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<mods:title id="40DAD92829009BD17C66DC579E8F2F5C">A catalogue of Indian Pyraloidea (Lepidoptera)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="93162A2832EA9BC8376D8BCBCEFCF43E">Singh, Navneet</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9A9E9629C3682D09C29DDD2BC08BAE91">Talukdar, Avishek</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3DCAFD6F4AA73ADD2CF49D3E17E1FD45">Kirti, Jagbir Singh</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03C8791FFFD4803BFF7852F3FA73590E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7252338" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7252338" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C8791FFFD4803BFF7852F3FA73590E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C8791FFFD4803BFF7852F3FA73590E" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<subSubSection id="C37B9B82FFD48026FF7852F3FED459A0" box="[151,302,1705,1731]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BDEC809FFD48026FF7852F3FED459A0" blockId="15.[151,302,1705,1731]" box="[151,302,1705,1731]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<heading id="D0967F65FFD48026FF7852F3FED459A0" bold="true" box="[151,302,1705,1731]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B915141BFFD48026FF7852F3FED459A0" bold="true" box="[151,302,1705,1731]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
1.
<taxonomicName id="4C61B38AFFD48026FF5A52F3FED459A0" ID-CoL="FG2" ID-ENA="7135" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1809" box="[181,302,1705,1731]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pyralidae</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="C37B9B82FFD4803BFF7852ABFA73590E" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BDEC809FFD48026FF7852ABFC2E5880" blockId="15.[151,1437,1777,2019]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
The family
<taxonomicName id="4C61B38AFFD48026FEF752ABFE785868" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1809" box="[280,386,1777,1803]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pyralidae</taxonomicName>
comprises 6,197 described species in 1,099 genera (Nuss
<emphasis id="B915141BFFD48026FBE852A8FBC45868" box="[1031,1086,1777,1803]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">et al.</emphasis>
2003
<emphasis id="B915141BFFD48026FB9352ABFB705868" bold="true" box="[1148,1162,1777,1803]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">–</emphasis>
2022,
<bibRefCitation id="EFF0B5F8FFD48026FB2052ABFA6B5868" author="Leger, T. &amp; Mally, R. &amp; Neinhuis, C. &amp; Nuss, M." box="[1231,1425,1777,1803]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="84 - 99" refId="ref288552" refString="Leger, T., Mally, R., Neinhuis, C. &amp; Nuss, M. (2020) Refining the phylogeny of Crambidae with complete sampling of subfamilies (Lepidoptera, Pyraloidea). Zoologica Scripta, 50 (1), 84 - 99. [2021] https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / zsc. 12452" type="journal article" year="2020">
Léger
<emphasis id="B915141BFFD48026FAF852A8FAB45868" box="[1303,1358,1777,1803]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">et al.</emphasis>
2020
</bibRefCitation>
). Five subfamilies are currently recognized in the family:
<taxonomicName id="4C61B38AFFD48026FCDE534FFC2B584C" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1884" box="[817,977,1813,1839]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Epipaschiinae">Epipaschiinae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C61B38AFFD48026FC0F534FFBB7584C" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1809" box="[992,1101,1813,1839]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Pyralinae">Pyralinae</taxonomicName>
, Phycitinae,
<taxonomicName id="4C61B38AFFD48026FB0A534FFA9E584C" authorityName="Zeller" authorityYear="1848" box="[1253,1380,1813,1839]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Galleriinae">Galleriinae</taxonomicName>
, and Chrysauginae. All subfamilies except the latter are present in
<collectingCountry id="F3768899FFD48026FCBC5363FC6A5830" box="[851,912,1849,1875]" name="India" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">India</collectingCountry>
. One large lineage consists of the sister-group
<taxonomicName id="4C61B38AFFD48026FF785307FECE5814" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1884" box="[151,308,1885,1911]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Epipaschiinae">Epipaschiinae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C61B38AFFD48026FE825307FE205814" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1809" box="[365,474,1885,1911]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Pyralinae">Pyralinae</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C61B38AFFD48026FDF85307FD775814" authorityName="Zeller" authorityYear="1839" box="[535,653,1885,1911]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="392" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Phycitinae">Phycitinae</taxonomicName>
sister to that group (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF0B5F8FFD48026FC945307FBB75814" author="Regier, J. C. &amp; Mitter, C. &amp; Solis, M. A. &amp; Hayden, J. E. &amp; Landry, B. &amp; Nuss, M. &amp; Simonsen, T. J. &amp; Yen, S. H. &amp; Zwick, A. &amp; Cummings, M. P." box="[891,1101,1885,1911]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="635 - 656" refId="ref302688" refString="Regier, J. C., Mitter, C., Solis, M. A., Hayden, J. E., Landry, B., Nuss, M., Simonsen, T. J., Yen, S. H., Zwick, A. &amp; Cummings, M. P. (2012) A molecular phylogeny for the pyraloid moths (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea) and its implications for higher-level classification. Systematic Entomology, 37, 635 - 656. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.2012.00641. x" type="journal article" year="2012">
Regier
<emphasis id="B915141BFFD48026FC3F5304FBF05814" box="[976,1034,1885,1911]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">et al.</emphasis>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFF0B5F8FFD48026FBB65307FAD85814" author="Leger, T. &amp; Mally, R. &amp; Neinhuis, C. &amp; Nuss, M." box="[1113,1314,1885,1911]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="84 - 99" refId="ref288552" refString="Leger, T., Mally, R., Neinhuis, C. &amp; Nuss, M. (2020) Refining the phylogeny of Crambidae with complete sampling of subfamilies (Lepidoptera, Pyraloidea). Zoologica Scripta, 50 (1), 84 - 99. [2021] https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / zsc. 12452" type="journal article" year="2020">
Léger
<emphasis id="B915141BFFD48026FB4C5304FB275814" box="[1187,1245,1885,1911]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">et al.</emphasis>
2020
</bibRefCitation>
). Chrysauginae and
<taxonomicName id="4C61B38AFFD48026FEE353DBFE7258F8" authorityName="Zeller" authorityYear="1848" box="[268,392,1921,1947]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Galleriinae">Galleriinae</taxonomicName>
form the second lineage within
<taxonomicName id="4C61B38AFFD48026FD1A53DBFCA558F8" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1809" box="[757,863,1921,1947]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pyralidae</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF0B5F8FFD48026FC8153DBFBAF58F8" author="Solis, M. A. &amp; Mitter, C." box="[878,1109,1921,1947]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="79 - 90" refId="ref310347" refString="Solis, M. A. &amp; Mitter, C. (1992) Review and preliminary phylogenetic analysis of the subfamilies of the Pyralidae (sensu stricto) (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea). Systematic Entomology, 17, 79 - 90. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1992. tb 00323. x" type="journal article" year="1992">Solis &amp; Mitter 1992</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFF0B5F8FFD48026FB8E53DBFADC58F8" author="Leger, T. &amp; Mally, R. &amp; Neinhuis, C. &amp; Nuss, M." box="[1121,1318,1921,1947]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="84 - 99" refId="ref288552" refString="Leger, T., Mally, R., Neinhuis, C. &amp; Nuss, M. (2020) Refining the phylogeny of Crambidae with complete sampling of subfamilies (Lepidoptera, Pyraloidea). Zoologica Scripta, 50 (1), 84 - 99. [2021] https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / zsc. 12452" type="journal article" year="2020">
Léger
<emphasis id="B915141BFFD48026FB4553D8FB1958F8" box="[1194,1251,1921,1947]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">et al.</emphasis>
2020
</bibRefCitation>
), although the placement of
<taxonomicName id="4C61B38AFFD48026FEB753FFFE2E58DC" authorityName="Zeller" authorityYear="1848" box="[344,468,1957,1983]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Galleriinae">Galleriinae</taxonomicName>
was found to be unstable in the phylogenetic analyses of
<bibRefCitation id="EFF0B5F8FFD48026FBB953FFFAB058DC" author="Solis, M. A. &amp; Mitter, C." box="[1110,1354,1957,1983]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="79 - 90" refId="ref310347" refString="Solis, M. A. &amp; Mitter, C. (1992) Review and preliminary phylogenetic analysis of the subfamilies of the Pyralidae (sensu stricto) (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea). Systematic Entomology, 17, 79 - 90. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1992. tb 00323. x" type="journal article" year="1992">Solis &amp; Mitter (1992)</bibRefCitation>
, and of
<taxonomicName id="4C61B38AFFD48026FF785393FEE95880" authorityName="Zeller" authorityYear="1848" box="[151,275,1993,2019]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Galleriinae">Galleriinae</taxonomicName>
+
<taxonomicName id="4C61B38AFFD48026FEDE5393FD345880" authority="Hampson" authorityName="Hampson" authorityYear="1897" box="[305,718,1993,2019]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Monoloxis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B915141BFFD48026FEDE5393FE5D5880" box="[305,423,1993,2019]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Monoloxis</emphasis>
Hampson (Chrysauginae)
</taxonomicName>
in
<bibRefCitation id="EFF0B5F8FFD48026FD1E5393FC2A5880" author="Regier, J. C. &amp; Mitter, C. &amp; Solis, M. A. &amp; Hayden, J. E. &amp; Landry, B. &amp; Nuss, M. &amp; Simonsen, T. J. &amp; Yen, S. H. &amp; Zwick, A. &amp; Cummings, M. P." box="[753,976,1993,2019]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="635 - 656" refId="ref302688" refString="Regier, J. C., Mitter, C., Solis, M. A., Hayden, J. E., Landry, B., Nuss, M., Simonsen, T. J., Yen, S. H., Zwick, A. &amp; Cummings, M. P. (2012) A molecular phylogeny for the pyraloid moths (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea) and its implications for higher-level classification. Systematic Entomology, 37, 635 - 656. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.2012.00641. x" type="journal article" year="2012">
Regier
<emphasis id="B915141BFFD48026FCAC5390FC815880" box="[835,891,1993,2019]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">et al.</emphasis>
(2012)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF1E9881FFCB8039FF7753CDFC0E58D3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7849033" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7849033" box="[152,1012,1943,1968]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7849033/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" startId="16.[152,255,1943,1967]" targetBox="[340,1249,190,1914]" targetPageId="16">
<paragraph id="8BDEC809FFCB8039FF7753CDFC0E58D3" blockId="16.[152,1012,1943,1968]" box="[152,1012,1943,1968]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B915141BFFCB8039FF7753CDFEE258CC" bold="true" box="[152,280,1943,1967]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Numbers of described species of
<taxonomicName id="4C61B38AFFCB8039FD9F53C2FD2658D3" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1809" box="[624,732,1944,1968]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="394" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Pyraloidea">Pyraloidea</taxonomicName>
present in India per author.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF1E9881FFCA8038FF775013FC345B02" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7252296" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7252296" box="[152,974,1097,1121]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7252296/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" startId="17.[152,255,1097,1121]" targetBox="[245,1344,189,1064]" targetPageId="17">
<paragraph id="8BDEC809FFCA8038FF775013FC345B02" blockId="17.[152,974,1097,1121]" box="[152,974,1097,1121]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="B915141BFFCA8038FF775013FEE25B02" bold="true" box="[152,280,1097,1121]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Number of
<taxonomicName id="4C61B38AFFCA8038FE7B5013FDFA5B02" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1809" box="[404,512,1097,1121]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="394" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Pyraloidea">Pyraloidea</taxonomicName>
species present in India described by decade.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF1E9881FFCA8038FF775383FB485892" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7252298" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7252298" box="[152,1202,2009,2033]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7252298/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" startId="17.[152,255,2009,2033]" targetBox="[241,1340,1153,1980]" targetPageId="17">
<paragraph id="8BDEC809FFCA8038FF775383FB485892" blockId="17.[152,1202,2009,2033]" box="[152,1202,2009,2033]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="B915141BFFCA8038FF775383FEE25892" bold="true" box="[152,280,2009,2033]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
Number of Indian Pyraloidea species described from different biogeographic zones/zones.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF1E9881FFC9803BFF775127FB4D5AF6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7252300" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7252300" box="[152,1207,1405,1430]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7252300/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" startId="18.[152,255,1405,1429]" targetBox="[275,1315,190,1368]" targetPageId="18">
<paragraph id="8BDEC809FFC9803BFF775127FB4D5AF6" blockId="18.[152,1207,1405,1430]" box="[152,1207,1405,1430]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B915141BFFC9803BFF775127FEE25AF6" bold="true" box="[152,280,1405,1429]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
Representation of the pyraloid subfamilies among the
<taxonomicName id="4C61B38AFFC9803BFCAB5127FC7F5AF6" box="[836,901,1405,1429]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Carangidae" genus="Indian" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="411" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Indian</taxonomicName>
biogeographical zones/zones.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BDEC809FFC9803BFF285199FA73590E" blockId="18.[151,1437,1475,1646]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
The main morphological synapomorphy for
<taxonomicName id="4C61B38AFFC9803BFD545199FCDF5ABE" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1809" box="[699,805,1475,1501]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pyralidae</taxonomicName>
are the closed bullae tympani (only open anteriorly), as opposed to the open
<typeStatus id="54DA76ABFFC9803BFE6F51B2FE4A5961" box="[384,432,1512,1538]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">type</typeStatus>
found in
<taxonomicName id="4C61B38AFFC9803BFDF251BDFD665962" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1810" box="[541,668,1511,1537]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Crambidae</taxonomicName>
. Furthermore, tympanum and conjunctiva are in the same plane, and a praecinctorium is absent (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF0B5F8FFC9803BFE255251FDAA5946" author="Minet, J." box="[458,592,1547,1573]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="262 - 280" refId="ref294531" refString="Minet, J. (1981) Les Pyraloidea et leurs principales divisions systematiques (Lep. Ditrysia). Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique de France, 86 (9 - 10), 262 - 280. https: // doi. org / 10.3406 / bsef. 1981.17984" type="journal article" year="1981">Minet 1981</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFF0B5F8FFC9803BFDB35251FD625945" author="Minet, J." box="[604,664,1547,1574]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="69 - 86" refId="ref294628" refString="Minet, J. (1985) Etude morphologique et phylogenetique des organs tympaniques des Pyraloidea. 2 - Pyralidae; Crambidae, premiere partie. (Lepidoptera Glossata). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 21 (1), 69 - 86." type="journal article" year="1985">1985</bibRefCitation>
). In the forewing, R
<subScript id="17E5CA4CFFC9803BFC975244FC7A594F" attach="left" box="[888,896,1566,1580]" fontSize="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">5</subScript>
is stalked with R
<subScript id="17E5CA4CFFC9803BFBAD5244FBB0594F" attach="left" box="[1090,1098,1566,1580]" fontSize="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">3</subScript>
+ R
<subScript id="17E5CA4CFFC9803BFB955244FB78594F" attach="left" box="[1146,1154,1566,1580]" fontSize="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">4</subScript>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF0B5F8FFC9803BFB7E5251FAEC5946" author="Minet, J." box="[1169,1302,1547,1573]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="262 - 280" refId="ref294531" refString="Minet, J. (1981) Les Pyraloidea et leurs principales divisions systematiques (Lep. Ditrysia). Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique de France, 86 (9 - 10), 262 - 280. https: // doi. org / 10.3406 / bsef. 1981.17984" type="journal article" year="1981">Minet 1981</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFF0B5F8FFC9803BFACD5251FAA45945" author="Minet, J." box="[1314,1374,1547,1574]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="69 - 86" refId="ref294628" refString="Minet, J. (1985) Etude morphologique et phylogenetique des organs tympaniques des Pyraloidea. 2 - Pyralidae; Crambidae, premiere partie. (Lepidoptera Glossata). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 21 (1), 69 - 86." type="journal article" year="1985">1985</bibRefCitation>
). The male genitalia exhibit a pair of lateral processes arising from the base of the uncus (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF0B5F8FFC9803BFBC45275FAF7592A" author="Solis, M. A. &amp; Mitter, C." box="[1067,1293,1583,1609]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="79 - 90" refId="ref310347" refString="Solis, M. A. &amp; Mitter, C. (1992) Review and preliminary phylogenetic analysis of the subfamilies of the Pyralidae (sensu stricto) (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea). Systematic Entomology, 17, 79 - 90. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1992. tb 00323. x" type="journal article" year="1992">Solis &amp; Mitter 1992</bibRefCitation>
). A character diagnostic for pyralid larvae is the sclerotized ring at the base of subdorsal seta 1 (
<collectingRegion id="49A506EBFFC9803BFBDF5209FBA3590E" box="[1072,1113,1619,1645]" country="Serbia" name="Sid" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">SD</collectingRegion>
1) on A8 (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF0B5F8FFC9803BFB2A5209FA87590E" author="Hasenfuss, I." box="[1221,1405,1619,1645]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 263" refId="ref280672" refString="Hasenfuss, I. (1960) Die Larvalsystematik der Zunsler (Pyralidae). Abhandlungen zur Larvalsystematik der Insekten, 5, 1 - 263." type="journal article" year="1960">Hasenfuss 1960</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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