201 lines
30 KiB
XML
201 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document id="65FCBDB41F116B722FA1969934DAC5CD" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5446.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11084543" ID-ZooBank="E0FDD64D-EA99-4AA9-A7E1-3EB074B3A0F0" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="karina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="karina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="karina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="karina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="karina" IM.treatments_approvedBy="karina" checkinTime="1714390329641" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ditty, James G., Malca, Estrella & Vásquez-Yeomans, Lourdes" docDate="2024" docId="039A87C4FFD53D50D3CCA310FD6AF882" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5446.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5446 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5446.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Trachyscorpia cristulata Sebastolobinae" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="22" masterDocId="FFA3FFBCFFC13D45D35BA53EFFD4FFAB" masterDocTitle="The lionfishes: Comparative development of Pterois volitans, Dendrochirus barberi, and D. hemprichi (Scorpaeniformes: Scorpaenidae: Pteroinae) and discrimination of their early life stages from non-pteroine scorpaenid genera in the Western North Atlantic" masterLastPageNumber="41" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="21" updateTime="1715176618658" updateUser="karina" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
|
||
<mods:mods id="B377D400A069DFA63202B0F9AB2B7379" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="8C675DB793C79C0927107237AB0F178B">
|
||
<mods:title id="B020DC341AAB1343EFC0718EB8C173CB">The lionfishes: Comparative development of Pterois volitans, Dendrochirus barberi, and D. hemprichi (Scorpaeniformes: Scorpaenidae: Pteroinae) and discrimination of their early life stages from non-pteroine scorpaenid genera in the Western North Atlantic</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="37C484050E1E4A88500F9AC4795F2894" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="8ECAC9A253F794B7AB9839E255724B70">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="659F1C80810D775231B8EF3880C77BEB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="5A9F437AF2EC9FBD9D04DDEE52E62143">Ditty, James G.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="BE9E5DFC770B7963A6F7BB813AA98996">American Southwest Ichthyological Researchers (ASIR), 800 Encino Place NE, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87102 - 2606, USA.</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="6BB3E569A899A795B62902F09EC639A6" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="1E122AA4696460601A7A7280AC4DDA6D">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="2019B3BC3D6867A15FEE27496B70D7FF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="63DD8E1DDC083408DE381E0A7210F389">Malca, Estrella</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="55DD21C9FD0899ECB0299CDE32E4C05E">Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies (CIMAS), University of Miami, Florida, USA. & Southeast Fisheries Science Center, NMFS, NOAA, 75 Virginia Beach Drive, Miami, Florida 33149, USA.</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="CDAE527742C53208AB840DE837464260" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="82C1C39E2642948FC6E41EFD88E0AA45">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="5491E4D3F5016B3398BE8EE42FD87A77">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="86DD03ED43CC4EFD3FAEECC6F1333593">Vásquez-Yeomans, Lourdes</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="CBCD02DEB4DC6123118EB2CE688915C7">El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Unidad Chetumal Av. Centenario Km 5.5, CP 77014 Chetumal, Quintana Roo, Mexico.</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="9706774393049031E40A911C2F433296">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="BE21EA018ECD85359EBB729202FDE8BC" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="DC11A581DDAA46C10BE9C113C3C94E3D">
|
||
<mods:title id="464C015F16B2B9F28A91B345B269FADB">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="A3E962996B874BD6593EF9E78DBD7373">
|
||
<mods:date id="5FEB3794475337D7AEDEF7440DFD150D">2024</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="41750F8CF10A1208BBA2C774C37A7296" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="6DAA8D3589587680F983C4498E00B68C">2024-04-29</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="F8595CB09FDD0119E910DC37B914C01B" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="F1D28517A6B6FB3C7492078D48A16175">5446</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="9182663ABE657F9DB8B063CC28E05B54" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="B61D735DAF8F2E01DF1000EEC3797002">1</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="758E44096B3DEB7E0CBC38F5F3372E52" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="DFE6E443158195C423357E116EC7E35C">1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="6A0365B671A902683873E8268A6377F4">41</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location id="ADAE93B082741D3837556E959F59DD22">
|
||
<mods:url id="4E5F53EA53EC7B180F26A78C7FCB111B">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5446.1.1</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification id="DAF2AE902FCE40ED36501A3A1C2EB484">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="75F4AFF6F0A9D08F0952ADA6E7489DF7" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5446.1.1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="E75556ECC32847D6BC99821C94C9D80E" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="7BA18AAE682580292CD48F5685B6FC83" type="Zenodo-Dep">11084543</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="BE1EA3CAF571E733D6D5B5E6953CED0F" type="ZooBank">E0FDD64D-EA99-4AA9-A7E1-3EB074B3A0F0</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="039A87C4FFD53D50D3CCA310FD6AF882" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039A87C4FFD53D50D3CCA310FD6AF882" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039A87C4FFD53D50D3CCA310FD6AF882" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3296559FFD53D51D3CCA310FCC9F9E2" box="[151,797,1582,1609]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C36D2FFD53D51D3CCA310FCC9F9E2" blockId="20.[151,797,1582,1609]" box="[151,797,1582,1609]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<heading id="D0C481BEFFD53D51D3CCA310FCC9F9E2" bold="true" box="[151,797,1582,1609]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC0FFD53D51D3CCA310FCC9F9E2" bold="true" box="[151,797,1582,1609]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D51FFD53D51D3CCA310FE6AF9E2" ID-CoL="57TNF" authorityName="Sebastolobinae" baseAuthorityName="Goode & Bean" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[151,446,1582,1609]" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cristulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC0FFD53D51D3CCA310FE6AF9E2" bold="true" box="[151,446,1582,1609]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Trachyscorpia cristulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D51FFD53D51D2A7A310FCC9F9E2" authorityName="Eschmeyer" authorityYear="1965" box="[508,797,1582,1609]" family="Scorpaenidae" genus="Phenacoscorpius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nebris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC0FFD53D51D2A7A310FCC9F9E2" bold="true" box="[508,797,1582,1609]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Phenacoscorpius nebris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3296559FFD53D50D3CCA349FD6AF882" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C36D2FFD53D51D3CCA349FCEAF81A" blockId="20.[151,1437,1654,2041]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
Early life stages of deep-water members of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D51FFD53D51D127A349FC2AF93A" authority="Eschmeyer, 1965" authorityName="Eschmeyer" authorityYear="1965" box="[636,1022,1654,1681]" family="Scorpaenidae" genus="Idiastion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kyphos">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC0FFD53D51D127A349FCE0F93A" box="[636,820,1655,1681]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Idiastion kyphos</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B23FFD53D51D060A349FC2AF93A" author="Eschmeyer, W. N." box="[827,1022,1654,1681]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="521 - 534" refId="ref26525" refString="Eschmeyer, W. N. (1965) Three new scorpionfishes of the genera Pontinus, Phenacoscorpius and Idiastion from the western Atlantic Ocean. Bulletin of Marine Science, 15 (3), 521 - 534." type="journal article" year="1965">Eschmeyer, 1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D51FFD53D51D752A349FB04F93A" box="[1033,1232,1655,1681]" family="Scorpaenidae" genus="Neomerinthe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC0FFD53D51D752A349FB4EF93A" box="[1033,1178,1655,1681]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Neomerinthe</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D51FFD53D51D780A349FE64F91E" authority="Eschmeyer, 1965" authorityName="Eschmeyer" authorityYear="1965" family="Scorpaenidae" genus="Phenacoscorpius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nebris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC0FFD53D51D780A349FF09F91E" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Phenacoscorpius nebris</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B23FFD53D51D3B1A3A5FE64F91E" author="Eschmeyer, W. N." box="[234,432,1690,1717]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="521 - 534" refId="ref26525" refString="Eschmeyer, W. N. (1965) Three new scorpionfishes of the genera Pontinus, Phenacoscorpius and Idiastion from the western Atlantic Ocean. Bulletin of Marine Science, 15 (3), 521 - 534." type="journal article" year="1965">Eschmeyer, 1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D51FFD53D51D29FA3A5FDB5F91E" authorityName="Risso" authorityYear="1827" box="[452,609,1691,1717]" family="Scorpaenidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Scorpaeninae">Scorpaeninae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D51FFD53D51D122A3A5FBC5F91E" authority="Johnson, 1862" authorityName="Johnson" authorityYear="1862" box="[633,1041,1691,1717]" family="Setarchidae" genus="Setarches" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guentheri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC0FFD53D51D122A3A5FC89F91E" box="[633,861,1691,1717]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Setarches guentheri</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B23FFD53D51D032A3A5FBC5F91E" author="Johnson, J. Y." box="[873,1041,1691,1717]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="167 - 180" refId="ref28076" refString="Johnson, J. Y. (1862) Descriptions of some new genera and species of fishes obtained at Madeira. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1862, 167 - 180." type="journal article" year="1862">Johnson, 1862</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D51FFD53D51D77EA3A5FB7AF91E" box="[1061,1198,1691,1717]" family="Setarchidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="36" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Setarchinae">Setarchinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D51FFD53D51D7A1A3A5FD12F972" authority="(Goode & Bean, 1896) (Sebastolobinae)" authorityName="Sebastolobinae" baseAuthorityName="Goode & Bean" baseAuthorityYear="1896" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cristulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC0FFD53D51D7A1A3A5FED6F972" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Trachyscorpia cristulata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B23FFD53D51D254A381FE2DF972" author="Goode, G. B. & Bean, T. H." box="[271,505,1727,1753]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref27398" refString="Goode, G. B. & Bean, T. H. (1896) XXXVI. Oceanic ichthyology, a treatise on the deep-sea and pelagic fishes of the world, based chiefly upon the collections made by the steamers Blake, Albatross, and Fish Hawk in the northwestern Atlantic, with an atlas containing 417 figures. United States National Museum, Special Bulletin, 2, i - xxxv + 1 - 26 + 1 - 553, Atlas, i - xxiii + 1 - 26, 123 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 48521" type="book chapter" year="1896">Goode & Bean, 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (Sebastolobinae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, included in Sebastinae by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B23FFD53D51D0B7A381FB50F972" author="Hardy, J. D." box="[1004,1156,1726,1753]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref27693" refString="Hardy, J. D. (2005) Scorpaenidae: scorpionfishes. In: Richards, W. J. (Ed.), Early Stages of Atlantic Fishes: An Identification Guide for the Western Central North Atlantic. Vol. 1. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, pp. 1141 - 1180. https: // doi. org / 10.1201 / 9780203500217" type="book" year="2005">Hardy (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, have not been described, to our knowledge. While a visiting scientist at the Smithsonian Institution (NMNH), the senior author examined the smallest available specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D51FFD53D51D179A239FD78F88A" authorityName="Sebastolobinae" baseAuthorityName="Goode & Bean" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[546,684,1799,1825]" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cristulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC0FFD53D51D179A239FDE6F88B" box="[546,562,1799,1824]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">T</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC0FFD53D51D11AA239FD78F88A" box="[577,684,1799,1825]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">cristulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(32.0 mm SL; USNM 72979; collected
|
||
<date id="FF8D1012FFD53D51D72EA239FAEAF88A" box="[1141,1342,1799,1825]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1902-02-14">14 February 1902</date>
|
||
off Key West, Florida) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D51FFD53D51D237A215FE05F8EE" authorityName="Eschmeyer" authorityYear="1965" box="[364,465,1835,1861]" family="Scorpaenidae" genus="Phenacoscorpius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nebris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC0FFD53D51D237A215FEA9F8EF" box="[364,381,1835,1860]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC0FFD53D51D2D0A215FE05F8EE" box="[395,465,1835,1861]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">nebris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(40.0 mm SL; USNM 422671; collected
|
||
<date id="FF8D1012FFD53D51D0C4A215FBE0F8EE" box="[927,1076,1835,1861]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="2013-05-24">24 May 2013</date>
|
||
off
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3247642FFD53D51D73AA215FB17F8EE" box="[1121,1219,1835,1861]" name="Curaçao" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Curacao</collectingCountry>
|
||
); small juveniles of the other aforementioned taxa were not available in NMNH collections for examination. Our intent was to generate a suite of characteristics to enable recognition and discrimination of late postflexion and transforming larvae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D51FFD53D51D6DDA24DFED6F81A" authorityName="Sebastolobinae" baseAuthorityName="Goode & Bean" baseAuthorityYear="1896" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cristulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC0FFD53D51D6DDA24DFA42F827" box="[1414,1430,1907,1932]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">T</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC0FFD53D51D3CCA2A9FED6F81A" box="[151,258,1943,1969]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">cristulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D51FFD53D51D262A2A9FE4AF81A" authorityName="Eschmeyer" authorityYear="1965" box="[313,414,1943,1969]" family="Scorpaenidae" genus="Phenacoscorpius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nebris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC0FFD53D51D262A2A9FE9EF81B" box="[313,330,1943,1968]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC0FFD53D51D203A2A9FE4AF81A" box="[344,414,1943,1969]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">nebris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from other scorpaenids in the WNA.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C36D2FFD53D50D39CA285FC06FE06" blockId="20.[151,1437,1654,2041]" lastBlockId="21.[151,1437,151,1833]" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D51FFD53D51D39CA285FE09F87E" ID-CoL="57TNF" authorityName="Sebastolobinae" baseAuthorityName="Goode & Bean" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[199,477,1979,2005]" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cristulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC0FFD53D51D39CA285FE09F87E" box="[199,477,1979,2005]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Trachyscorpia cristulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with cranial spines strongly developed. Elevated parietal ridge terminates in longer nuchal than parietal spines; parietals behind nuchals. Opercle with pair of ridges or struts, upper ridge directed dorsoposteriorly, lower ridge directed posteriorly, short spine at outer margin of each. Pair of spines on IO1 overlap dorsal margin of maxilla, and series of eight laterally projecting spines of varying length along remainder of IO ridge. Other ridges and spines are as described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B23FFD43D50D1C9A5E1FC99FF52" author="Ginsburg, I." box="[658,845,222,249]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="1 - 103" refId="ref27374" refString="Ginsburg, I. (1953) Western Atlantic scorpionfishes. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 121 (8), 1 - 103." type="journal article" year="1953">Ginsburg (1953)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B23FFD43D50D0DCA5E1FB8DFF52" author="Eschmeyer, W. N." box="[903,1113,223,249]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="1 - 143" refId="ref26565" refString="Eschmeyer, W. N. (1969) A systematic review of the scorpionfishes of the Atlantic Ocean (Pisces: Scorpaenidae). Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences, 79, 1 - 143." type="journal article" year="1969">Eschmeyer (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and include preorbital (i.e., IO1), supraocular, postocular, nasal, tympanic, pterotic, sphenotic, lower posttemporal, supracleithral, and cleithral; juvenile lacks upper posttemporal spine. PPO-1 longest, aligned with IO ridge, spine directed dorsoposteriorly; length of supplemental spine at its base about one-third that of PPO-1; PPO-1 about two times longer than PPO-2; PPO-2 through -4 similar in length, PPO-5 shortest. Length of supraocular cirrus about one-third OD. Ocular surface with ring of papillae; longer on anterior than posterior half of eye.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C36D2FFD43D50D39CA489FAA5FCBE" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,1833]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
Dorsal-fin count XII, 9; spines increase in length from first to third, progressively shorter thereafter; penultimate spine about one-third that of terminal spine. Anal-fin count III, 5; length of first anal spine about 35% of second; second and third subequal, second notably thicker than third. Pectoral-fin ray count 23, fin length uncertain, rays broken on both sides of body; however, fins typically extend to or just short of anus in juveniles, with longest rays toward upper part of fin (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B23FFD43D50D2ABA779FD49FDCA" author="Ginsburg, I." box="[496,669,582,609]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="1 - 103" refId="ref27374" refString="Ginsburg, I. (1953) Western Atlantic scorpionfishes. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 121 (8), 1 - 103." type="journal article" year="1953">Ginsburg 1953</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B23FFD43D50D1F1A779FCBFFDCA" author="Eschmeyer, W. N." box="[682,875,583,609]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="1 - 143" refId="ref26565" refString="Eschmeyer, W. N. (1969) A systematic review of the scorpionfishes of the Atlantic Ocean (Pisces: Scorpaenidae). Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences, 79, 1 - 143." type="journal article" year="1969">Eschmeyer 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). About 30% of innermost pelvic ray attached by membrane to abdomen, based on ray length. Tips of longest pelvic rays extend to anus in specimen examined, but well short of anus in adults (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B23FFD43D50D286A7B1FD5EFD02" author="Ginsburg, I." box="[477,650,654,681]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="1 - 103" refId="ref27374" refString="Ginsburg, I. (1953) Western Atlantic scorpionfishes. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 121 (8), 1 - 103." type="journal article" year="1953">Ginsburg 1953</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B23FFD43D50D1CCA7B1FC8CFD02" author="Eschmeyer, W. N." box="[663,856,655,681]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="1 - 143" refId="ref26565" refString="Eschmeyer, W. N. (1969) A systematic review of the scorpionfishes of the Atlantic Ocean (Pisces: Scorpaenidae). Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences, 79, 1 - 143." type="journal article" year="1969">Eschmeyer 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Lateral line extends to base of caudal fin; middle primary caudal rays longer than those toward outer margins. Lacks small slit behind fourth gill arch. Body and fin pigmentation pattern difficult to assess due to long-term preservation; however, head and body peppered with melanophores of various sizes similar to that of juvenile sebastolobines from eastern Pacific (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B23FFD43D50D782A7C5FAB0FCBE" author="Moser, H. G." box="[1241,1380,763,789]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="733 - 795" refId="ref30697" refString="Moser, H. G. (1996) Scorpaenidae: scorpionfishes and rockfishes. In: Moser, H. G. (Ed.), The Early Stages of Fishes in the California Current Region. California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations, Atlas No. 33. Allen Press, Inc., Lawrence, Kansas, pp. 733 - 795." type="book chapter" year="1996">Moser 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C36D2FFD43D50D39CA621FDA5FBBA" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,1833]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D51FFD43D50D39CA621FE08FC92" ID-CoL="76WJT" authorityName="Eschmeyer" authorityYear="1965" box="[199,476,799,825]" family="Scorpaenidae" genus="Phenacoscorpius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nebris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC0FFD43D50D39CA621FE08FC92" box="[199,476,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Phenacoscorpius nebris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with cranial spines strongly developed. Parietal and nuchal spines conjoined at base, parietals anterior to and longer than nuchals. Opercle with pair of ridges or struts, upper ridge directed dorsoposteriorly, lower ridge directed posteriorly, short spine at outer margin of each. Pair of spines on IO1 (i.e., preorbital of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B23FFD43D50D275A6B5FE39FC0E" author="Eschmeyer, W. N." box="[302,493,906,933]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="521 - 534" refId="ref26525" refString="Eschmeyer, W. N. (1965) Three new scorpionfishes of the genera Pontinus, Phenacoscorpius and Idiastion from the western Atlantic Ocean. Bulletin of Marine Science, 15 (3), 521 - 534." type="journal article" year="1965">Eschmeyer 1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) overlap dorsal margin of maxilla, and ridge behind IO1 has five relatively stout, laterally projecting spines (i.e., suborbital and postorbital series of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B23FFD43D50D0C6A691FBB4FC62" author="Eschmeyer, W. N." box="[925,1120,942,969]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="521 - 534" refId="ref26525" refString="Eschmeyer, W. N. (1965) Three new scorpionfishes of the genera Pontinus, Phenacoscorpius and Idiastion from the western Atlantic Ocean. Bulletin of Marine Science, 15 (3), 521 - 534." type="journal article" year="1965">Eschmeyer 1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Other spines as described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B23FFD43D50D3E0A6EDFE57FC46" author="Eschmeyer, W. N." box="[187,387,978,1005]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="521 - 534" refId="ref26525" refString="Eschmeyer, W. N. (1965) Three new scorpionfishes of the genera Pontinus, Phenacoscorpius and Idiastion from the western Atlantic Ocean. Bulletin of Marine Science, 15 (3), 521 - 534." type="journal article" year="1965">Eschmeyer (1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B23FFD43D50D2CBA6EDFE1DFC46" author="Eschmeyer, W. N." box="[400,457,979,1005]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="1 - 143" refId="ref26565" refString="Eschmeyer, W. N. (1969) A systematic review of the scorpionfishes of the Atlantic Ocean (Pisces: Scorpaenidae). Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences, 79, 1 - 143." type="journal article" year="1969">1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) include nasal, preocular, supraocular, postocular, tympanic, pterotic, upper and lower posttemporal, supracleithral, and cleithral.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C36D2FFD43D50D39CA125FE75FA9A" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,1833]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
Length of PPO spines differs between left and right sides of head. PPO-1 longest on left side, aligned with IO ridge, length of supplemental spine at its base about one-half that of PPO-1; PPO-2 blunt, “knob-like,” considered absent by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B23FFD43D50D257A15DFE0BFBD6" author="Eschmeyer, W. N." box="[268,479,1122,1149]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="521 - 534" refId="ref26525" refString="Eschmeyer, W. N. (1965) Three new scorpionfishes of the genera Pontinus, Phenacoscorpius and Idiastion from the western Atlantic Ocean. Bulletin of Marine Science, 15 (3), 521 - 534." type="journal article" year="1965">Eschmeyer (1965)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; length of PPO-3 about one-half that of PPO-1; PPO-4 and -5 progressively shorter, lowermost covered by epithelium. PPO-1 and supplemental spine on right side as described above for left side, but PPO-2 longer than -1; PPO-3 blunt, “knob-like,” resembles PPO-2 on left side; PPO-4 and -5 progressively shorter, blunt. Supraocular cirrus short, multifurcate. Three-row arc of short papillae on surface of anterior half of eye; small flap on upper anterior and lower posterior margins of orbit. Small cirrus along IO1; small pigmented flap on ventral margin of lower nostril.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C36D2FFD43D50D39CA005FDB7F9FA" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,1833]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Dorsal-fin count XII, 9; spines increase in length from first to third, gradually decrease thereafter, penultimate spine about one-half that of terminal spine. Anal-fin count III, 5; second anal spine thicker, 20% longer than third. Pectoral-fin ray count 16, fins placed low on body just above and slightly behind pelvic fins. Melanophores pepper base and inner third of pectoral-fin rays; fins also have two narrow “bands” of pigment near mid-fin. All pectoral rays extend to or slightly beyond anus, with tips of rays 9 through 11 beyond first anal spine.About 50% of innermost pelvic ray attached by membrane to abdomen based on ray length, middle three rays longer than innermost and outermost, all rays well short of anal-fin base. Lateral line incomplete, 3–4 tubed scales immediately behind head. Small slit present behind fourth gill arch.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C36D2FFD43D50D39CA365FD6AF882" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,1833]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
Body and fin pigmentation as described for a
|
||
<quantity id="4CCB9B37FFD43D50D189A365FCE3F9DE" box="[722,823,1627,1653]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.93" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="29.3">29.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D51FFD43D50D064A365FAC5F9DE" authority="Fowler, 1938" authorityName="Fowler" authorityYear="1938" box="[831,1297,1627,1653]" family="Scorpaenidae" genus="Phenacoscorpius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="megalops">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC0FFD43D50D064A365FBA7F9DE" box="[831,1139,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Phenacoscorpius megalops</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B23FFD43D50D727A365FAC5F9DE" author="Fowler, H. W." box="[1148,1297,1627,1653]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="31 - 135" refId="ref27144" refString="Fowler, H. W. (1938) Descriptions of new fishes obtained by the United States Bureau of Fisheries steamer " Albatross ", chiefly in Philippine Seas and adjacent waters. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 85 (3032), 31 - 135. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.85 - 3032.31" type="journal article" year="1938">Fowler, 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(listed as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D51FFD43D50D6D3A365FF09F932" authorityName="Eschmeyer" authorityYear="1965" family="Scorpaenidae" genus="Phenacoscorpius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nebris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC0FFD43D50D6D3A365FF09F932" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. nebris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B23FFD43D50D259A341FDEAF932" author="Eschmeyer, W. N. & Randall, J. E." box="[258,574,1662,1689]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="265 - 333" refId="ref26693" refString="Eschmeyer, W. N. & Randall, J. E. (1975) The scorpaenid fishes of the Hawaiian Islands, including new species and new records (Pisces: Scorpaenidae). Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 40 (11), 265 - 333." type="journal article" year="1975">Eschmeyer & Randall 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 11). Saddle of pigment near dorsal-fin origin, dark blotch on membrane between fifth and ninth dorsal spines, and dusky band between soft dorsal and anal fins that extends onto associated bases and inner half of rays; also, a band of pigment on CP at base of caudal fin composed of large melanophores. All areas of head peppered with melanophores, including membrane surrounding orbit and lower surface of iris; visceral mass with scattered blotches of pigment.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |