243 lines
30 KiB
XML
243 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document id="137BA02780241862BAD836C774A20FA7" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3941.1.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9a54c25b-e43f-4e60-881a-fd262e98310f" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="288211" ID-ZooBank="ECDCBC06-96AC-4D91-9C24-7A0A30A3E375" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461023909168" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hibino, Yusuke" docDate="2015" docId="03D24013FD5BFFCAFF36FB31C7E5FECB" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03941p078.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3941 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Apterichtus dunalailai Hibino, 2015, n. sp." docType="treatment" docUuid="D5F25BBF-581B-4FCC-BE1F-F3A6A9F3671B" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="58" masterDocId="FFEB386BFD53FFC1FFA1FFE3C366FFAF" masterDocTitle="A review of the finless snake eels of the genus Apterichtus (Anguilliformes: Ophichthidae), with the description of five new species" masterLastPageNumber="78" masterPageNumber="49" pageNumber="57" updateTime="1698571358071" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="C38607256A43CBE6C77513868AC7F148">
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<mods:title id="FADF96B9FBD85E530EB11487B42A36E0">A review of the finless snake eels of the genus Apterichtus (Anguilliformes: Ophichthidae), with the description of five new species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="8C274BB822D8DA712FCD99A578858EA7" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="BB80C26BFA7248C023E7815FBCE565AD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="8D695118FCBB9B887A748A7D0D2E6C43">Hibino, Yusuke</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="9F52500D9935CBC89C067DE9DF2EF460">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="1DA6D772E618E176795E202A29EE40C4">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="2B8C682D19CB83776C455A1F10EB37F5">
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<mods:date id="E713CA2CB40DC0B9C1B74A146D6D682F">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="57ECC67A3AB578C38B7D8816A06F81E8" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="AA9C5D638B753157F52A98DB1987BBA9">3941</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="087AE6A753B09602367899C490949B6B" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="8517ED7A87AEC825B4083390B9FEA3FE">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="8AFF1191EFFC68F7815056E35B82F28E">49</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="F10FC93819FF188953F24F18CBCF03D5">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="589DF47B2C59BB307D5DCC427767E4D1" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3941.1.2</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="DB59C18D19BF4E6341CA1BA16CACDE3D" type="GBIF-Dataset">9a54c25b-e43f-4e60-881a-fd262e98310f</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="37E52E5C343C8BA7A186C282757D39E9" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="57CD52B3CC4ACFC7194E6D60F6B2E632" type="Zenodo-Dep">288211</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="A899A4758CCD98F79B3196AA97219432" type="ZooBank">ECDCBC06-96AC-4D91-9C24-7A0A30A3E375</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03D24013FD5BFFCAFF36FB31C7E5FECB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6116395" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127687766" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6116395" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D5F25BBF-581B-4FCC-BE1F-F3A6A9F3671B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D24013FD5BFFCAFF36FB31C7E5FECB" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">
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<subSubSection id="C361A28EFD5BFFC9FF36FB31C2C5FAA1" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC4F105FD5BFFC9FF36FB31C296FB42" blockId="8.[151,496,1234,1294]" box="[151,496,1234,1261]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">
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<heading id="D08C4669FD5BFFC9FF36FB31C296FB42" bold="true" box="[151,496,1234,1261]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B90F2D17FD5BFFC9FF36FB31C296FB42" bold="true" box="[151,496,1234,1261]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B8A86FD5BFFC9FF36FB31C2C0FB43" ID-CoL="FYGX" box="[151,422,1234,1260]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Apterichtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dunalailai" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B90F2D17FD5BFFC9FF36FB31C2C0FB43" bold="true" box="[151,422,1234,1260]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">Apterichtus dunalailai</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23C906CFD5BFFC9FE0CFB30C296FB42" box="[429,496,1235,1261]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC4F105FD5BFFC9FF36FB16C2C5FAA1" blockId="8.[151,496,1234,1294]" box="[151,419,1269,1294]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">
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<figureCitation id="1340ED80FD5BFFC9FF36FB16C278FAA1" box="[151,286,1269,1294]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 6" captionStart-1="FIGURE 7" captionStartId-0="9.[151,250,1965,1987]" captionStartId-1="10.[151,250,1952,1974]" captionTargetBox-0="[263,1296,1664,1937]" captionTargetBox-1="[508,1071,217,1908]" captionTargetId-0="figure@9.[253,1333,1661,1941]" captionTargetId-1="figure@10.[489,1097,193,1930]" captionTargetPageId-0="9" captionTargetPageId-1="10" captionText-0="FIGURE 6. Head of holotype of Apterichtus dunalailai, MNHN 1987 - 0810, 289 mm. Drawn by Corlis Schneider." captionText-1="FIGURE 7. Dentition of holotype of Apterichtus dunalailai, MNHN 1987 - 0810, 289 mm. Drawn by Corlis Schneider." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/288217/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/288218/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">Figures 6–7</figureCitation>
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,
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<tableCitation id="C6F9C4BEFD5BFFC9FE8BFB16C2C5FAA1" box="[298,419,1269,1294]" captionStart-0="TABLE 1" captionStart-1="TABLE 2" captionStartId-0="5.[151,239,400,423]" captionStartId-1="9.[151,239,908,931]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1159,593,1203]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1015,1101,1540]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="9" captionText-0="TABLE 1. Characteristics of the species of Apterichtus. Abbreviations are: MVF = mean vertebral formula; POP = preopercular pore; STP = supratemporal pore. Preanal vertebral counts of A. gracilis and A. monodi are estimates based on preanal lateral-line pores. Sources are: 1, this study; 2, Blache & Bauchot 1972; 3, McCosker et al. 1989; 4, McCosker & Randall 2005; 5, Pereira & Aguiar 1979; 6, Hibino et al. 2014; 7, Machida & Ohta 1994." captionText-1="TABLE 2. Counts and proportions (in thousandths) of the holotype and 2 paratypes of Apterichthus dunalailai n. sp. TL = total length, HL = head length. Paratype 1997 – 0811 was severed posterior to the anus during capture; its counts and proportions relative to its total length are thereby incalculable." httpUri-0="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF04A18DFD56FFC4FF36FE73C701FDA8" httpUri-1="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF04A18DFD5AFFC8FF36FC6FC03BFC4B" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" tableUuid-0="DF04A18DFD56FFC4FF36FE73C701FDA8" tableUuid-1="DF04A18DFD5AFFC8FF36FC6FC03BFC4B">Tables 1–2</tableCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C361A28EFD5BFFC9FF36FAA3C0B3F999" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BC4F105FD5BFFC9FF36FAA3C63BFAD2" blockId="8.[151,1437,1341,2022]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">
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<emphasis id="B90F2D17FD5BFFC9FF36FAA3C262FAF6" bold="true" box="[151,260,1344,1369]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">
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<typeStatus id="54C04FA7FD5BFFC9FF36FAA3C262FAF6" box="[151,260,1344,1369]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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.
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<collectionCode id="ED6A69C0FD5BFFC9FEB7FAA2C20DFAF7" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" box="[278,363,1345,1368]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">MNHN</collectionCode>
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1987-0810,
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<quantity id="4C835CE0FD5BFFC9FDA3FAA3C100FAF7" box="[514,614,1344,1368]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8899999999999997" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" unit="mm" value="289.0">289 mm</quantity>
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, male,
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<collectingCountry id="F36CB195FD5BFFC9FD1EFAA2C07DFAF7" box="[703,795,1345,1368]" name="Vanuatu" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">Vanuatu</collectingCountry>
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(
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<geoCoordinate id="EE4F97C2FD5BFFC9FC8FFAA3C0E3FAF6" box="[814,901,1341,1369]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" precision="925" value="-17.883333">17o53'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE4F97C2FD5BFFC9FC34FAA3C09AFAF7" box="[917,1020,1341,1369]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" precision="925" value="168.46666">168o28'E</geoCoordinate>
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), depth
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<quantity id="4C835CE0FD5BFFC9FBFFFAA3C785FAF7" box="[1118,1251,1344,1368]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.955" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.91" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" unit="m" value="295.5" valueMax="300.0" valueMin="291.0">291–300 m</quantity>
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, captured using Warren Dredge, Campaign MUSORSTOM 8-1994, Station DW 1015, collected by N. Alis,
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<date id="FFC5D7C5FD5BFFC9FB3EFA87C63FFAD2" box="[1183,1369,1380,1405]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" value="1994-09">September 1994</date>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC4F105FD5BFFC9FF66FA6BC0B3F999" blockId="8.[151,1437,1341,2022]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">
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<emphasis id="B90F2D17FD5BFFC9FF66FA6BC259FA0E" bold="true" box="[199,319,1416,1441]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">
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<typeStatus id="54C04FA7FD5BFFC9FF66FA6BC259FA0E" box="[199,319,1416,1441]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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.
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<collectionCode id="ED6A69C0FD5BFFC9FEF0FA6AC2C0FA0F" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" box="[337,422,1417,1440]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">MNHN</collectionCode>
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1987-0811, 175+ mm (approximately
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<quantity id="4C835CE0FD5BFFC9FCCEFA6BC0B6FA0F" box="[879,976,1416,1440]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" unit="mm" value="330.0">330 mm</quantity>
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by extrapolation) (tail section missing, presumably cut by dredge),
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<collectingCountry id="F36CB195FD5BFFC9FE4BFA53C120FA68" box="[490,582,1456,1479]" name="Vanuatu" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">Vanuatu</collectingCountry>
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||
(
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<geoCoordinate id="EE4F97C2FD5BFFC9FDFDFA4CC1D4FA67" box="[604,690,1452,1480]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" precision="925" value="-17.883333">17o53'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4F97C2FD5BFFC9FD65FA4CC04AFA67" box="[708,812,1452,1480]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" precision="925" value="168.96666">168o58'E</geoCoordinate>
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), depth
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<quantity id="4C835CE0FD5BFFC9FC33FA4CC77FFA68" box="[914,1049,1455,1480]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.05" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="3.6" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" unit="m" value="405.0" valueMax="450.0" valueMin="360.0">360–450 m</quantity>
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, captured using Warren Dredge, Campaign MUSORSTOM 8-1994, Station DW 1016, collected by N. Alis,
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<date id="FFC5D7C5FD5BFFC9FC57FA30C7D4FA44" box="[1014,1202,1491,1516]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" value="1994-09">September 1994</date>
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.
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<collectionCode id="ED6A69C0FD5BFFC9FB1FFA37C675FA44" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" box="[1214,1299,1492,1515]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">MNHN</collectionCode>
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<quantity id="4C835CE0FD5BFFC9FABDFA30C391F9BE" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.47089" metricValueMax="10.92177" metricValueMin="0.02001" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" unit="mm" value="547089.0" valueMax="1092177.0" valueMin="2001.0">2001-1092, 177 mm</quantity>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F36CB195FD5BFFC9FEA5FA1AC248F9BD" box="[260,302,1529,1554]" name="Fiji" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">Fiji</collectingCountry>
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, Yangusta Cluster (
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<geoCoordinate id="EE4F97C2FD5BFFC9FDABFA19C104F9BD" box="[522,610,1526,1554]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" precision="925" value="-18.65">18o39'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE4F97C2FD5BFFC9FDCFFA19C1B3F9BD" box="[622,725,1526,1554]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" precision="925" value="178.43333">178o26'E</geoCoordinate>
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), depth
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<quantity id="4C835CE0FD5BFFC9FC90FA19C0D5F9BE" box="[817,947,1530,1554]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.945" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.8899999999999997" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" unit="m" value="394.5" valueMax="400.0" valueMin="389.0">389–400 m</quantity>
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, captured using Warren Dredge, Campaign Bordau
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<date id="FFC5D7C5FD5BFFC9FF51F9FCC25DF999" box="[240,315,1566,1590]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" value="1999-01">I 1999</date>
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||
, Station DW 1499, collected by N. Alis on
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<date id="FFC5D7C5FD5BFFC9FC83F9FDC0B6F999" box="[802,976,1565,1590]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" value="1999-03-12">12 March 1999</date>
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||
.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C361A28EFD5BFFC9FF66F9A2C233F831" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" type="diagnosis">
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||
<paragraph id="8BC4F105FD5BFFC9FF66F9A2C21BF969" blockId="8.[151,1437,1341,2022]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">
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||
<emphasis id="B90F2D17FD5BFFC9FF66F9A2C25CF9F5" bold="true" box="[199,314,1601,1626]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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. An elongate species with: tail 1.8–2.0, head 16–17, and body depth
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<quantity id="4C835CE0FD5BFFC9FB00F9A1C784F9F5" box="[1185,1250,1601,1626]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8034" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" unit="in" value="71.0">71 in</quantity>
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total length; 3 preopercular pores and 5 pores in supratemporal canal; teeth conical, uniserial on jaws and vomer; 2–3 vomerine teeth; body mostly pale in preservative, a fine brown sparse speckling on body and tail; and MVF 70–160, total vertebrae 160 (n=3).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC4F105FD5BFFC9FF66F932C233F831" blockId="8.[151,1437,1341,2022]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90F2D17FD5BFFC9FF66F932C054F945" bold="true" box="[199,818,1745,1770]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">
|
||
Counts and measurements (in mm) of the
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<typeStatus id="54C04FA7FD5BFFC9FD65F932C04BF945" box="[708,813,1745,1770]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Total length 289; head 17.9; trunk 127; tail 144; body depth at gill openings ~4.2; body width at gill openings ~3.5; body depth at anus ~4; body width at anus ~4; head depth at branchial basket ~5.3; head width at branchial basket ~5.2; snout 3.8; tip of snout to rictus 5.8; tip of snout to tip of lower jaw 3.5; eye diameter 1.4; interorbital distance 1.4; gill-opening length 1.6; isthmus width ~0.7. Vertebral formula 74–160. Lateral-line pores difficult to count accurately due to small size and waxy exudate,
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||
<quantity id="4C835CE0FD5BFFC9FAD0F882C6FAF8D5" box="[1393,1436,1889,1914]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" unit="in" value="6.0">6 in</quantity>
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branchial region.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C361A28EFD5BFFC8FF66F84AC0EEFCBA" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC4F105FD5BFFC8FF66F84AC7B6FE7F" blockId="8.[151,1437,1341,2022]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1437,151,861]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90F2D17FD5BFFC9FF66F84AC23FF86D" bold="true" box="[199,345,1961,1986]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Body elongate, nearly cylindrical throughout, snout and tail tip sharply pointed, depth at gill openings
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||
<quantity id="4C835CE0FD5BFFC9FEA5F82EC201F849" box="[260,359,1997,2022]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8161" metricValueMax="1.8796" metricValueMin="1.7526" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" unit="in" value="71.5" valueMax="74.0" valueMin="69.0">69–74 in</quantity>
|
||
TL. Branchial basket slightly wider and deeper than body. Head and trunk 2.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4C835CE0FD5BFFC9FB4FF82DC648F849" box="[1262,1326,1997,2022]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.588" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" unit="in" value="2.2">2.2 in</quantity>
|
||
TL; head
|
||
<quantity id="4C835CE0FD5AFFC8FF36FF74C243FF1F" box="[151,293,151,176]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1655999999999995" metricValueMax="4.2418" metricValueMin="4.0894" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" unit="in" value="16.4" valueMax="16.7" valueMin="16.1">16.1–16.7 in</quantity>
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||
TL,
|
||
<quantity id="4C835CE0FD5AFFC8FEFFFF74C2B6FF1F" box="[350,464,151,176]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7145" metricValueMax="1.8034" metricValueMin="1.6256" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" unit="in" value="6.75" valueMax="7.1" valueMin="6.4">6.4–7.1 in</quantity>
|
||
trunk. Snout sharply pointed, its underside slightly rounded and bisected by a groove (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1340ED80FD5AFFC8FF3EFF5FC26AFF7A" box="[159,268,188,213]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 6" captionStart-1="FIGURE 7" captionStartId-0="9.[151,250,1965,1987]" captionStartId-1="10.[151,250,1952,1974]" captionTargetBox-0="[263,1296,1664,1937]" captionTargetBox-1="[508,1071,217,1908]" captionTargetId-0="figure@9.[253,1333,1661,1941]" captionTargetId-1="figure@10.[489,1097,193,1930]" captionTargetPageId-0="9" captionTargetPageId-1="10" captionText-0="FIGURE 6. Head of holotype of Apterichtus dunalailai, MNHN 1987 - 0810, 289 mm. Drawn by Corlis Schneider." captionText-1="FIGURE 7. Dentition of holotype of Apterichtus dunalailai, MNHN 1987 - 0810, 289 mm. Drawn by Corlis Schneider." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/288217/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/288218/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">Figs. 6–7</figureCitation>
|
||
). Slope of dorsal surface of snout approximately 25° relative to underside of snout. Lower jaw included, its tip slightly in advance of eye; snout extends beyond tip of lower jaw by more than lower jaw length; upper and lower lips meet when mouth is closed. Mouth moderately elongate. Rictus well behind rear margin of eye. An obvious crease extends posteriorly in upper lip from beneath eye to rictus. Eye moderately developed, 4.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4C835CE0FD5AFFC8FAFDFEC4C6FAFEEF" box="[1372,1436,295,320]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.143" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" unit="in" value="4.5">4.5 in</quantity>
|
||
upper jaw and
|
||
<quantity id="4C835CE0FD5AFFC8FEE5FEAFC2B5FECA" box="[324,467,332,357]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3655" metricValueMax="3.4798" metricValueMin="3.2512" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" unit="in" value="13.25" valueMax="13.7" valueMin="12.8">12.8–13.7 in</quantity>
|
||
head, its anterior margin above middle of upper jaw. Anterior nostril within a tube, approximately one-third the diameter of the eye, its base in anterior third of snout and anterolaterally directed when viewed from above. Posterior nostril opens in outer lip beneath anterior margin of eye. Branchial openings low, ventral; branchial region modestly expanded, creating a bulbous region in posterior half of head.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC4F105FD5AFFC8FF66FE3FC098FD92" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,861]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">
|
||
Head pores (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1340ED80FD5AFFC8FEF5FE3FC2F1FE5A" box="[340,407,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1965,1987]" captionTargetBox="[263,1296,1664,1937]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[253,1333,1661,1941]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Head of holotype of Apterichtus dunalailai, MNHN 1987 - 0810, 289 mm. Drawn by Corlis Schneider." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/288217/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
) small but obvious. Single median interorbital and temporal pores. Supraorbital pores 1 + 4, infraorbital pores 5 + 2, supratemporal pores 5, lower jaw pores 4, preopercular pores 3. Lateral-line pores difficult to count accurately due to small size and waxy exudate,
|
||
<quantity id="4C835CE0FD5AFFC8FCAFFDC7C05EFD92" box="[782,824,548,573]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" unit="in" value="6.0">6 in</quantity>
|
||
branchial region.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC4F105FD5AFFC8FF66FDA4C702FD07" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,861]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">
|
||
Teeth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1340ED80FD5AFFC8FEB6FDA4C238FDCF" box="[279,350,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1952,1974]" captionTargetBox="[508,1071,217,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[489,1097,193,1930]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Dentition of holotype of Apterichtus dunalailai, MNHN 1987 - 0810, 289 mm. Drawn by Corlis Schneider." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/288218/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
) uniserial, small, conical and slightly recurved. Intermaxillary with a chevron of 5 teeth (the largest in the jaw), followed by a short gap and a linear row of 2–3 small vomerine teeth. Jaw teeth nearly subequal, small, 17–18 teeth in each side of upper jaw and 18–20 teeth in each side of lower jaw.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC4F105FD5AFFC8FF66FD57C097FD5F" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,861]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">Body mostly faded in alcohol preservative (preserved in formalin and transferred to alcohol more than 15 years ago), however body and tail are overlain with a sparse fine brown speckling.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC4F105FD5AFFC8FF66FD1FC0EEFCBA" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,861]" box="[199,904,764,789]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90F2D17FD5AFFC8FF66FD1FC391FCBA" bold="true" box="[199,247,764,789]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">Size</emphasis>
|
||
. The largest intact specimen examined is
|
||
<quantity id="4C835CE0FD5AFFC8FD6DFD1FC04DFCBB" box="[716,811,764,788]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8899999999999997" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" unit="mm" value="289.0">289 mm</quantity>
|
||
, a male.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C361A28EFD5AFFC8FF66FCFCC7AAFC97" box="[199,1228,799,824]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC4F105FD5AFFC8FF66FCFCC7AAFC97" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,861]" box="[199,1228,799,824]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90F2D17FD5AFFC8FF66FCFCC220FC97" bold="true" box="[199,326,799,824]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
. Named
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B8A86FD5AFFC8FE0DFCC3C179FC97" box="[428,543,800,824]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Apterichtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dunalailai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90F2D17FD5AFFC8FE0DFCC3C179FC97" box="[428,543,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">dunalailai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a “small eel” in Fijian, to be treated as a noun in apposition.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C361A28EFD5AFFCAFF66FCA7C7E5FECB" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC4F105FD5AFFC8FF66FCA7C671FCF2" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,861]" box="[199,1303,836,861]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90F2D17FD5AFFC8FF66FCA7C23FFCF2" bold="true" box="[199,345,836,861]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
. Known from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36CB195FD5AFFC8FE5FFCA6C13CFCF3" box="[510,602,837,860]" name="Vanuatu" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">Vanuatu</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36CB195FD5AFFC8FD31FCA7C1DCFCF2" box="[656,698,836,861]" name="Fiji" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">Fiji</collectingCountry>
|
||
, captured using a benthic dredge at
|
||
<quantity id="4C835CE0FD5AFFC8FBEAFCA7C7ACFCF3" box="[1099,1226,836,861]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7049999999999996" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="2.91" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" unit="m" value="370.5" valueMax="450.0" valueMin="291.0">291–450 m</quantity>
|
||
depth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF04A18DFD5AFFC8FF36FC6FC03BFC4B" ID-Table-UUID="DF04A18DFD5AFFC8FF36FC6FC03BFC4B" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF04A18DFD5AFFC8FF36FC6FC03BFC4B" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" targetBox="[151,1015,1101,1540]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC4F105FD5AFFC8FF36FC6FC03BFC4B" blockId="9.[151,1436,908,996]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90F2D17FD5AFFC8FF36FC6FC3D1FC6B" bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">
|
||
TABLE 2. Counts and proportions (in thousandths) of the holotype and 2 paratypes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B8A86FD5AFFC8FBD8FC6FC619FC0B" box="[1145,1407,908,932]" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Apterichthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dunalailai" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90F2D17FD5AFFC8FBD8FC6FC619FC0B" bold="true" box="[1145,1407,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">Apterichthus dunalailai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23C906CFD5AFFC8FA27FC6FC3D1FC6B" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
TL = total length, HL = head length. Paratype 1997–0811 was severed posterior to the anus during capture; its counts and proportions relative to its total length are thereby incalculable.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC4F105FD5AFFCAFE5FFBEEC7E5FECB" blockId="9.[510,987,1037,1060]" lastBlockId="11.[151,1436,151,357]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C04FA7FD5AFFC8FE5FFBEEC13DFB8B" box="[510,603,1037,1060]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
mean range
|
||
<emphasis id="B90F2D17FD58FFCAFF66FF74C25DFF1F" bold="true" box="[199,315,151,176]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The new species differs from its congeners in the size and shape of its snout, its cephalic pore configuration, and in its vertebral numbers.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B8A86FD58FFCAFD3AFF5FC0FCFF7B" box="[667,922,188,212]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Apterichtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dunalailai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90F2D17FD58FFCAFD3AFF5FC0FCFF7B" box="[667,922,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">Apterichtus dunalailai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shares the cephalic pore configuration of 5 supratemporal pores and 3 preopercular pores with
|
||
<emphasis id="B90F2D17FD58FFCAFD7DFF03C092FF57" box="[732,1012,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B8A86FD58FFCAFD7DFF03C000FF57" box="[732,870,224,248]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Apterichtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="klazingai">A. klazingai</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B8A86FD58FFCAFCD0FF03C096FF57" box="[881,1008,224,248]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Apterichtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="malabar">A. malabar</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B90F2D17FD58FFCAFB8DFF03C7C6FF58" box="[1068,1184,224,247]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B8A86FD58FFCAFB8DFF03C7FAFF58" box="[1068,1180,224,247]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Apterichtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="moseri">A. moseri</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
It differs significantly from all but
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B8A86FD58FFCAFE87FEE7C2C0FEB3" box="[294,422,260,284]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Apterichtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="malabar">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90F2D17FD58FFCAFE87FEE7C2C0FEB3" box="[294,422,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">A. malabar</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having more total vertebrae (160 vs. 131–145).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B8A86FD58FFCAFC4CFEE7C78CFEB3" box="[1005,1258,260,284]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Apterichtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dunalailai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90F2D17FD58FFCAFC4CFEE7C78CFEB3" box="[1005,1258,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">Apterichtus dunalailai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is most closely related to the shallow water
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B8A86FD58FFCAFE75FECBC134FEEF" box="[468,594,296,320]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Apterichtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="malabar">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90F2D17FD58FFCAFE75FECBC134FEEF" box="[468,594,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">A. malabar</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but differs in having a longer head (6.0–6.2% vs. 5.2–5.6% of TL), a more slender snout (compare to
|
||
<figureCitation id="1340ED80FD58FFCAFE61FEAFC17FFECB" box="[448,537,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1613,1635]" captionTargetBox="[273,1305,1303,1560]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[259,1327,1290,1576]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 11. Head of holotype of Apterichtus malabar, AMS I. 19426 - 001, 414 mm. Drawn by Corlis Schneider." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/288222/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">Figs. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
&
|
||
<figureCitation id="1340ED80FD58FFCAFD9CFEAFC13DFECB" box="[573,603,332,356]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1988,2010]" captionTargetBox="[563,1046,375,1944]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[540,1047,373,1967]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 12. Dentition of holotype of Apterichtus malabar, AMS I. 19426 - 001, 414 mm. Drawn by Corlis Schneider." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/288223/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">12</figureCitation>
|
||
), and fewer preanal vertebrae (68–74 vs. 73–80).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |