266 lines
36 KiB
XML
266 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document id="4C0255D901B3E2E02669A9C47623448E" ID-CLB-Dataset="45975" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3790.1.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c7663905-b87e-40e6-a2d7-b8e3a1819299" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="252378" ID-ZooBank="45DFDC6F-6B3B-4706-B19E-F3661852CC99" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460410258542" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Michelsen, Verner" docDate="2014" docId="03FC87FACB33AB7AFF36FD5C18FD6FCD" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03790p102.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3790 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Chirosiomima Hennig 1966" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="88" masterDocId="FFC5FF82CB32AB78FFA1FF9E1C666B0A" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic assessment of Chirosiomima Hennig (Diptera: Anthomyiidae), with proposal of a new genus for Hylemyia curtigena Ringdahl" masterLastPageNumber="102" masterPageNumber="86" pageNumber="87" updateTime="1698300401450" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="D609AF56E6E37400A424F49FF9C081BE">Taxonomic assessment of Chirosiomima Hennig (Diptera: Anthomyiidae), with proposal of a new genus for Hylemyia curtigena Ringdahl</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="124FE6C3CC25E31002DD4E7C307D0AA9">Michelsen, Verner</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="542354174CFFF62B245CD80806210E67">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="B4C3D5FCCCD93FE4A05A1974260F93CE">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="5F0950E9939A59B40762D6035E601744" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="C5B71786696BC1D4C6D5862AB3BB94E4">3790</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="69CC8C82EC627724A222F09AFE770DC6" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3790.1.4</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03FC87FACB33AB7AFF36FD5C18FD6FCD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6126220" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119423206" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6126220" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FC87FACB33AB7AFF36FD5C18FD6FCD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FC87FACB33AB7AFF36FD5C18FD6FCD" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="88" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">
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<subSubSection id="C34F6567CB33AB79FF36FD5C1D9469F4" pageId="1" pageNumber="87" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BEA36ECCB33AB79FF36FD5C1E2069D6" blockId="1.[151,582,706,766]" box="[151,582,706,732]" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">
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<heading id="D0A28180CB33AB79FF36FD5C1E2069D6" bold="true" box="[151,582,706,732]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="87" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B921EAFECB33AB79FF36FD5C1E2069D6" bold="true" box="[151,582,706,732]" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C554D6FCB33AB79FF4FFD5C1E2069D6" ID-CoL="3NCZ" authority="Hennig, 1966" authorityName="Hennig" authorityYear="1966" box="[238,582,706,732]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Chirosiomima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B921EAFECB33AB79FF4FFD5C1DFD69D6" bold="true" box="[238,411,706,732]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">Chirosiomima</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC44B1DCB33AB79FE03FD5C1E2069D6" author="Hennig" box="[418,582,706,732]" pageId="1" pageNumber="87" refString="Hennig, W. (1966) Anthomyiidae [part]. In: Lindner, E. (Ed.), Die Fliegen der palaearktischen Region, 7 (1), pp. 1 - 48." type="journal article" year="1966">Hennig, 1966</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEA36ECCB33AB79FF36FD7B1D9469F4" blockId="1.[151,582,706,766]" box="[151,498,741,766]" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">
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(
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<figureCitation id="136E2A69CB33AB79FF3EFD7B1D6C69F4" box="[159,266,741,766]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 3" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1962,1985]" captionTargetBox="[197,1383,241,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[184,1401,193,1938]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 3. Chirosiomima spp. 1. C. gestroi, male from Tunisia, habitus. 2. Same, labella. 3. C. obscurinervis, female from Iran, habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm (1, 3); 0.1 mm (2)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252379/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">Figs. 1–3</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="136E2A69CB33AB79FEB7FD781D2569F4" box="[278,323,742,766]" captionStart="FIGURES 4 – 9" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1663,1686]" captionTargetBox="[194,1373,213,1633]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1642]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 4 – 9. Chirosiomima gestroi, male from Tunisia. 4. Sternites IV and V. 5 – 7. Hypopygium in posterior, posterolateral and lateral views. 8. Hypandrium, pregonites, left postgonite and vertical sclerite, anterolateral view. 9. Phallus, lateral view, and ejaculatory pump. Scale bar: 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252380/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">4–9</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="136E2A69CB33AB79FEEFFD781DF169F4" box="[334,407,742,766]" captionStart="FIGURES 10 – 12" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1932,1955]" captionTargetBox="[176,1380,202,1871]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[170,1406,193,1899]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 10 – 12. Chirosiomima spp. 10. C. obscurinervis, male from Iran, sternites IV and V. 11. C. obscurinervis, lectotype male from Ghana, hypopygium, posterolateral view. 12. C. gestroi, female from Tunisia, oviscapt, flat mount (s = sternite; sp = spiracle; t = tergite). Scale bars: 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252381/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">10–12</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="136E2A69CB33AB79FE03FD781D8F69F4" box="[418,489,742,766]" captionStart="FIGURES 13, 14" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1910,1933]" captionTargetBox="[161,1376,283,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1889]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 13, 14. Chirosiomima spp., oviscapt, lateral view. 13. C. gestroi, female from Tunisia (s = sternite; sp = spiracle; t = tergite). 14. C. obscurinervis, female from Iran (arrow: hump on sternite VI). Scale bar: 0.25." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252382/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">13, 14</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34F6567CB33AB79FF36FCB918C86851" pageId="1" pageNumber="87" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BEA36ECCB33AB79FF36FCB918C86851" blockId="1.[151,1436,806,859]" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4511C2CB33AB79FF36FCB918C86851" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">
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<taxonomicName id="4C554D6FCB33AB79FF36FCB91DBB6836" ID-CoL="3NCZ" authority="Hennig 1966: 29" authorityName="Hennig" authorityPageNumber="29" authorityYear="1966" box="[151,477,806,828]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Chirosiomima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B921EAFECB33AB79FF36FCB91D416836" box="[151,295,807,828]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">Chirosiomima</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF410FDCB33AB79FE8FFCB81DBB6836" author="Hennig" box="[302,477,806,828]" page="29" pageId="1" pageNumber="87" year="1966">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC44B1DCB33AB79FE8FFCB81DD06836" author="Hennig" box="[302,438,806,828]" pageId="1" pageNumber="87" refString="Hennig, W. (1966) Anthomyiidae [part]. In: Lindner, E. (Ed.), Die Fliegen der palaearktischen Region, 7 (1), pp. 1 - 48." type="journal article" year="1966">Hennig 1966</bibRefCitation>
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: 29
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<typeStatus id="54EE884ECB33AB79FE49FCB91E7C6836" box="[488,538,807,828]" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">Type</typeStatus>
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species now fixed (under Article 70.3 of the Code) as
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<taxonomicName id="4C554D6FCB33AB79FBF1FCB91C9A6851" authority="Emden, 1941" authorityName="Emden" authorityYear="1941" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Pegomyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscurinervis">
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<emphasis id="B921EAFECB33AB79FBF1FCB919216836" box="[1104,1351,807,828]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">Pegomyia obscurinervis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC44B1DCB33AB79FAEFFCB81C9A6851" author="Emden" pageId="1" pageNumber="87" refString="Emden, F. I. van (1941) Keys to the Muscidae of the Ethiopian Region: Scatophaginae, Anthomyiinae, Lispinae, Fanniinae. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 32, 251 - 275. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0007485300017193" type="journal article" year="1941">Emden, 1941</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, misidentified as
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<taxonomicName id="4C554D6FCB33AB79FE0CFCDB1EBB6851" authority="Seguy, 1930" authorityName="Seguy" authorityYear="1930" box="[429,733,837,859]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Hylemyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gestroi">
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<emphasis id="B921EAFECB33AB79FE0CFCDB1E3C6851" box="[429,602,837,859]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">Hylemyia gestroi</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC44B1DCB33AB79FDC1FCDB1EBB6851" author="Seguy" box="[608,733,837,859]" pageId="1" pageNumber="87" refString="Seguy, E. (1930) Risultati zoologici della Missione inviata dalla R. Societa Geografica Italiana per l'esplorazione dell' oasi di Giarabub (1926 - 1927). Insectes dipteres. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Giacomo Doria, 55, 75 - 93." type="journal article" year="1930">
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Séguy,
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<quantity id="4CAD9B09CB33AB79FD0BFCDB1EBB6851" box="[682,733,837,859]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9022" pageId="1" pageNumber="87" unit="in" value="1930.0">1930</quantity>
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</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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in the original designation by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC44B1DCB33AB79FBB3FCDB18CC6851" author="Hennig" box="[1042,1194,837,859]" pageId="1" pageNumber="87" refString="Hennig, W. (1966) Anthomyiidae [part]. In: Lindner, E. (Ed.), Die Fliegen der palaearktischen Region, 7 (1), pp. 1 - 48." type="journal article" year="1966">Hennig (1966)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34F6567CB33AB7AFF36FC1F1F4B6F75" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="88" pageId="1" pageNumber="87" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BEA36ECCB33AB79FF36FC1F1F916890" blockId="1.[151,1437,897,2038]" box="[151,1015,897,922]" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">
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<emphasis id="B921EAFECB33AB79FF36FC1F1D4F6890" bold="true" box="[151,297,897,922]" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">Description.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B921EAFECB33AB79FE8EFC1C1D026893" box="[303,356,898,921]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">Size.</emphasis>
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Very small to small anthomyiids; wing length 2.5–4.5mm.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEA36ECCB33AB79FF66FC3B19586F78" blockId="1.[151,1437,897,2038]" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">
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<emphasis id="B921EAFECB33AB79FF66FC3B1D7D68B7" box="[199,283,933,957]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">Colour.</emphasis>
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Ground colour of head, body and appendages very variable, ranging from specimens with extensively ochre yellow head, body and appendages (except for a round, brown or blackish mark on upper part of parafacials), to specimens with wholly darkened body, posterior part of head, distal part of postpedicel and fore femur. Head, prementum and body covered in pale grey dusting revealing no darker pattern on dorsum of thorax and abdomen except for a pair of vague brown dorsocentral stripes on scutum. Calypteres white, halter ochre yellow. Wing slightly tinged with ochre brown, sometimes narrowly brownish infuscated at cross-veins r–m and dm–cu.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEA36ECCB33AB79FF66FBE318D36E98" blockId="1.[151,1437,897,2038]" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">
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<emphasis id="B921EAFECB33AB79FF66FBE31D6E6F9F" box="[199,264,1149,1173]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">Male.</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="136E2A69CB33AB79FEB8FBE31D3A6F9C" box="[281,348,1149,1174]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 3" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1962,1985]" captionTargetBox="[197,1383,241,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[184,1401,193,1938]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 3. Chirosiomima spp. 1. C. gestroi, male from Tunisia, habitus. 2. Same, labella. 3. C. obscurinervis, female from Iran, habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm (1, 3); 0.1 mm (2)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252379/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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). Head: Fully feminized; outer and inner vertical setae strong; upper occiput bare behind short postocular setae; broad frons with frontal vitta about 3 times as wide as each parafrontal, with a pair of interfrontal setae; each parafrontal with two reclinate and one proclinate orbital setae followed by one inclinate frontal seta. Fronto-parafacial angle prominent, in profile view reaching well beyond lower margin of face; parafacial strongly narrowing downwards, in the middle about half as wide as postpedicel. Gena broad, in lateral view about 1.5 times as broad as postpedicel, bare except for a few setae in a single row. Postpedicel about 2 times as long as broad; arista short, basally rather thickened, aristal pubescence much shorter than greatest basal diameter of arista. Proboscis short with small labella and numerous small, bicuspid teeth (
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<figureCitation id="136E2A69CB33AB79FC12FAE71F9E6E98" box="[947,1016,1401,1426]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 3" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1962,1985]" captionTargetBox="[197,1383,241,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[184,1401,193,1938]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 3. Chirosiomima spp. 1. C. gestroi, male from Tunisia, habitus. 2. Same, labella. 3. C. obscurinervis, female from Iran, habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm (1, 3); 0.1 mm (2)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252379/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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); palpus slender.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEA36ECCB33AB79FF66FA031E6E6D4C" blockId="1.[151,1437,897,2038]" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">Thorax: Acrostichals no stronger than surrounding ground setulae, in rows standing closer to each other than to dorsocentral rows and without setulae between rows. Prealar seta much shorter than posterior notopleural seta, often no stronger than adjacent ground setulae. Proepisternals 1 seta and 1 setula; proepimerals 1 seta and 1 setula. Anepisternum without setae in upper anterior corner. Katepisternals 1 + 1. Lower calypter much shorter than upper calypter, forming a shallow lobe.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEA36ECCB33AB79FF66F9CF19EC6D60" blockId="1.[151,1437,897,2038]" box="[199,1418,1617,1642]" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">
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Wings: Vein C with a row of
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<emphasis id="B921EAFECB33AB79FDAFF9CC1E7C6D63" box="[526,538,1618,1641]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">v</emphasis>
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setulae on more than basal two-thirds. Cross-vein dm–cu straight and upright.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEA36ECCB33AB79FF66F9E81DC26DF3" blockId="1.[151,1437,897,2038]" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">
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Legs: Fore tibia with
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<emphasis id="B921EAFECB33AB79FE17F9EB1DB46D87" box="[438,466,1653,1677]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">ad</emphasis>
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seta, without
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<emphasis id="B921EAFECB33AB79FDCFF9E81E1A6D87" box="[622,636,1654,1677]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">p</emphasis>
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or
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<emphasis id="B921EAFECB33AB79FD01F9E81EDC6D87" box="[672,698,1654,1677]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">pv</emphasis>
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seta, apically only with
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<emphasis id="B921EAFECB33AB79FC6BF9EB1FBE6D87" box="[970,984,1653,1677]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">d</emphasis>
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seta and
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<emphasis id="B921EAFECB33AB79FBE1F9E8183C6D87" box="[1088,1114,1654,1677]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">pv</emphasis>
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seta. Mid femur with 0–1
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<emphasis id="B921EAFECB33AB79FA20F9E819FD6D87" box="[1409,1435,1654,1677]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">av</emphasis>
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and 1–2
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<emphasis id="B921EAFECB33AB79FF56F9041D746DBB" box="[247,274,1690,1713]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">pv</emphasis>
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setae near base; mid tibia with 1
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<emphasis id="B921EAFECB33AB79FD27F9071EC46DBB" box="[646,674,1689,1713]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">ad</emphasis>
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and 1–2
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<emphasis id="B921EAFECB33AB79FCA8F9071F436DBB" box="[777,805,1689,1713]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">pd</emphasis>
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setae.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F342767CCB33AB79FCD0F9071FCF6DB8" box="[881,937,1689,1714]" name="India" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">Hind</collectingCountry>
|
||
femur with 3–5
|
||
<emphasis id="B921EAFECB33AB79FBC2F90418186DBB" box="[1123,1150,1690,1713]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">av</emphasis>
|
||
setae on distal two-thirds and 1–2
|
||
<emphasis id="B921EAFECB33AB79FF56F9201D746DDF" box="[247,274,1726,1749]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">pv</emphasis>
|
||
setae on basal half; hind tibia with 1
|
||
<emphasis id="B921EAFECB33AB79FD15F9201EAB6DDF" box="[692,717,1726,1749]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">av</emphasis>
|
||
, 3
|
||
<emphasis id="B921EAFECB33AB79FD51F9231F6A6DDF" box="[752,780,1725,1749]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">ad</emphasis>
|
||
and 2
|
||
<emphasis id="B921EAFECB33AB79FCF6F9231F156DDF" box="[855,883,1725,1749]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">pd</emphasis>
|
||
setae, without any
|
||
<emphasis id="B921EAFECB33AB79FBEDF920183C6DDF" box="[1100,1114,1726,1749]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">p</emphasis>
|
||
or
|
||
<emphasis id="B921EAFECB33AB79FBDEF92018FC6DDF" box="[1151,1178,1726,1749]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">pv</emphasis>
|
||
setae, apically without
|
||
<emphasis id="B921EAFECB33AB79FF36F97F1CD56DF3" box="[151,179,1761,1785]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">pd</emphasis>
|
||
seta but with
|
||
<emphasis id="B921EAFECB33AB79FEF1F97C1D0C6DF3" box="[336,362,1762,1785]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">pv</emphasis>
|
||
seta.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA36ECCB33AB79FF66F89B19066CFC" blockId="1.[151,1437,897,2038]" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">
|
||
Abdomen: Short, subcylindrical. Tergites III–V with weak marginal setae, tergite V also with short discal setae. Tergite VI bare. Sternite IV not longer than wide. Sternite V with posterior lobes mesally expanded on distal part (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E2A69CB33AB79FF73F8D31D476C6C" box="[210,289,1869,1894]" captionStart="FIGURES 4 – 9" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1663,1686]" captionTargetBox="[194,1373,213,1633]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1642]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 4 – 9. Chirosiomima gestroi, male from Tunisia. 4. Sternites IV and V. 5 – 7. Hypopygium in posterior, posterolateral and lateral views. 8. Hypandrium, pregonites, left postgonite and vertical sclerite, anterolateral view. 9. Phallus, lateral view, and ejaculatory pump. Scale bar: 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252380/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">Figs. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E2A69CB33AB79FE8DF8D01D2D6C6C" box="[300,331,1870,1894]" captionStart="FIGURES 10 – 12" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1932,1955]" captionTargetBox="[176,1380,202,1871]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[170,1406,193,1899]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 10 – 12. Chirosiomima spp. 10. C. obscurinervis, male from Iran, sternites IV and V. 11. C. obscurinervis, lectotype male from Ghana, hypopygium, posterolateral view. 12. C. gestroi, female from Tunisia, oviscapt, flat mount (s = sternite; sp = spiracle; t = tergite). Scale bars: 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252381/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">10</figureCitation>
|
||
); surstyli slender, narrowly incised at apex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E2A69CB33AB79FC99F8D31FC56C6C" box="[824,931,1869,1894]" captionStart="FIGURES 4 – 9" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1663,1686]" captionTargetBox="[194,1373,213,1633]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1642]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 4 – 9. Chirosiomima gestroi, male from Tunisia. 4. Sternites IV and V. 5 – 7. Hypopygium in posterior, posterolateral and lateral views. 8. Hypandrium, pregonites, left postgonite and vertical sclerite, anterolateral view. 9. Phallus, lateral view, and ejaculatory pump. Scale bar: 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252380/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">Figs. 5–7</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E2A69CB33AB79FC0EF8D01FAA6C6C" box="[943,972,1870,1894]" captionStart="FIGURES 10 – 12" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1932,1955]" captionTargetBox="[176,1380,202,1871]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[170,1406,193,1899]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 10 – 12. Chirosiomima spp. 10. C. obscurinervis, male from Iran, sternites IV and V. 11. C. obscurinervis, lectotype male from Ghana, hypopygium, posterolateral view. 12. C. gestroi, female from Tunisia, oviscapt, flat mount (s = sternite; sp = spiracle; t = tergite). Scale bars: 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252381/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">11</figureCitation>
|
||
); pregonites with two robust apical setae, laterobasally fused with hind margin of hypandrium; postgonites much shorter and weaker than pregonites and bare apart from a few sensilla (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E2A69CB33AB79FE53F80B1E506CA4" box="[498,566,1941,1966]" captionStart="FIGURES 4 – 9" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1663,1686]" captionTargetBox="[194,1373,213,1633]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1642]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 4 – 9. Chirosiomima gestroi, male from Tunisia. 4. Sternites IV and V. 5 – 7. Hypopygium in posterior, posterolateral and lateral views. 8. Hypandrium, pregonites, left postgonite and vertical sclerite, anterolateral view. 9. Phallus, lateral view, and ejaculatory pump. Scale bar: 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252380/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
). Short distiphallus laterally fused with large basiphallus into an anvil-shaped structure (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E2A69CB33AB79FEA9F8271D2A6CD8" box="[264,332,1977,2002]" captionStart="FIGURES 4 – 9" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1663,1686]" captionTargetBox="[194,1373,213,1633]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1642]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 4 – 9. Chirosiomima gestroi, male from Tunisia. 4. Sternites IV and V. 5 – 7. Hypopygium in posterior, posterolateral and lateral views. 8. Hypandrium, pregonites, left postgonite and vertical sclerite, anterolateral view. 9. Phallus, lateral view, and ejaculatory pump. Scale bar: 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252380/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
); small epiphallus supported by a vertical sclerite uniting the hypandrial arms behind phallus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E2A69CB33AB79FACEF8271CC06CFC" captionStart="FIGURES 4 – 9" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1663,1686]" captionTargetBox="[194,1373,213,1633]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1642]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 4 – 9. Chirosiomima gestroi, male from Tunisia. 4. Sternites IV and V. 5 – 7. Hypopygium in posterior, posterolateral and lateral views. 8. Hypandrium, pregonites, left postgonite and vertical sclerite, anterolateral view. 9. Phallus, lateral view, and ejaculatory pump. Scale bar: 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252380/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="87">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
); usual articulation between hypandrial arms and surstyli abandoned due to absence of bacilliform sclerites.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA36ECCB30AB7AFF66FF061F7E6A35" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1224]" pageId="2" pageNumber="88">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921EAFECB30AB7AFF66FF061D456BBA" box="[199,291,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="88">Female.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E2A69CB30AB7AFE90FF091D136BBA" box="[305,373,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 3" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1962,1985]" captionTargetBox="[197,1383,241,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[184,1401,193,1938]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 3. Chirosiomima spp. 1. C. gestroi, male from Tunisia, habitus. 2. Same, labella. 3. C. obscurinervis, female from Iran, habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm (1, 3); 0.1 mm (2)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252379/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="88">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Almost indiscernible from the male apart from the structure of the terminalia. Oviscapt (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E2A69CB30AB7AFAC5FF091CB86BDE" captionStart-0="FIGURES 10 – 12" captionStart-1="FIGURES 13, 14" captionStartId-0="6.[151,264,1932,1955]" captionStartId-1="7.[151,264,1910,1933]" captionTargetBox-0="[176,1380,202,1871]" captionTargetBox-1="[161,1376,283,1867]" captionTargetId-0="figure@6.[170,1406,193,1899]" captionTargetId-1="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1889]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="7" captionText-0="FIGURES 10 – 12. Chirosiomima spp. 10. C. obscurinervis, male from Iran, sternites IV and V. 11. C. obscurinervis, lectotype male from Ghana, hypopygium, posterolateral view. 12. C. gestroi, female from Tunisia, oviscapt, flat mount (s = sternite; sp = spiracle; t = tergite). Scale bars: 0.25 mm." captionText-1="FIGURES 13, 14. Chirosiomima spp., oviscapt, lateral view. 13. C. gestroi, female from Tunisia (s = sternite; sp = spiracle; t = tergite). 14. C. obscurinervis, female from Iran (arrow: hump on sternite VI). Scale bar: 0.25." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/252381/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/252382/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="88">Figs. 12–14</figureCitation>
|
||
) rather short and thick; spiracles VI and VII moved forward, situated about middle of tergite VI; sternite VI enlarged and convex; tergites VII and VIII devoid of usual hind marginal setae and setulae; tergite VII split into a pair of widely separated plates firmly aligned with sternite VII laterally and with tergite VIII dorsally; sternite VII pieces forming pointed extensions at lateral hind corners.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA36ECCB30AB7AFF66FED21EE76AA7" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1224]" pageId="2" pageNumber="88">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921EAFECB30AB7AFF66FED21F096A6F" bold="true" box="[199,879,331,357]" pageId="2" pageNumber="88">
|
||
Monophyly and relationships of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C554D6FCB30AB7AFDFEFED51F096A6F" authority="Hennig. As" authorityName="Hennig. As" box="[607,879,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Chirosiomima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921EAFECB30AB7AFDFEFED51F626A6E" bold="true" box="[607,772,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="88">Chirosiomima</emphasis>
|
||
Hennig.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
As presently defined, the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C554D6FCB30AB7AFB5DFED21C8C6A82" authority="Hennig" authorityName="Hennig" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Chirosiomima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921EAFECB30AB7AFB5DFED219FD6A6E" box="[1276,1435,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="88">Chirosiomima</emphasis>
|
||
Hennig
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
includes only two species, the Southern Mediterranean
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C554D6FCB30AB7AFCCCFEEE18586A82" authority="Seguy" authorityName="Seguy" box="[877,1086,368,392]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Hylemyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gestroi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921EAFECB30AB7AFCCCFEEE1FBA6A8D" box="[877,988,368,391]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="88">C. gestroi</emphasis>
|
||
(Séguy)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the Northern Afrotropical and South Asian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C554D6FCB30AB7AFEF6FE0A1E1B6AA7" authority="Emden" authorityName="Emden" box="[343,637,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Pegomyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscurinervis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921EAFECB30AB7AFEF6FE0A1E766AA6" box="[343,528,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="88">C. obscurinervis</emphasis>
|
||
(Emden)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA36ECCB30AB7AFF66FE291D1B69C7" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1224]" pageId="2" pageNumber="88">
|
||
After exclusion of the species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C554D6FCB30AB7AFD83FE261E956ADA" authority="Ackland" authorityName="Ackland" box="[546,755,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Chirosiomima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="collini">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921EAFECB30AB7AFD83FE261EEA6ADA" box="[546,652,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="88">C. collini</emphasis>
|
||
Ackland
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C554D6FCB30AB7AFC8CFE2618596ADA" authority="Ringdahl" authorityName="Ringdahl" box="[813,1087,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Hylemyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curtigena">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921EAFECB30AB7AFC8CFE261FDC6AC5" box="[813,954,440,463]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="88">C. curtigena</emphasis>
|
||
(Ringdahl)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the genus is homogenous and monophyletic beyond reasonable doubt. Affirmative evidence is found in the structure of the terminalia. Female: sternite V enlarged and convex; tergites VII and VIII devoid of hind marginal setae and setulae; tergite VII split into a pair of widely separated plates transposed beneath tergite VIII and closely aligned with lateral margins of sternite VII. Male: pregonites much larger than postgonites and firmly attached to central plate of the hypandrium; postgonites inconspicuous and twisted, bare apart from a few sensilla; phallus of very peculiar anvil-shape with a poorly differentiated distiphallus; articulation between hypandrium and surstyli abandoned in the absence of bacilliform sclerites.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA36ECCB30AB7AFF66FD491F4B6F75" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1224]" pageId="2" pageNumber="88">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC44B1DCB30AB7AFF66FD491DC369FA" author="Hennig" box="[199,421,727,752]" pageId="2" pageNumber="88" refString="Hennig, W. (1976 b) Anthomyiidae [part]. In: Lindner, E. (Ed.), Die Fliegen der palaearktischen Region, 7 (1), pp. i - lxxviii." type="journal article" year="1976" yearSuffix="b">Hennig (1976b: lix)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
commented on the status and possible relationships of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C554D6FCB30AB7AFBB0FD4618D669FA" box="[1041,1200,728,752]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Chirosiomima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921EAFECB30AB7AFBB0FD4618D669FA" box="[1041,1200,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="88">Chirosiomima</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but his definition of the genus was probably polyphyletic by inclusion of the species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C554D6FCB30AB7AFC38FD62182A681F" authority="Ackland" authorityName="Ackland" box="[921,1100,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Chirosiomima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="collini">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921EAFECB30AB7AFC38FD621F86681E" box="[921,992,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="88">collini</emphasis>
|
||
Ackland
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C554D6FCB30AB7AFB2DFD6319FA681E" authority="Ringdahl. As" authorityName="Ringdahl. As" box="[1164,1436,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Hylemyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curtigena">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921EAFECB30AB7AFB2DFD63189E681E" box="[1164,1272,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="88">curtigena</emphasis>
|
||
Ringdahl. As
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
presently defined, morphology may suggest a possible closest relationship between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C554D6FCB30AB7AFBC3FCBE19646832" box="[1122,1282,800,824]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Chirosiomima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921EAFECB30AB7AFBC3FCBE19646832" box="[1122,1282,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="88">Chirosiomima</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C554D6FCB30AB7AFA9FFCBE1D1E6857" authority="Robineau-Desvoidy" authorityName="Robineau-Desvoidy" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Fucellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921EAFECB30AB7AFA9FFCBE19FD6832" box="[1342,1435,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="88">Fucellia</emphasis>
|
||
Robineau-Desvoidy
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, though the evidence at hand is far from persuasive. The latter genus consists of 22 littoral species, most of them found in seashore habitats of the Northern Hemisphere. The monophyly of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C554D6FCB30AB7AFB4DFCF6192F688A" box="[1260,1353,872,896]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Fucellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921EAFECB30AB7AFB4DFCF6192F688A" box="[1260,1353,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="88">Fucellia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is well supported by the following autapomorphies: presence of a submarginal row of spaced setal spines on ventral surface of vein C; epiphallus reduced, replaced by a vertical sclerotized strut articulated with basiphallus; 6th pair of spiracles in the female displaced forward from hind corners of tergite VI to membranous “intersegmental” section of segment VI or even further forward to tergite V. Both genera contain “terrestrial” species in which the male head is fully feminized, and both sexes have small eyes, broad genae, reduced lower calypteres, and usual hair-like setulae missing beneath tip of scutellum. Males of both genera agree in the following: cerci forming a short and broad, shield-like plate beneath an enlarged proctiger field.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34F6567CB30AB7AFF66FB1418FD6FCD" pageId="2" pageNumber="88" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA36ECCB30AB7AFF66FB1418FD6FCD" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1224]" pageId="2" pageNumber="88">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921EAFECB30AB7AFF66FB141D416FA9" bold="true" box="[199,295,1162,1187]" pageId="2" pageNumber="88">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
Virtually nothing is known. Material of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C554D6FCB30AB7AFD53FB151FF76FA9" box="[754,913,1163,1187]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Chirosiomima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921EAFECB30AB7AFD53FB151FF76FA9" box="[754,913,1163,1187]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="88">Chirosiomima</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is remarkably scarce in the collections, which suggests that both known species are specialized and selective in their habitat requirements.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |