549 lines
71 KiB
XML
549 lines
71 KiB
XML
<document id="45638FD42175D8D0752D5F6E1D9EE53E" ID-CLB-Dataset="141501" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.564.1.8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6fc60324-dda6-4afa-9e83-1895694e6484" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7077905" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1663142594461" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Alvarado-Cárdenas, Leonardo O., Pío-León, Juan F. & Chávez-Hernández, María G." docDate="2022" docId="03E4453AFFB9FFA101F63E46DA18FD43" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.564.1.8.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 564 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.7:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Macroscepis sinalobolana L. O. Alvarado, Pio-Leon et M. G. Chavez 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="109" masterDocId="FFDD3D42FFB8FFA4017E381ADE0BFFF3" masterDocTitle="Macroscepis sinalobolana (Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoideae, Gonolobeae) a new and endemic species to Sinaloa, México" masterLastPageNumber="112" masterPageNumber="104" pageNumber="105" updateTime="1699380237919" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:mods id="3EE8D3AFDA113B95958E656E17D5E384" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="E081158037FBA84142C0D9638665100F">
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<mods:title id="71A599F0DA2D21AADF8B7D23B2DFB46B">Macroscepis sinalobolana (Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoideae, Gonolobeae) a new and endemic species to Sinaloa, México</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="17C47B3ABCA57B1DDA0138F8CE26D8C5" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="990B1DFA197CADD5EE32C415CA90725B">
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<mods:roleTerm id="AE40648B88A819FD10545F8AEB1CD85E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="A0E18214925A0AEC0DAE3C622AF7679B">Alvarado-Cárdenas, Leonardo O.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="9928979E9861617CBDEFC2F314BE3C70" type="ORCID">0000-0002-4938-8339</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="2D8D76CA7319FAAD70D1F68E5D3291D5">leonardoac @ ciencias. unam. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4938 - 8339</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="7BF3FEFF5EBD43FA1E309E1B9947A38C" type="email">leonardoac@ciencias.unam.mx</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="52A58B35DE2A7212C0F1AF3FB3D2E8B5" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="B5A6CFA70869F9CD2F57B7275B351B58">
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<mods:roleTerm id="5B2F58144E8E3EA1B5B9A1157BC5C8B7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="903A905F27C3E4E8B2A34839FFDC1559">Pío-León, Juan F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="547BE2B4398BD9AE75D8B7937AC4F734" type="ORCID">0000-0002-1926-110X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="6332FF778293ECF7ADD0D7C317F26772">Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional, Unidad Durango, Código Postal 34220, Victoria de Durango, Durango, México. & Universidad Politécnica del Mar y la Sierra, Código Postal 82700, La Cruz de Elota, Sinaloa, México. & d 1 j 17 kk @ hotmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1926 - 110 X</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="4CA8D4B6C6A4CE8FC190901E2443F497" type="email">d1j17kk@hotmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="BA4D13D2FA8358F08F020D6CCB25AD1D" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="D15E9641C95F6B135408D092CFAF9E50">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="9EA6134CD41A1F1AC973C6D66C8AFDE5">Chávez-Hernández, María G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="F647103C8A194466560D3D55B6F5311A" type="ORCID">0000-0003-1071-9994</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="B240861C822730B363B46B37229FC0EF">mariagchavezh @ ciencias. unam. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 1071 - 9994</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="A21A0CE3C78BD4999AA83D3BD8249AF2" type="email">mariagchavezh@ciencias.unam.mx</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="2ECE3E10497BA914B01B5298294E58FB">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="C57AE5AC75A9A0194DA21D5E9CEB6E5D">
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<mods:title id="AB7AB1839CA34083343454775BBD148C">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="93BF67AE1FEA4AE7BBFD6369F607D41F">
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<mods:date id="CD35C5E7834A46A56B7E55BAA14577F8">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="C27548265A945F8081EFB84E1E4B4A53">2022-09-14</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="05098A981A62A4D2DDE24593D6D2E575">564</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="50036A57C66F2988BEB3394DC665E5F3">104</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="67153F85DCFD57CC1501EAC251ABD0F0">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="CC63C918114A0D4084662A62B746AC91" type="CLB-Dataset">141501</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="A5768B4BF93ED8D3427A88006D66528A" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.564.1.8</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="37EDC116D954A55F00856DF9C157C846" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03E4453AFFB9FFA101F63E46DA18FD43" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7077907" ID-GBIF-Taxon="200289888" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7077907" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E4453AFFB9FFA101F63E46DA18FD43" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E4453AFFB9FFA101F63E46DA18FD43" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="109" pageId="1" pageNumber="105">
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<subSubSection id="C357A7A7FFB9FFA501F63E46DDFBF985" box="[136,1008,1628,1655]" pageId="1" pageNumber="105" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF2F42CFFB9FFA501F63E46DDFBF985" blockId="1.[136,1008,1628,1655]" box="[136,1008,1628,1655]" pageId="1" pageNumber="105">
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<heading id="D0BA4340FFB9FFA501F63E46DDFBF985" box="[136,1008,1628,1655]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="105" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D8FAFFFB9FFA501F63E46DD84F985" ID-CoL="9VHT3" authority="L.O. Alvarado, Pio-Leon et M.G. Chavez" authorityName="L. O. Alvarado, Pio-Leon et M. G. Chavez" authorityYear="2022" box="[136,911,1628,1655]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Macroscepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="1" pageNumber="105" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sinalobolana" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B939283EFFB9FFA501F63E46DFBEF984" bold="true" box="[136,437,1628,1655]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="105">Macroscepis sinalobolana</emphasis>
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L.O. Alvarado, Pío-León
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<emphasis id="B939283EFFB9FFA503A43E47DCE5F985" box="[730,750,1629,1654]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="105">et</emphasis>
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M.G. Chávez
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<emphasis id="B939283EFFB9FFA502E43E46DDFBF985" bold="true" box="[922,1008,1628,1654]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="105">
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20A9545FFB9FFA502E43E46DDFBF985" box="[922,1008,1628,1654]" pageId="1" pageNumber="105" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C357A7A7FFB9FFA501F63EB2DD0DF912" pageId="1" pageNumber="105" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BF2F42CFFB9FFA501F63EB2DD0DF912" blockId="1.[136,1452,1704,1978]" pageId="1" pageNumber="105">
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<materialsCitation id="3B25FE71FFB9FFA501F63EB2DFF5F912" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3903886301" collectingDate="2020-08-23" collectorName="Pio Leon J. F." country="Mexico" county="Type" elevation="105" latitude="24.132778" location="Aurelio Benassini" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-106.73611" municipality="Elota" pageId="1" pageNumber="105" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sinaloa" typeStatus="holotype">
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<collectingCounty id="62938CA0FFB9FFA501F63EB2DEB1F94C" box="[136,186,1704,1727]" pageId="1" pageNumber="105">Type</collectingCounty>
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:—
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<collectingCountry id="F35AB4BCFFB9FFA501A83EB2DF33F94C" box="[214,312,1704,1727]" name="Mexico" pageId="1" pageNumber="105">MÉXICO</collectingCountry>
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.
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<collectingRegion id="49893ACEFFB9FFA5003F3EB2DF86F94D" box="[321,397,1704,1726]" country="Mexico" name="Sinaloa" pageId="1" pageNumber="105">Sinaloa</collectingRegion>
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:
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<collectingMunicipality id="6B966E56FFB9FFA500E83EB2DFC0F94D" box="[406,459,1704,1726]" pageId="1" pageNumber="105">Elota</collectingMunicipality>
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, entrada a presa
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<location id="8E92A2F7FFB9FFA503173EB2DD1EF94D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E4453AFFB9FFA101F63E46DA18FD43:8E92A2F7FFB9FFA503173EB2DD1EF94D" box="[617,789,1704,1726]" country="Mexico" county="Type" latitude="24.132778" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-106.73611" municipality="Elota" name="Aurelio Benassini" pageId="1" pageNumber="105" stateProvince="Sinaloa">Aurelio Benassini</location>
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“El Salto”,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE7992EBFFB9FFA502F43EB2DA08F94D" box="[906,1027,1704,1726]" degrees="24" direction="north" minutes="07" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="105" precision="15" seconds="58" value="24.132778">24°07’58’’N</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="EE7992EBFFB9FFA505773EB2DA98F94D" box="[1033,1171,1704,1726]" degrees="106" direction="west" minutes="44" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="105" precision="15" seconds="10" value="-106.73611">106°44’10’’W</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity id="4CB559C9FFB9FFA505E33EB2DAD7F94E" box="[1181,1244,1704,1726]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" pageId="1" pageNumber="105" unit="m" value="105.0">
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<elevation id="0060131FFFB9FFA505E33EB2DAD7F94E" box="[1181,1244,1704,1726]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" pageId="1" pageNumber="105" unit="m" value="105.0">105 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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||
,
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<date id="FFF3D2ECFFB9FFA505983EB2DB8BF94E" box="[1254,1408,1704,1725]" pageId="1" pageNumber="105" value="2020-08-23">
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||
<collectingDate id="EFB72B04FFB9FFA505983EB2DB8BF94E" box="[1254,1408,1704,1725]" pageId="1" pageNumber="105" value="2020-08-23">23 August 2020</collectingDate>
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</date>
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||
,
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||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFB9FFA504F43EB2DF4FF912" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="105">
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||
<collectorName id="26B891FAFFB9FFA504F43EB2DF16F912" pageId="1" pageNumber="105">Pio León J. F.</collectorName>
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112
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||
</emphasis>
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||
(
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<typeStatus id="54F64A8EFFB9FFA5002E3ED6DFADF911" box="[336,422,1740,1762]" pageId="1" pageNumber="105" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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CIIDIR!
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B25FE71FFB9FFA5037D3ED6DD09F912" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3903886302" box="[515,770,1740,1761]" collectingDate="2020-08-23" collectorName="Pio Leon J. F." country="Mexico" county="Type" elevation="105" latitude="24.132778" location="Aurelio Benassini" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-106.73611" municipality="Elota" pageId="1" pageNumber="105" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sinaloa" typeStatus="isotype">Isotypes FCME! MEXU!)</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C357A7A7FFB9FFA501F63EEADA4CF849" pageId="1" pageNumber="105" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BF2F42CFFB9FFA501F63EEADA4CF849" blockId="1.[136,1452,1704,1978]" pageId="1" pageNumber="105">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D8FAFFFB9FFA501F63EEADF8DF8F6" authorityName="L. O. Alvarado, Pio-Leon et M. G. Chavez" authorityYear="2022" box="[136,390,1776,1797]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Macroscepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="1" pageNumber="105" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sinalobolana">
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<emphasis id="B939283EFFB9FFA501F63EEADF8DF8F6" box="[136,390,1776,1797]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="105">Macroscepis sinalobolana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is morphologically similar to
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D8FAFFFB9FFA503D03EEADD3EF8F6" authorityName="Stevens" authorityYear="1983" baseAuthorityName="Ker Gawler" baseAuthorityYear="1817" box="[686,821,1776,1797]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Macroscepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="1" pageNumber="105" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="diademata">
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<emphasis id="B939283EFFB9FFA503D03EEADD3EF8F6" box="[686,821,1776,1797]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="105">M. diademata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by their flowers are about
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<quantity id="4CB559C9FFB9FFA505413EEADA64F8F6" box="[1087,1135,1776,1797]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="105" unit="cm" value="3.0">3 cm</quantity>
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of diameter, brown to orange in colour, and the corona lobes apices are exerted from the corolla tube; the new species is distinguished from the later by its gynostegial corona that is bilobed at the union with the stipe of gynostegium (vs. trilobed at the union with the stipe in
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D8FAFFFB9FFA505D13F22DB38F8BE" authorityName="Stevens" authorityYear="1983" baseAuthorityName="Ker Gawler" baseAuthorityYear="1817" box="[1199,1331,1848,1869]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Macroscepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="1" pageNumber="105" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="diademata">
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||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFB9FFA505D13F22DB38F8BE" box="[1199,1331,1848,1869]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="105">M. diademata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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); the corona lobes apex are inflexed and slightly bilobed (vs. corona lobes apex erect and truncated in
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D8FAFFFB9FFA5056A3F46DA92F882" authorityName="Stevens" authorityYear="1983" baseAuthorityName="Ker Gawler" baseAuthorityYear="1817" box="[1044,1177,1884,1905]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Macroscepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="1" pageNumber="105" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="diademata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFB9FFA5056A3F46DA92F882" box="[1044,1177,1884,1905]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="105">M. diademata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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); and the fruit wing margins are irregularly crenate to slightly dentate (vs. margins entire to slightly lobulated in
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D8FAFFFB9FFA502A33F9ADA69F866" authorityName="Stevens" authorityYear="1983" baseAuthorityName="Ker Gawler" baseAuthorityYear="1817" box="[989,1122,1920,1941]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Macroscepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="1" pageNumber="105" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="diademata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFB9FFA502A33F9ADA69F866" box="[989,1122,1920,1941]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="105">M. diademata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
). Additionally,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D8FAFFFB9FFA505863F9ADB9EF866" authorityName="L. O. Alvarado, Pio-Leon et M. G. Chavez" authorityYear="2022" box="[1272,1429,1920,1941]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Macroscepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="1" pageNumber="105" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sinalobolana">
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||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFB9FFA505863F9ADB9EF866" box="[1272,1429,1920,1941]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="105">M. sinalobolana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
is endemic to
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||
<collectingRegion id="49893ACEFFB9FFA500533FBEDF7CF849" box="[301,375,1956,1978]" country="Mexico" name="Sinaloa" pageId="1" pageNumber="105">Sinaloa</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
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||
<collectingCountry id="F35AB4BCFFB9FFA500FF3FBEDFC6F849" box="[385,461,1956,1978]" name="Mexico" pageId="1" pageNumber="105">México</collectingCountry>
|
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, while
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D8FAFFFB9FFA5036C3FBEDC9CF84A" authorityName="Stevens" authorityYear="1983" baseAuthorityName="Ker Gawler" baseAuthorityYear="1817" box="[530,663,1956,1977]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Macroscepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="1" pageNumber="105" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="diademata">
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<emphasis id="B939283EFFB9FFA5036C3FBEDC9CF84A" box="[530,663,1956,1977]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="105">M. diademata</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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is found from central
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<collectingCountry id="F35AB4BCFFB9FFA502133FBEDDBDF849" box="[877,950,1956,1978]" name="Mexico" pageId="1" pageNumber="105">México</collectingCountry>
|
||
to
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||
<collectingCountry id="F35AB4BCFFB9FFA502AB3FBEDA37F849" box="[981,1084,1956,1978]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="1" pageNumber="105">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
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||
).
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C357A7A7FFBAFFA601F63884DB6EFC23" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF2F42CFFBAFFA601F63884DB6EFC23" blockId="2.[136,1458,158,1985]" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">
|
||
Herbaceous perennial vines. Latex white.
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBAFFA603153885DCA7FF4A" box="[619,684,159,185]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">Stems</emphasis>
|
||
cylindrical, with mixed indumentum, glandular, yellow trichomes, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CB559C9FFBAFFA601D138D8DF0FFF2E" box="[175,260,194,221]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, eglandular yellow to brown trichomes,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB559C9FFBAFFA6027E38D8DD79FF2E" box="[768,882,194,221]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="3.75" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="3.0">3–4.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBAFFA602C638D9DA0DFF2F" box="[952,1030,195,220]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">Leaves</emphasis>
|
||
petioles
|
||
<quantity id="4CB559C9FFBAFFA6051438D8DAECFF2E" box="[1130,1255,194,221]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" unit="cm" value="1.9" valueMax="2.6" valueMin="1.2">1.2–2.6 cm</quantity>
|
||
long, with mixed indumentum, glandular, yellow trichomes, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CB559C9FFBAFFA603EE38FCDCEDFEF2" box="[656,742,230,257]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, eglandular yellow to brown trichomes,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB559C9FFBAFFA6059A38FCDB60FEF2" box="[1252,1387,230,257]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="2.5">2.5–3.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; laminas 5.5–14 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CB559C9FFBAFFA600243910DFC3FED6" box="[346,456,266,293]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.25" metricValueMax="9.5" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" unit="cm" value="6.25" valueMax="9.5" valueMin="3.0">3–9.5 cm</quantity>
|
||
, elliptic, base bilobate, apex mucronate, abaxially and adaxially pubescent, with long, multiseptate, scattered and sub-appressed trichomes, and a few tiny erect glandular trichomes; secondary veins 5–6 on each side of midvein, more prominent in the abaxial side; (2)4–8 colleters at the base of the midvein on the adaxial side, conical,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB559C9FFBAFFA60198396CDF53FE62" box="[230,344,374,401]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="0.85" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.7">0.7–1 mm</quantity>
|
||
long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBAFFA600E3396CDC35FE63" box="[413,574,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">Inflorescences</emphasis>
|
||
umbelliform, 3–8 flowers; peduncles
|
||
<quantity id="4CB559C9FFBAFFA6029B396CDA46FE62" box="[997,1101,374,401]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" unit="cm" value="1.3" valueMax="1.6" valueMin="1.0">1–1.6 cm</quantity>
|
||
long, with mixed indumentum, glandular, yellow trichomes, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CB559C9FFBAFFA600883980DC47FE46" box="[502,588,410,437]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, eglandular yellow to brown trichomes,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB559C9FFBAFFA605353980DAB6FE46" box="[1099,1213,410,437]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="2.75" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–4 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; bracts linear to lanceolate,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB559C9FFBAFFA6007739A4DF7EFE2A" box="[265,373,446,473]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="13.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="9.5" valueMax="13.0" valueMin="6.0">6–13 mm</quantity>
|
||
×
|
||
<quantity id="4CB559C9FFBAFFA600EB39A4DFD1FE2A" box="[405,474,446,473]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
, pubescent; pedicels 1.1–2 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CB559C9FFBAFFA6025439A4DD73FE2A" box="[810,888,446,473]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" unit="cm" value="0.6">0.6 cm</quantity>
|
||
long, with mixed indumentum, glandular, yellow trichomes, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CB559C9FFBAFFA6005739F8DF75FE0E" box="[297,382,482,509]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, eglandular yellow to brown trichomes,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB559C9FFBAFFA6020A39F8DDDBFE0E" box="[884,976,482,509]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 mm</quantity>
|
||
long.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D8FAFFFBAFFA6056A39F8DA5EFE0F" box="[1044,1109,482,508]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Calyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBAFFA6056A39F8DA5EFE0F" box="[1044,1109,482,508]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">Calyx</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
green, lobes 14–15 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CB559C9FFBAFFA6043739F8DBACFE0E" box="[1353,1447,482,509]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="8.0" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="7.0">7–9 mm</quantity>
|
||
, membranous, glabrous or glabrescent adaxially and abaxially, ovate to elliptic, apex acuminate, 1–2 colleters between each lobe, conical, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CB559C9FFBAFFA600F43A30DFC7FDB6" box="[394,460,554,581]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBAFFA6036A3A30DC61FDB7" box="[532,618,554,580]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">Corolla</emphasis>
|
||
rotate,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB559C9FFBAFFA603BF3A30DD34FDB6" box="[705,831,554,581]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" metricValueMax="3.3" metricValueMin="3.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" unit="cm" value="3.2" valueMax="3.3" valueMin="3.1">3.1–3.3 cm</quantity>
|
||
diameter, brown to orange, tube 7.3–7.5 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CB559C9FFBAFFA604553A30DBA5FDB6" box="[1323,1454,554,581]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="11.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="10.0">10–12 mm</quantity>
|
||
, faucal annulus ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CB559C9FFBAFFA600213A54DFB3FD9A" box="[351,440,590,617]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
thick, green to brownish, corolla lobes ovate, 1.1–1.2 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CB559C9FFBAFFA605393A54DAC2FD9A" box="[1095,1225,590,617]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2999999999999998" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" unit="cm" value="1.2999999999999998" valueMax="1.4" valueMin="1.2">1.2–1.4 cm</quantity>
|
||
, orange, sometimes slightly reticulated, adaxial face strigosus with trichomes ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CB559C9FFBAFFA602453A68DD71FD7E" box="[827,890,626,653]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, abaxial face velutinous with trichomes
|
||
<quantity id="4CB559C9FFBAFFA604FF3A68DEBFFD42" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="2.0" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="1.0">1–3 mm</quantity>
|
||
long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBAFFA601823A8DDF98FD43" box="[252,403,662,689]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">Corona lobes</emphasis>
|
||
fleshy,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB559C9FFBAFFA600923A8CDC54FD42" box="[492,607,662,689]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.85" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="3.85" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.7">3.7–4 mm</quantity>
|
||
long from attachment to stipe, laterally connate and forming a tube adnate to the corolla tube, slightly bilobed at the junction with the stipe, apices free, 1.5–2 × 3.7–4 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CB559C9FFBAFFA605DD3AA0DB27FD26" box="[1187,1324,698,725]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="1.35" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.2">1.2–1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, thickened, laterally concave, exerted and inflexed, slightly bilobed.
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBAFFA603813AC5DD98FD0A" box="[767,915,735,761]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">Gynostegium</emphasis>
|
||
stipitated,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB559C9FFBAFFA605733AC4DA62FD0A" box="[1037,1129,734,761]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="5.0">5–6 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, with a plane to slightly convex stylar head, anthers
|
||
<quantity id="4CB559C9FFBAFFA600B43B18DC28FCEE" box="[458,547,770,797]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="1.6">1.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, wings 1.5 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CB559C9FFBAFFA6027F3B18DD56FCEE" box="[769,861,770,797]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="1.6">1.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBAFFA602143B18DDFAFCEF" box="[874,1009,770,796]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">Pollinarium</emphasis>
|
||
ca. 1.75 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CB559C9FFBAFFA605063B18DAD8FCEE" box="[1144,1235,770,797]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="1.1">1.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
, corpuscle broadly elliptic, ca. 0.6 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CB559C9FFBAFFA600263B3CDFCAFCB2" box="[344,449,806,833]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="0.65">0.65 mm</quantity>
|
||
, brown; caudicle ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CB559C9FFBAFFA603C43B3CDD2AFCB2" box="[698,801,806,833]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="0.55">0.55 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; pollinia pseudoreniform, 1.15 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CB559C9FFBAFFA605983B3CDB4AFCB2" box="[1254,1345,806,833]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
, laterally excavated.
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBAFFA600783B51DF41FC97" box="[262,330,843,868]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">Fruits</emphasis>
|
||
1 rarely 2 per flower, asymmetrically fusiform, 8.5–10.5 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CB559C9FFBAFFA6029B3B50DA30FC96" box="[997,1083,842,869]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" unit="cm" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">3–5 cm</quantity>
|
||
, glabrous to glabrescent, slightly verrucose, 5 complete and 2 incomplete wings, wigs
|
||
<quantity id="4CB559C9FFBAFFA603943B74DD61FC7A" box="[746,874,878,905]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" unit="cm" value="0.55" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.3">0.3–0.8 cm</quantity>
|
||
tall, margin irregularly crenate to slightly dentate.
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBAFFA601F63B88DEC3FC5F" box="[136,200,914,940]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">Seeds</emphasis>
|
||
150–200 per fruit, obovate, compressed, 7 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CB559C9FFBAFFA603C13B88DD0AFC5E" box="[703,769,914,941]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, irregularly dentate distally, verrucose on both sides, more on the concave side, farinaceous on the convex side, margins
|
||
<quantity id="4CB559C9FFBAFFA602693BACDD66FC22" box="[791,877,950,977]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, white coma
|
||
<quantity id="4CB559C9FFBAFFA605423BACDAB2FC22" box="[1084,1209,950,977]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.3" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" unit="cm" value="2.75" valueMax="3.3" valueMin="2.2">2.2–3.3 cm</quantity>
|
||
long.
|
||
<figureCitation id="1376E8A9FFBAFFA6047E3BACDB54FC23" box="[1280,1375,950,976]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1992,2014]" captionTargetBox="[196,1392,190,1967]" captionTargetId="figure-22@3.[196,1392,190,1967]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Macroscepis sinalobolana. A. Leaf. B. Lateral view of the flowers. C. Inflorescences. D. Section of the flower showed the gynostegium and the gynostegial corona. E. Pollinarium. F. Fruits. G. Seeds without coma. H. Ants (Formicidae) visiting the flowers. Abbreviations: GC: gynostegial corona, FA: faucal annulus, LE: pollinia laterally excavated. Photos: J. Pío-León" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7077909" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7077909/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C357A7A7FFBAFFA601C33BC0DEADFBEB" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF2F42CFFBAFFA601C33BC0DEADFBEB" blockId="2.[136,1458,158,1985]" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBAFFA601C33BC0DF48FC07" bold="true" box="[189,323,986,1012]" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">Phenology:</emphasis>
|
||
—Flowering between August and September. Fruiting between October and December (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1376E8A9FFBAFFA604493BC0DBAFFC07" box="[1335,1444,986,1012]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1992,2014]" captionTargetBox="[196,1392,190,1967]" captionTargetId="figure-22@3.[196,1392,190,1967]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Macroscepis sinalobolana. A. Leaf. B. Lateral view of the flowers. C. Inflorescences. D. Section of the flower showed the gynostegium and the gynostegial corona. E. Pollinarium. F. Fruits. G. Seeds without coma. H. Ants (Formicidae) visiting the flowers. Abbreviations: GC: gynostegial corona, FA: faucal annulus, LE: pollinia laterally excavated. Photos: J. Pío-León" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7077909" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7077909/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">Figures 1</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1376E8A9FFBAFFA601F63BE4DE92FBEB" box="[136,153,1022,1048]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1648,1670]" captionTargetBox="[170,1431,207,1607]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[151,1436,190,1624]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Comparison between Macroscepis sinalobolana and similar species.A. Macroscepis sinalobolana inflorescence. B. Section of the flower. C. Macroscepis diademata. D. Section of the flower. E. Macroscepis stevensii. Abbreviations: A: anther, CG: gynostegial corona, a: apex, i: insertion, SH: stylar head. Photos: J. Pío-León (A), L.O. Alvarado-Cárdenas (B–D), P.Aguilar (E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7077911" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7077911/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">2</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C357A7A7FFBAFFA601C33C38DB1EFB5B" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF2F42CFFBAFFA601C33C38DB1EFB5B" blockId="2.[136,1458,158,1985]" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBAFFA601C33C38DFFEFBCF" bold="true" box="[189,501,1058,1084]" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">Distribution and Habitat:</emphasis>
|
||
—
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D8FAFFFBAFFA6036F3C39DD31FBCF" authorityName="L. O. Alvarado, Pio-Leon et M. G. Chavez" authorityYear="2022" box="[529,826,1058,1084]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Macroscepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sinalobolana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBAFFA6036F3C39DD31FBCF" box="[529,826,1058,1084]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">Macroscepis sinalobolana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is found in the state of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49893ACEFFBAFFA6052D3C38DAA1FBCF" box="[1107,1194,1058,1084]" country="Mexico" name="Sinaloa" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">Sinaloa</collectingRegion>
|
||
, in tropical dry forest, observed in areas with low to moderate anthropogenic impact, often associated with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D8FAFFFBAFFA605463C5CDACFFB92" box="[1080,1220,1094,1121]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Lysiloma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBAFFA605463C5CDA95FB93" box="[1080,1182,1094,1120]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">Lysiloma</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Bentham (1844: 82) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D8FAFFFBAFFA601C73C70DF53FB76" box="[185,344,1130,1157]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Vachellia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBAFFA601C73C70DF2AFB77" box="[185,289,1130,1156]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">Vachellia</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC89DDFFBAFFA600213C70DCAAFB77" author="Wight, R. & Arnott, G. A. W." box="[351,673,1130,1156]" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" refId="ref4777" refString="Wight, R. & Arnott, G. A. W. (1834) Leguminosae. Prodromus Florae Peninsulae Indiae Orientalis 1. Parbury, Allen & CO., London, 480 pp." type="book" year="1834">Wight & Arnott (1834: 272)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, growing from 50 to 300 of elevation. (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1376E8A9FFBAFFA6051A3C70DACCFB77" box="[1124,1223,1130,1156]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1665,1687]" captionTargetBox="[174,1426,717,1630]" captionTargetId="figure-276@5.[151,1436,710,1642]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Known distribution of Macroscepis sinalobolana and morphologically related species M. diademata and M. stevensii." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7077913" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7077913/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ants (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D8FAFFFBAFFA6045E3C70DBA8FB77" box="[1312,1443,1130,1156]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Formicidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) were observed visiting the flowers and approached the faucal annulus and the corona lobes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1376E8A9FFBAFFA605EE3C94DB0CFB5B" box="[1168,1287,1166,1192]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1992,2014]" captionTargetBox="[196,1392,190,1967]" captionTargetId="figure-22@3.[196,1392,190,1967]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Macroscepis sinalobolana. A. Leaf. B. Lateral view of the flowers. C. Inflorescences. D. Section of the flower showed the gynostegium and the gynostegial corona. E. Pollinarium. F. Fruits. G. Seeds without coma. H. Ants (Formicidae) visiting the flowers. Abbreviations: GC: gynostegial corona, FA: faucal annulus, LE: pollinia laterally excavated. Photos: J. Pío-León" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7077909" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7077909/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">Figure 1H</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C357A7A7FFBAFFA601C33CA8DB18FAE7" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF2F42CFFBAFFA601C33CA8DB18FAE7" blockId="2.[136,1458,158,1985]" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBAFFA601C33CA8DF43FB3F" bold="true" box="[189,328,1202,1228]" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">Etymology:</emphasis>
|
||
—The specific epithet refers to the name of the state of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49893ACEFFBAFFA602AF3CA8DA2EFB3F" box="[977,1061,1202,1228]" country="Mexico" name="Sinaloa" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">Sinaloa</collectingRegion>
|
||
to which the species is restricted.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49893ACEFFBAFFA601F63CCCDED7FB03" box="[136,220,1238,1264]" country="Mexico" name="Sinaloa" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">Sinaloa</collectingRegion>
|
||
comes from the Cahíta language, where
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D8FAFFFBAFFA603C53CCDDCE6FB02" box="[699,749,1239,1265]" class="Insecta" genus="Sina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBAFFA603C53CCDDCE6FB02" box="[699,749,1239,1265]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">Sina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which means “pitaya” (a columnar
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D8FAFFFBAFFA605E93CCCDB06FB03" box="[1175,1293,1238,1264]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Cactaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBAFFA6042B3CCCDBAFFB03" box="[1365,1444,1238,1264]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">Lobola</emphasis>
|
||
, “rounded”. Thus, Sinalobola, which later derived to
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49893ACEFFBAFFA603AC3CE0DD22FAE7" box="[722,809,1274,1300]" country="Mexico" name="Sinaloa" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">Sinaloa</collectingRegion>
|
||
, means “round pitaya” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC89DDFFBAFFA605483CE0DB0DFAE7" author="CEDEMUN & Centro Nacional de Desarrollo Municipal" box="[1078,1286,1274,1300]" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" refId="ref3712" refString="CEDEMUN (Centro Nacional de Desarrollo Municipal). (1986) Enciclopedia de los municipios de Mexico. Secretaria de Gobernacion. Ciudad de Mexico: Secretaria de Gobernacion. Available from: http: // www. inafed. gob. mx / work / enciclopedia / (accessed June 2021)." type="url" year="1986">CEDEMUN 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C357A7A7FFBAFFA601C33D04DEDAF953" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF2F42CFFBAFFA601C33D04DEDAF953" blockId="2.[136,1458,158,1985]" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBAFFA601C33D04DFB7FACB" bold="true" box="[189,444,1310,1336]" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">Conservation Status:</emphasis>
|
||
—Based on GeoCAT (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC89DDFFBAFFA603BF3D04DDBEFACB" author="Bachman, S. & Moat, J. & Hill, A. & de la Torre, J. & Scott, B." box="[705,949,1310,1336]" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" pagination="117 - 126" refId="ref3624" refString="Bachman, S., Moat, J., Hill, A., de la Torre, J. & Scott, B. (2011) Supporting Red List threat assessments with GeoCAT: Geospatial Conservation Assessment Tool. ZooKeys 150: 117 - 126. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 150.2109" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Bachman
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBAFFA602493D05DD79FACB" box="[823,882,1310,1336]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D8FAFFFBAFFA602B83D05DA8AFACB" authorityName="L. O. Alvarado, Pio-Leon et M. G. Chavez" authorityYear="2022" box="[966,1153,1310,1336]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Macroscepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sinalobolana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBAFFA602B83D05DA8AFACB" box="[966,1153,1310,1336]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">M. sinalobolana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has an EOO=
|
||
<quantity id="4CB559C9FFBAFFA604573D04DBA8FACB" box="[1321,1443,1310,1337]" metricMagnitude="7" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0665" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" unit="km" value="10665.0">10,665 km</quantity>
|
||
<superScript id="7C385964FFBAFFA604DD3D04DBA0FADF" attach="left" box="[1443,1451,1310,1324]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">2</superScript>
|
||
(qualifying for IUCN category: Vulnerable) and AOO=
|
||
<quantity id="4CB559C9FFBAFFA603923D58DD3AFAAF" box="[748,817,1346,1373]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" unit="km" value="52.0">52 km</quantity>
|
||
<superScript id="7C385964FFBAFFA6024F3D58DD32FAA3" attach="left" box="[817,825,1346,1360]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">2</superScript>
|
||
(qualifying for IUCN category: Endangered) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1376E8A9FFBAFFA604423D58DB96FAAF" box="[1340,1437,1346,1372]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1665,1687]" captionTargetBox="[174,1426,717,1630]" captionTargetId="figure-276@5.[151,1436,710,1642]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Known distribution of Macroscepis sinalobolana and morphologically related species M. diademata and M. stevensii." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7077913" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7077913/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). The individuals of this species grow in tropical dry forest and, based on the observations from the second author and Naturalista records, appear to tolerate some anthropogenic impact, growing on the fences of the houses or agricultural land associated with the remaining trees and shrubs.Additionally, this species is not frequent, but some of its populations have numerous individuals, and some of them showed several fruits (Naturalista,
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBAFFA605593DC9DAD4FA1F" box="[1063,1247,1490,1517]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">Sosar 70893741</emphasis>
|
||
, Pío-León comm. pers.). Although individuals of this species have an apparent tolerance to disturbance, the probable decrease in habitat quality due to land use change in the region, may negatively affect populations; likewise, the species is restricted to one state of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35AB4BCFFBAFFA6019E3E24DF3DF9AB" box="[224,310,1598,1624]" name="Mexico" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
and in a reduced area with few populations (<5 localities from herbarium specimens, and 10 localities from Naturalista records), we recommend the inclusion of this species in the category of vulnerable (B1a, biii) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC89DDFFBAFFA6041B3E78DECEF953" author="IUCN Standards & Petitions Subcommittee" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" refId="ref4028" refString="IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee (2019) Guidelines for using the IUCN red list categories and criteria. Version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee. Available from: http: // www. iucnredlist. org / documents / RedListGuidelines. pdf (accessed Jan 2021)" type="book" year="2019">IUCN 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C357A7A7FFBAFFA601C33EB0DCB8F832" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF2F42CFFBAFFA601C33EB0DFEEF8FF" blockId="2.[136,1458,158,1985]" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBAFFA601C33EB0DC4DF937" bold="true" box="[189,582,1706,1732]" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">Additional specimens examined:</emphasis>
|
||
—
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35AB4BCFFBAFFA6031A3EB6DCDEF934" box="[612,725,1708,1735]" name="Mexico" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">MÉXICO</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBAFFA6039C3EB0DD4FF937" bold="true" box="[738,836,1706,1732]" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49893ACEFFBAFFA6039C3EB0DD34F937" box="[738,831,1706,1732]" country="Mexico" name="Sinaloa" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">Sinaloa</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Culiacán de Rosales. Cercanías de Bebelama de San Lorenzo a
|
||
<quantity id="4CB559C9FFBAFFA6007D3ED5DF36F91B" box="[259,317,1742,1769]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" unit="km" value="7.0">7 km</quantity>
|
||
al E de Tabalá,
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBAFFA600893ED5DC85F91B" box="[503,654,1742,1768]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">R. Vega 5766</emphasis>
|
||
(UAS); Sinaloa de Leyva. Cerro del puerto al oriente de Santa Fé,
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBAFFA604EE3ED5DF20F8FF" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">G. Bojórquez 386</emphasis>
|
||
(MEXU, UAS).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF2F42CFFBAFFA601C33F0CDCB8F832" blockId="2.[136,1458,158,1985]" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBAFFA601C33F0CDD24F8C3" bold="true" box="[189,815,1814,1840]" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">Additional observation from Naturalista examined</emphasis>
|
||
:—
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35AB4BCFFBAFFA6022F3F02DDCEF8C0" box="[849,965,1816,1843]" name="Mexico" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">MÉXICO</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBAFFA602AB3F0CDA25F8C3" bold="true" box="[981,1070,1814,1840]" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49893ACEFFBAFFA602AB3F0CDA25F8C3" box="[981,1070,1814,1840]" country="Mexico" name="Sinaloa" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">Sinaloa</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: San Ignacio. Agua Caliente de los Yuriar,
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBAFFA6007B3F21DFEEF8A7" box="[261,485,1850,1877]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">J. Castro 10128264</emphasis>
|
||
. Culiacán de Rosales. Culiacán,
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBAFFA602203F20DA48F8A7" box="[862,1091,1850,1876]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">licepayan 60561687</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBAFFA6052D3F20DAC8F8A7" box="[1107,1219,1850,1876]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">60561690</emphasis>
|
||
. Elota. Elota,
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBAFFA604163F21DEF3F88B" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">J. Pio 38771995</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBAFFA600753F44DF70F88B" box="[267,379,1886,1912]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">44178284</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBAFFA600F03F44DFF5F88B" box="[398,510,1886,1912]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">57867410</emphasis>
|
||
; Miramar, La Cruz,
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBAFFA603873F44DA18F88B" box="[761,1043,1886,1912]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">laurareginaac 54811785</emphasis>
|
||
. Mazatlán. Mazatlán,
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBAFFA604623F44DEF3F86F" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">laurabrivera 78199290</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBAFFA600763F99DC00F86F" box="[264,523,1922,1949]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">P. Samperio 25358979</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBAFFA603653F99DD0CF86F" box="[539,775,1922,1949]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">S. Escutia 25364245</emphasis>
|
||
. San Ignacio. San Ignacio,
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBAFFA605383F99DB39F86F" box="[1094,1330,1922,1949]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">S. Escutia 39475456</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBAFFA6043C3F98DBAFF86F" box="[1346,1444,1922,1948]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">9413850</emphasis>
|
||
. Sinaloa de Leyva. sin localidad,
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBAFFA6008B3FBDDCA7F833" box="[501,684,1958,1985]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="106">Sosar 70893741</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF32A4A4FFBBFFA701F63FD2DACFF7D6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7077909" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7077909" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7077909/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="107" startId="3.[136,229,1992,2014]" targetBox="[196,1392,190,1967]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF2F42CFFBBFFA701F63FD2DACFF7D6" blockId="3.[136,1452,1992,2086]" pageId="3" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBBFFA701F63FD2DEF4F82E" bold="true" box="[136,255,1992,2014]" pageId="3" pageNumber="107">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBBFFA7007B3FD3DC01F82E" box="[261,522,1992,2014]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D8FAFFFBBFFA7007B3FD3DC0CF82E" authorityName="L. O. Alvarado, Pio-Leon et M. G. Chavez" authorityYear="2022" box="[261,519,1992,2014]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Macroscepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="3" pageNumber="107" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sinalobolana">Macroscepis sinalobolana</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
A. Leaf. B. Lateral view of the flowers. C. Inflorescences. D. Section of the flower showed the gynostegium and the gynostegial corona. E. Pollinarium. F. Fruits. G. Seeds without coma. H. Ants (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D8FAFFFBBFFA705173FF6DAD1F7F1" box="[1129,1242,2028,2050]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Formicidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) visiting the flowers. Abbreviations: GC: gynostegial corona, FA: faucal annulus, LE: pollinia laterally excavated. Photos: J. Pío-León
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF32A4A4FFBCFFA001F63E6ADAE5F93E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7077911" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7077911" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7077911/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="108" startId="4.[136,229,1648,1670]" targetBox="[170,1431,207,1607]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF2F42CFFBCFFA001F63E6ADAE5F93E" blockId="4.[136,1452,1648,1742]" pageId="4" pageNumber="108">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBCFFA001F63E6ADEF5F976" bold="true" box="[136,254,1648,1670]" pageId="4" pageNumber="108">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Comparison between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D8FAFFFBCFFA000AB3E6BDCD9F976" authorityName="L. O. Alvarado, Pio-Leon et M. G. Chavez" authorityYear="2022" box="[469,722,1648,1670]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Macroscepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="4" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sinalobolana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBCFFA000AB3E6BDCD9F976" box="[469,722,1648,1670]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="108">Macroscepis sinalobolana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and similar species. A.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D8FAFFFBCFFA002C63E6BDABEF976" authorityName="L. O. Alvarado, Pio-Leon et M. G. Chavez" authorityYear="2022" box="[952,1205,1648,1670]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Macroscepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="4" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sinalobolana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBCFFA002C63E6BDABEF976" box="[952,1205,1648,1670]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="108">Macroscepis sinalobolana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
inflorescence. B. Section of the flower. C.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D8FAFFFBCFFA000503E8FDC1FF95A" authorityName="Stevens" authorityYear="1983" baseAuthorityName="Ker Gawler" baseAuthorityYear="1817" box="[302,532,1684,1706]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Macroscepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="4" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="diademata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBCFFA000503E8FDC1FF95A" box="[302,532,1684,1706]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="108">Macroscepis diademata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. D. Section of the flower. E.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D8FAFFFBCFFA0024A3E8FDA0CF959" authorityName="Morillo" authorityYear="2012" box="[820,1031,1685,1706]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Macroscepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="4" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stevensii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBCFFA0024A3E8FDA0CF959" box="[820,1031,1685,1706]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="108">Macroscepis stevensii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Abbreviations: A: anther, CG: gynostegial corona, a: apex, i: insertion, SH: stylar head. Photos: J. Pío-León (A), L.O. Alvarado-Cárdenas (B–D), P. Aguilar (E).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C357A7A7FFBCFFA101C33EE7DA18FD43" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="109" pageId="4" pageNumber="108" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF2F42CFFBCFFA001C33EE7DF22F81C" blockId="4.[136,1452,1788,2031]" pageId="4" pageNumber="108">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBCFFA001C33EE7DF02F8E4" bold="true" box="[189,265,1789,1815]" pageId="4" pageNumber="108">Notes:</emphasis>
|
||
—
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D8FAFFFBCFFA000583EE7DFBFF8E5" authorityName="Kunth" authorityYear="1819" box="[294,436,1789,1814]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Macroscepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="4" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBCFFA000583EE7DFBFF8E5" box="[294,436,1789,1814]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="108">Macroscepis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a very poorly known genus in Gonolobinae because the collections are scarce, many of them are fruiting specimens, and due to the absence of an updated revision for the genus. This new species is a remarkable finding because it increases the morphological patterns of the flowers, such as the slightly reticulated corolla and the inflexed apex of the gynostegial corona, and distribution of the genus, attributes very important in the systematic of the group, as pointed out by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC89DDFFBCFFA0031B3F97DD05F854" author="Stevens, W. D. & Morales, J. F." box="[613,782,1933,1959]" pageId="4" pageNumber="108" pagination="662 - 768" refId="ref4599" refString="Stevens, W. D. & Morales, J. F. (2009) Apocynaceae. In: Davidse, G., Sousa, S. M., Knapp, M., Chiang, F. & Barrie, F. R. (Eds.) Flora Mesoamericana: Cucurbitaceae a Polemoniaceae. Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Instituto de Biologia, Missouri Botanical Garden, The Natural History Museum, pp. 662 - 768. [ISBN 979 - 607 - 02 - 0901 - 7]" type="book chapter" year="2009">Stevens (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC89DDFFBCFFA0023A3F96DDEEF854" author="Morillo, G." box="[836,997,1932,1959]" pageId="4" pageNumber="108" pagination="13 - 57" refId="ref4443" refString="Morillo, G. (2012) Aportes al conocimiento de las Gonolobinae (Apocynaceae - Asclepiadoideae). Pittieria 36: 13 - 57." type="journal article" year="2012">Morillo (2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC89DDFFBCFFA0028F3F97DA25F854" author="Morillo, G." box="[1009,1070,1933,1959]" pageId="4" pageNumber="108" pagination="115 - 154" refId="ref4469" refString="Morillo, G. (2013) Aportes al conocimiento de las Gonolobinae II (Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoideae). Pittieria 37: 115 - 154." type="journal article" year="2013">2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). With this addition, there are five species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D8FAFFFBCFFA0007C3FABDF9BF839" authorityName="Kunth" authorityYear="1819" box="[258,400,1969,1994]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Macroscepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="4" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBCFFA0007C3FABDF9BF839" box="[258,400,1969,1994]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="108">Macroscepis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
recorded in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35AB4BCFFBCFFA0035A3FAADC77F839" box="[548,636,1968,1994]" name="Mexico" pageId="4" pageNumber="108">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and three of them are endemic (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D8FAFFFBCFFA002843FABDAB8F839" authorityName="L. O. Alvarado, Pio-Leon et M. G. Chavez" authorityYear="2022" box="[1018,1203,1968,1994]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Macroscepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="4" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sinalobolana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBCFFA002843FABDAB8F839" box="[1018,1203,1968,1994]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="108">M. sinalobolana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D8FAFFFBCFFA005BA3FABDB40F839" authorityName="Morillo" authorityYear="2012" box="[1220,1355,1969,1994]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Macroscepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="4" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stevensii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBCFFA005BA3FABDB40F839" box="[1220,1355,1969,1994]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="108">M. stevensii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D8FAFFFBCFFA004F33FABDF12F81D" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Macroscepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="4" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="yucatanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBCFFA004F33FABDF12F81D" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="108">M. yucatanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF2F42CFFBDFFA101C33885DEF3FDD3" blockId="5.[136,1452,158,689]" pageId="5" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D8FAFFFBDFFA101C33885DFEEFF4B" authorityName="L. O. Alvarado, Pio-Leon et M. G. Chavez" authorityYear="2022" box="[189,485,158,184]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Macroscepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="5" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sinalobolana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBDFFA101C33885DFEEFF4B" box="[189,485,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="109">Macroscepis sinalobolana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is morphologically similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D8FAFFFBDFFA102453885DDDDFF4B" authorityName="Stevens" authorityYear="1983" baseAuthorityName="Ker Gawler" baseAuthorityYear="1817" box="[827,982,158,184]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Macroscepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="5" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="diademata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBDFFA102453885DDDDFF4B" box="[827,982,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="109">M. diademata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D8FAFFFBDFFA1056B3885DA90FF4B" authorityName="Morillo" authorityYear="2012" box="[1045,1179,159,184]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Macroscepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="5" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stevensii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBDFFA1056B3885DA90FF4B" box="[1045,1179,159,184]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="109">M. stevensii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. They share sepals with a similar length (around
|
||
<quantity id="4CB559C9FFBDFFA100D438D8DFEEFF2E" box="[426,485,194,221]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="109" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
|
||
long) and corolla brownish to orange, densely pubescent (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1376E8A9FFBDFFA105EB38D8DAF0FF2F" box="[1173,1275,194,220]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1648,1670]" captionTargetBox="[170,1431,207,1607]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[151,1436,190,1624]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Comparison between Macroscepis sinalobolana and similar species.A. Macroscepis sinalobolana inflorescence. B. Section of the flower. C. Macroscepis diademata. D. Section of the flower. E. Macroscepis stevensii. Abbreviations: A: anther, CG: gynostegial corona, a: apex, i: insertion, SH: stylar head. Photos: J. Pío-León (A), L.O. Alvarado-Cárdenas (B–D), P.Aguilar (E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7077911" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7077911/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="109">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC89DDFFBDFFA1047538D8DBACFF2F" author="Stevens, W. D. & Morales, J. F." box="[1291,1447,194,220]" pageId="5" pageNumber="109" pagination="662 - 768" refId="ref4599" refString="Stevens, W. D. & Morales, J. F. (2009) Apocynaceae. In: Davidse, G., Sousa, S. M., Knapp, M., Chiang, F. & Barrie, F. R. (Eds.) Flora Mesoamericana: Cucurbitaceae a Polemoniaceae. Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Instituto de Biologia, Missouri Botanical Garden, The Natural History Museum, pp. 662 - 768. [ISBN 979 - 607 - 02 - 0901 - 7]" type="book chapter" year="2009">Stevens 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC89DDFFBDFFA101F638FCDF28FEF3" author="Morillo, G." box="[136,291,230,256]" pageId="5" pageNumber="109" pagination="13 - 57" refId="ref4443" refString="Morillo, G. (2012) Aportes al conocimiento de las Gonolobinae (Apocynaceae - Asclepiadoideae). Pittieria 36: 13 - 57." type="journal article" year="2012">Morillo 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but we can recognize each of them by the following characters. The new species has a gynostegial corona that is bilobed at the union with the gynostegium (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1376E8A9FFBDFFA1027D3910DD78FED7" box="[771,883,266,292]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1648,1670]" captionTargetBox="[170,1431,207,1607]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[151,1436,190,1624]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Comparison between Macroscepis sinalobolana and similar species.A. Macroscepis sinalobolana inflorescence. B. Section of the flower. C. Macroscepis diademata. D. Section of the flower. E. Macroscepis stevensii. Abbreviations: A: anther, CG: gynostegial corona, a: apex, i: insertion, SH: stylar head. Photos: J. Pío-León (A), L.O. Alvarado-Cárdenas (B–D), P.Aguilar (E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7077911" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7077911/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="109">Figure 2b</figureCitation>
|
||
); the corona lobes are exerted and apically inflexed and slightly bilobed, and are in contact with each other; the fruit wigs have margins irregularly crenate to slightly dentate.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D8FAFFFBDFFA101993949DFF9FE9F" authorityName="Stevens" authorityYear="1983" baseAuthorityName="Ker Gawler" baseAuthorityYear="1817" box="[231,498,338,364]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Macroscepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="5" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="diademata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBDFFA101993949DFF9FE9F" box="[231,498,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="109">Macroscepis diademata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, on the other hand, has a gynostegial corona that is slightly trilobed at the union with the gynostegium (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1376E8A9FFBDFFA1002C396CDFCEFE63" box="[338,453,374,400]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1648,1670]" captionTargetBox="[170,1431,207,1607]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[151,1436,190,1624]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Comparison between Macroscepis sinalobolana and similar species.A. Macroscepis sinalobolana inflorescence. B. Section of the flower. C. Macroscepis diademata. D. Section of the flower. E. Macroscepis stevensii. Abbreviations: A: anther, CG: gynostegial corona, a: apex, i: insertion, SH: stylar head. Photos: J. Pío-León (A), L.O. Alvarado-Cárdenas (B–D), P.Aguilar (E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7077911" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7077911/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="109">Figure 2d</figureCitation>
|
||
); its corona lobes are exerted and apically straight and truncated to slightly bilobed, and are apically in contact with each other (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC89DDFFBDFFA103303980DCE0FE47" author="Stevens, W. D. & Morales, J. F." box="[590,747,410,436]" pageId="5" pageNumber="109" pagination="662 - 768" refId="ref4599" refString="Stevens, W. D. & Morales, J. F. (2009) Apocynaceae. In: Davidse, G., Sousa, S. M., Knapp, M., Chiang, F. & Barrie, F. R. (Eds.) Flora Mesoamericana: Cucurbitaceae a Polemoniaceae. Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Instituto de Biologia, Missouri Botanical Garden, The Natural History Museum, pp. 662 - 768. [ISBN 979 - 607 - 02 - 0901 - 7]" type="book chapter" year="2009">Stevens 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC89DDFFBDFFA103873980DA48FE47" author="Hernandez-Baron, G. M. & Juarez-Jaimes, V. & Campos-Villanueva, A." box="[761,1091,410,437]" pageId="5" pageNumber="109" pagination="902897" refId="ref3892" refString="Hernandez-Baron, G. M., Juarez-Jaimes, V. & Campos-Villanueva, A. (2019) La subfamilia Asclepiadoideae (Apocynaceae) de la region de Los Tuxtlas, Veracruz, Mexico. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 90: e 902897. https: // doi. org / 10.22201 / ib. 20078706 e. 2019.90.2897" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Hernández-Barón
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBDFFA102B73981DDF7FE47" box="[969,1020,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="109">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2019
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation id="1376E8A9FFBDFFA105323980DAB5FE47" box="[1100,1214,410,436]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1648,1670]" captionTargetBox="[170,1431,207,1607]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[151,1436,190,1624]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Comparison between Macroscepis sinalobolana and similar species.A. Macroscepis sinalobolana inflorescence. B. Section of the flower. C. Macroscepis diademata. D. Section of the flower. E. Macroscepis stevensii. Abbreviations: A: anther, CG: gynostegial corona, a: apex, i: insertion, SH: stylar head. Photos: J. Pío-León (A), L.O. Alvarado-Cárdenas (B–D), P.Aguilar (E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7077911" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7077911/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="109">Figure 2d</figureCitation>
|
||
); the fruit wigs have margins entire to slightly lobulated. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D8FAFFFBDFFA1033739A5DCDBFE2B" authorityName="Morillo" authorityYear="2012" box="[585,720,447,472]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Macroscepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="5" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stevensii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBDFFA1033739A5DCDBFE2B" box="[585,720,447,472]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="109">M. stevensii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the corona lobes are included and apically truncated to slightly bilobed (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC89DDFFBDFFA1019439F8DF8DFE0F" author="Morillo, G." box="[234,390,482,508]" pageId="5" pageNumber="109" pagination="13 - 57" refId="ref4443" refString="Morillo, G. (2012) Aportes al conocimiento de las Gonolobinae (Apocynaceae - Asclepiadoideae). Pittieria 36: 13 - 57." type="journal article" year="2012">Morillo 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The lobes apically are not in contact with each other (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1376E8A9FFBDFFA1029339F8DA56FE0F" box="[1005,1117,482,508]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1648,1670]" captionTargetBox="[170,1431,207,1607]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[151,1436,190,1624]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Comparison between Macroscepis sinalobolana and similar species.A. Macroscepis sinalobolana inflorescence. B. Section of the flower. C. Macroscepis diademata. D. Section of the flower. E. Macroscepis stevensii. Abbreviations: A: anther, CG: gynostegial corona, a: apex, i: insertion, SH: stylar head. Photos: J. Pío-León (A), L.O. Alvarado-Cárdenas (B–D), P.Aguilar (E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7077911" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7077911/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="109">Figure 2e</figureCitation>
|
||
). The fruits of this species are unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF2F42CFFBDFFA101C33A30DA18FD43" blockId="5.[136,1452,158,689]" pageId="5" pageNumber="109">
|
||
Additionally to the morphological attributes, the geographic distribution of the new taxon is helpful in its delimitation within this species complex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1376E8A9FFBDFFA1031B3A54DCC2FD9B" box="[613,713,590,616]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1665,1687]" captionTargetBox="[174,1426,717,1630]" captionTargetId="figure-276@5.[151,1436,710,1642]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Known distribution of Macroscepis sinalobolana and morphologically related species M. diademata and M. stevensii." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7077913" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7077913/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="109">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D8FAFFFBDFFA1039E3A55DA02FD9B" authorityName="L. O. Alvarado, Pio-Leon et M. G. Chavez" authorityYear="2022" box="[736,1033,590,616]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Macroscepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="5" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sinalobolana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBDFFA1039E3A55DA02FD9B" box="[736,1033,590,616]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="109">Macroscepis sinalobolana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is restricted to
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49893ACEFFBDFFA105C03A54DB59FD9A" box="[1214,1362,590,617]" country="Mexico" name="Sinaloa" pageId="5" pageNumber="109">Sinaloa state</collectingRegion>
|
||
. This is the species with the northernmost distribution among the members of the genera.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D8FAFFFBDFFA1056D3A69DAA5FD7F" authorityName="Stevens" authorityYear="1983" baseAuthorityName="Ker Gawler" baseAuthorityYear="1817" box="[1043,1198,626,652]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Macroscepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="5" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="diademata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBDFFA1056D3A69DAA5FD7F" box="[1043,1198,626,652]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="109">M. diademata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distributed from the center of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35AB4BCFFBDFFA1018C3A8CDF43FD43" box="[242,328,662,688]" name="Mexico" pageId="5" pageNumber="109">México</collectingCountry>
|
||
to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35AB4BCFFBDFFA100153A8CDFEAFD43" box="[363,481,662,688]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="5" pageNumber="109">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D8FAFFFBDFFA103623A8DDCAAFD43" authorityName="Morillo" authorityYear="2012" box="[540,673,663,688]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Macroscepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="5" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stevensii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939283EFFBDFFA103623A8DDCAAFD43" box="[540,673,663,688]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="109">M. stevensii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is restricted to
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49893ACEFFBDFFA102303A8CDDA0FD43" box="[846,939,662,688]" country="Mexico" name="Chiapas" pageId="5" pageNumber="109">Chiapas</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35AB4BCFFBDFFA102C83A8CDA04FD43" box="[950,1039,662,688]" name="Mexico" pageId="5" pageNumber="109">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |