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<document id="BD9AE073020B9C253EBEA00FE5C582E2" ID-CLB-Dataset="203546" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5219.1.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0523df85-98fc-4cc3-baff-61c49020a01b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7408120" ID-ZooBank="C39DD77A-45E5-475C-B214-85DEA9D75AA9" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1670399898510" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Thandar, A. S. &amp; Arumugam, P." docDate="2022" docId="039A87C2267CB863A0E8FCBEFABA9F05" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5219.1.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5219 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Sclerothyone neofusus Thandar &amp; Arumugam 2022, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="66" masterDocId="FFA3FFBA267DB862A07FFF6CFFE29955" masterDocTitle="Referral of Thyone neofusus Deichmann, 1941, Thyone adinopoda (Pawson &amp; Miller, 1981 and Havelockia obunca (Lampert, 1885) to the genus Sclerothyone Thandar, 1990, and a replacement name for the preoccupied genus Neothyone Deichmann, 1941 (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Dendrochirotida)" masterLastPageNumber="71" masterPageNumber="65" pageNumber="66" updateTime="1699413116561" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="96A430F9AFAD941E88A1D98D091FBE47">Referral of Thyone neofusus Deichmann, 1941, Thyone adinopoda (Pawson &amp; Miller, 1981 and Havelockia obunca (Lampert, 1885) to the genus Sclerothyone Thandar, 1990, and a replacement name for the preoccupied genus Neothyone Deichmann, 1941 (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Dendrochirotida)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="88C1F35346A367A601B8D947A3BC555C">Thandar, A. S.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="B68B2A886F88B014F70C4A25247FF2E0">University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, P / Bag X 54001, Durban 4000</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="171715077C0978FBC7A9FC5DBFD83281">Arumugam, P.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="721227477089CEC8CE756A00BDFBED8E">University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, P / Bag X 54001, Durban 4000 &amp; 205500752 @ stu. ukzn. ac. za; https: // orcid. org 0000 - 0002 - 1945 - 7268</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="2F522C08877429295113267D7688003A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="13693496AA7FB84ADBA620639F1979B8">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="9643C024CF5DEBDD8A64D85E655AAB30">2022-12-07</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="BEB3B1682E556650EAB2669E17E80092" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5219.1.3</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="039A87C2267CB863A0E8FCBEFABA9F05" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7408126" ID-GBIF-Taxon="205875625" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7408126" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039A87C2267CB863A0E8FCBEFABA9F05" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039A87C2267CB863A0E8FCBEFABA9F05" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">
<subSubSection id="C329655F267CB863A0E8FCBEFCC99AB9" box="[151,811,978,1005]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8C36D4267CB863A0E8FCBEFCC99AB9" blockId="1.[151,811,978,1005]" box="[151,811,978,1005]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">
<heading id="D0C481B8267CB863A0E8FCBEFCC99AB9" bold="true" box="[151,811,978,1005]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B947EAC6267CB863A0E8FCBEFCC99AB9" bold="true" box="[151,811,978,1005]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">
<taxonomicName id="4C334D57267CB863A0E8FCBEFD7F9AB9" authority="(Deichmann, 1941)" authorityName="Thandar &amp; Arumugam" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Deichmann" baseAuthorityYear="1941" box="[151,669,978,1005]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Sclerodactylidae" genus="Sclerothyone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="neofusus" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B947EAC6267CB863A0E8FCBEFE489AB9" bold="true" box="[151,426,978,1005]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">Sclerothyone neofusus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B25267CB863A1C6FCBEFD779AB9" author="Deichmann, E." box="[441,661,978,1004]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" pagination="61 - 153" refId="ref5136" refString="Deichmann, E. (1941) The Holothurioidea collected by the Velero III during the years 1932 - 38. Part 1. Dendrochirota. Allan Hancock Paciic Expedition, 8, 61 - 153, 6 text-figs, pls. 10 - 30." type="journal article" year="1941">Deichmann, 1941</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27457BD267CB863A2DAFCBEFCC99AB9" box="[677,811,978,1004]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C329655F267CB863A0E8FB76FABA9F05" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B8C36D4267CB863A0E8FB76FABA9F05" blockId="1.[151,1437,1050,1617]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">
Although the
<typeStatus id="54888876267CB863A150FB76FE739D61" box="[303,401,1050,1076]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
is now devoid of the calcareous ring and ossicles, perhaps completely decalcified, a dissected
<typeStatus id="54888876267CB863A0E8FB53FF159D0C" box="[151,247,1087,1113]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
demonstrated a well-developed calcareous ring (
<figureCitation id="13082A51267CB863A35BFB52FC789D0D" box="[804,922,1086,1112]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1727,1751]" captionTargetBox="[163,1427,187,1694]" captionTargetId="figure-29@2.[151,1436,179,1701]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Sclerothyone neofusus comb. nov. (Deichmann, 1941), paratype (MCZ,AHF no. 30).A. calcareous ring of paratype (mid-dorsal view); B. tables of body wall; C. corroded rods of tube feet; D. rods of tentacles; E. rosettes of tentacles. (A—scale 1; B–E scale 2). Sclerothyone obunca comb. nov. (Lampert, 1885), F. calcareous ring, mid-dorsal view; G. tables of body wall; H. tables of tentacles; I. tables of introvert [(all copied from Östergren (1938), perhaps from holotype)]. (r = radial plate; ir = interradial plate); A. Scale 1; B–E Scale 2; F. Scale 3; G. Scale 6; H. Scale 4; I. Scale 5)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7408124" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7408124/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">Figure 1A</figureCitation>
) typical of the
<taxonomicName id="4C334D57267CB863A435FB52FAE29D0D" box="[1098,1280,1086,1112]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Sclerothyonidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Sclerothyonidae</taxonomicName>
and the body wall ossicles (
<figureCitation id="13082A51267CB863A14BFB0EFE459D29" box="[308,423,1122,1148]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1727,1751]" captionTargetBox="[163,1427,187,1694]" captionTargetId="figure-29@2.[151,1436,179,1701]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Sclerothyone neofusus comb. nov. (Deichmann, 1941), paratype (MCZ,AHF no. 30).A. calcareous ring of paratype (mid-dorsal view); B. tables of body wall; C. corroded rods of tube feet; D. rods of tentacles; E. rosettes of tentacles. (A—scale 1; B–E scale 2). Sclerothyone obunca comb. nov. (Lampert, 1885), F. calcareous ring, mid-dorsal view; G. tables of body wall; H. tables of tentacles; I. tables of introvert [(all copied from Östergren (1938), perhaps from holotype)]. (r = radial plate; ir = interradial plate); A. Scale 1; B–E Scale 2; F. Scale 3; G. Scale 6; H. Scale 4; I. Scale 5)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7408124" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7408124/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">Figure 1B</figureCitation>
) as delicate 2-pillared tables but on their way to corrosion. The
<typeStatus id="54888876267CB863A409FB0FFB349D28" box="[1142,1238,1123,1149]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
corresponds well with
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B25267CB863A0B0FBEAFE569DF5" author="Deichmann, E." box="[207,436,1158,1184]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" pagination="61 - 153" refId="ref5136" refString="Deichmann, E. (1941) The Holothurioidea collected by the Velero III during the years 1932 - 38. Part 1. Dendrochirota. Allan Hancock Paciic Expedition, 8, 61 - 153, 6 text-figs, pls. 10 - 30." type="journal article" year="1941">Deichmann’s (1941)</bibRefCitation>
description of the species except that the pedicel ossicles are badly affected and appear as corroded rods (?plates) with central and terminal perforations (
<figureCitation id="13082A51267CB863A324FBC6FC339D91" box="[859,977,1194,1220]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1727,1751]" captionTargetBox="[163,1427,187,1694]" captionTargetId="figure-29@2.[151,1436,179,1701]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Sclerothyone neofusus comb. nov. (Deichmann, 1941), paratype (MCZ,AHF no. 30).A. calcareous ring of paratype (mid-dorsal view); B. tables of body wall; C. corroded rods of tube feet; D. rods of tentacles; E. rosettes of tentacles. (A—scale 1; B–E scale 2). Sclerothyone obunca comb. nov. (Lampert, 1885), F. calcareous ring, mid-dorsal view; G. tables of body wall; H. tables of tentacles; I. tables of introvert [(all copied from Östergren (1938), perhaps from holotype)]. (r = radial plate; ir = interradial plate); A. Scale 1; B–E Scale 2; F. Scale 3; G. Scale 6; H. Scale 4; I. Scale 5)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7408124" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7408124/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">Figure 1C</figureCitation>
). The tentacle ossicles comprise slender, curved, perforated rods (
<figureCitation id="13082A51267CB863A1C9FBA2FDCC9DBD" box="[438,558,1230,1256]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1727,1751]" captionTargetBox="[163,1427,187,1694]" captionTargetId="figure-29@2.[151,1436,179,1701]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Sclerothyone neofusus comb. nov. (Deichmann, 1941), paratype (MCZ,AHF no. 30).A. calcareous ring of paratype (mid-dorsal view); B. tables of body wall; C. corroded rods of tube feet; D. rods of tentacles; E. rosettes of tentacles. (A—scale 1; B–E scale 2). Sclerothyone obunca comb. nov. (Lampert, 1885), F. calcareous ring, mid-dorsal view; G. tables of body wall; H. tables of tentacles; I. tables of introvert [(all copied from Östergren (1938), perhaps from holotype)]. (r = radial plate; ir = interradial plate); A. Scale 1; B–E Scale 2; F. Scale 3; G. Scale 6; H. Scale 4; I. Scale 5)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7408124" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7408124/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">Figure 1D</figureCitation>
) and open rosettes (
<figureCitation id="13082A51267CB863A361FBA2FC779DBD" box="[798,917,1230,1256]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1727,1751]" captionTargetBox="[163,1427,187,1694]" captionTargetId="figure-29@2.[151,1436,179,1701]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Sclerothyone neofusus comb. nov. (Deichmann, 1941), paratype (MCZ,AHF no. 30).A. calcareous ring of paratype (mid-dorsal view); B. tables of body wall; C. corroded rods of tube feet; D. rods of tentacles; E. rosettes of tentacles. (A—scale 1; B–E scale 2). Sclerothyone obunca comb. nov. (Lampert, 1885), F. calcareous ring, mid-dorsal view; G. tables of body wall; H. tables of tentacles; I. tables of introvert [(all copied from Östergren (1938), perhaps from holotype)]. (r = radial plate; ir = interradial plate); A. Scale 1; B–E Scale 2; F. Scale 3; G. Scale 6; H. Scale 4; I. Scale 5)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7408124" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7408124/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">Figure 1E</figureCitation>
). No ossicles were detected in the introvert. From this we conclude that the calcareous ring and ossicles of the examined
<typeStatus id="54888876267CB863A385FB9FFBB89C58" box="[1018,1114,1267,1293]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
are close to the type species of
<taxonomicName id="4C334D57267CB863A0C7FA7AFEAB9C65" authorityName="Thandar" authorityYear="1989" box="[184,329,1302,1328]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Sclerodactylidae" genus="Sclerothyone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B947EAC6267CB863A0C7FA7AFEAB9C65" box="[184,329,1302,1328]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">Sclerothyone</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[(i.e.
<taxonomicName id="4C334D57267CB863A1EFFA7BFCA89C64" authority="(Ludwig &amp; Heding, 1935)" baseAuthorityName="Ludwig &amp; Heding" baseAuthorityYear="1935" box="[400,842,1302,1329]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Sclerodactylidae" genus="Sclerothyone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="velligera">
<emphasis id="B947EAC6267CB863A1EFFA7BFDF19C65" box="[400,531,1302,1329]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">S. velligera</emphasis>
(Ludwig &amp; Heding, 1935)
</taxonomicName>
] and also closely resemble those of
<taxonomicName id="4C334D57267CB863A490FA7BFEDF9C01" authority="Thandar, 2006" authorityName="Thandar" authorityYear="2006" class="Holothuroidea" family="Sclerodactylidae" genus="Sclerothyone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="unicolumnus">
<emphasis id="B947EAC6267CB863A490FA7BFA7E9C65" box="[1263,1436,1302,1329]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">S. unicolumnus</emphasis>
Thandar, 2006
</taxonomicName>
. However,
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B25267CB863A1C5FA56FD129C01" author="Martins, L. &amp; Tavares, M." box="[442,752,1338,1365]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" pagination="375 - 382" refId="ref5355" refString="Martins, L. &amp; Tavares, M. (2019) Two new species of Sclerothyone from the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean, with a key to the genera and species of Sclerothyoninae (Holothuroidea: Dendrochirotida: Sclerodactylidae). Zootaxa, 4658 (2), 375 - 382. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4658.2.1" type="journal article" year="2019">Martins and Tavares (2019)</bibRefCitation>
opined that
<taxonomicName id="4C334D57267CB863A305FA56FBD79C01" authorityName="Deichmann" authorityYear="1941" box="[890,1077,1338,1364]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thyone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="neofusus">
<emphasis id="B947EAC6267CB863A305FA56FBD79C01" box="[890,1077,1338,1364]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">Thyone neofusus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may belong in
<taxonomicName id="4C334D57267CB863A49CFA57FABD9C01" authorityName="Thandar" authorityYear="1989" box="[1251,1375,1339,1364]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Sclerodactylidae" genus="Temparena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B947EAC6267CB863A49CFA57FABD9C01" box="[1251,1375,1339,1364]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">Temparena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(also in
<taxonomicName id="4C334D57267CB863A0C9FA32FE939C2D" authorityName="Thandar" authorityYear="1989" box="[182,369,1374,1400]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Cucumariidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="1" pageNumber="65" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Sclerothyoninae">Sclerothyoninae</taxonomicName>
), rather than in
<taxonomicName id="4C334D57267CB863A25AFA32FD549C2D" authorityName="Thandar" authorityYear="1989" box="[549,694,1374,1400]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Sclerodactylidae" genus="Sclerothyone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B947EAC6267CB863A25AFA32FD549C2D" box="[549,694,1374,1400]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">Sclerothyone</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, as they mistook the plate-like ossicles illustrated by
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B25267CB863A564FA32FF079CC9" author="Deichmann, E." pageId="1" pageNumber="66" pagination="61 - 153" refId="ref5136" refString="Deichmann, E. (1941) The Holothurioidea collected by the Velero III during the years 1932 - 38. Part 1. Dendrochirota. Allan Hancock Paciic Expedition, 8, 61 - 153, 6 text-figs, pls. 10 - 30." type="journal article" year="1941">Deichmann (1941)</bibRefCitation>
, to have also come from the body wall. This observation is erroneous because of misinterpretation of
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B25267CB863A0E8FACAFE9F9C95" author="Deichmann, E." box="[151,381,1446,1472]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" pagination="61 - 153" refId="ref5136" refString="Deichmann, E. (1941) The Holothurioidea collected by the Velero III during the years 1932 - 38. Part 1. Dendrochirota. Allan Hancock Paciic Expedition, 8, 61 - 153, 6 text-figs, pls. 10 - 30." type="journal article" year="1941">Deichmann’s (1941)</bibRefCitation>
figure legend. It is here noted that the so-called plates are actually supporting plates, labelled as such in Deichmann’s legend, while in the description she herself stated that the plates may be reduced tables from the tube feet. However, it is noteworthy that Deichmann mentioned only rosettes in the introvert, but her figure clearly illustrates a “disc of table from introvert”. This may perhaps be contamination from another preparation. Hence, Deichmann’s description of the introvert deposits require clarification from a study of more material.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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