273 lines
22 KiB
XML
273 lines
22 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.190.76494" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9a1b77cf-37db-40fd-802b-6757306407d8" ID-PMC="PMC8897362" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-190-103" ID-Pensoft-UUID="3AE0EB664CCD55A2B2F32A397652A5A0" ID-PubMed="35586787" ModsDocID="1314-2003-190-103" checkinTime="1645800158784" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Leong-Skornickova, Jana, Boehmova, Alzbeta & Tr ần, H ữu Đăng" docDate="2022" docId="1848382C0BE05AC8B2DB1663B0F70714" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 190: 103-111" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 190" docPubDate="2022-02-25" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.190.76494" docTitle="Cheilocostus candidus Skornick., Boehmova & H. Ð. Tr ần 2022, sp.nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="3AE0EB664CCD55A2B2F32A397652A5A0" lastPageNumber="103" masterDocId="3AE0EB664CCD55A2B2F32A397652A5A0" masterDocTitle="A new species and new combination in basally flowering Vietnam Costaceae" masterLastPageNumber="111" masterPageNumber="103" pageNumber="103" updateTime="1668140627780" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A new species and new combination in basally flowering Vietnam Costaceae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Leong-Skornickova, Jana</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4490-3490</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>The Herbarium, Singapore Botanic Gardens, 1 Cluny Road, 259569, Singapore, Singapore</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">jana_skornickova@seznam.cz</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Boehmova, Alzbeta</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1415-8808</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benatska 2, CZ- 128 01, Prague, Czech Republic & Department of Botany, National Museum in Prague, Cirkusova 1740, CZ- 193 00, Prague, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Tr ần, H ữu Đăng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5472-9751</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Becamex Institute of Research and Development, Becamex IDC Corp., 08, Hung Vương St., Hoa Phu Ward, Th ủ D ầu M ột City, Binh Dương Province, Vietnam. & Southern Institute of Ecology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, H ồ Chi Minh City, Vietnam</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-02-25</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>190</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>103</mods:start>
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<mods:end>111</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.190.76494</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.190.76494</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-190-103</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">3AE0EB664CCD55A2B2F32A397652A5A0</mods:identifier>
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||
</mods:mods>
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||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="193838066" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1848382C0BE05AC8B2DB1663B0F70714" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1848382C0BE05AC8B2DB1663B0F70714" lastPageNumber="103" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
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<taxonomicName LSID="1848382C-0BE0-5AC8-B2DB-1663B0F70714" authority="Škorničk., Böhmová & H. Ð. Tr ần" authorityName="Skornick., Boehmova & H. Ð. Tr ần" authorityYear="2022" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Cheilocostus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cheilocostus candidus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="candidus" status="sp.nov.">
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Cheilocostus candidus
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Škorničk">Skornick</normalizedToken>
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.,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Böhmová">Boehmova</normalizedToken>
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& H.Ð.Trần
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="103">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Cheilocostus candidus Skornick., Boehmova & H. Ð. Tr ần sp. nov. A old and young inflorescence B flower C flower dissection (from left): bract, bracteole, calyx, ovary, dorsal corolla lobe, two lateral corolla lobes, floral and staminal tube with stamen attached, labellum D detail of floral (ft) and staminal tube (st) with stamen attached from side and dorsal view E detail of floral and staminal tube dissected with stamen attached to dorsal half (inset: detail of stigma). Based on plant used to prepare the type specimen Leong-Skornickova GRC- 421, photo by Jana Leong-Skornickova." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.190.76494.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650734" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Figures 2</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Cheilocostus candidus Skornick., Boehmova & H. Ð. Tr ần sp. nov. A habit B leaves C detail of young stem with pulvini and bases of leaf blades D detail of young and old stems covered with leaf sheaths E detail of lower surface of the leaf blade. Based on plant used to prepare the type specimen Leong-Skornickova GRC- 421, photo by Jana Leong-Skornickova." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.190.76494.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650735" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">, 3</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
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Similar to
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<taxonomicName lsidName="Ch. tonkinensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="tonkinensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Ch. tonkinensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by its inflorescence appearing at the base of the leafy shoots, but differs by its unbranched or very sparsely branched stems, densely puberulent leaf sheaths, densely puberulous lower side of lamina and cream-white flowers (compared to densely branched stems, glabrous leaf sheaths, glabrous lamina on both sides and yellow flowers with red markings on basal part of the labellum).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.190.76494.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/650735" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Figure 3.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Skornick., Boehmova & H. Ð. Tr ần" authorityYear="2022" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Cheilocostus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cheilocostus candidus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="candidus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Cheilocostus candidus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Škorničk">Skornick</normalizedToken>
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.,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Böhmová">Boehmova</normalizedToken>
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& H.Ð.Trần sp. nov.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">A</emphasis>
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habit
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">B</emphasis>
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leaves
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">C</emphasis>
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detail of young stem with pulvini and bases of leaf blades
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">D</emphasis>
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detail of young and old stems covered with leaf sheaths
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">E</emphasis>
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detail of lower surface of the leaf blade. Based on plant used to prepare the type specimen
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Leong-Škorničková">Leong-Skornickova</normalizedToken>
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GRC-421
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</emphasis>
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, photo by Jana
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Leong-Škorničková">Leong-Skornickova</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
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<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2008-06-20" collectingDateMax="2021-09-21" collectingDateMin="2008-06-20" country="Singapore" location="Botanic Gardens" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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Collected from the material cultivated at the
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<collectingCountry name="Singapore">Singapore</collectingCountry>
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1848382C0BE05AC8B2DB1663B0F70714:310A0EB4BA261EF283B78B38C9C77032" country="Singapore" name="Botanic Gardens">Botanic Gardens</location>
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,
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<collectingDate value="2021-09-21">21 September 2021</collectingDate>
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,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Leong-Škorničková">Leong-Skornickova</normalizedToken>
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GRC-421
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</emphasis>
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(
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<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
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SING (inclusive flowering material in spirit), isotypes E, P, SGN). Originally collected from
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<collectingCountry name="Vietnam">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
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,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Lâm">Lam</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Đ">Đ</normalizedToken>
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ồng Prov.,
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<collectingDate value="2008-06-20">20 June 2008</collectingDate>
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,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Trần et al. 54</emphasis>
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(living material only)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
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Terrestrial, perennial herb in loose small clumps to ca. 2 m tall;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">stems</emphasis>
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up to 2.5 cm in diam. at base, unbranched or barely branched (in stems where the apical part was damaged) with 15-35 leaves, leafless in lower third;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">sheaths</emphasis>
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green, puberulent, becoming brown and papery with age;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">ligule</emphasis>
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1-2 mm long, irregularly truncate, pale green, becoming pale brown with age, puberulous;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">petiole</emphasis>
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2-5 mm long, pale green, bluntly canaliculate (kidney-shaped in cross-section), pubescent;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">lamina</emphasis>
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weakly obovate to elliptic with round to obtuse, slightly unequal base and acuminate apex, 12-28
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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4-11 cm, weakly plicate, somewhat thick, adaxially mid-green, glabrous, abaxially paler green, puberulous.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Inflorescence</emphasis>
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radical, on a separate leafless shoot emerging directly from the rhizome;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">peduncle</emphasis>
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horizontal to ascending, 3-12 cm long, sheaths
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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tubular, green, turning brown with age, densely pubescent, margin irregular;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">spike</emphasis>
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ovoid to narrowly ovoid, up to 20 cm long, 4.5-8 cm wide (narrower in very young, widening as the flowering progresses), composed of up to ca. 120 imbricate bracts, arranged in right-handed spiral, each supporting a single bracteole and single flower (lowermost 5-10 sterile), 1-2 flowers per inflorescence open at a time;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">fertile bracts</emphasis>
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ovate to broadly ovate, to 3.2-5.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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2.5-3.5 cm, cream at base, light green distally, softly pubescent externally, glabrous internally, apex ending in very sharp callus, callus 6-7 mm long, glabrous;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">bracteole</emphasis>
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3-4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.9-1.2 cm long, unequally folded with single sharp keel, white to cream at base, pale green distally, externally softly pubescent, internally glabrous, apex acuminate with very sharp callus, callus ca. 5-7 mm long.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Flower</emphasis>
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9-11 cm long, exserted 5.5-7 cm above the supporting bract;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">calyx</emphasis>
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3.5-4 cm long, cream to pale beige at base, light green distally, densely pubescent, apex 3-lobed, lobes 5-10 mm long, ending with very sharply mucronate callus, each callus ca. 4-5 mm long, glabrous;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">floral tube</emphasis>
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(measured from the apex of ovary to the point of divergence of corolla lobes) 2-2.5 cm long, fused solid with style in basal
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<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
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, white to cream, externally and internally glabrous;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">staminal tube</emphasis>
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(measured from the point of divergence of corolla lobes to the point of divergence of stamen form the labellum) 8-11 mm long, white to cream, externally glabrous or with sparse hair, internally with long glandular hair;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">corolla lobes</emphasis>
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unequal, translucent cream-white, densely pubescent externally, glabrous internally, apex mucronate, mucro to 2-5 mm long, dorsal lobe obovate, symmetric, 5.1- 5.8
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1.9-2.2 cm, lateral lobes unequal in width, asymmetrically obovate, 4.8-5.2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1.7-2 cm;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">labellum</emphasis>
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5.5-6 cm long, ca. 7-8 cm broad (when flattened), broadly obovate with apex often bilobed (lobes overlapping), thickened in the centre, thin towards the margins, cream white to very pale yellow in the central part, adaxially with glandular hair (more dense in central part, nearly glabrous towards the margins), abaxially mostly glabrous with some glandular hairs, margin crisped, with glandular hair;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">stamen</emphasis>
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petaloid, slightly obovate, ca. 2.6 cm long (ca. 3 cm with crest flattened), ca. 6 mm wide at base, ca.1.3 cm wide at widest point, white to cream-white with pale yellow crest, adaxially glabrous, abaxially with sparse long glandular hair, crest 3-4 mm long, ca. 10 mm wide at base, rounded to obtuse, recurved, with glandular hair at margin; thecae 9-10 mm long, 3-4 mm across (both), dehiscing throughout their entire length.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Ovary</emphasis>
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barrel-shaped, 13-16
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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10 mm, cream covered with soft dense beige hair, somewhat flattened and irregularly triangular in cross-section, trilocular with central placentation and apically embedded cream to beige coloured gynopleural nectaries, each locule with many ovules;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">style</emphasis>
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ca. 4 cm long (free part), white, glabrous;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">stigma</emphasis>
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semi-circular, 2 mm long, ca. 4 mm wide, dorso-ventrally flattened, 2-lamellate with dorsal 2-lobed appendage, cream white.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Fruits and seeds</emphasis>
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not seen.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">The specific epithet refers to the white colour of the flower.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Endemic to Vietnam.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="habitat">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Habitat and phenology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">This species occurs near rocky streams in lowland broadleaved evergreen forest, at elevations about 200-300 m. Flowering in the field was observed in June, in cultivation, it extends to October; fruiting has not been so far observed.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="provisional iucn assessment">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Provisional IUCN assessment.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
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The species is, so far, known only from the type locality, where only a few individuals were seen. A suitable habitat exists in the proximity of the type locality and it is, therefore, most likely that the species has a wider area of distribution as it is highly unusual for
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<taxonomicName family="Costaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="family">Costaceae</taxonomicName>
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species to be stenoendemic. Nevertheless, as there is no reliable information on the population sizes or distribution of this species, we propose to treat it currently as Data Deficient (
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<bibRefCitation author="IUCN" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" refId="B4" refString="IUCN, 2019. Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee of the IUCN Species Survival Commission." title="Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee of the IUCN Species Survival Commission." year="2019">IUCN 2019</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="notes">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Notes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Skornick., Boehmova & H. Ð. Tr ần" authorityYear="2022" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Cheilocostus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cheilocostus candidus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="candidus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Cheilocostus candidus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is similar to
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<taxonomicName lsidName="Ch. tonkinensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="tonkinensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Ch. tonkinensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in producing the inflorescence radically. It is, however, fairly easy to recognise it in the field even in sterile conditions by its barely branched leafy shoots, which have densely puberulent leaf sheaths and densely puberulous lower surface of lamina, compared to multi-branched stems and always glabrous leaves of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="Ch. tonkinensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="tonkinensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Ch. tonkinensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
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Axillary branching of the leafy stems has been mentioned as one of the generic descriptions of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Cheilocostus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cheilocostus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Cheilocostus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/25065537" author="Specht, CD" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" pagination="153 - 163" refId="B14" refString="Specht, CD, Stevenson, DW, 2006. A new phylogeny-based generic classification of Costaceae (Zingiberales). Taxon 55 (1): 153 - 163, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/25065537" title="A new phylogeny-based generic classification of Costaceae (Zingiberales)." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/25065537" volume="55" year="2006">Specht and Stevenson (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Since then,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="Ch. borneensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="borneensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Ch. borneensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
A.D. Poulsen, a species that does not have axillary branching has been described (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Poulsen, AD" journalOrPublisher="Gardens' Bulletin (Singapore)" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" pagination="135 - 142" refId="B12" refString="Poulsen, AD, Specht, CD, 2010. A new species of Costaceae from Borneo. Gardens' Bulletin (Singapore) 62: 135 - 142" title="A new species of Costaceae from Borneo." volume="62" year="2010">Poulsen and Specht 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)).
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Skornick., Boehmova & H. Ð. Tr ần" authorityYear="2022" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Cheilocostus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cheilocostus candidus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="candidus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Cheilocostus candidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also does not branch or branches very sparsely (usually only after extensive damage of the main shoot by herbivory or cutting), which is yet another character helpful in the field.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">No other specimens of this species were found in E, HN, K, P, SING, and VNM.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |