomicName id="765F3DE79A848BA3D2D1CB08369548B1" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Amphimedon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amphimedon sulcata" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="109" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sulcata">Amphimedon cf. sulcata</taxonomicName>
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Fromont, 1993 (a) specimen of Figure 5A is BU-575, that of Figure 5B is BU-560 CSEM image of a cross section of
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<taxonomicName id="5996EDE269148CB55A61F89EFC5C41F5" lsidName="R. distincta" pageId="4" pageNumber="109" rank="species" species="distincta">R. distincta</taxonomicName>
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(r) showing the radial tracts of oxeas in proximity of the external part, a indicates the epibiotic sponge
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<taxonomicName id="1E1AE257B7DC66A5629ACA69CFC4BA24" lsidName="A. sulcata" pageId="4" pageNumber="109" rank="species" species="sulcata">A. cf. sulcata</taxonomicName>
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D histological preparation of
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<taxonomicName id="F078370DC4A633C2AA84F25DE776D92F" lsidName="R. distincta" pageId="4" pageNumber="109" rank="species" species="distincta">R. distincta</taxonomicName>
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(r) and
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<taxonomicName id="EC52F0B24D0EA3A3237A4EBA90193CE0" lsidName="A. sulcata" pageId="4" pageNumber="109" rank="species" species="sulcata">A. cf. sulcata</taxonomicName>
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(a) showing spherasters (black arrow) in the peripheral part, and oxeas of
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<taxonomicName id="5ED0CECA6007765FBC4963AA3CDBC6C1" lsidName="R. distincta" pageId="4" pageNumber="109" rank="species" species="distincta">R. distincta</taxonomicName>
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(white arrow) penetrating the tissues of
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<taxonomicName id="D194DC8E59FC7A0E1DCFB9848C480982" lsidName="A. sulcata" pageId="4" pageNumber="109" rank="species" species="sulcata">A. cf. sulcata</taxonomicName>
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E oxea F spheraster G oxyaster H oxyspheraster.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E7E9215531A3AAA25D3397A34DBCA41E" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="110" pageId="4" pageNumber="109" type="remarks">
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<paragraph id="A1BEF334D5CB546CA74CC54827CB6485" pageId="4" pageNumber="109">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D1E4E4AC36A9E272F7F6B4390F7C335D" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="110" pageId="4" pageNumber="109">
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The Indonesian specimens fit with the description of
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<taxonomicName id="55D84A6EB709645904131D5443213E20" lsidName="R. distincta" pageId="4" pageNumber="109" rank="species" species="distincta">R. distincta</taxonomicName>
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in having the same skeletal organisation (characterised by oxeas scattered in the inner part of the sponge and radially arranged close to the surface), absence of triaenes, spherasters in the peripheral part, oxyasters and oxyspheraster scattered in the choanosome. Spicule sizes are comparable to those of the type species that are fusiform oxeas of 850
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<normalizedToken id="997038E7AA785C152DE0C9E3BA10D372" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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25
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<normalizedToken id="63B8A71FECBB8EE38FD2709063747E56" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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, spherasters up to 40
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<normalizedToken id="EC3E57221D3380EA54B3367966D88786" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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, oxyasters up to 80
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<normalizedToken id="227718A8042BC1C7ACA478AAC301831E" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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and oxyspherasters of 15
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<normalizedToken id="EBDABC8487C0B621C2D3CC3FC8C3A46D" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(see
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<bibRefCitation id="FA05337B277A8686A1723E7292A04D47" author="Uriz, MJ" editor="Hooper, JNA" journalOrPublisher="Archives de Zoologie Experimentale et Generale" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" title="A guide to the classification of sponges. 1. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, New York, Boston, Dordrecht, London, Moscow" url="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0747-5_12" year="2002">Uriz 2002</bibRefCitation>
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). The principal difference with
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<normalizedToken id="776A5F35DC6691A6FA0A955973B5286A" originalValue="Thiele’s">Thiele's</normalizedToken>
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original description is
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<pageBreakToken id="F6AFFBBFFF9F023A4F5CF1DFE369B0D1" pageId="5" pageNumber="110" start="start">that</pageBreakToken>
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smooth microscleres were not observed and a real cortex is not detectable in the studied specimens.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3F4E0A35FCAA05023FC996A65B48998F" pageId="5" pageNumber="110">
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This is the first record of the species since the original description of
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<bibRefCitation id="073EB72236D13941ABDCC55DB24CAA8A" author="Thiele, J" journalOrPublisher="Frankfurt" pageId="18" pageNumber="123" pagination="19 - 80" title="Kieselschwaemme von Ternate. I. Abhandlungen herausgegeben von der Senckenbergischen naturforschenden Gesellschaft." volume="25" year="1900">Thiele (1900)</bibRefCitation>
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based on two specimens from Ternate, Indonesia.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D5BA410A3A3B7502774FD3773FC8B0A0" pageId="5" pageNumber="110" type="remarks">
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<paragraph id="BD87654AB26956C22AB3EDC0BF6DBD4A" pageId="5" pageNumber="110">Remarks on the association.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1A0896B90D49DC743B910D5FDE91C024" pageId="5" pageNumber="110">See below.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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||
</document> |