555 lines
72 KiB
XML
555 lines
72 KiB
XML
<document id="75D880CFEB9767A691231ACDC6520630" ID-CLB-Dataset="302046" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5497.4.7" ID-GBIF-Dataset="818f64f7-9bfc-4dbd-a033-d6d684aba5d5" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13619209" ID-ZooBank="AE09F1B9-870C-420E-958C-94C7CE0240CB" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1725027257354" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hoskin, Conrad J., Davies, Alexander & Aland, Kieran" docDate="2024" docId="039A87A5F933EA1FFF11D794C864F823" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5497.4.7.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5497 (4)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5497.4.7" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Nactus simakal Hoskin, Davies & Aland, 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="586" masterDocId="FFA3FFDDF935EA16FF86D703CB07FFD6" masterDocTitle="A new species of Nactus gecko from boulder-pile habitat on Dauan Island, Torres Strait, Australia" masterLastPageNumber="590" masterPageNumber="577" pageNumber="583" updateTime="1725299562389" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="E5250E0D26B7B016B49773AC1DF6D385">
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<mods:title id="380B96FA688C96B638B78381D71E992C">A new species of Nactus gecko from boulder-pile habitat on Dauan Island, Torres Strait, Australia</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="32EA38516929119780D69DEE9541E229" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="C8AE9C7CAE6A308469DCD2D0708CA0FE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="C6149E0A2F8C4F2C5F4DA30338D4F0ED">Hoskin, Conrad J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1E1FA2FC79720B7C72D914F79C4F0434">College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="C3264DE46B25745BF5D1BAA8A5F731D8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="79B0CD289944DEC2A63390D448BBFA8C">Davies, Alexander</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="83813B3B9A01A20587501CAA879F162E">10 Gregory Street, Taringa, QLD 4068, Australia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="49F2150B6E9EBCF75E07DFD1639183C2">Aland, Kieran</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BEB7E6030779923CED97E47CC63003C9">Wildwise Environmental Services, Viewland Drive, Doonan, Qld 4562, Australia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="4AA0248AC5B08849112A734EE39C9D80">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="97469FEEB59D8E8B6065367134820C43">
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<mods:date id="96E337B08286732013D79953AC83BD1F">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="685ABAB7ED9C104DB758AA01CADDE672">2024-08-27</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="9B8DEFA008D12101F4B06259C993CAC8">5497</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="7E1D57690E932F19923FB635D6E20E02">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5497.4.7</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier id="42FF6ED2E8C39DEC6CD9F387D0066607" type="GBIF-Dataset">818f64f7-9bfc-4dbd-a033-d6d684aba5d5</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="FF5D5C9552819DA0FB511CCB0C560CF9" type="Zenodo-Dep">13619209</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="039A87A5F933EA1FFF11D794C864F823" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13629525" ID-GBIF-Taxon="240056354" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13629525" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039A87A5F933EA1FFF11D794C864F823" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039A87A5F933EA1FFF11D794C864F823" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="586" pageId="6" pageNumber="583">
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<subSubSection id="C3296538F933EA10FF11D794CAB0FF67" box="[151,439,151,178]" pageId="6" pageNumber="583" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8C36B3F933EA10FF11D794CAB0FF67" blockId="6.[151,439,151,249]" box="[151,439,151,178]" pageId="6" pageNumber="583">
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<heading id="D0C481DFF933EA10FF11D794CAB0FF67" bold="true" box="[151,439,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="583" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B947EAA1F933EA10FF11D794CAB0FF67" bold="true" box="[151,439,151,178]" pageId="6" pageNumber="583">
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<taxonomicName id="4C334D30F933EA10FF11D794CA55FF64" authorityName="Hoskin & Davies & Aland" authorityYear="2024" box="[151,338,151,178]" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Nactus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="583" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="simakal" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B947EAA1F933EA10FF11D794CA55FF64" bold="true" box="[151,338,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="583">Nactus simakal</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27457DAF933EA10FEDFD794CAB0FF67" box="[345,439,151,177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="583" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3296538F933EA10FF11D7BFCA7BFF03" box="[151,380,187,214]" pageId="6" pageNumber="583" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8B8C36B3F933EA10FF11D7BFCA7BFF03" blockId="6.[151,439,151,249]" box="[151,380,187,214]" pageId="6" pageNumber="583">Dauan Island Gecko</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3296538F933EA10FF11D7DCCA28FF2F" box="[151,303,223,249]" pageId="6" pageNumber="583" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B8C36B3F933EA10FF11D7DCCA28FF2F" blockId="6.[151,439,151,249]" box="[151,303,223,249]" pageId="6" pageNumber="583">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13082A36F933EA10FF19D7DCCA21FF2F" box="[159,294,223,249]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 4" captionStart-1="FIGURE 5" captionStart-2="FIGURE 6" captionStart-3="FIGURE 7" captionStartId-0="7.[151,250,1823,1847]" captionStartId-1="8.[151,250,961,985]" captionStartId-2="9.[151,250,885,909]" captionStartId-3="9.[151,250,1371,1395]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1435,741,1799]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1435,181,937]" captionTargetBox-2="[208,1380,181,861]" captionTargetBox-3="[151,1435,970,1348]" captionTargetId-0="figure-319@7.[151,1435,741,1799]" captionTargetId-1="figure-23@8.[151,1435,181,937]" captionTargetId-2="figure-17@9.[208,1380,181,861]" captionTargetId-3="figure-59@9.[151,1435,970,1348]" captionTargetPageId-0="7" captionTargetPageId-1="8" captionTargetPageId-2="9" captionTargetPageId-3="9" captionText-0="FIGURE 4. Holotype of N. simakal sp. nov. (QM J97603) in life (A) and preserved (B). Photos: Conrad Hoskin." captionText-1="FIGURE 5. Nactus simakal sp. nov. in life. (A–C) Adults; (D) sub-adult. Photos: (A, D) Alexander Davies; (B, C) Conrad Hoskin." captionText-2="FIGURE 6. Adult N. simakal sp. nov. (QM J97603; below) compared with adult N. c.f. papua (QM J52386, Mer/Murray Island; above). Note the banded pattern, elongate form, and long, slender tail of N. simakal sp. nov. Photo: Conrad Hoskin." captionText-3="FIGURE 7. Similarity in general appearance between N. simakal sp. nov. (A) and N. galgajuga. Photos: (A) Conrad Hoskin; (B) Scott Macor." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13619221" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13619223" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13619225" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13619229" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13619221/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13619223/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/13619225/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/13619229/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="583">Figures 4–7</figureCitation>
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||
)
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3296538F933EA10FF11D624CA90FE7B" pageId="6" pageNumber="583" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B8C36B3F933EA10FF11D624CA90FE7B" blockId="6.[151,1437,295,2014]" pageId="6" pageNumber="583">
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<emphasis id="B947EAA1F933EA10FF11D624CA78FE97" bold="true" box="[151,383,295,321]" pageId="6" pageNumber="583">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B5B3CEEF933EA10FE02D624CE15FEB3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4927542302" collectingDate="2021-01-11" collectionCode="QM" collectorName="C. J. Hoskin & K. Aland & A. Davies & A. Zwar" elevation="50" latitude="-9.41337" location="Female" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="142.53781" municipality="Dauan Island" pageId="6" pageNumber="583" specimenCode="J97603" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B947EAA1F933EA10FE02D624CAFFFE97" bold="true" box="[388,504,295,321]" pageId="6" pageNumber="583">
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<typeStatus id="54888811F933EA10FE02D624CAF4FE97" box="[388,499,295,321]" pageId="6" pageNumber="583" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
.
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||
</emphasis>
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||
<location id="8EEC6068F933EA10FE78D624C954FE97" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039A87A5F933EA1FFF11D794C864F823:8EEC6068F933EA10FE78D624C954FE97" box="[510,595,295,321]" latitude="-9.41337" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="142.53781" municipality="Dauan Island" name="Female" pageId="6" pageNumber="583">Female</location>
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,
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||
<collectionCode id="ED22AE76F933EA10FDDAD624C98EFE97" box="[604,649,295,321]" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="6" pageNumber="583" type="Museum">QM</collectionCode>
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||
<specimenCode id="DB959EC8F933EA10FD09D624C9E7FE97" box="[655,736,295,321]" collectionCode="QM" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="6" pageNumber="583" type="Museum">J97603</specimenCode>
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(
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||
<figureCitation id="13082A36F933EA10FD68D624C837FE97" box="[750,816,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1823,1847]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,741,1799]" captionTargetId="figure-319@7.[151,1435,741,1799]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Holotype of N. simakal sp. nov. (QM J97603) in life (A) and preserved (B). Photos: Conrad Hoskin." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13619221" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13619221/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="583">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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),
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||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE8ACC9F933EA10FCC2D62BC8D0FE97" box="[836,983,295,322]" pageId="6" pageNumber="583">Dauan Island</collectingMunicipality>
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(-
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<geoCoordinate id="EE075074F933EA10FC6AD624CF6BFE97" box="[1004,1132,295,321]" degrees="9.41337" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="583" precision="1" value="-9.41337">9.41337° S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE075074F933EA10FBF1D624CE15FE94" box="[1143,1298,295,322]" degrees="142.53781" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="583" precision="1" value="142.53781">142.53781° E</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<elevation id="001ED180F933EA10FA9BD624CBFAFEB3" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="583" unit="m" value="50.0">
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<quantity id="4CCB9B56F933EA10FA9BD624CE53FE94" box="[1309,1364,295,322]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="583" unit="m" value="50.0">50 m</quantity>
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||
above sea level
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||
</elevation>
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), field collection code: conx5934,
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||
<collectorName id="26C65365F933EA10FD05D648C815FEB3" box="[643,786,331,358]" pageId="6" pageNumber="583">C. J. Hoskin</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName id="26C65365F933EA10FC98D64FC881FEB3" box="[798,902,331,358]" pageId="6" pageNumber="583">K. Aland</collectorName>
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||
,
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||
<collectorName id="26C65365F933EA10FC17D648CF06FEB3" box="[913,1025,331,357]" pageId="6" pageNumber="583">A. Davies</collectorName>
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||
&
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||
<collectorName id="26C65365F933EA10FBA3D648CF82FEB0" box="[1061,1157,331,358]" pageId="6" pageNumber="583">A. Zwar</collectorName>
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,
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||
<date id="FF8D1073F933EA10FB16D648CE15FEB3" box="[1168,1298,331,357]" pageId="6" pageNumber="583" value="2021-01-11">
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||
<collectingDate id="EFC9E99BF933EA10FB16D648CE15FEB3" box="[1168,1298,331,357]" pageId="6" pageNumber="583" value="2021-01-11">11/01/2021</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B5B3CEEF933EA10FA9BD648C9AAFE5C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4927542303" collectionCode="QM" pageId="6" pageNumber="583" specimenCode="J97602" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F933EA10FA9BD648CE9BFEB3" bold="true" box="[1309,1436,331,357]" pageId="6" pageNumber="583">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54888811F933EA10FA9BD648CE90FEB3" box="[1309,1431,331,357]" pageId="6" pageNumber="583" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
.
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||
</emphasis>
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||
<collectionCode id="ED22AE76F933EA10FF11D66CCBC3FE5F" box="[151,196,367,393]" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="6" pageNumber="583" type="Museum">QM</collectionCode>
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||
<specimenCode id="DB959EC8F933EA10FF49D66CCA27FE5F" box="[207,288,367,393]" collectionCode="QM" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="6" pageNumber="583" type="Museum">J97602</specimenCode>
|
||
(field collection code: conx5935)
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
,
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B5B3CEEF933EA10FD3DD66CC8D4FE5C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4927542301" box="[699,979,367,394]" collectionCode="QM" pageId="6" pageNumber="583" specimenCode="J97604" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED22AE76F933EA10FD3DD66CC9EFFE5F" box="[699,744,367,393]" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="6" pageNumber="583" type="Museum">QM</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB959EC8F933EA10FD75D66CC843FE5F" box="[755,836,367,393]" collectionCode="QM" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="6" pageNumber="583" type="Museum">J97604</specimenCode>
|
||
(conx5943)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B5B3CEEF933EA10FC67D66CCA94FE7B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4927542304" collectionCode="QM" pageId="6" pageNumber="583" specimenCode="J97605" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED22AE76F933EA10FC67D66CCF09FE5F" box="[993,1038,367,393]" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="6" pageNumber="583" type="Museum">QM</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB959EC8F933EA10FB9FD66CCF6DFE5C" box="[1049,1130,367,394]" collectionCode="QM" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="6" pageNumber="583" type="Museum">J97605</specimenCode>
|
||
(conx5948), all collection details as for
|
||
<typeStatus id="54888811F933EA10FEABD690CA94FE7B" box="[301,403,403,429]" pageId="6" pageNumber="583" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3296538F933EA10FF41D6B4CBE5FE23" pageId="6" pageNumber="583" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C36B3F933EA10FF41D6B4CBE5FE23" blockId="6.[151,1437,295,2014]" pageId="6" pageNumber="583">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F933EA10FF41D6B4CA45FE07" bold="true" box="[199,322,439,465]" pageId="6" pageNumber="583">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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A slender, elongate
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D30F933EA10FDADD6BBC97EFE07" authorityName="Hoskin & Davies & Aland" authorityYear="2024" box="[555,633,440,465]" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Nactus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="583" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F933EA10FDADD6BBC97EFE07" box="[555,633,440,465]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="583">Nactus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gecko with strongly banded pattern and prominently keeled subcaudal scales.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3296538F933EA1EFF41D6FCCA10F9E8" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="585" pageId="6" pageNumber="583" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C36B3F933EA10FF41D6FCC84DFDCF" blockId="6.[151,1437,295,2014]" box="[199,842,511,537]" pageId="6" pageNumber="583">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F933EA10FF41D6FCC9EEFDCF" bold="true" box="[199,745,511,537]" pageId="6" pageNumber="583">
|
||
Measurements and scale counts of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54888811F933EA10FDE3D6FCC99FFDCF" box="[613,664,511,537]" pageId="6" pageNumber="583">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6B10308F933EA10FD76D6FCC843FDCF" box="[752,836,511,537]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,239,584,608]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphological measurements, proportions, and scale counts for the type specimens of N. simakal sp. nov. All measurements are in mm. The final column presents data for N. c.f. papua from nearby islands, as average followed by range in brackets. See Appendix for list of N. c.f. papua specimens examined." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF4C663BF936EA15FF11D54BC8D1FD7E" pageId="6" pageNumber="583" tableUuid="DF4C663BF936EA15FF11D54BC8D1FD7E">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C36B3F933EA11FF41D520C968FD1B" blockId="6.[151,1437,295,2014]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,151,717]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="584" pageId="6" pageNumber="583">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F933EA10FF41D520CAF8FDEB" bold="true" box="[199,511,547,573]" pageId="6" pageNumber="583">Description of type series.</emphasis>
|
||
A medium-sized (SVL
|
||
<quantity id="4CCB9B56F933EA10FC88D520C8B3FDE8" box="[782,948,547,574]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" metricValueMax="5.36" metricValueMin="4.4399999999999995" pageId="6" pageNumber="583" unit="mm" value="49.0" valueMax="53.6" valueMin="44.4">44.4–53.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
, mean
|
||
<quantity id="4CCB9B56F933EA10FB83D520CF6CFDEB" box="[1029,1131,547,573]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.91" pageId="6" pageNumber="583" unit="mm" value="49.1">49.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D30F933EA10FBFDD527CFCEFDEB" authorityName="Hoskin & Davies & Aland" authorityYear="2024" box="[1147,1225,548,573]" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Nactus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="583" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F933EA10FBFDD527CFCEFDEB" box="[1147,1225,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="583">Nactus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with slender body and limbs, a long, slender tail, and a banded pattern.
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F933EA10FC8ED544C84DFDB7" bold="true" box="[776,842,583,610]" pageId="6" pageNumber="583">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F933EA10FC8ED544C844FDB4" bold="true" box="[776,835,583,610]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="583">Body</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Moderate length (AG/SVL 0.33–0.41, mean 0.38); slightly flattened; slender (BW/SVL 0.18–0.22, mean 0.20); dorsal scales minute, with longitudinal rows of enlarged tubercles (12–14 rows, mean 13.0, counted at the mid body; 7–8 rows, mean 7.8, counted at the hips), with the rows starting on the back of the head, ‘funnelling’ through the neck, then extending generally unbroken down the back and flanks and converging above the hips and base of tail (enlarged tubercle count for second parasagittal: 30–35 tubercles, mean 32.3); scales on ventral surfaces of head and body moderate-sized, finely keeled, and increasing in size from throat to subcaudals; typically 2 spurs (post-cloacal tubercles) positioned laterally on either side of the cloaca in both sexes (except
|
||
<typeStatus id="54888811F933EA10FD8CD440C968FC8B" box="[522,623,835,861]" pageId="6" pageNumber="583" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, which has 3 on left side, 2 on right side), rounded rather than pointed, more well-defined in males; row of 9 (N = 2) pre-cloacal pores in mature males, aligned in a V-shape, not divided medially, not extending to underside of legs; pre-cloacal pores not evident in females (N = 2); neck long (NL/SVL = 0.17–0.22, mean 0.18).
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F933EA10FE38D4ACC903FC1F" bold="true" box="[446,516,943,970]" pageId="6" pageNumber="583">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F933EA10FE38D4ACCAFBFC1C" bold="true" box="[446,508,943,970]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="583">Head</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Distinct from neck; moderately long (HL/SVL = 0.25–0.28, mean 0.26), narrow (HW/SVL = 0.18–0.19, mean 0.18) and flattened (HD/SVL =
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE075074F933EA10FCE4D4D0C8A6FC3B" box="[866,929,979,1005]" degrees="0.091" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="583" precision="55" value="0.091">0.091</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE075074F933EA10FC27D4D0C8F6FC3B" box="[929,1009,979,1005]" degrees="0.104" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="583" precision="55" value="-0.104">–0.104</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, mean 0.096); snout moderately long (SL/HL = 0.40–0.47, mean 0.44), relatively wide (SW/HW = 0.22–0.22, mean 0.22) and slightly up-turned to give a ‘beaky’ appearance; snout covered in small granular scales, with some larger tubercles interspersed across the crown; scales diamond-shaped on snout and temporal areas; scales highly variable in shape across crown; rostral scale approximately twice as wide as deep, divided 50–70% (mean 58%) vertically by a medial groove; rostral contacting nostril, scales bordering posterior margin of supra-nasals 13–14 (mean 13.3); scales contacting nostril 6– 7 (mean 6.3), counted as all scales contacting the nasal (including the rostral and first supralabial); supralabials, total count 7–8 (mean 7.8); supralabials, count to below middle of eye 3; supralabials all similar shape, but decreasing in size posteriorly; infralabials, total count 7–8 (mean 7.5); infralabials, count to below middle of eye 3; first two infralabials obviously deeper than wide; two large scales contact posterior margin of mental scale and first infralabials, typically contacting each other to exclude granular scales from contacting mental; scales contacting other infralabials then minute and rounded, except for those along the infralabials, which are moderate-sized (but quickly grade ventrally to minute rounded scales on throat); ear opening small and rounded or slightly horizontally or diagonally elongate; eye large (ED/SVL =
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE075074F933EA10FD12D2A4C9D3FA14" box="[660,724,1447,1474]" degrees="0.059" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="583" precision="55" value="0.059">0.059</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE075074F933EA10FD52D2A4C825FA14" box="[724,802,1447,1474]" degrees="0.072" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="583" precision="55" value="-0.072">–0.072</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, mean 0.063).
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F933EA10FC41D2A4CF12FA14" bold="true" box="[967,1045,1447,1474]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="583">Limbs.</emphasis>
|
||
Long (FL/SVL = 0.14–0.16, mean 0.15; L1/SVL 0.35–0.38, mean 0.36; LHL/SVL = 0.19–0.20, mean 0.20; L2/SVL 0.47–0.53, mean 0.50); scales on dorsal surface of forelimbs evenly small; scattered large tubercles on posterior thigh and lower hindleg (crus); scales under limbs evenly very small; digits laterally compressed, with small subdigital lamellae, all undivided, with the lamellae being relatively large for the first half of the series and then small to the tip of the digit, with the apical lamellae forming a sheath on the claw; lamellae shape and size progression similar on all digits; finger subdigital lamellae counts (including apical pair): F1 9–10 (mean 9.5), F2 12–14 (mean 13.0), F3 14–15 (mean 14.5), F4 14–16 (mean 14.8), F5 12–13 (mean 12.8); toe subdigital lamellae counts (including apical pair): T1 10–11 (mean 10.3), T2 13–15 (mean 14.0), T3 16–19 (mean 17.5), T4 17–19 (mean 18.0), T5 17–18 (mean 17.8); large scales along the inner and outer edge of the palm and foot, the rest smaller and even-sized.
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F933EA10FBC4D1E8CFD1F8D0" bold="true" box="[1090,1238,1771,1798]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="583">Original tail.</emphasis>
|
||
Long (TL/SVL = 1.13–1.39, mean 1.28, N = 3), narrow (TW/SVL =
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE075074F933EA10FD54D00CC815F8FF" box="[722,786,1807,1833]" degrees="0.068" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="583" precision="55" value="0.068">0.068</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE075074F933EA10FC94D00CC865F8FF" box="[786,866,1807,1833]" degrees="0.080" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="583" precision="55" value="-0.08">–0.080</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, mean 0.074, N = 4), rounded to slightly depressed (TW/TD = 1.02–1.25, mean 1.15, N = 4; TD/SVL =
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE075074F933EA10FD5BD030C81AF898" box="[733,797,1843,1870]" degrees="0.054" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="583" precision="55" value="0.054">0.054</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE075074F933EA10FC9BD030C86BF898" box="[797,876,1843,1870]" degrees="0.079" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="583" precision="55" value="-0.079">–0.079</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, mean 0.065, N = 4), and evenly tapering to a very fine tip; enlarged, longitudinal tubercle rows extend about 10% along base of tail; remaining dorsal scales on tail moderate-sized and pointed; scales on underside of tail large, with angular posterior edge, and obviously keeled;
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F933EA10FF11D09CCA33F86C" bold="true" box="[151,308,1951,1978]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="583">Regrown tail.</emphasis>
|
||
No regrown tails in type series.
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F933EA10FD28D09CC899F86F" bold="true" box="[686,926,1951,1978]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="583">Colouration in spirit</emphasis>
|
||
(e.g.,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13082A36F933EA10FC6ED09CCF43F86F" box="[1000,1092,1951,1977]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1823,1847]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,741,1799]" captionTargetId="figure-319@7.[151,1435,741,1799]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Holotype of N. simakal sp. nov. (QM J97603) in life (A) and preserved (B). Photos: Conrad Hoskin." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13619221" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13619221/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="583">Figs 4B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13082A36F933EA10FBD4D09CCF65F86F" box="[1106,1122,1951,1977]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,885,909]" captionTargetBox="[208,1380,181,861]" captionTargetId="figure-17@9.[208,1380,181,861]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Adult N. simakal sp. nov. (QM J97603; below) compared with adult N. c.f. papua (QM J52386, Mer/Murray Island; above). Note the banded pattern, elongate form, and long, slender tail of N. simakal sp. nov. Photo: Conrad Hoskin." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13619225" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13619225/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="583">6</figureCitation>
|
||
). Dorsal pattern consists of prominent dark and pale bands. A thin, dark vertebral line typically connects the dark bands and breaks the pale bands. Dark bands are black or dark brown; each pale band has a white anterior edge and then grades to dark grey. All individuals share the same number of bands on the body, consisting of a pale nape band, then five pale bands from the shoulders to above the vent (i.e., just posterior to the hips), and five dark bands from the neck to the hips. Dark and pale bands are approximately even width on body. Bands extend along tail, but as unbroken dark and white bands, with the dark bands getting relatively broader along the length. Bands on body and tail fade out abruptly on lower lateral surfaces. Forelimbs faintly banded; hind limbs prominently banded with two or three dark bands on a grey background. Top of head grey or light brown with brown blotches or mottling; dark band extends from snout, above supralabials, through the ear opening, and then in an irregular way around back of crown; pale grey band along canthal ridge; infralabials white, and white markings extending along lower sides of head (and as pale spots along lower flank in some individuals). Ventral surface of head, body and limbs cream or grey/light brown; darker pigment starts posterior to cloaca and underside of tail dark brown to black, with white tail bands not quite connecting initially (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13082A36F932EA11FE04D520CADCFDEB" box="[386,475,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1435,1459]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,1034,1412]" captionTargetId="figure-186@4.[189,1398,1034,1412]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Example of keeled (A) and unkeeled (B) subcaudal scales. (A) N. simakal sp. nov. (QM J97603); (B) N. cheverti (QM J97608, Fitzroy Island). Photos: Conrad Hoskin." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13619213" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13619213/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="584">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
) but then connecting ventrally towards end of tail. Palms and feet dark grey.
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F932EA11FACDD521CA30FDB7" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="584">Colour pattern in life</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13082A36F932EA11FEC1D544CAA1FDB7" box="[327,422,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1823,1847]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,741,1799]" captionTargetId="figure-319@7.[151,1435,741,1799]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Holotype of N. simakal sp. nov. (QM J97603) in life (A) and preserved (B). Photos: Conrad Hoskin." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13619221" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13619221/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="584">Figs 4A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13082A36F932EA11FE35D545CAC4FDB7" box="[435,451,582,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,961,985]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,937]" captionTargetId="figure-23@8.[151,1435,181,937]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Nactus simakal sp. nov. in life. (A–C) Adults; (D) sub-adult. Photos: (A, D) Alexander Davies; (B, C) Conrad Hoskin." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13619223" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13619223/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="584">5</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13082A36F932EA11FE56D544CAF2FDB7" box="[464,501,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1371,1395]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,970,1348]" captionTargetId="figure-59@9.[151,1435,970,1348]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Similarity in general appearance between N. simakal sp. nov. (A) and N. galgajuga. Photos: (A) Conrad Hoskin; (B) Scott Macor." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13619229" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13619229/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="584">7A</figureCitation>
|
||
). As described above but all markings more contrasting dark and light. A subadult photographed in life (but not collected) had a similar pattern to the adults but most aspects were more contrasting dark and white, including bright white spots extending from the lower jaw, along the neck and flanks, and down the lower lateral surfaces of the tail (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13082A36F932EA11FD8ED5B0C965FD1B" box="[520,610,690,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,961,985]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,937]" captionTargetId="figure-23@8.[151,1435,181,937]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Nactus simakal sp. nov. in life. (A–C) Adults; (D) sub-adult. Photos: (A, D) Alexander Davies; (B, C) Conrad Hoskin." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13619223" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13619223/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="584">Fig. 5D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF4C663BF932EA11FF11D01CCE12F8E1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13619221" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13619221" box="[151,1301,1823,1847]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13619221/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="584" startId="7.[151,250,1823,1847]" targetBox="[151,1435,741,1799]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C36B3F932EA11FF11D01CCE12F8E1" blockId="7.[151,1301,1823,1847]" box="[151,1301,1823,1847]" pageId="7" pageNumber="584">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F932EA11FF11D01CCA14F8E1" bold="true" box="[151,275,1823,1847]" pageId="7" pageNumber="584">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D30F932EA11FE1FD023C901F8E1" authorityName="Hoskin & Davies & Aland" authorityYear="2024" box="[409,518,1823,1847]" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Nactus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="584" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="simakal" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F932EA11FE1FD023C901F8E1" box="[409,518,1823,1847]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="584">N. simakal</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F932EA11FD8AD01CC95AF8E1" bold="true" box="[524,605,1823,1847]" pageId="7" pageNumber="584">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27457DAF932EA11FD8AD01CC95AF8E1" box="[524,605,1823,1847]" pageId="7" pageNumber="584" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(QM J97603) in life (A) and preserved (B). Photos: Conrad Hoskin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF4C663BF93DEA1EFF11D4C2CBEFFC2B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13619223" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13619223" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13619223/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" startId="8.[151,250,961,985]" targetBox="[151,1435,181,937]" targetPageId="8" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C36B3F93DEA1EFF11D4C2CBEFFC2B" blockId="8.[151,1437,961,1021]" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93DEA1EFF11D4C2CA12FC0F" bold="true" box="[151,277,961,985]" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D30F93DEA1EFE98D4C1CABBFC0F" authorityName="Hoskin & Davies & Aland" authorityYear="2024" box="[286,444,961,985]" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Nactus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="simakal" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93DEA1EFE98D4C1CABBFC0F" box="[286,444,961,985]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">Nactus simakal</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93DEA1EFE42D4C2C910FC0F" bold="true" box="[452,535,961,985]" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27457DAF93DEA1EFE42D4C2C910FC0F" box="[452,535,961,985]" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
in life. (A–C) Adults; (D) sub-adult. Photos: (A, D) Alexander Davies; (B, C) Conrad Hoskin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C36B3F93DEA1EFF41D34CC9FCFA07" blockId="8.[151,1437,1103,1994]" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93DEA1EFF41D34CCA6AFBBF" bold="true" box="[199,365,1103,1129]" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">Comparisons.</emphasis>
|
||
Readily distinguished from all other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D30F93DEA1EFC90D353C863FBBF" authorityName="Hoskin & Davies & Aland" authorityYear="2024" box="[790,868,1104,1129]" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Nactus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93DEA1EFC90D353C863FBBF" box="[790,868,1104,1129]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">Nactus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(except
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D30F93DEA1EFC40D353CF5DFBBF" baseAuthorityName="Ingram" baseAuthorityYear="1978" box="[966,1114,1103,1129]" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Nactus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="galgajuga">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93DEA1EFC40D353CF5DFBBF" box="[966,1114,1103,1129]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">N. galgajuga</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D30F93DEA1EFB14D353CFFFFBBF" authorityName="Zug & Fisher" authorityYear="2012" box="[1170,1272,1103,1129]" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Nactus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kunan">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93DEA1EFB14D353CFFFFBBF" box="[1170,1272,1103,1129]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">N. kunan</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) by obviously banded colour pattern (
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93DEA1EFE1FD377CAE6FB5B" box="[409,481,1140,1165]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">versus</emphasis>
|
||
all other species light or medium grey/brown dorsal ground colour, with variable dark brown bars/blotches/flecks and white spots/flecks;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B42F93DEA1EFD57D39BC8AEFB67" author="Zug, G. R. & Fisher, R. N." box="[721,937,1175,1202]" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" pagination="22 - 37" refId="ref8538" refString="Zug, G. R. & Fisher, R. N. (2012) A preliminary assessment of the Nactus pelagicus species group (Squamata: Gekkonidae) in New Guinea and a new species from the Admiralty Islands. Zootaxa, 3257 (1), 22 - 37. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3257.1.2" type="journal article" year="2012">Zug & Fisher 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B42F93DEA1EFC35D39BCF23FB67" author="Zug, G. R." box="[947,1060,1175,1202]" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" pagination="1 - 92" refId="ref8481" refString="Zug, G. R. (2020) Diversity in Pacific slender-toed geckos, Nactus pelagicus complex (Reptilia: Squamata), of New Guinea and adjacent Islands. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 651, 1 - 92. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 13091285. v 1" type="journal article" year="2020">Zug 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D30F93DEA1EFA93D39BCE7EFB67" authorityName="Zug & Fisher" authorityYear="2012" box="[1301,1401,1175,1201]" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Nactus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kunan">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93DEA1EFA93D39BCE7EFB67" box="[1301,1401,1175,1201]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">N. kunan</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by pale bands being white/grey (
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93DEA1EFE5DD3BFCAF5FB03" box="[475,498,1212,1237]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">vs</emphasis>
|
||
yellow), smaller size (SVL 44.4–53.6
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93DEA1EFC1ED3BFC8A8FB03" box="[920,943,1212,1237]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">vs</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="4CCB9B56F93DEA1EFC33D3B8CF1CFB03" box="[949,1051,1211,1238]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.66" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" unit="mm" value="56.6">56.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
), and longer snout–forelimb length (SF/SVL 0.41–0.47
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93DEA1EFEF1D3E3CA89FB2F" box="[375,398,1248,1273]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">vs</emphasis>
|
||
0.40) (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D30F93DEA1EFE58D3E3C946FB2F" authorityName="Zug & Fisher" authorityYear="2012" box="[478,577,1247,1273]" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Nactus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kunan">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93DEA1EFE58D3E3C946FB2F" box="[478,577,1247,1273]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">N. kunan</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
data from a single adult female;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B42F93DEA1EFC2DD3E3CF85FB2F" author="Zug, G. R. & Fisher, R. N." box="[939,1154,1247,1274]" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" pagination="22 - 37" refId="ref8538" refString="Zug, G. R. & Fisher, R. N. (2012) A preliminary assessment of the Nactus pelagicus species group (Squamata: Gekkonidae) in New Guinea and a new species from the Admiralty Islands. Zootaxa, 3257 (1), 22 - 37. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3257.1.2" type="journal article" year="2012">Zug & Fisher 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D30F93DEA1EFB15D3E3CE39FB2F" authorityName="Hoskin & Davies & Aland" authorityYear="2024" box="[1171,1342,1247,1273]" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Nactus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="simakal" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93DEA1EFB15D3E3CE39FB2F" box="[1171,1342,1247,1273]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">Nactus simakal</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93DEA1EFAC2D3DCCE9BFB2F" bold="true" box="[1348,1436,1247,1273]" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27457DAF93DEA1EFAC2D3DCCE9BFB2F" box="[1348,1436,1247,1273]" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D30F93DEA1EFE09D207C924FACB" baseAuthorityName="Ingram" baseAuthorityYear="1978" box="[399,547,1283,1309]" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Nactus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="galgajuga">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93DEA1EFE09D207C924FACB" box="[399,547,1283,1309]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">N. galgajuga</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by keeled subcaudal scales (
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93DEA1EFCEBD207C883FACB" box="[877,900,1284,1309]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">vs</emphasis>
|
||
smooth). In terms of other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D30F93DEA1EFB46D207CE09FACB" authorityName="Hoskin & Davies & Aland" authorityYear="2024" box="[1216,1294,1284,1309]" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Nactus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93DEA1EFB46D207CE09FACB" box="[1216,1294,1284,1309]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">Nactus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
recorded on Torres Strait islands,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D30F93DEA1EFE04D22BCAFFFA97" authorityName="Hoskin & Davies & Aland" authorityYear="2024" box="[386,504,1319,1345]" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Nactus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="simakal" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93DEA1EFE04D22BCAFFFA97" box="[386,504,1319,1345]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">N. simakal</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93DEA1EFE78D224C950FA97" bold="true" box="[510,599,1319,1345]" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27457DAF93DEA1EFE78D224C950FA97" box="[510,599,1319,1345]" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is readily distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D30F93DEA1EFC27D22BCF41FA97" baseAuthorityName="Macleay" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[929,1094,1319,1345]" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Nactus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="eboracensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93DEA1EFC27D22BCF41FA97" box="[929,1094,1319,1345]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">N. eboracensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by keeled subcaudal scales (
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93DEA1EFA03D22BCE9BFA97" box="[1413,1436,1320,1345]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">vs</emphasis>
|
||
smooth), and from
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93DEA1EFEF7D24FCA8CFAB3" box="[369,395,1356,1381]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">N.</emphasis>
|
||
c.f.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D30F93DEA1EFE38D24FC903FAB3" baseAuthorityName="Zug" baseAuthorityYear="2020" box="[446,516,1356,1381]" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Nactus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="papua">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93DEA1EFE38D24FC903FAB3" box="[446,516,1356,1381]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">papua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by banded body pattern (
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93DEA1EFCA1D24FC839FAB3" box="[807,830,1356,1381]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">vs</emphasis>
|
||
brown or grey with dark brown bars or blotches, and white flecks), slender and elongate form (e.g.,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13082A36F93DEA1EFD1FD26CC9DBFA5F" box="[665,732,1391,1417]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,885,909]" captionTargetBox="[208,1380,181,861]" captionTargetId="figure-17@9.[208,1380,181,861]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Adult N. simakal sp. nov. (QM J97603; below) compared with adult N. c.f. papua (QM J52386, Mer/Murray Island; above). Note the banded pattern, elongate form, and long, slender tail of N. simakal sp. nov. Photo: Conrad Hoskin." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13619225" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13619225/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
), and shape differences including longer hindlimbs (LHL/SVL, L2/SVL), longer neck (NL/SVL) and snout–forelimb (SF/SVL), flatter head (HD/SVL), and longer (TL/SVL), thinner (TW/SVL) and flatter (TD/SVL) tail (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6B10308F93DEA1EFD10D2B4C9EDFA07" box="[662,746,1463,1489]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,239,584,608]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphological measurements, proportions, and scale counts for the type specimens of N. simakal sp. nov. All measurements are in mm. The final column presents data for N. c.f. papua from nearby islands, as average followed by range in brackets. See Appendix for list of N. c.f. papua specimens examined." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF4C663BF936EA15FF11D54BC8D1FD7E" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" tableUuid="DF4C663BF936EA15FF11D54BC8D1FD7E">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C36B3F93DEA1EFF41D2D8CA10F9E8" blockId="8.[151,1437,1103,1994]" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93DEA1EFF41D2D8CA69FA23" bold="true" box="[199,366,1499,1525]" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">Genetic data.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectorName id="26C65365F93DEA1EFEFAD2DFCAE1FA23" box="[380,486,1499,1526]" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">Two ND</collectorName>
|
||
2 sequences were deposited on
|
||
<collectorName id="26C65365F93DEA1EFCEBD2D8C8DCFA23" box="[877,987,1499,1525]" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">GenBank</collectorName>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB959EC8F93DEA1EFC68D2D8CF69FA20" box="[1006,1134,1499,1526]" collectionCode="OM" country="New Zealand" name="Otago Museum" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">OM523359</specimenCode>
|
||
(specimen:
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED22AE76F93DEA1EFA81D2D8CE33FA23" box="[1287,1332,1499,1525]" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" type="Museum">QM</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB959EC8F93DEA1EFAC2D2D8CE9FFA23" box="[1348,1432,1499,1525]" collectionCode="QM" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" type="Museum">J97603</specimenCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<typeStatus id="54888811F93DEA1EFF11D2FCCBFAF9CF" box="[151,253,1535,1561]" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
; genetic sample code: conx5934) and
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB959EC8F93DEA1EFD20D2FCC820F9CC" box="[678,807,1535,1562]" collectionCode="OM" country="New Zealand" name="Otago Museum" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">OM523360</specimenCode>
|
||
(specimen:
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED22AE76F93DEA1EFC36D2FCC8DAF9CF" box="[944,989,1535,1561]" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" type="Museum">QM</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB959EC8F93DEA1EFC62D2FCCF3FF9CF" box="[996,1080,1535,1561]" collectionCode="QM" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" type="Museum">J97602</specimenCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<typeStatus id="54888811F93DEA1EFBC5D103CFA0F9CC" box="[1091,1191,1536,1562]" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
; genetic sample code: conx5935).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3296538F93DEA1EFF41D144C869F97F" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C36B3F93DEA1EFF41D144C869F97F" blockId="8.[151,1437,1103,1994]" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93DEA1EFF41D144CA49F9B7" bold="true" box="[199,334,1607,1633]" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The species name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D30F93DEA1EFDB1D144C990F9B7" authorityName="Hoskin & Davies & Aland" authorityYear="2024" box="[567,663,1607,1633]" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Nactus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="simakal">
|
||
‘
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93DEA1EFDC6D144C990F9B7" box="[576,663,1607,1633]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">simakal</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’ is in reference to Simakal Pad, the local language name for Mt Cornwallis (the mountain that dominates Dauan Island). The local language name was provided by Laurie Elisala, Torenzo Elisala, Abi Mooka, Tenny Elisala, and Thomas Mooka.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3296538F93DEA1EFF41D1B0CE13F8EF" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C36B3F93DEA1EFF41D1B0CE13F8EF" blockId="8.[151,1437,1103,1994]" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93DEA1EFF41D1B0CA66F91B" bold="true" box="[199,353,1715,1741]" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Known only from Dauan Island, in the northern Torres Strait (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13082A36F93DEA1EFB9DD1B0CF5BF91B" box="[1051,1116,1715,1741]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1561,1585]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,183,1537]" captionTargetId="figure-17@1.[264,1323,181,1537]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map of occurrence records of Nactus species in northern Queensland and southern New Guinea. Occurrence records come from the Queensland Museum, Australian Museum, author observations, and Zug (2020)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13619211" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13619211/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). The island is only
|
||
<quantity id="4CCB9B56F93DEA1EFAC7D1B0CE9BF91B" box="[1345,1436,1715,1742]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" unit="km" value="10.5">10.5 km</quantity>
|
||
from the mainland of New
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3247623F93DEA1EFE44D1D4C914F927" box="[450,531,1751,1777]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
but is situated within the boundaries of the state of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F7F851F93DEA1EFBCDD1D4CFD5F927" box="[1099,1234,1751,1777]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">Queensland</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3247623F93DEA1EFB5DD1D4CE42F927" box="[1243,1349,1751,1777]" name="Australia" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D30F93DEA1EFAC8D1DBCBE9F8C3" authorityName="Hoskin & Davies & Aland" authorityYear="2024" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Nactus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="simakal" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93DEA1EFAC8D1DBCBE9F8C3" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">Nactus simakal</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93DEA1EFF71D1F8CA56F8C3" bold="true" box="[247,337,1787,1813]" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27457DAF93DEA1EFF71D1F8CA56F8C3" box="[247,337,1787,1813]" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is probably restricted to Dauan Island due to occurrence on deeply piled granite boulder habitat, which is not present to any significant degree on nearby islands or the adjacent New
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3247623F93DEA1EFBCBD01CCF99F8EF" box="[1101,1182,1823,1849]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
mainland.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3296538F93DEA1EFF41D040CE29F81C" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C36B3F93DEA1EFF41D040CE29F81C" blockId="8.[151,1437,1103,1994]" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93DEA1EFF41D040CA83F88B" bold="true" box="[199,388,1859,1885]" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">Natural history.</emphasis>
|
||
Habitat consists of piled granite rock. All observations were made in areas of boulders under a rainforest canopy (e.g.,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13082A36F93DEA1EFE1BD064CAD8F857" box="[413,479,1895,1921]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,961,985]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,181,937]" captionTargetId="figure-23@10.[264,1323,181,937]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Habitat of N. simakal sp. nov. on Dauan Island. Photo: Conrad Hoskin." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13619231" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13619231/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
). Observed at night on rock surfaces or in crevices among rocks. Moves quickly across rock surfaces and into deep crevices when disturbed. No information on diet but assumed to feed on invertebrates. No information on breeding biology. Neither of the
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D35FD3AF93DEA1EFD5AD0B3C863F81F" box="[732,868,1967,1994]" count="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" type="female">two females</specimenCount>
|
||
collected in January were carrying eggs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF4C663BF93CEA1FFF11D476CE2BFC67" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13619225" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13619225" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13619225/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="586" startId="9.[151,250,885,909]" targetBox="[208,1380,181,861]" targetPageId="9" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C36B3F93CEA1FFF11D476CE2BFC67" blockId="9.[151,1436,885,945]" pageId="9" pageNumber="586">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93CEA1FFF11D476CA15FC5B" bold="true" box="[151,274,885,909]" pageId="9" pageNumber="586">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
Adult
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D30F93CEA1FFED2D475CAC7FC5B" authorityName="Hoskin & Davies & Aland" authorityYear="2024" box="[340,448,885,909]" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Nactus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="586" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="simakal" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93CEA1FFED2D475CAC7FC5B" box="[340,448,885,909]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="586">N. simakal</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93CEA1FFE43D476C913FC5B" bold="true" box="[453,532,885,909]" pageId="9" pageNumber="586">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27457DAF93CEA1FFE43D476C913FC5B" box="[453,532,885,909]" pageId="9" pageNumber="586" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(QM J97603; below) compared with adult
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93CEA1FFC42D475C8DBFC5B" box="[964,988,886,909]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="586">N.</emphasis>
|
||
c.f.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D30F93CEA1FFB83D475CF43FC5B" baseAuthorityName="Zug" baseAuthorityYear="2020" box="[1029,1092,886,909]" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Nactus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="586" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="papua">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93CEA1FFB83D475CF43FC5B" box="[1029,1092,886,909]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="586">papua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(QM J52386, Mer/Murray Island; above). Note the banded pattern, elongate form, and long, slender tail of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D30F93CEA1FFCFED499C8E2FC67" authorityName="Hoskin & Davies & Aland" authorityYear="2024" box="[888,997,921,945]" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Nactus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="586" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="simakal" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93CEA1FFCFED499C8E2FC67" box="[888,997,921,945]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="586">N. simakal</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93CEA1FFC6DD49ACF3BFC67" bold="true" box="[1003,1084,921,945]" pageId="9" pageNumber="586">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27457DAF93CEA1FFC6DD49ACF3BFC67" box="[1003,1084,921,945]" pageId="9" pageNumber="586" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Photo: Conrad Hoskin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF4C663BF93CEA1FFF11D258CA45FA41" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13619229" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13619229" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13619229/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="586" startId="9.[151,250,1371,1395]" targetBox="[151,1435,970,1348]" targetPageId="9" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C36B3F93CEA1FFF11D258CA45FA41" blockId="9.[151,1436,1371,1432]" pageId="9" pageNumber="586">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93CEA1FFF11D258CA13FAA2" bold="true" box="[151,276,1371,1396]" pageId="9" pageNumber="586">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
|
||
Similarity in general appearance between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D30F93CEA1FFD4ED25FC832FAA2" authorityName="Hoskin & Davies & Aland" authorityYear="2024" box="[712,821,1372,1396]" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Nactus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="586" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="simakal" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93CEA1FFD4ED25FC832FAA2" box="[712,821,1372,1396]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="586">N. simakal</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93CEA1FFCBAD25FC88AFAA2" bold="true" box="[828,909,1372,1396]" pageId="9" pageNumber="586">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27457DAF93CEA1FFCBAD25FC88AFAA2" box="[828,909,1372,1396]" pageId="9" pageNumber="586" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(A) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D30F93CEA1FFC6DD25FCF77FAA2" baseAuthorityName="Ingram" baseAuthorityYear="1978" box="[1003,1136,1372,1396]" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Nactus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="586" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="galgajuga">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93CEA1FFC6DD25FCF77FAA2" box="[1003,1136,1372,1396]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="586">N. galgajuga</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Photos: (A) Conrad Hoskin; (B) Scott Macor.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3296538F93CEA1FFF41D2E0C864F823" pageId="9" pageNumber="586" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C36B3F93CEA1FFF41D2E0C864F823" blockId="9.[151,1437,1507,2038]" pageId="9" pageNumber="586">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93CEA1FFF41D2E0CA68FA2B" bold="true" box="[199,367,1507,1533]" pageId="9" pageNumber="586">Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Given restriction to a single island and a very small known area of occurrence on the island,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D30F93CEA1FFF11D10BCA15F9F7" authorityName="Hoskin & Davies & Aland" authorityYear="2024" box="[151,274,1543,1569]" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Nactus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="586" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="simakal" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93CEA1FFF11D10BCA15F9F7" box="[151,274,1543,1569]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="586">N. simakal</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93CEA1FFE9BD104CA7DF9F7" bold="true" box="[285,378,1543,1569]" pageId="9" pageNumber="586">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27457DAF93CEA1FFE9BD104CA7DF9F7" box="[285,378,1543,1569]" pageId="9" pageNumber="586" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
requires conservation assessment. Assuming
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D30F93CEA1FFC0DD10BCF01F9F7" authorityName="Hoskin & Davies & Aland" authorityYear="2024" box="[907,1030,1543,1569]" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Nactus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="586" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="simakal" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93CEA1FFC0DD10BCF01F9F7" box="[907,1030,1543,1569]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="586">N. simakal</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93CEA1FFB97D104CF69F9F7" bold="true" box="[1041,1134,1543,1569]" pageId="9" pageNumber="586">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27457DAF93CEA1FFB97D104CF69F9F7" box="[1041,1134,1543,1569]" pageId="9" pageNumber="586" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is found in all piled rock areas across the island, the extent of potential habitat is approximately
|
||
<quantity id="4CCB9B56F93CEA1FFC3AD128CF0CF993" box="[956,1035,1579,1605]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="9" pageNumber="586" unit="km" value="1.3">1.3 km</quantity>
|
||
<superScript id="7C469BFBF93CEA1FFB8DD128CF14F9EF" attach="left" box="[1035,1043,1579,1593]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="586">2</superScript>
|
||
(or
|
||
<quantity id="4CCB9B56F93CEA1FFBC2D128CF94F993" box="[1092,1171,1579,1605]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="9" pageNumber="586" unit="km" value="1.4">1.4 km</quantity>
|
||
<superScript id="7C469BFBF93CEA1FFB14D128CF9DF9EF" attach="left" box="[1170,1178,1579,1593]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="586">2</superScript>
|
||
as a minimum convex polygon). Density appears to be low, but this may reflect low detection rather than actual low density. Invasive Asian house geckos,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D30F93CEA1FFE0FD170C8C7F95B" authority="Dumeril and Bibron, 1836" authorityName="Dumeril and Bibron" authorityYear="1836" box="[393,960,1651,1677]" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Hemidactylus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="586" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="frenatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93CEA1FFE0FD170C980F95B" box="[393,647,1651,1677]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="586">Hemidactylus frenatus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B42F93CEA1FFD16D170C8C7F95B" author="Dumeril, A. M. C. & Bibron, G." box="[656,960,1651,1677]" pageId="9" pageNumber="586" pagination="43 - 48" refId="ref7405" refString="Dumeril, A. M. C. & Bibron, G. (1836) Erpetologie Generale, ou, Histoire Naturelle Complete des Reptiles, Tome Troisieme. Roret, Paris. iv + 517 + (1) pp., two folding tables, pls. 25 - 28 + 33 + 35 + 43 - 48." type="journal article" year="1836">Duméril and Bibron, 1836</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, could pose a risk to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D30F93CEA1FFB31D177CE36F95B" authorityName="Hoskin & Davies & Aland" authorityYear="2024" box="[1207,1329,1651,1677]" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Nactus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="586" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="simakal" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93CEA1FFB31D177CE36F95B" box="[1207,1329,1651,1677]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="586">N. simakal</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93CEA1FFABCD170CE92F95B" bold="true" box="[1338,1429,1651,1677]" pageId="9" pageNumber="586">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27457DAF93CEA1FFABCD170CE92F95B" box="[1338,1429,1651,1677]" pageId="9" pageNumber="586" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D30F93CEA1FFF11D194CA91F967" authorityName="Dumeril and Bibron" authorityYear="1836" box="[151,406,1687,1713]" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Hemidactylus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="586" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="frenatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93CEA1FFF11D194CA91F967" box="[151,406,1687,1713]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="586">Hemidactylus frenatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was observed on Dauan Island during the survey but was only seen on buildings and in coastal forests. The species was not detected in the piled boulder habitat occupied by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D30F93CEA1FFBD6D1BFCFC0F903" authorityName="Hoskin & Davies & Aland" authorityYear="2024" box="[1104,1223,1723,1749]" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Nactus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="586" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="simakal" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93CEA1FFBD6D1BFCFC0F903" box="[1104,1223,1723,1749]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="586">N. simakal</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93CEA1FFB48D1B8CE20F903" bold="true" box="[1230,1319,1723,1749]" pageId="9" pageNumber="586">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27457DAF93CEA1FFB48D1B8CE20F903" box="[1230,1319,1723,1749]" pageId="9" pageNumber="586" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
; however, this should be monitored through time given invasion of various natural habitats by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D30F93CEA1FFBDBD1E3CFDBF92F" authorityName="Dumeril and Bibron" authorityYear="1836" box="[1117,1244,1759,1785]" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Hemidactylus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="586" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="frenatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93CEA1FFBDBD1E3CFDBF92F" box="[1117,1244,1759,1785]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="586">H. frenatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in other parts of north-east Queensland (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B42F93CEA1FFE22D000C93DF8CB" author="Hoskin, C. J." box="[420,570,1795,1821]" pageId="9" pageNumber="586" pagination="240 - 251" refId="ref7655" refString="Hoskin, C. J. (2011) The invasion and potential impact of the Asian House Gecko (Hemidactylus frenatus) in Australia. Austral Ecology, 36, 240 - 251. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1442 - 9993.2010.02143. x" type="journal article" year="2011">Hoskin 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B42F93CEA1FFDC1D007C827F8CB" author="Barnett, L. K. & Phillips, B. L. & Hoskin, C. J." box="[583,800,1795,1822]" pageId="9" pageNumber="586" pagination="165 - 175" refId="ref6862" refString="Barnett, L. K., Phillips, B. L. & Hoskin, C. J. (2017) Going feral: Time and propagule pressure determine range expansion of Asian house geckos into natural environments. Austral Ecology, 42, 165 - 175. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / aec. 12416" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Barnett
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93CEA1FFD24D007C9D2F8CB" box="[674,725,1795,1821]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="586">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2017
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B42F93CEA1FFCABD000C86DF8CB" author="Barnett, L. K. & Phillips, B. L. & Heath, A. C. G. & Coates, A. & Hoskin, C. J." box="[813,874,1795,1821]" pageId="9" pageNumber="586" pagination="1400 - 1409" refId="ref6924" refString="Barnett, L. K., Phillips, B. L., Heath, A. C. G., Coates, A. & Hoskin, C. J. (2018) The impact of parasites during range expansion of an invasive gecko. Parasitology, 145, 1400 - 1409. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 003118201800015 X" type="journal article" year="2018">2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This invasive species should be recognised as a significant potential threat to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D30F93CEA1FFE60D02BC958F897" authorityName="Hoskin & Davies & Aland" authorityYear="2024" box="[486,607,1831,1857]" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Nactus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="586" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="simakal" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93CEA1FFE60D02BC958F897" box="[486,607,1831,1857]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="586">N. simakal</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93CEA1FFDE1D024C9C5F897" bold="true" box="[615,706,1831,1857]" pageId="9" pageNumber="586">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27457DAF93CEA1FFDE1D024C9C5F897" box="[615,706,1831,1857]" pageId="9" pageNumber="586" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
given the severe declines documented in several
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D30F93CEA1FFB73D02BCE9BF897" box="[1269,1436,1831,1857]" pageId="9" pageNumber="586">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93CEA1FFB73D02BCE44F897" box="[1269,1347,1832,1857]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="586">Nactus</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the Mascarene Islands due to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D30F93CEA1FFD80D04FC983F8B3" authorityName="Dumeril and Bibron" authorityYear="1836" box="[518,644,1867,1893]" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Hemidactylus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="586" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="frenatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93CEA1FFD80D04FC983F8B3" box="[518,644,1867,1893]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="586">H. frenatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
invasion of natural habitats (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B42F93CEA1FFC49D048CF8CF8B0" author="Cole, N. C. & Jones, C. G. & Harris, S." box="[975,1163,1867,1894]" pageId="9" pageNumber="586" pagination="467 - 474" refId="ref7235" refString="Cole, N. C., Jones, C. G. & Harris, S. (2005) The need for enemy-free space: the impact of an invasive gecko on island endemics. Biological Conservervation, 125, 467 - 474. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. biocon. 2005.04.017" type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||
Cole
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93CEA1FFB8BD04FCF41F8B3" box="[1037,1094,1867,1893]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="586">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2005
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Other invasive species also pose a potential threat, including invasive ants. Yellow crazy ant (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D30F93CEA1FFC4CD06CCFCEF85F" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1857" box="[970,1225,1903,1929]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Anoplolepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="586" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93CEA1FFC4CD06CCFCEF85F" box="[970,1225,1903,1929]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="586">Anoplolepis gracilipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) infestations have been shown to impact small lizards in north-east Queensland (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B42F93CEA1FFCCBD090CF01F87B" author="Lach, L. & Case, D. & Yeeles, P. & Hoskin, C. J." box="[845,1030,1939,1965]" pageId="9" pageNumber="586" pagination="739 - 755" refId="ref7911" refString="Lach, L., Case, D., Yeeles, P. & Hoskin, C. J. (2022) Invasive ants reduce abundance of small rainforest skinks. Biodiversity & Conservation, 31, 739 - 755. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10531 - 022 - 02360 - 6" type="journal article" year="2022">
|
||
Lach
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93CEA1FFC08D097C8C1F87B" box="[910,966,1939,1965]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="586">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2022
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and have been implicated in reptile declines on
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3247623F93CEA1FFEA6D0B4CAD9F807" box="[288,478,1975,2001]" name="Christmas Island" pageId="9" pageNumber="586">Christmas Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B42F93CEA1FFE69D0B4C9BCF807" author="Smith, M. J. & Cogger, H. & Tiernan, B. & Maple, D. & Boland, C. & Napier, F. & Detto, T. & Smith, P." box="[495,699,1975,2001]" pageId="9" pageNumber="586" pagination="206 - 218" refId="ref8214" refString="Smith, M. J., Cogger, H., Tiernan, B., Maple, D., Boland, C., Napier, F., Detto, T. & Smith, P. (2012) An oceanic island reptile community under threat: the decline of reptiles on Christmas Island, Indian Ocean. Herpetological Conservation and Biology, 7, 206 - 218." type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Smith
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93CEA1FFDBAD0BBC971F807" box="[572,630,1975,2001]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="586">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D30F93CEA1FFD49D0BBC87BF807" authorityName="Hoskin & Davies & Aland" authorityYear="2024" box="[719,892,1975,2001]" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Nactus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="586" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="simakal" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93CEA1FFD49D0BBC87BF807" box="[719,892,1975,2001]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="586">Nactus simakal</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAA1F93CEA1FFC03D0B4C8E7F807" bold="true" box="[901,992,1975,2001]" pageId="9" pageNumber="586">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27457DAF93CEA1FFC03D0B4C8E7F807" box="[901,992,1975,2001]" pageId="9" pageNumber="586" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is best considered Data Deficient until further data on distribution, abundance and threats are obtained.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |