247 lines
35 KiB
XML
247 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document id="784A8C79DE1422DDC547A8BC1329C58C" ID-CLB-Dataset="188712" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5208.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0121aac5-c21f-46c1-a222-6917ee5e2e6f" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7318962" ID-ZooBank="FDBFF270-AF6B-45ED-9995-BB8D77DD372D" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1668423461443" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hennemann, Frank H., Conle, Oskar V., Valero, Pablo & Nishida, Kenji" docDate="2022" docId="03DA87B1EC112A189C90ABE4C4E13C94" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5208.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5208 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5208.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Pterinoxylini Hennemann, Conle & Perez-Gelabert 2016" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="5" masterDocId="FFE3FFC9EC152A1C9C07AA52C1713A5F" masterDocTitle="Studies on Neotropical Phasmatodea XXV: Revision of Pterinoxylus Serville, 1838, with the descriptions of two new species from Costa Rica. (Phasmatodea: Oriophasmata: Cladomorphinae: Pterinoxylini)" masterLastPageNumber="72" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="5" updateTime="1699411450048" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods id="81CB582C8BD5528BCFE1373F4F3F5109" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="04ADE7D4C1FA5A59FA5C5EE8A27AEEE3">
|
||
<mods:title id="8723FF7F1899AF79CDD57AB7DF1D55CD">Studies on Neotropical Phasmatodea XXV: Revision of Pterinoxylus Serville, 1838, with the descriptions of two new species from Costa Rica. (Phasmatodea: Oriophasmata: Cladomorphinae: Pterinoxylini)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="96BA9978D2FEC6FD351D1D48F76876A1" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="459B45405F2A423D851106835099A40C">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="3E3B0F074893FBB916D86A5167D90B4D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="02EB63FB046B31769F92A84A02655F90">Hennemann, Frank H.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="5D05D904B608FCEB836DD9A21ECB80AE" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="F5C812D88A4063F77C3447B721077563">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="91194F6390C291870DC3F31B3FCD4838">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="68B239FD0ACB2FCC6CFECFF40D6C35B7">Conle, Oskar V.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="B475C4F2FEBC713AB028420212F121AF" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="82F8BC3F806E10AF59CCAFBAD88A7886">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="A37BA69B864C74729188B939625178FF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="88D3532A53902AF3A864BCF81CF961DC">Valero, Pablo</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="BB0A236F782B2B6ED89AD991720B2644" type="ORCID">0000-0002-5471-3458</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="A3B0BA5A272C9FE88AE88903BF9E1AE0" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="3F2E3A8D2CC3812CCDDD47293BCC850B">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="838FA72C1D1CF8A915AE726C6049148C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="1B7F4BDC6DBF4F62CD8BBAE3D6D317BF">Nishida, Kenji</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="6A9849C00B2D2C64BD820158836AA917" type="ORCID">0000-0002-6547-4704</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="AE1C8896A4DF0855CA657CF135862C58" type="email">kenji.nishida@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="73C6544E59F4071A1F425B76BDBB3115">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="8E4DE0ABA912DBB66264D56EA17C372C" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="25BDC5D5866AF5C931E5DC896AF4E151">
|
||
<mods:title id="7FCC49F142D0FB65C65320169F1AD903">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="A2C1F5157F4D7D1143E62081B885064F">
|
||
<mods:date id="03AA7E34C0BCE534F54A700721A5C558">2022</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="06D498E5573CDF4B650C0C2C0D507289" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="37E38D0D358AD6940D0DF09B38E6FDCF">2022-11-14</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="C4F2CAD904A3B7181DA2A17917683463" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="F68CDE953826CF3EB04A7059A14817E1">5208</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="1479413D28658B599406AC5308D6E8CD" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="65A983E93F1FC7C9C3CAC2F5DF8081B6">1</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="BFB13D621447A1AA81A49507CC5E3F9A" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="68ABF284F05B01380372E763D0B2FB3C">1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="E475EB438A2894449855E54B3B4F868F">72</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location id="A489876CFE0A927D303A1F08D824B86B">
|
||
<mods:url id="78052F7EECF4705B391E4CC99D4E5023">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5208.1.1</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification id="07866F3269DD98EED7F862EF136DE1C0">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="9EFB2096DC5C61EB9D563251FB2C8AF0" type="CLB-Dataset">188712</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="0594CFC54785B0ABF821E4233E2A67EA" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5208.1.1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="2A62A89E745D31FFD32C1E8B0DBD9EDF" type="GBIF-Dataset">0121aac5-c21f-46c1-a222-6917ee5e2e6f</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="FA60511D57749A02FC5B840D2E395FB0" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="CAF00C21A9791C632E9A8D50D1B46504" type="Zenodo-Dep">7318962</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="620061BB12DC30B8DA0071F611765B00" type="ZooBank">FDBFF270-AF6B-45ED-9995-BB8D77DD372D</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="03DA87B1EC112A189C90ABE4C4E13C94" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7330649" ID-GBIF-Taxon="205078437" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7330649" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DA87B1EC112A189C90ABE4C4E13C94" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DA87B1EC112A189C90ABE4C4E13C94" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C369652CEC112A189C90ABE4C2C33B8F" box="[151,946,438,465]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC36A7EC112A189C90ABE4C2C33B8F" blockId="4.[151,946,438,465]" box="[151,946,438,465]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<heading id="D08481CBEC112A189C90ABE4C2C33B8F" bold="true" box="[151,946,438,465]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB5EC112A189C90ABE4C2C33B8F" bold="true" box="[151,946,438,465]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
Tribe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D24EC112A189CE5ABE4C2C33B8F" ID-CoL="8QQM5" authority="Hennemann, Conle & Perez" authorityName="Hennemann, Conle & Perez-Gelabert" authorityYear="2016" box="[226,946,438,465]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Pterinoxylini">Pterinoxylini Hennemann, Conle & Perez–Gelabert, 2016</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C369652CEC112A189C90ABADC3D73846" box="[151,678,511,537]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="type_taxon">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC36A7EC112A189C90ABADC3D73846" blockId="4.[151,678,511,537]" box="[151,678,511,537]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB5EC112A189C90ABADC05F3846" bold="true" box="[151,302,511,537]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C88805EC112A189C90ABADC1A53846" box="[151,212,511,537]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
–genus:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D24EC112A189D32ABADC3D33846" ID-CoL="8NYCT" authority="Serville, 1838: 226" authorityName="Serville" authorityPageNumber="226" authorityYear="1838" box="[309,674,511,537]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Pterinoxylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB5EC112A189D32ABADC0B23846" box="[309,451,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Pterinoxylus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B56EC112A189DCEABADC3D33846" author="Serville, J. G." box="[457,674,511,537]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" refId="ref44276" refString="Serville, J. G. (1838) Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Orthopteres. Librarie Encyclopedique de Roret, Paris, 18, 776 pp." type="book" year="1838">Serville, 1838: 226</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C369652CEC112A189C90A811C2ED38E8" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC36A7EC112A189C90A811C2413804" blockId="4.[151,924,579,695]" box="[151,816,579,603]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB631189EC112A189C90A811C2413804" box="[151,816,579,603]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AD210B6EC112A189C90A811C2753804" author="Hennemann, F. H. & Conle, O. V. & Perez-Gelabert, D." box="[151,772,579,603]" page="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" year="2016">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D24EC112A189C90A811C2753804" ID-CoL="8QQM5" authority="Hennemann, Conle & Perez-Gelabert, 2016: 11" authorityName="Hennemann, Conle & Perez-Gelabert" authorityYear="2016" box="[151,772,579,603]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Pterinoxylini">
|
||
Pterinoxylini
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B56EC112A189D25A816C2753804" author="Hennemann, F. H. & Conle, O. V. & Perez-Gelabert, D." box="[290,772,579,603]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 211" refId="ref43437" refString="Hennemann, F. H., Conle, O. V. & Perez-Gelabert, D. (2016) Studies on Neotropical Phasmatodea XVI: Revision of Haplopodini Gunther, 1953 (rev. Stat.), with notes on the subfamily Cladomorphinae Bradley & Galil, 1977 and the descriptions of a new tribe, four new genera and nine new species (Phasmatodea: " Anareolatae ": Phasmatidae: Cladomorphinae). Zootaxa, 4128 (1), 1 - 211. http: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4128.1.1" type="journal article" year="2016">Hennemann, Conle & Perez-Gelabert, 2016: 11</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 28.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC36A7EC112A189C90A830C3303825" blockId="4.[151,924,579,695]" box="[151,577,610,634]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB631189EC112A189C90A830C3303825" box="[151,577,610,634]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D24EC112A189C90A830C0903825" ID-CoL="8Q72S" authority="Gunther, 1953: 557" authorityName="Gunther" authorityPageNumber="557" authorityYear="1953" box="[151,481,610,634]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Haplopodini">
|
||
Haplopodini
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AD210B6EC112A189D1BA830C0903825" author="Gunther, K." box="[284,481,610,634]" page="557" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" year="1953">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B56EC112A189D1BA830C0903825" author="Gunther, K." box="[284,481,610,634]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="541 - 563" refId="ref43218" refString="Gunther, K. (1953) Uber die taxonomische Gliederung und die geographische Verbreitung der Insektenordnung der Phasmatodea. Beitrage zur Entomologie, Berlin, 3, 541 - 563." type="journal article" year="1953">Günther, 1953: 557</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(in part).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC36A7EC112A189C90A8D2C3A638C6" blockId="4.[151,924,579,695]" box="[151,727,640,665]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB631189EC112A189C90A8D2C3A638C6" box="[151,727,640,665]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AD210B6EC112A189C90A8D2C30638C6" author="Bradley, J. C. & Galil, B. S." box="[151,631,640,665]" page="188" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" year="1977">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D24EC112A189C90A8D2C30638C6" ID-CoL="8Q72T" authority="Bradley & Galil, 1977: 188" authorityName="Bradley & Galil" authorityPageNumber="188" authorityYear="1977" box="[151,631,640,665]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Hesperophasmatini">
|
||
Hesperophasmatini
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B56EC112A189D66A8D2C30638C6" author="Bradley, J. C. & Galil, B. S." box="[353,631,640,665]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="176 - 208" refId="ref42534" refString="Bradley, J. C. & Galil, B. S. (1977) The taxonomic arrangement of the Phasmatodea with keys to the subfamilies and tribes. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 79 (2), 176 - 208." type="journal article" year="1977">Bradley & Galil, 1977: 188</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in part).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC36A7EC112A189C90A8CDC2ED38E8" blockId="4.[151,924,579,695]" box="[151,924,671,695]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
Phibalosomini (Sectio V: Phibalosomata)
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B56EC112A189E38A8CDC24D38E8" author="Redtenbacher, J." box="[575,828,671,695]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="341 - 589" refId="ref44010" refString="Redtenbacher, J. (1908) Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden. III. Phasmidae Anareolatae (Phibalosomini, Acrophyllini, Necrosciini). Verlag Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, pp. 341 - 589, pls. 16 - 27." type="book chapter" year="1908">Redtenbacher, 1908: 399</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(in part).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C369652CEC112A189C90A8B7C4E13C94" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC36A7EC112A189C90A8B7C0463E8C" blockId="4.[151,1437,741,1740]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
The tribe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D24EC112A189CFBA8B7C0FF38A0" authorityName="Hennemann, Conle & Perez-Gelabert" authorityYear="2016" box="[252,398,741,767]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Pterinoxylini">Pterinoxylini</taxonomicName>
|
||
was established by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B56EC112A189E5AA8B4C2FF38A0" author="Hennemann, F. H. & Conle, O. V. & Perez-Gelabert, D." box="[605,910,741,768]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 211" refId="ref43437" refString="Hennemann, F. H., Conle, O. V. & Perez-Gelabert, D. (2016) Studies on Neotropical Phasmatodea XVI: Revision of Haplopodini Gunther, 1953 (rev. Stat.), with notes on the subfamily Cladomorphinae Bradley & Galil, 1977 and the descriptions of a new tribe, four new genera and nine new species (Phasmatodea: " Anareolatae ": Phasmatidae: Cladomorphinae). Zootaxa, 4128 (1), 1 - 211. http: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4128.1.1" type="journal article" year="2016">Hennemann et al.(2016:28)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
to contain solely the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D24EC112A1898A9A8B7C1A3397C" authority="Serville, 1838" authorityName="Serville" authorityYear="1838" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Pterinoxylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB5EC112A1898A9A8B7C44D38A0" box="[1198,1340,741,767]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Pterinoxylus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B56EC112A189939A8B7C1A3397C" author="Serville, J. G." pageId="4" pageNumber="5" refId="ref44276" refString="Serville, J. G. (1838) Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Orthopteres. Librarie Encyclopedique de Roret, Paris, 18, 776 pp." type="book" year="1838">Serville, 1838</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. These authors have presented a detailed description, a slightly adapted version of which is here reproduced as the generic description. While the presence of sensory areas on the probasisternum and profurcasternum are shared with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D24EC112A189CD7A903C0D93934" authorityName="Bradley & Galil" authorityYear="1977" box="[208,424,849,875]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Hesperophasmatini">Hesperophasmatini</taxonomicName>
|
||
and support a sister-group relationship with this tribe, the presence of a stridulatory organ in the basal portion of the costal region of the alae is an autapomorphy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D24EC112A189FDBA927C50339D0" authorityName="Hennemann, Conle & Perez-Gelabert" authorityYear="2016" box="[988,1138,885,911]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Pterinoxylini">Pterinoxylini</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Moreover, the anal fan of the alae in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D24EC112A189D13A9CBC0D739EC" authorityName="Hennemann, Conle & Perez-Gelabert" authorityYear="2016" box="[276,422,921,947]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Pterinoxylini">Pterinoxylini</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a convex contour with the outer margin arched downwards when the wing is opened. Another autapomorphy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D24EC112A189DCBA9EFC32F3988" authorityName="Hennemann, Conle & Perez-Gelabert" authorityYear="2016" box="[460,606,957,983]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Pterinoxylini">Pterinoxylini</taxonomicName>
|
||
is represented bv the morphology of the eggs, which are characteristic for the elongate, alveolar capsule that has a peripheral polar excrescence and an operculum that bears a huge, hollow peripheral or crest-like excrescence on the outer margin. Furthermore,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D24EC112A189801AE57C5E93E40" authorityName="Hennemann, Conle & Perez-Gelabert" authorityYear="2016" box="[1030,1176,1029,1055]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Pterinoxylini">Pterinoxylini</taxonomicName>
|
||
have a well-developed gula, which is reduced in members of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D24EC112A189E56AE7BC25C3E1C" authorityName="Bradley & Galil" authorityYear="1977" box="[593,813,1065,1091]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Hesperophasmatini">Hesperophasmatini</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Thus, based exclusively on morphological characters,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B56EC112A189C90AE1CC0C03E38" author="Hennemann, F. H. & Conle, O. V. & Perez-Gelabert, D." box="[151,433,1101,1128]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 211" refId="ref43437" refString="Hennemann, F. H., Conle, O. V. & Perez-Gelabert, D. (2016) Studies on Neotropical Phasmatodea XVI: Revision of Haplopodini Gunther, 1953 (rev. Stat.), with notes on the subfamily Cladomorphinae Bradley & Galil, 1977 and the descriptions of a new tribe, four new genera and nine new species (Phasmatodea: " Anareolatae ": Phasmatidae: Cladomorphinae). Zootaxa, 4128 (1), 1 - 211. http: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4128.1.1" type="journal article" year="2016">Hennemann et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
were prompted to introduce an individual tribe for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D24EC112A189FFDAE1FC5F93E38" authorityName="Serville" authorityYear="1838" box="[1018,1160,1101,1127]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Pterinoxylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB5EC112A189FFDAE1FC5F93E38" box="[1018,1160,1101,1127]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Pterinoxylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, suggested that the tribe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D24EC112A189C90AE23C0523ED4" authorityName="Günther" authorityYear="1953" box="[151,291,1137,1163]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Haplopodini">Haplopodini</taxonomicName>
|
||
might possibly be the sister-group of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D24EC112A189ED4AE23C2143ED4" authorityName="Hennemann, Conle & Perez-Gelabert" authorityYear="2016" box="[723,869,1137,1163]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Pterinoxylini">Pterinoxylini</taxonomicName>
|
||
+
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D24EC112A189F82AE23C52C3ED4" authorityName="Bradley & Galil" authorityYear="1977" box="[901,1117,1137,1163]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Hesperophasmatini">Hesperophasmatini</taxonomicName>
|
||
and hypothesized that these three tribes form a separate lineage within the subfamily
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D24EC112A189F1EAEC7C2A53EF0" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1835" box="[793,980,1173,1199]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Cladomorphinae">Cladomorphinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB5EC112A189FDCAEC4C53C3EF0" box="[987,1101,1173,1199]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">sensu lato</emphasis>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B56EC112A18988FAEC4C1B23E8C" author="Hennemann, F. H. & Conle, O. V. & Perez-Gelabert, D." pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 211" refId="ref43437" refString="Hennemann, F. H., Conle, O. V. & Perez-Gelabert, D. (2016) Studies on Neotropical Phasmatodea XVI: Revision of Haplopodini Gunther, 1953 (rev. Stat.), with notes on the subfamily Cladomorphinae Bradley & Galil, 1977 and the descriptions of a new tribe, four new genera and nine new species (Phasmatodea: " Anareolatae ": Phasmatidae: Cladomorphinae). Zootaxa, 4128 (1), 1 - 211. http: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4128.1.1" type="journal article" year="2016">Hennemann et al., 2016: 181</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 409).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC36A7EC112A189CC0AE8FC4E13C94" blockId="4.[151,1437,741,1740]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
The monophyly of this clade that comprises the aforementioned taxa was supported by a molecular approach by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B56EC112A189CBBAF53C0EB3F44" author="Simon, S. & Letsch, H. & Bank, S. & Buckley, T. R. & Donath, A. & Liu, S. & Machida, R. & Meusemann, K. & Misof, B. & Podsiadlowski, L. & Zhou, X. & Wipfler, B. & Bradler S." box="[188,410,1281,1308]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 13" refId="ref44381" refString="Simon, S., Letsch, H., Bank, S., Buckley, T. R., Donath, A., Liu, S., Machida, R., Meusemann, K., Misof, B., Podsiadlowski, L., Zhou, X., Wipfler, B. & Bradler S. (2019) Old World and New World Phasmatodea: Phylogenomics Resolve the Evolutionary History of Stick and leaf Insects. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 7 (345), 1 - 13. https: // doi. org / 10.3389 / fevo. 2019.00345" type="journal article" year="2019">Simon et al. (2019)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, which beyond that showed this Neotropical clade not to belong to the exceptionally New World Occidophasmata but to the Old World Oriophasmata. This result is in concordance with two recent and more comprehensive molecular approaches by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B56EC112A189E75AF1BC20E3F3C" author="Bank, S. & Bradler, S." box="[626,895,1353,1379]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 17" refId="ref42359" refString="Bank, S. & Bradler, S. (2022) A second view on the evolution of flight in stick and leaf insects (Phasmatodea). BMC Ecology and Evolution, 22 (62), 1 - 17. https: // doi. org / 10.1101 / 2021.10.12.464101" type="journal article" year="2022">Bank & Bradler (2022)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B56EC112A189FBDAF1BC5E03F3C" author="Forni, G. & Martelossi, J. & Valero, P. & Hennemann, F. H. & Conle, O. & Luchetti, A. & Mantovani, B." box="[954,1169,1353,1380]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref43140" refString="Forni, G., Martelossi, J., Valero, P., Hennemann, F. H., Conle, O., Luchetti, A. & Mantovani, B. (2022) Macroevolutionary analyses provide new evidence of phasmid wing evolution as a reversal process. Systematic Biology, 2022; syac 038, 1 - 16. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / sysbio / syac 038" type="journal article" year="2022">Forni et al. (2022)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, which both render the clade as monophyletic and as a lineage of Old World
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D24EC112A189EF0AF3FC2FE3FD8" box="[759,911,1389,1415]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmatodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Phasmatodea</taxonomicName>
|
||
. There are however discrepancies between the morphological approach by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B56EC112A189DD2AFC0C3803FF4" author="Hennemann, F. H. & Conle, O. V. & Perez-Gelabert, D." box="[469,753,1425,1452]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 211" refId="ref43437" refString="Hennemann, F. H., Conle, O. V. & Perez-Gelabert, D. (2016) Studies on Neotropical Phasmatodea XVI: Revision of Haplopodini Gunther, 1953 (rev. Stat.), with notes on the subfamily Cladomorphinae Bradley & Galil, 1977 and the descriptions of a new tribe, four new genera and nine new species (Phasmatodea: " Anareolatae ": Phasmatidae: Cladomorphinae). Zootaxa, 4128 (1), 1 - 211. http: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4128.1.1" type="journal article" year="2016">Hennemann et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, which places
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D24EC112A189F9FAFC3C5553FF4" authorityName="Günther" authorityYear="1953" box="[920,1060,1425,1451]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Haplopodini">Haplopodini</taxonomicName>
|
||
as sister to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D24EC112A1898ABAFC3C4F53FF4" authorityName="Bradley & Galil" authorityYear="1977" box="[1196,1412,1425,1451]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Hesperophasmatini">Hesperophasmatini</taxonomicName>
|
||
+
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D24EC112A189C90AFE7C05D3F90" authorityName="Hennemann, Conle & Perez-Gelabert" authorityYear="2016" box="[151,300,1461,1487]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Pterinoxylini">Pterinoxylini</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and subsequent molecular approaches.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B56EC112A189EF3AFE7C28C3F90" author="Bank, S. & Bradler, S." box="[756,1021,1461,1487]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 17" refId="ref42359" refString="Bank, S. & Bradler, S. (2022) A second view on the evolution of flight in stick and leaf insects (Phasmatodea). BMC Ecology and Evolution, 22 (62), 1 - 17. https: // doi. org / 10.1101 / 2021.10.12.464101" type="journal article" year="2022">Bank & Bradler (2022)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B56EC112A189831AFE7C4763F90" author="Forni, G. & Martelossi, J. & Valero, P. & Hennemann, F. H. & Conle, O. & Luchetti, A. & Mantovani, B." box="[1078,1287,1461,1488]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref43140" refString="Forni, G., Martelossi, J., Valero, P., Hennemann, F. H., Conle, O., Luchetti, A. & Mantovani, B. (2022) Macroevolutionary analyses provide new evidence of phasmid wing evolution as a reversal process. Systematic Biology, 2022; syac 038, 1 - 16. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / sysbio / syac 038" type="journal article" year="2022">Forni et al. (2022)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
agree in that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D24EC112A189C90AF8BC0543FAC" authorityName="Serville" authorityYear="1838" box="[151,293,1497,1523]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Pterinoxylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB5EC112A189C90AF8BC0543FAC" box="[151,293,1497,1523]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Pterinoxylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
forms a well-supported clade together with two Central American genera of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D24EC112A189897AF8BC4193FAC" authorityName="Bradley & Galil" authorityYear="1977" box="[1168,1384,1497,1523]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Hesperophasmatini">Hesperophasmatini</taxonomicName>
|
||
(i.e.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D24EC112A189C90AFAFC37E3C48" authority="Redtenbacher, 1908" authorityName="Redtenbacher" authorityYear="1908" box="[151,527,1533,1559]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Rhynchacris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB5EC112A189C90AFAFC0523C48" box="[151,291,1533,1559]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Rhynchacris</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B56EC112A189D2AAFAFC37E3C48" author="Redtenbacher, J." box="[301,527,1533,1559]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="341 - 589" refId="ref44010" refString="Redtenbacher, J. (1908) Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden. III. Phasmidae Anareolatae (Phibalosomini, Acrophyllini, Necrosciini). Verlag Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, pp. 341 - 589, pls. 16 - 27." type="book chapter" year="1908">Redtenbacher, 1908</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D24EC112A189E4CAFACC2CD3C48" authority="Redtenbacher, 1908" authorityName="Redtenbacher" authorityYear="1908" box="[587,956,1533,1559]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Hypocyrtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB5EC112A189E4CAFACC3BD3C48" box="[587,716,1534,1559]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Hypocyrtus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B56EC112A189ED1AFAFC2CD3C48" author="Redtenbacher, J." box="[726,956,1533,1559]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="341 - 589" refId="ref44010" refString="Redtenbacher, J. (1908) Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden. III. Phasmidae Anareolatae (Phibalosomini, Acrophyllini, Necrosciini). Verlag Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, pp. 341 - 589, pls. 16 - 27." type="book chapter" year="1908">Redtenbacher, 1908</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), but in both trees
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D24EC112A18989DAFAFC4593C48" authorityName="Serville" authorityYear="1838" box="[1178,1320,1533,1559]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Pterinoxylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB5EC112A18989DAFAFC4593C48" box="[1178,1320,1533,1559]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Pterinoxylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
results as nested within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D24EC112A189D35AC73C37B3C64" authorityName="Bradley & Galil" authorityYear="1977" box="[306,522,1569,1595]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Hesperophasmatini">Hesperophasmatini</taxonomicName>
|
||
and not as sister to the all sampled Hesperophasmatini-genera. Although basically in accordance, the topologies between these two molecular studies slightly differ from each other: (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D24EC112A189904AC14C4F53C00" authorityName="Redtenbacher" authorityYear="1908" box="[1283,1412,1606,1631]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Hypocyrtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB5EC112A189904AC14C4F53C00" box="[1283,1412,1606,1631]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Hypocyrtus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
+
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D24EC112A189C90AC3BC0523CDC" authorityName="Redtenbacher" authorityYear="1908" box="[151,291,1641,1667]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Rhynchacris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB5EC112A189C90AC3BC0523CDC" box="[151,291,1641,1667]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Rhynchacris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) +
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D24EC112A189D4CAC3BC0A83CDC" authorityName="Serville" authorityYear="1838" box="[331,473,1641,1667]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Pterinoxylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB5EC112A189D4CAC3BC0A83CDC" box="[331,473,1641,1667]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Pterinoxylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B56EC112A189E73AC3BC20B3CDC" author="Bank, S. & Bradler, S." box="[628,890,1641,1667]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 17" refId="ref42359" refString="Bank, S. & Bradler, S. (2022) A second view on the evolution of flight in stick and leaf insects (Phasmatodea). BMC Ecology and Evolution, 22 (62), 1 - 17. https: // doi. org / 10.1101 / 2021.10.12.464101" type="journal article" year="2022">Bank & Bradler (2022)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D24EC112A189FB6AC38C5433CDC" authorityName="Redtenbacher" authorityYear="1908" box="[945,1074,1642,1667]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Hypocyrtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB5EC112A189FB6AC38C5433CDC" box="[945,1074,1642,1667]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Hypocyrtus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
+ (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D24EC112A18985CAC3BC5963CDC" authorityName="Redtenbacher" authorityYear="1908" box="[1115,1255,1641,1667]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Rhynchacris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB5EC112A18985CAC3BC5963CDC" box="[1115,1255,1641,1667]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Rhynchacris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
+
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D24EC112A189902AC3BC4E23CDC" authorityName="Serville" authorityYear="1838" box="[1285,1427,1641,1667]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Pterinoxylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB5EC112A189902AC3BC4E23CDC" box="[1285,1427,1641,1667]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Pterinoxylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B56EC112A189D2EACDFC0863CF8" author="Forni, G. & Martelossi, J. & Valero, P. & Hennemann, F. H. & Conle, O. & Luchetti, A. & Mantovani, B." box="[297,503,1677,1704]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref43140" refString="Forni, G., Martelossi, J., Valero, P., Hennemann, F. H., Conle, O., Luchetti, A. & Mantovani, B. (2022) Macroevolutionary analyses provide new evidence of phasmid wing evolution as a reversal process. Systematic Biology, 2022; syac 038, 1 - 16. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / sysbio / syac 038" type="journal article" year="2022">Forni et al. (2022)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. These and other discrepancies between the results of morphological and molecular approaches certainly deserve more detailed evaluation and should be explicitly addressed by forthcoming studies.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |