174 lines
24 KiB
XML
174 lines
24 KiB
XML
<document id="2D0AD1FCEAEB3EC7DD05366E01AB6742" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.190597" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d0517f33-b9e9-4a78-882a-0b100dc3a6a1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="190597" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459886016419" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Pyron, Alexander & Burbrink, Frank T." docDate="2009" docId="03F2AA3FFFE1401323E0F920A19FFCFC" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02241p032.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2241" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Lampropeltis californiae Blainville 1835" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="29" masterDocId="FFCBD247FFE440142377FFBEA17CFF96" masterDocTitle="Systematics of the Common Kingsnake (Lampropeltis getula; Serpentes: Colubridae) and the burden of heritage in taxonomy" masterLastPageNumber="32" masterPageNumber="22" pageNumber="27" updateTime="1698227781581" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="62DA1EFB7D52040F08DAC3CABF26B3F8">Systematics of the Common Kingsnake (Lampropeltis getula; Serpentes: Colubridae) and the burden of heritage in taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="654E0B59CDD3ECA7BC0D01FDF4F6517C" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="4D2F92AD42EF11DF233445F95AE52ABF">Pyron, Alexander</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="12CEC185BE6DAFF9E94F61A0A28D0FE3">Burbrink, Frank T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="368402F43CAD571A4E61D3E8C7E826E3">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="733C4C4EC1DFDC97993E3B673BCADA5E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="4975105EFCB6D9E61FB4D55954C2D684">
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<mods:date id="D734003B714AD55BE654EA0D757585CA">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="458030D31F395A57AB48F3A61CFE94B1">2241</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="AD39164BE67263D4F56157D0D13AD0D7" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.190597</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7F9724402E52E1BD3544AE462812345F" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="F921CB437A56B578C799BA042BAAE12E" type="Zenodo-Dep">190597</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F2AA3FFFE1401323E0F920A19FFCFC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6219716" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119371499" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6219716" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F2AA3FFFE1401323E0F920A19FFCFC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F2AA3FFFE1401323E0F920A19FFCFC" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">
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<subSubSection id="C34148A2FFE1401123E0F920A0EEF894" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE41B29FFE1401123E0F920A3E9F92E" blockId="5.[151,661,1694,1794]" box="[151,661,1694,1720]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">
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<heading id="D0ACAC45FFE1401123E0F920A3E9F92E" bold="true" box="[151,661,1694,1720]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B60AAFFE1401123E0F920A3E9F92E" authority="Blainville 1835" authorityName="Blainville" authorityYear="1835" box="[151,661,1694,1720]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lampropeltis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="californiae">
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<emphasis id="B92FC73BFFE1401123E0F920A3E9F92E" bold="true" box="[151,661,1694,1720]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">
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<emphasis id="B92FC73BFFE1401123E0F920A0BEF92E" bold="true" box="[151,450,1694,1720]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Lampropeltis californiae</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCA66D8FFE1401122A7F920A3F0F92E" author="Blainville, H. D." box="[464,652,1694,1720]" journalOrPublisher="Nouvelles Annales Museum National D'Histoire Naturelle Paris" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" pagination="296" part="4,233" refString="Blainville, H. D. (1835) Description de quelques especes de reptiles de la Californie. Nouvelles Annales Museum National D'Histoire Naturelle Paris, 4,233 - 296." title="Description de quelques especes de reptiles de la Californie" type="book" year="1835">Blainville 1835</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE41B29FFE1401123E0F97FA064F94D" blockId="5.[151,661,1694,1794]" box="[151,280,1729,1755]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">
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(
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<figureCitation id="136007ACFFE1401123E8F97FA072F94D" box="[159,270,1729,1755]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="2.[151,255,1517,1541]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,257,1419,1443]" captionStartId-2="6.[151,256,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox-0="[156,1408,428,1485]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1435,390,1393]" captionTargetBox-2="[167,1436,197,1845]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[151,1436,411,1493]" captionTargetId-1="figure@3.[151,1436,390,1394]" captionTargetId-2="figure@6.[151,1436,197,1845]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="6" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Chronogram showing genetic structure, geographic location, and divergence times of the five species in the Lampropeltis getula complex, from Pyron & Burbrink (2009 c). The dates and depth of the terminal triangles represent the time of the most recent common ancestor of that lineage, while the height of the triangles is proportional to the number of samples in the clade. Dates at nodes represent the mean and 95 % credible interval for that node, while numbers above branches represent Bayesian posterior probability support. Divergence times and support values are from Pyron & Burbrink (2009 c)." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Range map of the five lineages recovered by Pyron & Burbrink (2009 c), corresponding to five distinct species in North America. Note the zones of sympatry between L. californiae and L. splendida, and L. nigra and L. getula." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Primary color pattern variants of five species of the Lampropeltis getula group. Many additional variants occur regionally; these are simply the primary color pattern classes of the five species. See Blaney (1977), Conant & Collins (1998), Stebbins (2003), and Krysko & Judd (2006) for more detailed descriptions of color pattern variation. Photograps of L. getula (R), L. nigra (R), L. holbrooki (L), and L. californiae are compliments S. L. & J. T. Collins, CNAH. The photograph of L. holbrooki (R) is compliments D. B. Shepard, CUNY-CSI." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/190598/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/190599/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/190600/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Figs. 1–3</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE41B29FFE1401123E0F956A0EEF894" blockId="5.[151,661,1694,1794]" box="[151,402,1768,1794]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">California Kingsnake</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34148A2FFE1401123E0F88BA43AF8E0" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BE41B29FFE1401123E0F88BA3DDF8D9" blockId="5.[151,1436,1845,2026]" box="[151,673,1845,1871]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">
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<emphasis id="B92FC73BFFE1401123E0F88BA06EF8D9" bold="true" box="[151,274,1845,1871]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">
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<typeStatus id="54E0A58BFFE1401123E0F88BA072F8D9" box="[151,270,1845,1871]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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</emphasis>
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Unknown, collected by M. Botta.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE41B29FFE1401123B2F8E5A43AF8E0" blockId="5.[151,1436,1845,2026]" box="[197,1350,1883,1910]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">
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<emphasis id="B92FC73BFFE1401123B2F8E5A005F8E3" bold="true" box="[197,377,1883,1909]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">
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<typeStatus id="54E0A58BFFE1401123B2F8E5A07EF8E3" box="[197,258,1883,1909]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Type</typeStatus>
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Locality:
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</emphasis>
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‘California’ (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCA66D8FFE14011216DF8E2A3AAF8E0" author="Blainville, H. D." box="[538,726,1884,1910]" journalOrPublisher="Nouvelles Annales Museum National D'Histoire Naturelle Paris" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" pagination="296" part="4,233" refString="Blainville, H. D. (1835) Description de quelques especes de reptiles de la Californie. Nouvelles Annales Museum National D'Histoire Naturelle Paris, 4,233 - 296." title="Description de quelques especes de reptiles de la Californie" type="book" year="1835">Blainville 1835</bibRefCitation>
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). Restricted to Fresno, California by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCA66D8FFE1401127F0F8E2A43EF8E0" author="Schmidt, K. P." bookContentInfo="280 pp." box="[1159,1346,1884,1910]" journalOrPublisher="University Chicago Press, Chicago, IL" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" refString="Schmidt, K. P. (1953) A check list of North American. amphibians and reptiles. 6 th ed. University Chicago Press, Chicago, IL, 280 pp." title="A check list of North American. amphibians and reptiles. 6 th ed" type="book" year="1953">Schmidt (1953)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34148A2FFE1401123B2F83CA08EF87C" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BE41B29FFE1401123B2F83CA23AF80A" blockId="5.[151,1436,1845,2026]" box="[197,838,1922,1948]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">
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<emphasis id="B92FC73BFFE1401123B2F83CA02AF80A" bold="true" box="[197,342,1922,1948]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Etymology:</emphasis>
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Specific epithet refers to the
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<typeStatus id="54E0A58BFFE1401121D9F83CA39CF80A" box="[686,736,1922,1948]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">type</typeStatus>
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locality.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE41B29FFE1401123B2F816A08EF87C" blockId="5.[151,1436,1845,2026]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">
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<emphasis id="B92FC73BFFE1401123B2F816A02BF854" bold="true" box="[197,343,1960,1986]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Synonymy:</emphasis>
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This species is essentially co-terminous with the previously recognized subspecies
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<emphasis id="B92FC73BFFE140112613F817A062F87F" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">
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L. g.
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B60AAFFE1401123E0F86EA067F87F" box="[151,283,2000,2025]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lampropeltis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="californiae">californiae</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis id="B92FC73BFFE140112228F86EA097F87F" box="[351,491,2000,2025]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">L. g. nigrita</emphasis>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="DF244BA1FFE2401223E0F8F0A545F866" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/190600/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" targetBox="[167,1436,197,1845]" targetPageId="6">
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<paragraph id="8BE41B29FFE2401223E0F8F0A545F866" blockId="6.[151,1437,1870,2032]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">
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<emphasis id="B92FC73BFFE2401223E0F8F0A067F8F0" bold="true" box="[151,283,1870,1894]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
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Primary color pattern variants of five species of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B60AAFFE24012202BF8F1A54AF8F0" box="[860,1078,1871,1894]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lampropeltis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="getula">
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<emphasis id="B92FC73BFFE24012202BF8F1A54AF8F0" box="[860,1078,1871,1894]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Lampropeltis getula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group. Many additional variants occur regionally; these are simply the primary color pattern classes of the five species. See Blaney (1977), Conant & Collins (1998), Stebbins (2003), and Krysko & Judd (2006) for more detailed descriptions of color pattern variation. Photograps of
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B60AAFFE24012224DF809A0E1F858" box="[314,413,1975,1998]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lampropeltis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="getula">
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<emphasis id="B92FC73BFFE24012224DF809A0E1F858" box="[314,413,1975,1998]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">L. getula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(R),
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B60AAFFE2401222AEF809A34FF858" box="[473,563,1975,1998]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lampropeltis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigra">
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<emphasis id="B92FC73BFFE2401222AEF809A34FF858" box="[473,563,1975,1998]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">L. nigra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(R),
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B60AAFFE240122118F809A384F858" box="[623,760,1975,1998]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lampropeltis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="holbrooki">
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<emphasis id="B92FC73BFFE240122118F809A384F858" box="[623,760,1975,1998]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">L. holbrooki</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(L), and
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B60AAFFE240122015F809A286F858" box="[866,1018,1975,1998]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lampropeltis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="californiae">
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<emphasis id="B92FC73BFFE240122015F809A286F858" box="[866,1018,1975,1998]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">L. californiae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are compliments S.L. & J.T. Collins, CNAH. The photograph of
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B60AAFFE2401222CBF867A343F866" box="[444,575,2009,2032]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lampropeltis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="holbrooki">
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<emphasis id="B92FC73BFFE2401222CBF867A343F866" box="[444,575,2009,2032]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">L. holbrooki</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(R) is compliments D.B. Shepard, CUNY-CSI.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="C34148A2FFE3401323B2FF29A19FFCFC" pageId="7" pageNumber="29" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BE41B29FFE3401323B2FF29A19FFCFC" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,874]" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">
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<emphasis id="B92FC73BFFE3401323B2FF29A037FF27" bold="true" box="[197,331,151,177]" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
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The California Kingsnake (
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B60AAFFE3401321D6FF26A23AFF27" box="[673,838,152,177]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lampropeltis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="californiae">
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<emphasis id="B92FC73BFFE3401321D6FF26A23AFF27" box="[673,838,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">L. californiae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) is a medium- to large-bodied constrictor, with a mean adult size range of
|
||
<quantity id="4CA3B6CCFFE3401322B6FF00A33DFF4E" box="[449,577,190,216]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.9" metricValueMax="12.2" metricValueMin="7.6" pageId="7" pageNumber="29" unit="cm" value="99.0" valueMax="122.0" valueMin="76.0">76–122cm</quantity>
|
||
, and a maximum size of ~
|
||
<quantity id="4CA3B6CCFFE34013200EFF00A2B7FF4E" box="[889,971,190,216]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="29" unit="cm" value="200.0">200cm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA66D8FFE3401320ACFF00A5F5FF4E" author="Stebbins, R. C." bookContentInfo="572 pp." box="[987,1161,190,216]" journalOrPublisher="Houghton Mifflin, Boston" pageId="7" pageNumber="29" refString="Stebbins, R. C. (2003) A Field guide to western reptiles and amphibians. 3 rd ed. Houghton Mifflin, Boston, 572 pp." title="A Field guide to western reptiles and amphibians. 3 rd ed" type="book" year="2003">Stebbins 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In both sexes, ventral scale counts range from 213–255, with 46–63 subcaudal scales in males and
|
||
<quantity id="4CA3B6CCFFE34013276CFF5BA5FEFF69" box="[1051,1154,229,255]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2827" metricValueMax="1.4478" metricValueMin="1.1176" pageId="7" pageNumber="29" unit="in" value="50.5" valueMax="57.0" valueMin="44.0">44–57 in</quantity>
|
||
females (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA66D8FFE340132783FF5BA4F3FF69" author="Blaney, R. M." box="[1268,1423,229,255]" journalOrPublisher="Tulane Studies in Zoology and Botany" pageId="7" pageNumber="29" pagination="47 - 104" part="19" refString="Blaney, R. M. (1977) Systematics of the Common Kingsnake, Lampropeltis getulus (Linnaeus). Tulane Studies in Zoology and Botany, 19, 47 - 104." title="Systematics of the Common Kingsnake, Lampropeltis getulus (Linnaeus)" type="journal article" year="1977">Blaney 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Scales are smooth and anal plate single, with 23–25 dorsal scale rows at midbody. The California Kingsnake exhibits one of the broadest ranges of any kingsnake species, occupying most habitats west of the continental divide at the Cochise filter barrier (
|
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<figureCitation id="136007ACFFE340132148FEE7A3F5FEE5" box="[575,649,345,371]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,257,1419,1443]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,390,1393]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,390,1394]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Range map of the five lineages recovered by Pyron & Burbrink (2009 c), corresponding to five distinct species in North America. Note the zones of sympatry between L. californiae and L. splendida, and L. nigra and L. getula." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/190599/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). The species ranges from Oregon in the north, through the Great Basin in Nevada and Utah, east to extreme southwestern Colorado, south through the majority of California, Arizona and the Mexican states of Sonora, Baja California Norte, and Baja Sur (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136007ACFFE3401327F6FE18A5B3FE56" box="[1153,1231,422,448]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,257,1419,1443]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,390,1393]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,390,1394]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Range map of the five lineages recovered by Pyron & Burbrink (2009 c), corresponding to five distinct species in North America. Note the zones of sympatry between L. californiae and L. splendida, and L. nigra and L. getula." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/190599/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). The California Kingsnake can be distinguished from other species on the basis of color pattern, possibly the most distinct of the group. Throughout the majority of their range, California Kingsnakes exhibit a black or dark brown ground color, with 21–44 broad crossbands of white or light yellow, which typically widen laterally. Along the Pacific coast from Los Angeles to San Diego counties, individuals can be found possessing a black or dark brown ground color and a single thin, white dorsal stripe beginning at the neck and continuing to to the tail (
|
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<figureCitation id="136007ACFFE3401323D7FD30A18CFD3E" box="[160,240,654,680]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,256,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[167,1436,197,1845]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,197,1845]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Primary color pattern variants of five species of the Lampropeltis getula group. Many additional variants occur regionally; these are simply the primary color pattern classes of the five species. See Blaney (1977), Conant & Collins (1998), Stebbins (2003), and Krysko & Judd (2006) for more detailed descriptions of color pattern variation. Photograps of L. getula (R), L. nigra (R), L. holbrooki (L), and L. californiae are compliments S. L. & J. T. Collins, CNAH. The photograph of L. holbrooki (R) is compliments D. B. Shepard, CUNY-CSI." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/190600/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Finally, populations in the Mexican states of Sonora and Sinaloa may exhibit considerable ontogenetic darkening, with adults, and occasionally subadults and even juveniles turning jet black, with almost no trace of pattern (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA66D8FFE3401322A0FD62A30FFD60" author="Blaney, R. M." box="[471,627,732,758]" journalOrPublisher="Tulane Studies in Zoology and Botany" pageId="7" pageNumber="29" pagination="47 - 104" part="19" refString="Blaney, R. M. (1977) Systematics of the Common Kingsnake, Lampropeltis getulus (Linnaeus). Tulane Studies in Zoology and Botany, 19, 47 - 104." title="Systematics of the Common Kingsnake, Lampropeltis getulus (Linnaeus)" type="journal article" year="1977">Blaney 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA66D8FFE3401321F7FD62A251FD60" author="Stebbins, R. C." bookContentInfo="572 pp." box="[640,813,732,758]" journalOrPublisher="Houghton Mifflin, Boston" pageId="7" pageNumber="29" refString="Stebbins, R. C. (2003) A Field guide to western reptiles and amphibians. 3 rd ed. Houghton Mifflin, Boston, 572 pp." title="A Field guide to western reptiles and amphibians. 3 rd ed" type="book" year="2003">Stebbins 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). To which species the Sonora populations belong is unclear; while we group them with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B60AAFFE340132141FCBCA3A9FC8D" box="[566,725,770,795]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lampropeltis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="californiae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FC73BFFE340132141FCBCA3A9FC8D" box="[566,725,770,795]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">L. californiae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on the basis of geography, some authors have suggested that they resemble and hybridize with both
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FC73BFFE34013210EFC97A23AFCD4" box="[633,838,809,834]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">L. g. ‘splendida’</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FC73BFFE3401320F4FC97A523FCD4" box="[899,1119,809,834]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">L. g. ‘californiae’</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA66D8FFE340132707FC97A444FCD5" author="Blanchard, F. N." box="[1136,1336,809,835]" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the United States National Museum" pageId="7" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 260" part="114" refString="Blanchard, F. N. (1921) A revision of the king snakes, genus Lampropeltis. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 114, 1 - 260." title="A revision of the king snakes, genus Lampropeltis" type="journal article" year="1921">Blanchard 1921</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA66D8FFE340132631FC97A1AAFCFC" author="Blaney, R. M." journalOrPublisher="Tulane Studies in Zoology and Botany" pageId="7" pageNumber="29" pagination="47 - 104" part="19" refString="Blaney, R. M. (1977) Systematics of the Common Kingsnake, Lampropeltis getulus (Linnaeus). Tulane Studies in Zoology and Botany, 19, 47 - 104." title="Systematics of the Common Kingsnake, Lampropeltis getulus (Linnaeus)" type="journal article" year="1977">Blaney 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |